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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>S&#227;o Paulo, SP, Brazil</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">BCqNJsTbyJqQmxGYScDCq6d</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00023</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2010000300023</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v1">S0066-782X(10)09400323</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/S0066-782X2010000300023</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Correla&#231;&#227;o Cl&#237;nico-Radiogr&#225;fica</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Caso 2/2010 - lactente de 5 meses, do sexo masculino, com comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular subpulmonar e coarcta&#231;&#227;o da aorta</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Atik</surname>
            <given-names>Edmar</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Passos</surname>
            <given-names>Fabiana M.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Cauduro</surname>
            <given-names>Alexandre S.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff01">
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital S&#237;rio Liban&#234;s</institution>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
      </aff>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>03</month>
        <year>2010</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>94</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>e86</fpage>
      <lpage>e87</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>28</day>
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2010</year>
      </pub-date>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>
      <bold>CORRELA&#199;&#195;O CL&#205;NICO-RADIOGR&#193;FICA</bold>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Caso 2/2010 - lactente de 5 meses, do sexo masculino, com comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular subpulmonar e coarcta&#231;&#227;o da aorta</bold>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Edmar Atik; Fabiana M. Passos; Alexandre S. Cauduro</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Hospital S&#237;rio Liban&#234;s, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil</p>
    <p>
      <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="back">Correspond&#234;ncia</xref>
    </p>
    <p><bold>Palavras-chave:</bold> Cardiopatias cong&#234;nitas, comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular, coarta&#231;&#227;o a&#243;rtica, art&#233;ria pulmonar/anormalidades.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Dados cl&#237;nicos</bold>
    </p>
    <p>O paciente manteve-se assintom&#225;tico at&#233; h&#225; 3 meses, quando surgiu cansa&#231;o mesmo em repouso, de intensidade progressivamente maior.</p>
    <p>Exame f&#237;sico: taquidispn&#233;ico, corado, pulsos amplos em membros superiores e diminu&#237;dos nos membros inferiores. Peso: 5130g. As press&#245;es arteriais no membro superior direito e no membro inferior direito eram de 150/80 e de 100/80 mmHg, respectivamente. FC: 130 bpm. A aorta n&#227;o era palpada na f&#250;rcula.</p>
    <p>No prec&#243;rdio havia impuls&#245;es discretas na borda esternal esquerda e o <italic>ictus</italic> era difuso e palpado no 5&#186; espa&#231;o intercostal na linha hemiclavicular. As bulhas card&#237;acas eram hiperfon&#233;ticas e havia sopro holossist&#243;lico, ++ de intensidade, na borda esternal esquerda alta, irradiado para a borda esternal mais baixa e &#224; &#225;rea mitral. O f&#237;gado n&#227;o era palpado.</p>
    <p>O eletrocardiograma (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Fig.1</xref>) mostrava ritmo sinusal e sobrecarga biventricular, com complexos RS em todas as deriva&#231;&#245;es precordiais, com repolariza&#231;&#227;o ventricular normal. Ademais, havia sinais de sobrecarga atrial esquerda. &#194;QRS estava a 90&#186;, &#194;P a +30&#186; e &#194;T a +50&#186;.</p>
    <p content-type="asset">
      <fig id="f1">
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-94-03-0e86-00023-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Imagem radiogr&#225;fica</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Mostra &#225;rea card&#237;aca aumentada &#224; custa do arco ventricular e trama vascular pulmonar acentuadamente aumentada nos hilos e na periferia pulmonar. Chama a aten&#231;&#227;o tamb&#233;m a acentuada dilata&#231;&#227;o do arco m&#233;dio (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Fig.1</xref>).</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Impress&#227;o diagn&#243;stica</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Esta imagem &#233; compat&#237;vel com o diagn&#243;stico de cardiopatia que se acompanha de desvio de sangue da esquerda para a direita, tipo comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular. A dilata&#231;&#227;o acentuada do tronco pulmonar e das art&#233;rias pulmonares orientam para fluxo pulmonar direcionado diretamente do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo para a via de sa&#237;da de ventr&#237;culo direito, como na localiza&#231;&#227;o subpulmonar da comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Diagn&#243;stico diferencial</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Todas as demais cardiopatias cong&#234;nitas acianog&#234;nicas, com desvio de sangue da esquerda para a direita, devem ser lembradas como a comunica&#231;&#227;o interatrial e a persist&#234;ncia do canal arterial, desde que exibam acentuada repercuss&#227;o hemodin&#226;mica, o que ocorre entretanto em idades mais avan&#231;adas. Esta altera&#231;&#227;o de acentuada dilata&#231;&#227;o do tronco pulmonar &#233; vista tamb&#233;m em cardiopatias cianog&#234;nicas com hiperfluxo pulmonar tipo drenagem an&#244;mala total das veias pulmonares.