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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>S&#227;o Paulo, SP, Brazil</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">NRXZbjCSkWjvDHrMVgknRdJ</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00010</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2008001400010</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v1">S0066-782X(08)09100210</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/S0066-782X2008001400010</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Cartas ao Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Levosimendana em pacientes com insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca descompensada</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Rosa</surname>
            <given-names>Eduardo Maffini da</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Os&#243;rio</surname>
            <given-names>Ana Paula Susin</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Scopel</surname>
            <given-names>Luciano</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff01">
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Caxias do Sul</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state"/>
        </addr-line>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de Caxias do Sul</institution>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
      </aff>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2008</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>91</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>132</fpage>
      <lpage>132</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>11</day>
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2008</year>
      </pub-date>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>
      <bold>CARTA AO EDITOR</bold>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Levosimendana em pacientes com insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca descompensada</bold>
    </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Eduardo Maffini da Rosa; Ana Paula Susin Os&#243;rio; Luciano Scopel</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, RS</p>
    <p>A insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca &#233; considerada um problema de sa&#250;de p&#250;blica em diversos pa&#237;ses e, ao contr&#225;rio de outras doen&#231;as cardiovasculares comuns, est&#225; crescendo em preval&#234;ncia, &#224; medida que a popula&#231;&#227;o idosa, em que a preval&#234;ncia dessa patologia &#233; maior, cresce. Os quadros de insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca descompensada (ICD) representam, no Brasil, a terceira causa de interna&#231;&#227;o geral e a primeira cardiovascular, apresentando alta mortalidade<sup>1</sup>. Por isso, torna-se um desafio o desenvolvimento de estrat&#233;gias terap&#234;uticas capazes de prevenir o &#243;bito por ICD e melhorar a qualidade de vida desses pacientes. Nesse sentido, o estudo BELIEF prop&#245;e a utiliza&#231;&#227;o da levosimendana como o agente inotr&#243;pico de escolha para tratamento da ICD.</p>
    <p>Os sujeitos de pesquisa selecionados para o estudo BELIEF eram portadores de disfun&#231;&#227;o ventricular sist&#243;lica (DVS) importante, que evolu&#237;ram com insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca esquerda (ICE) descompensada sem hipotens&#227;o, mesmo ap&#243;s terem utilizado altas doses de diur&#233;ticos. A nosso ver, esses sujeitos n&#227;o representam a maioria dos pacientes com DVS que evoluem com ICE descompensada, uma vez que esse grupo de pacientes costuma apresentar hipotens&#227;o arterial e, &#224;s vezes, insufici&#234;ncia renal durante as descompensa&#231;&#245;es cardiol&#243;gicas<sup>2</sup>. Queremos salientar que os pacientes que evoluem com ICE e resposta hipertensiva freq&#252;entemente apresentam fun&#231;&#227;o sist&#243;lica ventricular normal e s&#227;o tratados com vasodilatadores e diur&#233;ticos<sup>3</sup>. Esse grupo de pacientes, com fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o normal, representa metade do total de portadores de insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca, n&#227;o estando inclu&#237;do no estudo BELIEF<sup>4</sup>.</p>
    <p>Por fim, seria relevante a identifica&#231;&#227;o dos fatores precipitantes da descompensa&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca, como infec&#231;&#245;es, tromboembolismo pulmonar, insufici&#234;ncia renal aguda, arritmias, anemia, isquemia, falta de ader&#234;ncia terap&#234;utica, progress&#227;o da doen&#231;a de base, uso de &#225;lcool e sobrecarga de s&#243;dio, j&#225; que, em muitos casos, a corre&#231;&#227;o desse fator &#233; de fundamental import&#226;ncia para que seja institu&#237;do um manejo adequado e que se observe uma resposta cl&#237;nica favor&#225;vel na insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca descompensada<sup>5</sup>.</p>
  </body>
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        <mixed-citation>5. Teerlink JR. Diagnosis and management of acute heart failure. In: Braunwald's heart disease: a textbook of cardiovascular medicine, 8th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders, 2008. p. 583-610.</mixed-citation>
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  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Letters to the Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Levosimendan in patients with decompensated heart failure</article-title>
      </title-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>
        <bold>LETTER TO THE EDITOR</bold>
      </p>
      <p>
        <bold>Levosimendan in patients with decompensated heart failure</bold>
      </p>
      <p>
        <bold>Eduardo Maffini da Rosa; Ana Paula Susin Os&#243;rio; Luciano Scopel</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, RS - Brazil</p>
      <p>Heart failure is considered a public health problem in several countries and, unlikely other common cardiovascular diseases, its prevalence is on the rise as the elderly population, in whom the prevalence of this pathology is higher, increases.</p>
      <p>The pictures of decompensated heart failure (DHF) represent the third cause of hospitalization and the first cardiovascular one in Brazil, presenting high mortality<sup>1</sup>. Thus, the development of therapeutic strategies capable of preventing death by DHF and improving the quality of life of these patients has become a challenge. In this sense, the BELIEF study proposes the use of levosimendan as the inotropic agent of choice for the treatment of DHF.</p>
      <p>The study subjects selected for the BELIEF study had important systolic ventricular dysfunction (SVD) and developed decompensated left heart failure (LHF) without hypotension, even after high doses of diuretics.</p>
      <p>To our knowledge, these subjects do not represent the majority of the patients with SVD that develop decompensated LHF, as this group of patients usually presents arterial hypotension and, sometimes, renal failure during cardiac decompensations<sup>2</sup>.</p>
      <p>We want to emphasize that the patients that develop LHF and hypertensive response frequently present normal systolic ventricular function and are treated with vasodilators and diuretics<sup>3</sup>. This group of patients, with normal ejection fraction, represents half of the total number of patients with HF and are not included in the BELIEF<sup>4</sup> study.</p>
      <p>Finally, it would be relevant to identify the factors that trigger the cardiac decompensation, such as infections, pulmonary thromboembolism, acute renal failure, arrhythmias, anemia, ischemia, lack of therapeutic adherence, underlying disease progression, alcohol use and sodium overload, as, in many cases, the correction of this factor is essential for the institution of adequate management and the observation of a favorable clinical response in decompensated heart failure<sup>5</sup>.</p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
