<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" specific-use="sps-1.9" dtd-version="1.1" xml:lang="pt" article-type="editorial">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>S&#227;o Paulo, SP, Brazil</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">ksRmTqtQ5FkvVtqGRx9yQWH</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00014</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2008001300014</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v1">S0066-782X(08)09100114</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/S0066-782X2008001300014</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Ponto de Vista</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Narciso e o ecocardiografista</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Grinberg</surname>
            <given-names>Max</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Mathias Jr.</surname>
            <given-names>Wilson</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff01">
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina </institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">HC</institution>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
      </aff>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2008</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>91</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>e10</fpage>
      <lpage>e11</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>25</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2008</year>
      </pub-date>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>
      <bold>PONTO DE VISTA</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Narciso e o ecocardiografista</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Max Grinberg; Wilson Mathias Jr.</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o do HC, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo (FMUSP) - S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil</p>
    <p>
      <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="nt">Correspond&#234;ncia</xref>
    </p>
    <p><bold>Palavras-chave:</bold> &#201;tica, mitologia, ecocardiografia.</p>
    <p>Eco era o nome dela, a ninfa dos bosques e das fontes que se apaixonou por Narciso. N&#227;o correspondida, desesperou-se, definhou, morreu e se transformou num rochedo. Da vida ficou a voz (Eco) que respondia ao ser chamada.</p>
    <p>Essa passagem da mitologia grega tem eco na cardiologia e sua pertin&#234;ncia exige a outra parte da hist&#243;ria. Nemesis, guardi&#227; do excesso de altivez que desperta a ira dos deuses por comprometer o equil&#237;brio do universo, resolveu vingar a mulher desprezada e puniu Narciso. Ela fez que ele permanecesse extasiado diante da beleza do seu rosto refletido na &#225;gua. Indiferente a tudo, Narciso n&#227;o conseguiu tirar o olhar da sua imagem at&#233; morrer; no lugar floresceu um narciso, essa flor ornamental muito cultivada no mundo.</p>
    <p>O simbolismo do mito contribui para estruturar reflex&#245;es sobre os impactos da realidade da cardiologia ao nosso redor. </p>
    <p>O m&#233;rito acad&#234;mico associa-se ao ensino, pesquisa e extens&#227;o, conjuga-se &#224; ci&#234;ncia e &#224; tecnologia, fortalece-se na inter e na multidisciplinaridade e reconhece-se na pluralidade de m&#233;todos para satisfazer a diversidade de objetivos. </p>
    <p>A ecocardiografia preenche esses quesitos. Ela nos faz aprender anatomia, fisiologia, fisiopatologia e outras disciplinas; ela contribui para desenvolver a expans&#227;o das fronteiras do conhecimento em v&#225;rios temas da cardiologia; ela &#233; imprescind&#237;vel como tecnologia m&#233;dica, mas gera tens&#245;es no ordenamento proped&#234;utico. </p>
    <p>A ecocardiografia &#233; mult&#237;plice pela reuni&#227;o de m&#233;todos desde o unidimensional e plural para o cardiologista acompanhar hist&#243;ria natural, construir diagn&#243;stico, ajustar terap&#234;utica, projetar progn&#243;stico, orientar-se na excelente ou na m&#225;-qualidade de vida, tomar decis&#245;es na eletividade, urg&#234;ncia e emerg&#234;ncia e conduzir-se por momentos estrat&#233;gicos t&#227;o distintos quanto ciclo grav&#237;dico-puerperal, endocardite infecciosa e trans-operat&#243;rio. </p>
    <p>A ninfa Eco n&#227;o foi valorizada por Narciso. O coletivo dos ecocardiografistas, portanto, n&#227;o deve exceder a chamada forma benigna do narcisismo, em que o justific&#225;vel orgulho da compet&#234;ncia tecnocient&#237;fica em n&#237;vel de capacita&#231;&#227;o para o estado da arte &#233; equilibrado com atitudes de profundo interesse quanto &#224;s realidades do processo de trabalho &#150; a subespecialidade integrada &#224;s demais &#150; e do objeto das a&#231;&#245;es &#150; o paciente em sintonia com o m&#233;dico solicitante.</p>
