<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="sps-1.9" article-type="reply" xml:lang="pt">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">d9sCWyYWYXZtcyFkb3cBK5N</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2026000604201</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">04201</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20260362</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Carta ao Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Resposta &#224; Carta ao Editor: "O Treinamento Resistido Tamb&#233;m Deve Ser Considerado um Componente Obrigat&#243;rio?"</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Rodrigues</surname>
            <given-names>Cibele Isaac Saad</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7584-4265</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Forjaz</surname>
            <given-names>Claudia Lucia de Moraes</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Bortolotto</surname>
            <given-names>Luiz Aparecido</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Nadruz</surname>
            <given-names>Wilson</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>4</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7040-396X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Brand&#227;o</surname>
            <given-names>Andr&#233;a A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
            <sup>5</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Pontif&#237;cia Universidade Cat&#243;lica de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas e da Sa&#250;de</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Pontif&#237;cia Universidade Cat&#243;lica de S&#227;o Paulo &#8211; Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas e da Sa&#250;de, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>2</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Escola de Educa&#231;&#227;o F&#237;sica e Esporte &#8211; Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Escola de Educa&#231;&#227;o F&#237;sica e Esporte &#8211; Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff3">
          <label>3</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o do Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Faculdade de Medicina</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o do Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff4">
          <label>4</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Estadual de Campinas</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Campinas</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff5">
          <label>5</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Rio de Janeiro</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><label>Correspond&#234;ncia:</label><bold>Andr&#233;a A. Brand&#227;o</bold> &#8226; Rua General Tasso Fragoso, 24 apt 503. CEP <postal-code>22470-170</postal-code>, Rio de Janeiro, RJ &#8211; Brasil E-mail: <email>andreaaraujobrandao@gmail.com</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>27</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="collection">
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>123</volume>
      <issue>6</issue>
      <elocation-id>e20260362</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>30</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>06</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>06</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xml:lang="en" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <related-article related-article-type="letter" id="r1" xlink:href="10.36660/abc.20250653" ext-link-type="doi"/>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Hipertens&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Treinamento Resistido</kwd>
        <kwd>Condicionamento F&#237;sico Humano</kwd>
        <kwd>Treino Aer&#243;bico</kwd>
        <kwd>Guia de Pr&#225;tica Cl&#237;nica</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="13"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>O treinamento resistido (TR) &#233;, sem d&#250;vida, um componente essencial de um programa de exerc&#237;cios abrangente para melhorar e manter o condicionamento f&#237;sico, a sa&#250;de global e a qualidade de vida. Exerc&#237;cios aer&#243;bicos, de resist&#234;ncia e de alongamento, realizados em conjunto regularmente, promovem benef&#237;cios fisiol&#243;gicos, motores, cognitivos e emocionais significativos, sendo recomendados para adultos e idosos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Embora, tanto o treinamento aer&#243;bico (TA) quanto o TR tenham impactos em diferentes dimens&#245;es da sa&#250;de, h&#225; evid&#234;ncias robustas e de alta qualidade de que o TR &#233; a modalidade de treinamento mais eficiente para melhorar a estrutura e a fun&#231;&#227;o muscular, sendo obrigat&#243;rio para a preven&#231;&#227;o e o tratamento de doen&#231;as musculoesquel&#233;ticas, o que o torna particularmente importante para idosos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Por outro lado, as evid&#234;ncias sobre os efeitos do TR em par&#226;metros e doen&#231;as cardiovasculares s&#227;o mais recentes e menos robustas.</p>
    <p>Especificamente em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; hipertens&#227;o, uma revis&#227;o guarda-chuva de Morita et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> concluiu que o TR foi t&#227;o eficaz quanto o TA para reduzir a press&#227;o arterial em pacientes com hipertens&#227;o. Esse achado, no entanto, n&#227;o &#233; consistente na literatura. Uma meta-revis&#227;o<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> conduzida pela Associa&#231;&#227;o Europeia de Cardiologia Preventiva e pelo Conselho de Hipertens&#227;o da Sociedade Europeia de Cardiologia concluiu que pacientes com hipertens&#227;o parecem se beneficiar mais do TA. O editorial do peri&#243;dico em que a revis&#227;o de Morita et al. foi publicada<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> apontou diversas limita&#231;&#245;es em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; conclus&#227;o da revis&#227;o. Os resultados dos estudos inclu&#237;dos na revis&#227;o apresentaram heterogeneidade extremamente alta (I<sup>2</sup> = 99,1%) e houve uma clara assimetria nos gr&#225;ficos de funil. Em conjunto, esses aspectos mostraram alta variabilidade na resposta da press&#227;o arterial ao TR, sugerindo vi&#233;s de publica&#231;&#227;o contra resultados nulos. Portanto, parece imprecisa a generaliza&#231;&#227;o de que o TR e o TA s&#227;o igualmente eficazes no tratamento da hipertens&#227;o em todos os subgrupos de pacientes e para qualquer protocolo de TR.</p>
