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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
        <publisher-loc>S&#227;o Paulo, SP, Brazil</publisher-loc>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">bny99wTdGDNFYzF4wm6w3RM</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00019</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2007000500019</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v1">S0066-782X(07)08800519</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1590/S0066-782X2007000500019</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Correla&#231;&#227;o Cl&#237;nico-Radiogr&#225;fica</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Caso 2/2007: crian&#231;a de dois anos com comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular e banda an&#244;mala de ventr&#237;culo direito</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Atik</surname>
            <given-names>Edmar</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff01"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff01">
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <institution content-type="orgname">USP</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">FM </institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas</institution>
      </aff>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>05</month>
        <year>2007</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>88</volume>
      <issue>5</issue>
      <fpage>620</fpage>
      <lpage>621</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>15</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2007</year>
      </pub-date>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>
      <bold>CORRELA&#199;&#195;O CL&#205;NICA-RADIOGR&#193;FICA</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Caso 2/2007 &#150; crian&#231;a de dois anos com comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular e banda an&#244;mala de ventr&#237;culo direito</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Edmar Atik</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o do Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas &#150; FMUSP &#150; S&#227;o Paulo, SP</p>
    <p>
      <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="end">Correspond&#234;ncia</xref>
    </p>
    <p><bold>Palavras-chave: </bold>Comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular, banda an&#244;mala de ventr&#237;culo direito.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Dados cl&#237;nicos</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Crian&#231;a de 2 anos de idade, do sexo masculino e de cor branca, apresentando sopro card&#237;aco auscultado em exame de rotina com 12 dias de vida. Desde ent&#227;o era notado cansa&#231;o &#224;s mamadas, que, no entanto, melhorou com o uso de digoxina. Ao exame f&#237;sico o paciente apresentava-se dispn&#233;ico +, acian&#243;tico, com pulsos normais, 10,3 kg de peso, 88 cm de altura, press&#227;o arterial de 91/69 - 75 mmHg e freq&#252;&#234;ncia card&#237;aca de 100 bpm. A aorta n&#227;o foi palpada na f&#250;rcula. No prec&#243;rdio, havia discretas impuls&#245;es na borda esternal esquerda e o <italic>ictus cordis</italic> estava localizado no 4&#186; espa&#231;o intercostal esquerdo, m&#250;sculo-valvar +, limitado por polpa digital. As bulhas eram hiperfon&#233;ticas, sendo a primeira mais intensa na &#225;rea tric&#250;spide. A segunda bulha era &#250;nica. Havia sopro sist&#243;lico ++, rude, no 2&#186;, no 3&#186; e no 4&#186; espa&#231;os intercostais esquerdos, holo, irradiado para a borda esternal direita. O f&#237;gado era palpado a 1 cm da reborda costal direita.</p>
    <p>O eletrocardiograma demonstrou ritmo sinusal e sinais de sobrecarga biventricular e de &#225;trio esquerdo. Havia ondas RS amplas de V2 a V5. A onda P era negativa em V1 e em V2. S&#194;P: +70&#186;, S&#194;QRS: +120&#186;, S&#194;T: +40&#186;.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Imagem radiogr&#225;fica</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Imagem demonstrando aumento da &#225;rea card&#237;aca &#224;s custas do &#225;trio direito e do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo. O arco m&#233;dio &#233; abaulado e a trama vascular pulmonar est&#225; aumentada (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig01">fig. 1</xref>).</p>
    <fig id="fig01">
      <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-88-05-0620-00019-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
    <p>