    <p>Esse realismo deve acontecer de modo cong&#234;nito na forma&#231;&#227;o "transduterina" do ecocardiografista. O iniciante precisa ser conscientizado de que o exame &#233; uma ferramenta para a objetividade, o racioc&#237;nio cr&#237;tico e a atitude cl&#237;nico-cient&#237;fica<sup>1,2</sup>; ademais, ele necessita ser prontamente alertado sobre a ilus&#227;o da onipot&#234;ncia e da onisci&#234;ncia, at&#233; porque a percep&#231;&#227;o varia de observador para observador. </p>
    <p>Saber ecocardiografia n&#227;o &#233; a mesma coisa que saber interpretar imagens, &#233; preciso mentalizar um "di&#225;logo" com a pluralidade das express&#245;es cl&#237;nicas dos cardiologistas. </p>
    <p>O <italic>goldstandard</italic> da interpreta&#231;&#227;o do ecocardiograma como um todo transcende a reitera&#231;&#227;o do ac&#250;mulo de exames. Os ajustes da expertise beneficiam-se das correla&#231;&#245;es anatomopatol&#243;gicas ou cir&#250;rgicas e devem ser estimuladas.</p>
    <p>A ecocardiografia &#233; um bem proped&#234;utico com finalidade universalmente definida, espa&#231;o circunscrito pelo cumprimento de excel&#234;ncia e pass&#237;vel de virar malef&#237;cio caso interpretada de modo dissociado da realidade cl&#237;nica. No contraponto, cabe ao cl&#237;nico o endosso contextual do laudo do exame e o transformar, de modo equilibrado, em sua convic&#231;&#227;o. Pois, em condi&#231;&#245;es normais de racioc&#237;nio cl&#237;nico, a tomada de decis&#227;o p&#243;s-exame, na verdade, j&#225; est&#225; estruturada no pr&#233;-exame. </p>
    <p>A no&#231;&#227;o de ecocardiografia como indissociabilidade entre ci&#234;ncia, tecnologia e humanismo deve permear as li&#231;&#245;es elementares e avan&#231;adas para o aprendizado dessa subespecialidade. &#201; essencial comprometer-se mais com <italic>a informa&#231;&#227;o que realizo </italic>do que com <italic>o m&#233;todo que tenho</italic>. Faz parte dos princ&#237;pios da Responsabilidade &#150; <italic>Estou ciente do que fiz </italic>&#150; e da Prud&#234;ncia &#150; <italic>o compromisso com o amanh&#227;</italic> (do paciente e dos cardiologistas). </p>
    <p>O reconhecimento das realidades al&#233;m das nossas significa respeito aos demais m&#233;todos. A paix&#227;o pela t&#233;cnica n&#227;o deve fazer que ela prevale&#231;a a ponto de extrapolar a limita&#231;&#227;o do campo de vis&#227;o que disp&#245;e.</p>
    <p>A express&#227;o <italic>A Cl&#237;nica &#233; soberana, o Eco &#233; poderoso</italic><sup>3</sup> traduz o reconhecimento que a ecocardiografia tem compet&#234;ncias de documenta&#231;&#227;o (D) de dados j&#225; identificadas pela proped&#234;utica f&#237;sica, interpreta&#231;&#227;o (i) &#150; esclarecimento de um quadro cl&#237;nico (etiopatogenia de edema agudo de pulm&#227;o, por exemplo) com dificuldades de avalia&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca &#150; conjuntiva (c), pela qual acresce dados &#250;teis, como o porcentual de encurtamento ventricular esquerdo e a &#225;rea valvar esten&#243;tica e atributiva (a), em que a ecocardiografia reina soberana &#150; e d&#225; poder cl&#237;nico, invertendo a express&#227;o acima &#150; como a vegeta&#231;&#227;o da endocardite infecciosa. Dica, portanto.</p>
    <p>Enxergar a realidade do ser paciente individualmente e da equipe de sa&#250;de coletivamente &#233; miss&#227;o de quem trabalha com imagem e se preocupa com a auto-imagem corporativa<sup>4</sup>. </p>
    <p>Eliminar qualquer tend&#234;ncia de hiper-insufla&#231;&#227;o do Narciso &#233; lema human&#237;stico aplic&#225;vel a todos os centros de forma&#231;&#227;o de ecocardiografista. </p>
    <p>
      <bold>Potencial Conflito de Interesses</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Fontes de Financiamento</bold>
    </p>
    <p>O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o Acad&#234;mica</bold>
    </p>
    <p>N&#227;o h&#225; vincula&#231;&#227;o deste estudo a programas de p&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o.</p>
    <p>
      <fn id="nt" fn-type="corresp">
        <p>Correspond&#234;ncia:</p>
        <p> Wilson Mathias Junior </p>
        <p> Av. Dr. En&#233;as de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Cerqueira C&#233;sar </p>
        <p> 05403-000, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil </p>
        <p> E-mail: </p>
        <p><email xlink:href="wmathias@cardiol.br">wmathias@cardiol.br</email>, </p>
        <p>
          <email xlink:href="wmathias@incor.usp.br">wmathias@incor.usp.br</email>
        </p>
      </fn>
    </p>
    <p>Artigo enviado 11/12/07; revisado recebido em 04/01/08; aceito em 04/01/08.;</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <ref id="B1">