    <p>Outro aspecto importante &#233; o fato de que a maioria dos estudos conduzidos com TR e pacientes com hipertens&#227;o avaliou a press&#227;o arterial aferida no consult&#243;rio.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> &#201; bem conhecido que a press&#227;o arterial ambulatorial de 24 horas se associa mais fortemente a danos em &#243;rg&#227;os mediados pela hipertens&#227;o e &#224; morbimortalidade cardiovascular do que a press&#227;o arterial aferida no consult&#243;rio.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> A press&#227;o arterial ambulatorial de 24 horas tamb&#233;m &#233; considerada o m&#233;todo mais confi&#225;vel para monitorar os efeitos do tratamento anti-hipertensivo.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> Uma metan&#225;lise que avaliou especificamente os efeitos do treinamento na press&#227;o arterial ambulatorial de 24 horas encontrou apenas tr&#234;s ensaios cl&#237;nicos randomizados controlados de boa qualidade com TR din&#226;mico e concluiu que o TR n&#227;o alterou a press&#227;o arterial ambulatorial de 24 horas em pacientes com hipertens&#227;o.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Finalmente, os estudos sobre TR s&#227;o principalmente de curta dura&#231;&#227;o, n&#227;o permitindo a avalia&#231;&#227;o da ades&#227;o ao tratamento e da sustentabilidade do efeito hipotensor, que s&#227;o essenciais para o sucesso do tratamento.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Al&#233;m disso, a seguran&#231;a do TR n&#227;o foi suficientemente estudada, especialmente para subgrupos de pacientes com hipertens&#227;o que podem apresentar les&#227;o de &#243;rg&#227;os-alvo, risco de aneurisma e outros fatores de risco. Mais uma vez, parece inadequada uma recomenda&#231;&#227;o geral de TR na hipertens&#227;o sem conhecimento consistente sobre esses aspectos.</p>
    <p>Portanto, com base nas limita&#231;&#245;es das revis&#245;es, na falta de efeito comprovado do TR na press&#227;o arterial ambulatorial de 24 horas, na escassa literatura sobre seus poss&#237;veis efeitos adversos e manuten&#231;&#227;o dos benef&#237;cios a longo prazo, as evid&#234;ncias cient&#237;ficas foram consideradas insuficientes para incluir o TR como terapia obrigat&#243;ria na hipertens&#227;o. No entanto, os importantes benef&#237;cios do TR para a sa&#250;de global e a qualidade de vida foram reconhecidos na Diretriz Brasileira de Hipertens&#227;o Arterial &#8211; 2025, que recomenda TA complementada por TR para pacientes com hipertens&#227;o (Tabela 6.3),<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref></sup> bem como fornece recomenda&#231;&#245;es para programas de TR na hipertens&#227;o.</p>
    <p>Em conclus&#227;o, em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; pergunta "O treinamento resistido tamb&#233;m deve ser considerado um componente obrigat&#243;rio?", para hipertens&#227;o, a resposta &#233; "ainda n&#227;o".</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>Refer&#234;ncias</title>
      <ref id="B1">
        <label>1</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="book">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <collab>American College of Sports Medicine</collab>
          </person-group>
          <source>ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription</source>
          <edition>12th ed</edition>
          <publisher-loc>Philadelphia</publisher-loc>
          <publisher-name>Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins</publisher-name>
          <year>2025</year>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>1 American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. 12th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins; 2025.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B2">
        <label>2</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Garber</surname>
              <given-names>CE</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Blissmer</surname>
              <given-names>B</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Deschenes</surname>
              <given-names>MR</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Franklin</surname>
              <given-names>BA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Lamonte</surname>
              <given-names>MJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Lee</surname>
              <given-names>IM</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
            <collab>American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand</collab>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Quantity and Quality of Exercise for Developing and Maintaining Cardiorespiratory, Musculoskeletal, and Neuromotor Fitness in Apparently Healthy Adults: Guidance for Prescribing Exercise</article-title>
          <source>Med Sci Sports Exerc</source>
          <year>2011</year>
          <volume>43</volume>
          <issue>7</issue>
          <fpage>1334</fpage>
          <lpage>1359</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1249/MSS.0b013e318213fefb</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>2 Garber CE, Blissmer B, Deschenes MR, Franklin BA, Lamonte MJ, Lee IM, et al. American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand. Quantity and Quality of Exercise for Developing and Maintaining Cardiorespiratory, Musculoskeletal, and Neuromotor Fitness in Apparently Healthy Adults: Guidance for Prescribing Exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2011;43(7):1334-59. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318213fefb.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B3">
        <label>3</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Mcleod</surname>
              <given-names>JC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Currier</surname>
              <given-names>BS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Lowisz</surname>
              <given-names>CV</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Phillips</surname>
              <given-names>SM</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>The Influence of Resistance Exercise Training Prescription Variables on Skeletal Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Function in Healthy Adults: An Umbrella Review</article-title>
          <source>J Sport Health Sci</source>
          <year>2024</year>
          <volume>13</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <fpage>47</fpage>
          <lpage>60</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.jshs.2023.06.005</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>3 Mcleod JC, Currier BS, Lowisz CV, Phillips SM. The Influence of Resistance Exercise Training Prescription Variables on Skeletal Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Function in Healthy Adults: An Umbrella Review. J Sport Health Sci. 2024;13(1):47-60. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.06.005.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B4">