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Confirma&#231;&#227;o diagn&#243;stica</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Os elementos cl&#237;nicos foram decisivos para o diagn&#243;stico da comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular e da coarcta&#231;&#227;o da aorta. O ecocardiograma confirmou a exist&#234;ncia do defeito ventricular com conex&#227;o direta com a valva pulmonar em localiza&#231;&#227;o subpulmonar, de 10 mm de di&#226;metro, al&#233;m da coarcta&#231;&#227;o da aorta em regi&#227;o &#237;stmica com 3 mm de di&#226;metro em rela&#231;&#227;o a 7 mm da aorta ascendente e a 5 mm da cro&#231;a. O ventr&#237;culo direito n&#227;o era dilatado em face do fluxo preferencial do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo para a &#225;rvore arterial pulmonar. Havia aumento do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo, com preserva&#231;&#227;o de sua fun&#231;&#227;o (FEVE: 68%, Ao: 14, AE: 18, VE: 27) (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f02">Fig.2</xref>).</p>
    <p content-type="asset">
      <fig id="f02">
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-94-03-0e86-00023-gf02.jpg"/></fig>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Conduta</bold>
    </p>
    <p>&#192; opera&#231;&#227;o, a ressec&#231;&#227;o da coarcta&#231;&#227;o da aorta em anastomose t&#233;rmino-terminal com a cro&#231;a permitiu di&#226;metro adequado da regi&#227;o. Atrav&#233;s da incis&#227;o no tronco pulmonar, a comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular subpulmonar ou duplamente relacionada, de 10 mm de di&#226;metro, foi fechada com placa de peric&#225;rdio bovino. Como resultado houve resolu&#231;&#227;o do quadro de insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Coment&#225;rios</bold>
    </p>
    <p>A dilata&#231;&#227;o exagerada do tronco pulmonar raramente &#233; detectada em lactentes mesmo em portadores de cardiopatias com acentuado hiperfluxo pulmonar. Esta verifica&#231;&#227;o anat&#244;mica, neste caso, decorria do fluxo direto do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo para a &#225;rvore arterial pulmonar pela comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular. Al&#233;m disso, este defeito, quando duplamente relacionado aos vasos da base, explica patogenicamente a exist&#234;ncia conjunta da coarcta&#231;&#227;o da aorta, em vista do maior desvio de sangue do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo pela comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular para o tronco pulmonar, ainda na vida fetal. Esta din&#226;mica favorece que o canal arterial seja localizado ap&#243;s a coarcta&#231;&#227;o da aorta. A corre&#231;&#227;o cir&#250;rgica precoce impede evolu&#231;&#227;o desfavor&#225;vel relacionada ao aumento e &#224; disfun&#231;&#227;o do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo.</p>
    <p>
      <fn id="back" fn-type="corresp">
        <label>
          <bold> Correspond&#234;ncia:</bold>
        </label>
        <p>Edmar Atik </p>
        <p> Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 74 conj.73 - Bela Vista </p>
        <p> 01308-050 - S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil </p>
        <p> E-mail: </p>
        <p><email xlink:href="conatik@incor.usp.br">conatik@incor.usp.br</email>, </p>
        <p>
          <email xlink:href="eatik@cardiol.br">eatik@cardiol.br</email>
        </p>
      </fn>
    </p>
    <p>Artigo aceito em 30/07/09; revisado recebido em 12/11/09; aceito em 12/11/09.</p>
  </body>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Clinicalradiological Session</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Case 2/2010 Five-month-old Male Infant with Subpulmonary Interventricular Communication and Aortic Coarctation</article-title>
      </title-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>
        <bold>CLINICORADIOLOGICAL SESSION</bold>
      </p>
      <p>
        <bold>Case 2 / 2010 - five-month-old male infant with subpulmonary interventricular communication and aortic coarctation</bold>
      </p>
      <p>
        <bold>Edmar Atik; Fabiana M. Passos; Alexandre S. Cauduro</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Hospital S&#237;rio Liban&#234;s, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil</p>
      <p>
        <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="back-body2">Mailing Address</xref>
      </p>
      <p><bold>Key words:</bold> Congenital cardiopathies; ventricular septal defect, aortic coarctation, pulmonary artery /abnormalities.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Clinical data</bold>
      </p>
      <p>The patient remained asymptomatic up to three months before, when he started to present fatigue even at rest, which grew progressively worse.</p>