      <bold>Impress&#227;o diagn&#243;stica</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Essa imagem lembra a de uma comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular associada a comunica&#231;&#227;o interatrial em face do aumento do &#225;trio direito e do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Diagn&#243;stico diferencial</bold>
    </p>
    <p>A possibilidade de comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular alta associada &#224; banda an&#244;mala de ventr&#237;culo direito deve ser lembrada para explicar tais aumentos cavit&#225;rios. Cardiopatia do tipo canal arterial e cardiopatia com hipertens&#227;o pulmonar tamb&#233;m devem ser diferenciadas, em face do aumento do tronco pulmonar. Ademais, o defeito parcial do septo atrioventricular com comunica&#231;&#227;o interatrial e insufici&#234;ncia valvar mitral tamb&#233;m caberia como outra possibilidade diagn&#243;stica.</p>
    <p>
      <bold>Confirma&#231;&#227;o diagn&#243;stica</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Os elementos cl&#237;nicos eram indicativos de comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular, de repercuss&#227;o moderada. O ecocardiograma salientou a presen&#231;a da comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular trabecular muscular de 10 mm, com banda an&#244;mala de ventr&#237;culo direito e desvio posterior do septo interventricular com anel fibroso suba&#243;rtico (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig02">fig. 2</xref>). As medidas corresponderam a ventr&#237;culo direito de 20 mm, ventr&#237;culo esquerdo de 38 mm, &#225;trio esquerdo de 32 mm, aorta de 20 mm, septo de 4 mm, e parede posterior de 5 mm, com fra&#231;&#227;o de encurtamento da fibra mioc&#225;rdica de 39%. O cateterismo card&#237;aco revelou, por meio de angiografia, comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular alta e banda an&#244;mala de ventr&#237;culo direito (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig02">fig. 2</xref>). Os dados hemodin&#226;micos eram: &#225;trio direito, 5; ventr&#237;culo direito, 60/10; tronco pulmonar, 60/30 - 40; capilar pulmonar, 13; ventr&#237;culo esquerdo, 80/10; e aorta, 75/45 - 55 mmHg. O fluxo pulmonar era de 3,8 l/min/m<sup>2</sup> e o sist&#234;mico, de 1,5 l/min/m<sup>2</sup>, sendo a resist&#234;ncia pulmonar de 2,9 UW e a sist&#234;mica, de 13,5 UW.</p>
    <fig id="fig02">
      <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-88-05-0620-00019-gf02.jpg"/></fig>
    <p>
      <bold>Conduta</bold>
    </p>
    <p>&#192; opera&#231;&#227;o, a comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular era trabecular muscular alta de 10 mm e houve necessidade de ressec&#231;&#227;o de banda an&#244;mala na via de entrada de ventr&#237;culo direito, que obstru&#237;a a passagem para a via de sa&#237;da. A evolu&#231;&#227;o foi boa.</p>
    <p>
      <fn id="end" fn-type="corresp">
        <label>
          <bold>Correspond&#234;ncia:</bold>
        </label>
        <p> Edmar Atik </p>
        <p> InCor </p>
        <p> Av. Dr. En&#233;as C. de Aguiar, 44 </p>
        <p> 05403-000 &#150; S&#227;o Paulo, SP </p>
        <p> E-mail: </p>
        <p>
          <email xlink:href="conatik@incor.usp.br">conatik@incor.usp.br</email>
        </p>
      </fn>
    </p>
  </body>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Clinicalradiological Session</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title xml:lang="en">Case 2/2007: a two-year-old child with ventricular septal defect and right ventricular anomalous muscle bundle</article-title>
      </title-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>
        <bold>CLINICORADIOLOGICAL SESSION</bold>
      </p>
      <p>
        <bold>Case 2/2007 &#150; a two-year-old child with ventricular septal defect and right ventricular anomalous muscle bundle</bold>
      </p>
      <p>
        <bold>Edmar Atik</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o do Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas &#150; FMUSP &#150; S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil</p>
      <p>
        <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="end-body2">Mailing address</xref>
      </p>
      <p><bold>Key words: </bold>Ventricular septal defect, right ventricular anomalous muscle bundle.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Clinical data</bold>
      </p>