        <label>4</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <collab>American College of Sports Medicine</collab>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand. Progression Models in Resistance Training for Healthy Adults</article-title>
          <source>Med Sci Sports Exerc</source>
          <year>2009</year>
          <volume>41</volume>
          <issue>3</issue>
          <fpage>687</fpage>
          <lpage>708</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181915670</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>4 American College of Sports Medicine. American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand. Progression Models in Resistance Training for Healthy Adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009;41(3):687-708. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181915670.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B5">
        <label>5</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Morita</surname>
              <given-names>H</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Abe</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Suematsu</surname>
              <given-names>Y</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Uehara</surname>
              <given-names>Y</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Koyoshi</surname>
              <given-names>R</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Fujimi</surname>
              <given-names>K</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Resistance Exercise Has an Antihypertensive Effect Comparable to that of Aerobic Exercise in Hypertensive Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials</article-title>
          <source>Hypertens Res</source>
          <year>2025</year>
          <volume>48</volume>
          <issue>2</issue>
          <fpage>733</fpage>
          <lpage>743</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1038/s41440-024-01998-9</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>5 Morita H, Abe M, Suematsu Y, Uehara Y, Koyoshi R, Fujimi K, et al. Resistance Exercise Has an Antihypertensive Effect Comparable to that of Aerobic Exercise in Hypertensive Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Hypertens Res. 2025;48(2):733-43. doi: 10.1038/s41440-024-01998-9.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B6">
        <label>6</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Hanssen</surname>
              <given-names>H</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Boardman</surname>
              <given-names>H</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Deiseroth</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Moholdt</surname>
              <given-names>T</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Simonenko</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kr&#228;nkel</surname>
              <given-names>N</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Personalized Exercise Prescription in the Prevention and Treatment of Arterial Hypertension: A Consensus Document from the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC) and the ESC Council on Hypertension</article-title>
          <source>Eur J Prev Cardiol</source>
          <year>2022</year>
          <volume>29</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <fpage>205</fpage>
          <lpage>215</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/eurjpc/zwaa141</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>6 Hanssen H, Boardman H, Deiseroth A, Moholdt T, Simonenko M, Kr&#228;nkel N, et al. Personalized Exercise Prescription in the Prevention and Treatment of Arterial Hypertension: A Consensus Document from the European Association of Preventive Cardiology (EAPC) and the ESC Council on Hypertension. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2022;29(1):205-15. doi: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwaa141.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B7">
        <label>7</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Kobayashi</surname>
              <given-names>H</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Resistance Exercise and Hypertension: Comparable Benefits to Aerobic Exercise?</article-title>
          <source>Hypertens Res</source>
          <year>2025</year>
          <volume>48</volume>
          <issue>3</issue>
          <fpage>1236</fpage>
          <lpage>1238</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1038/s41440-024-02076-w</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>7 Kobayashi H. Resistance Exercise and Hypertension: Comparable Benefits to Aerobic Exercise? Hypertens Res. 2025;48(3):1236-8. doi: 10.1038/s41440-024-02076-w.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B8">
        <label>8</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Zuin</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mazza</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Maloberti</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Tognola</surname>
              <given-names>C</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Desideri</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Borghi</surname>
              <given-names>C</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Arterial Hypertension</article-title>
          <source>Intern Emerg Med</source>
          <year>2026</year>
          <volume>21</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <fpage>35</fpage>
          <lpage>45</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1007/s11739-025-04139-3</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>8 Zuin M, Mazza A, Maloberti A, Tognola C, Desideri G, Borghi C, et al. Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Arterial Hypertension. Intern Emerg Med. 2026;21(1):35-45. doi: 10.1007/s11739-025-04139-3.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B9">
        <label>9</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Soleimani</surname>
              <given-names>H</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mohammadi</surname>
              <given-names>NSH</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Namin</surname>
              <given-names>SM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Nasrollahizadeh</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Azardar</surname>
              <given-names>T</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Najafi</surname>