        <mixed-citation>1.  Popp RJ, Smith SC Jr, Adams RJ, Antman    EM, Kavey RE, De Maria AN, et al. ACCF/AHA Consensus Conference Report on professionalism    and ethics. Circulation. 2004; 110: 2506-49.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <article-title>ACCF/AHA Consensus Conference Report on professionalism and ethics</article-title>
          <source>Circulation</source>
          <date>
            <year>2004</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>2506</fpage>
          <lpage>49</lpage>
          <volume>110</volume>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Popp</surname>
              <given-names>RJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Smith</surname>
              <given-names>SC Jr</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Adams</surname>
              <given-names>RJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Antman</surname>
              <given-names>EM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kavey</surname>
              <given-names>RE</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>De Maria</surname>
              <given-names>AN</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B2">
        <mixed-citation>2. Otto CM. Textbook of clinical of echocardiography.    2nd ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 2002.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="book">
          <source>Textbook of clinical of echocardiography</source>
          <date>
            <year>2002</year>
          </date>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Otto</surname>
              <given-names>CM</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B3">
        <mixed-citation>3. Grinberg M. Acaso da beira do leito, causo    da bio&#233;tica. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2006; 87 (6): e257-e261.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <article-title>Acaso da beira do leito, causo da bio&#233;tica</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <date>
            <year>2006</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>e257</fpage>
          <lpage>e261</lpage>
          <issue>6</issue>
          <volume>87</volume>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Grinberg</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B4">
        <mixed-citation>4. Grinberg M. Fidelidade ao bom senso. Arq    Bras Cardiol. 1997; 69 (6): 373-4.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <article-title>Fidelidade ao bom senso</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <date>
            <year>1997</year>
          </date>
          <fpage>373</fpage>
          <lpage>4</lpage>
          <issue>6</issue>
          <volume>69</volume>
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Grinberg</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Point of View</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Narcissus and the echocardiographist</article-title>
      </title-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>
        <bold>POINT OF VIEW</bold>
      </p>
      <p><undefined id="tx-body2"/>Narcissus and the echocardiographist</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Max Grinberg; Wilson Mathias Jr</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o do HC, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo (FMUSP) - S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil</p>
      <p>Mailing address</p>
      <p><bold>Key Words:</bold> Ethics; mythology; echocardiography.</p>
      <p>Echo was her name, the nymph of the woods and the fountains who fell in love with Narcissus. After her love was rejected, she fell into despair, wasted away and became a rock. Of her life, only the voice (Echo) was left, which answered when called. </p>
      <p>For compromising the equilibrium of the Universe, the Gods decided to avenge the despised woman and punished Narcissus. Nemesis made Narcissus remain ecstatic when contemplating his own beautiful face reflected in the water. Indifferent to all, Narcissus could not remove his eyes from his image until he died; in his place, a flower called narcissus bloomed, an ornamental flower that is grown all around the world. </p>
      <p>The symbolism of the myth contributed to construct deep considerations on the impact of the reality of Cardiology around us.</p>
      <p>The academic merit is associated with teaching, research and conjugated with science and technology, grows stronger in the inter- and multidisciplinarity and acknowledges itself in the diversity of methods to satisfy the assortment of objectives. </p>
      <p>Echocardiography fulfills all these requirements. It makes you learn anatomy, physiology, physiopathology and other disciplines; it contributes to develop and expand the boundaries of learning in several areas of Cardiology; it is mandatory as medical technology, but also generates tensions in the propedeutic ordaining. </p>