      <p>A two-year-old white male child in whom a heart murmur was detected in a routine examination when he was only 12 days old. Since then, it was noted that he tired during breast-feeding, a symptom that improved with digoxin. Physical examination showed dyspnea +, normal pulses, body weight 10.3 kg, body height 88 cm, blood pressure 91/69 - 75 mmHg, and heart rate 100 bpm. No cyanosis was observed. The aorta was not palpable in the suprasternal notch. Chest examination revealed mild impulses along the left sternal border and a valvular and muscular apical impulse ++ located at the 4<sup>th</sup> left intercostal space. Heart sounds were loud, and the first sound was more pronounced in the tricuspid area. The second sound was single. A harsh grade II holosystolic murmur was heard in the 2<sup>nd</sup>, 3<sup>rd</sup>, and 4<sup>th</sup> left intercostal spaces, irradiating to the right sternal border. The liver was palpable 1 cm from the right costal margin.</p>
      <p>The electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm and evidence of overload on both ventricles and the left atrium. There were broad RS waves from V2 to V5. P wave was negative in V1 and V2. P-axis:+70&#186; , QRS-axis:+120&#186;, T-axis:+40&#186;.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Radiographic examination</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Chest X-ray showing an enlarged cardiac silhouette due to the right atrium and left ventricle. The mid-arch is bulged, and the pulmonary vascularity is increased (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig01-body2">Figure 1</xref>).</p>
      <fig id="fig01-body2">
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-88-05-0620-00019-gf01-en.jpg"/></fig>
      <p>
        <bold>Diagnostic impression</bold>
      </p>
      <p>This image suggests the presence of combined ventricular and atrial septal defects, in view of the enlarged right atrium and left ventricle.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Differential diagnosis</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Such enlargements also suggest the possibility of high ventricular septal defect associated with anomalous right ventricular muscle bundle. Ductus arteriosus-like heart disease with pulmonary hypertension must also be considered when the pulmonary trunk is enlarged. Another possibility is partial atrioventricular septal defect coupled with atrial septal defect and valvular regurgitation.</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Diagnostic confirmation</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Clinical findings were consistent with ventricular septal defect with moderate repercussion. The echocardiogram revealed a 10-mm muscular (trabecular) VSD with anomalous right ventricular muscle bundle, in addition to posterior deviation of the interventricular septum and fibrous subaortic ring (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig02-body2">Figure 2</xref>). Measurements were the following: right ventricle 20 mm, left ventricle 38 mm, left atrium 32 mm, aorta 20 mm, septum 4 mm, posterior wall 5 mm, and myocardial fiber shortening fraction 39%. Angiographic images during cardiac catheterization revealed the presence of high ventricular septal defect and anomalous right ventricular muscle bundle (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="fig02-body2">Figure 2</xref>). Hemodynamic data were as follows: right atrium: 5, right ventricle: 60/10, pulmonary trunk: 60/30 - 40, pulmonary wedge pressure: 13, left ventricle: 80/10, aorta: 75/45 - 55 mm Hg. Pulmonary flow was 3.8 l/min/m<sup>2</sup> and systemic flow was 1.5 l/min/m<sup>2</sup>, pulmonary resistance was 2.9 UW and systemic resistance was 13.5 UW.</p>
      <fig id="fig02-body2">
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-88-05-0620-00019-gf02-en.jpg"/></fig>
      <p>
        <bold>Management</bold>
      </p>
      <p>During surgery, a high muscular ventricular septal defect measuring 10 mm in diameter was found. The anomalous right ventricular muscle bundle, obstructing the RV outflow tract, had to be resected. The patient evolved favorably.</p>
      <p>
        <fn id="end-body2" fn-type="corresp">
          <label>
            <bold>Mailing address:</bold>
          </label>
          <p> Edmar Atik</p>
          <p> InCor </p>
          <p> Av. Dr. En&#233;as C. de Aguiar, 44 </p>
          <p> 05403-000 &#150; S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil</p>
          <p> E-mail: </p>
          <p>
            <email xlink:href="conatik@incor.usp.br">conatik@incor.usp.br</email>
          </p>
        </fn>
      </p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