              <given-names>K</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Predictive Accuracy of 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring versus Clinic Blood Pressure for Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</article-title>
          <source>Curr Hypertens Rev</source>
          <year>2025</year>
          <volume>21</volume>
          <issue>2</issue>
          <fpage>102</fpage>
          <lpage>116</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.2174/0115734021337639250203175636</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>9 Soleimani H, Mohammadi NSH, Namin SM, Nasrollahizadeh A, Azardar T, Najafi K, et al. Predictive Accuracy of 24-Hour Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring versus Clinic Blood Pressure for Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Curr Hypertens Rev. 2025;21(2):102-16. doi: 10.2174/0115734021337639250203175636.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B10">
        <label>10</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Fouad</surname>
              <given-names>DA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Al Araby</surname>
              <given-names>HH</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Ashraf</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>El-Kousy</surname>
              <given-names>AE</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Comparison between Central and Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurements in Early Detection of end Organ Damage: A Single-Center Prospective Non-Randomized Controlled Trial</article-title>
          <source>Egypt Heart J</source>
          <year>2019</year>
          <volume>71</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <fpage>14</fpage>
          <lpage>14</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/s43044-019-0013-3</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>10 Fouad DA, Al Araby HH, Ashraf M, El-Kousy AE. Comparison between Central and Ambulatory Blood Pressure Measurements in Early Detection of end Organ Damage: A Single-Center Prospective Non-Randomized Controlled Trial. Egypt Heart J. 2019;71(1):14. doi: 10.1186/s43044-019-0013-3.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B11">
        <label>11</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Feitosa</surname>
              <given-names>ADM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Barroso</surname>
              <given-names>WKS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mion</surname>
              <given-names>D</given-names>
              <suffix>Jr</suffix>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Nobre</surname>
              <given-names>F</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mota-Gomes</surname>
              <given-names>MA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Jardim</surname>
              <given-names>PCBV</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Brazilian Guidelines for In-Office and Out-of-Office Blood Pressure Measurement - 2023</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2024</year>
          <volume>121</volume>
          <issue>4</issue>
          <elocation-id>e20240113</elocation-id>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20240113</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>11 Feitosa ADM, Barroso WKS, Mion D Jr, Nobre F, Mota-Gomes MA, Jardim PCBV, et al. Brazilian Guidelines for In-Office and Out-of-Office Blood Pressure Measurement - 2023. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2024;121(4):e20240113. doi: 10.36660/abc.20240113.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B12">
        <label>12</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Saco-Ledo</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Valenzuela</surname>
              <given-names>PL</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Ruiz-Hurtado</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Ruilope</surname>
              <given-names>LM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Lucia</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Exercise Reduces Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Patients with Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials</article-title>
          <source>J Am Heart Assoc</source>
          <year>2020</year>
          <volume>9</volume>
          <issue>24</issue>
          <elocation-id>e018487</elocation-id>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1161/JAHA.120.018487</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>12 Saco-Ledo G, Valenzuela PL, Ruiz-Hurtado G, Ruilope LM, Lucia A. Exercise Reduces Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Patients with Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9(24):e018487. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.018487.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B13">
        <label>13</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Brand&#227;o</surname>
              <given-names>AA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Rodrigues</surname>
              <given-names>CIS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Bortolotto</surname>
              <given-names>LA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Armstrong</surname>
              <given-names>AC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mulinari</surname>
              <given-names>RA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Feitosa</surname>
              <given-names>ADM</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Diretriz Brasileira de Hipertens&#227;o Arterial - 2025</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2025</year>
          <volume>122</volume>
          <issue>9</issue>
          <elocation-id>e20250624</elocation-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>13 Brand&#227;o AA, Rodrigues CIS, Bortolotto LA, Armstrong AC, Mulinari RA, Feitosa ADM, et al. Diretriz Brasileira de Hipertens&#227;o Arterial - 2025. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2025;122(9):e20250624.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S1" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20260362i</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Letter to the Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Reply to the Letter to the Editor: "Should Resistance Training Also Be Considered a Mandatory Component?"</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Rodrigues</surname>
            <given-names>Cibele Isaac Saad</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7584-4265</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Forjaz</surname>