      <p>Physical examination: the patient was tachydyspneic, had normal skin color, ample pulses in both upper extremities and decreased in the lower extremities. Weight was 5,130g. The blood pressures in the right upper limb and right lower limb were 150/80 and 100/80 mmHg, respectively. HR: 130 bpm. The aorta was not palpated at the suprasternal notch. The patient presented slight precordial impulses at the left sternal border and the ictus cordis was diffuse and palpated at the 5th intercostal space on the hemiclavicular line. Heart sounds were hyperphonetic and there was a holosystolic murmur of ++ intensity, on the sternal border, irradiating to the lower sternal border and the mitral area. The liver was not palpated.</p>
      <p>The electrocardiogram (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="en_24f01-body2">Fig.1</xref>) showed sinus rhythm and biventricular overload, with RS complexes in all precordial leads and normal ventricular repolarization. Moreover, there were signs of left atrial overload. &#194;QRS was at 90o, &#194;P at +30o and &#194;T at +50o.</p>
      <p content-type="asset">
        <fig id="en_24f01-body2">
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-94-03-0e86-00023-gf01-en.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
      <p>
        <bold>Radiographic image</bold>
      </p>
      <p>The image shows enlargement of the cardiac silhouette at the expense of the ventricular arch and greatly increased pulmonary vascular network in the hila and pulmonary periphery. The markedly increased mid-arch dilatation was also noteworthy (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="en_24f01-body2">Fig. 1</xref>).</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Diagnostic impression</bold>
      </p>
      <p>This image is compatible with the diagnosis of a cardiopathy that accompanies a left-to-right shunt, such as ventricular septal defect. The increased dilatation of the pulmonary trunk and the pulmonary arteries demonstrates the presence of pulmonary flow directly from the left ventricle to the right ventricular outflow tract, as in the subpulmonary location of the ventricular septal defect.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Differential diagnosis</bold>
      </p>
      <p>All other acyanotic congenital cardiopathies with left-to-right shunt must be recalled, such as interatrial communication and patent ductus arteriosus, as long as they present a marked hemodynamic effect, which occurs, however, at more advanced ages. This alteration of marked dilatation of the pulmonary trunk is also seen in cyanotic cardiopathies with pulmonary hyperflow, such as total anomalous pulmonary venous connection.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Diagnostic confirmation</bold>
      </p>
      <p>The clinical elements were decisive for the diagnosis of the ventricular septal defect and aortic coarctation. The echocardiogram confirmed the presence of a ventricular defect with a direct connection with the pulmonary valve in a subpulmonary location, measuring 10 mm in diameter, in addition to the aortic coarctation in the isthmus region, measuring 3 mm in diameter, in relation to 7 mm of the ascending aorta and 5 mm of the aortic arch. The right ventricle was not dilated, considering the preferential flow from the left ventricle to the pulmonary artery tree. The left ventricle was enlarged and the left ventricular function was preserved (LVEF: 68%, Ao: 14, LA: 18, LV: 27) (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2-body2">Fig.2</xref>).</p>
      <fig id="f2-body2">
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-94-03-0e86-00023-gf02-en.jpg"/></fig>
      <p>
        <bold>Management</bold>
      </p>
      <p>At surgery, the resection of the aortic coarctation in termino-terminal anastomosis with the aortic arch resulted in an adequate diameter of the region. The 10-mm subpulmonary or committed ventricular septal defect was closed through an incision in the pulmonary trunk, using a bovine pericardial patch. The heart failure condition was resolved.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Comments</bold>
      </p>
      <p>The marked dilatation of the pulmonary trunk is seldom detected in infants, even in those with cardiopathies with marked pulmonary hyperflow. This anatomical confirmation, in this case, was due to the direct flow from the left ventricle to the pulmonary artery tree, through the ventricular septal defect. Moreover, this defect, when doubly committed to the great vessels, pathogenically explains the concomitant existence of aortic coarctation, considering the increased shunting from the left ventricle through the ventricular septal defect to the pulmonary trunk, still during fetal life. This dynamics helps the ductus arteriosus to be located after the aortic coarctation. The surgical correction prevents an unfavorable evolution related to the LV enlargement and dysfunction.</p>
      <p>
        <fn id="back-body2" fn-type="corresp">
          <p>Mailing Address:</p>
          <p> Edmar Atik</p>
          <p> Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 74 conj.73 - Bela Vista</p>
          <p> 01308-050 - S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil</p>
          <p> E-mail: </p>
          <p><email xlink:href="conatik@incor.usp.br">conatik@incor.usp.br</email>, </p>
          <p>
            <email xlink:href="eatik@cardiol.br">eatik@cardiol.br</email>
          </p>
        </fn>
      </p>
      <p>Manuscript received July 30, 2009; revised manuscript received November 12, 2009; accepted November 12, 2009.</p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