      <p>Echocardiography is multiple-featured due to the joining of methods, from the one-dimensional and plural for the cardiologist to follow the natural history, build a diagnosis, adjust the prognosis, make decisions in electivity, urgency and emergency and navigate through strategic moments that are so distinct as the pregnancy-puerperal cycle, infectious endocarditis and transoperative period. </p>
      <p>The nymph Echo was ignored by Narcissus. The collective of the echocardiographists, therefore, should not exceed the so-called benign form of narcissism, where the justifiable pride of the techno-scientific competence at the level of state-of-the-art capacitation is balanced by attitudes of profound interest regarding the realities of the work process &#150; the subspecialty integrated to the others &#150; and the object of the actions &#150; the patient in synchronization with the requesting physician. </p>
      <p>This pragmatism must take place congenitally in the "transducterine" formation of the echocardiographer. The novice must be aware that the test is a tool for the objectivity, the critical reasoning and the clinical-scientific attitude<sup>1-2</sup>; additionally, he or she must become promptly aware of the illusion of omnipotence and omniscience, considering that the perception varies from observer to observer.</p>
      <p>To be acquainted that echocardiography is not the same thing as to know how to interpret images; it is necessary to think up a "dialogue" with the diversity of the clinical scenarios realized by the cardiologists. </p>
      <p>The gold standard of the echocardiogram interpretation as a whole goes beyond the recurrence of test accumulation. The expertise adjustments benefit from the anatomopathological or surgical correlations and must be stimulated. </p>
      <p>Echocardiography, is a propedeutic asset with a universally defined objective, space circumscribed by the excellence performance and capable of becoming a hazard when interpreted in dissociation from clinical reality. On the other hand, it is the clinician&#146;s responsibility to give the clinical support for the test results and transform it, in a balanced way, into his or her conviction. As, in normal conditions of clinical reasoning, the post-test decision-making is in fact structured in the pre-test period. </p>
      <p>The concept of echocardiography as the inseparability between science, technology and humanism must permeate the basic and advanced lessons during the learning process of this subspecialty. It is essential to be more committed with <italic>the information that I realize</italic> than with <italic>the method that I have</italic>. It is part of the Principles of Responsibility &#150; <italic>I am aware of what I did</italic> - and of Good Sense &#150;<italic> the commitment with the tomorrow </italic>(the patient&#146;s and the cardiologists&#146;). </p>
      <p>The acknowledgment of realities that are beyond ours, means respect for the other methods. The enthusiasm for the technique must not make it prevail to the point of extrapolating the limitation of the available field of view. </p>
      <p>The expression "The Clinics is sovereign, The Echo is powerful"<sup>3</sup>, translates the recognition that echocardiography has data documentation capabilities that have been identified by physical propedeutics, interpretation-clarification of a clinical picture (etiopathogenesis of acute lung edema, for instance) with difficulties in cardiac assessment -Connective, through which it adds useful data, such as the percentage of left ventricular shortening and the stenotic valvular area and Attributive, where the echocardiography reigns supreme - and gives clinical power, inverting the above expression - such as detection of a vegetation in infectious endocarditis. </p>
      <p> To see the reality of "being a patient" individually, and of the healthcare team, collectively, is the mission of everyone who works with images and is concerned about the corporative self-image<sup>4</sup>.</p>
      <p>To eliminate any tendency towards Narcissus&#146; hyperinsufflation is the humanist motto applicable to all centers of formation of echocardiographers. </p>
      <p>
        <bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold>
      </p>
      <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
      </p>
      <p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Study Association</bold>
      </p>
      <p>This study is not associated with any graduation program.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>References</bold>
      </p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