            <given-names>Claudia Lucia de Moraes</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Bortolotto</surname>
            <given-names>Luiz Aparecido</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Nadruz</surname>
            <given-names>Wilson</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">
            <sup>4</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7040-396X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Brand&#227;o</surname>
            <given-names>Andr&#233;a A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">
            <sup>5</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff6">
          <label>1</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Pontif&#237;cia Universidade Cat&#243;lica de S&#227;o Paulo &#8211; Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas e da Sa&#250;de, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff7">
          <label>2</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Escola de Educa&#231;&#227;o F&#237;sica e Esporte &#8211; Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff8">
          <label>3</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o do Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff9">
          <label>4</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Campinas</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff10">
          <label>5</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Rio de Janeiro</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><label>Mailing Address:</label><bold>Andr&#233;a A. Brand&#227;o</bold> &#8226; Rua General Tasso Fragoso, 24 apt 503. Postal Code <postal-code>22470-170</postal-code>, Rio de Janeiro, RJ &#8211; Brazil E-mail: <email>andreaaraujobrandao@gmail.com</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Hypertension</kwd>
        <kwd>Resistance Training</kwd>
        <kwd>Physical Conditioning Human</kwd>
        <kwd>Endurance Training</kwd>
        <kwd>Practice Guideline</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Resistance training (RT) is undoubtedly an essential component of a comprehensive exercise program for improving and maintaining physical fitness, global health, and quality of life. Aerobic, resistance, and stretching exercises performed together on a regular basis promote significant physiological, motor, cognitive, and emotional benefits and are recommended for adults and older adults.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Although both aerobic training (AT) and RT have impacts on different health dimensions, there is high quality, robust evidence that RT is the most efficient mode of training for improving muscle structure and function, and it is mandatory for prevention and treatment of musculoskeletal diseases, making it particularly important for older adults.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> On the other hand, evidence about the effects of RT on cardiovascular parameters and diseases is more recent and less robust.</p>
      <p>Specifically concerning hypertension, a recent umbrella review from Morita et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> concluded that "RT was as effective as aerobic training for reducing blood pressure in hypertension." This finding, however, is not consistent in the literature. A meta-review<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> conducted by the European Association of Preventive Cardiology and the ESC Council on Hypertension concluded that "Patients with hypertension seem to benefit most from AT." The editorial of the journal in which the review by Morita et al. was published<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> pointed out several limitations regarding the review's conclusion. The results of the studies included in their review presented extremely high heterogeneity (I<sup>2</sup> = 99.1%), and there was a clear asymmetry in the funnel plots. Together, these aspects show high variability in blood pressure response to RT and suggest publication bias against null results. Therefore, the generalization that RT and AT are equally effective in hypertension treatment across all patient subsets and RT protocols seems imprecise.</p>
      <p>Another important aspect is the fact that most of the studies conducted with RT and patients with hypertension have evaluated office blood pressure.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> It is well known that 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure is more strongly associated with hypertension-mediated organ damage and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality than office blood pressure.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> Additionally, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure is considered the most reliable method for monitoring the effects of anti-hypertensive treatment.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> A meta-analysis that specifically evaluated the training effects on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure found only three good quality randomized controlled trials with dynamic RT and concluded that RT did not change 24-hour blood pressure in hypertension.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Finally, studies regarding RT are mainly of short duration, not allowing evaluation of adherence to treatment and sustainability of the blood pressure lowering effect, which are essential for successful treatment.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> In addition, safety of RT has not been sufficiently studied, especially for subsets of patients with hypertension who may present target-organ damage, risk of aneurysm, and other risk factors. Once again, a general recommendation of RT in hypertension without consistent knowledge regarding these aspects seems inappropriate.</p>
      <p>Therefore, based on the limitations of the reviews, the lack of proven effect of RT on 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure, the scarce literature regarding its possible adverse effects and long-term maintenance of benefits, the scientific evidence was considered insufficient to include RT as a mandatory therapy in hypertension. Nevertheless, the important benefits of RT for global health and quality of life were recognized in the Brazilian Guidelines of Hypertension &#8211; 2025, which recommend AT complemented by RT for patients with hypertension (Table 6.3)<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref></sup> and also provide recommendations for RT programs in hypertension.</p>
      <p>In conclusion, regarding the question "Should resistance training also be considered a mandatory component?", for hypertension, the answer is "not yet."</p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
