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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">6Vr4V8T58XhGjNcrDHZcRPx</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2026000101003</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20260022</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">01003</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Reconsiderando o Escore CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc para Estratifica&#231;&#227;o de Risco de N&#227;o-Refluxo ap&#243;s Interven&#231;&#227;o Coron&#225;ria Percut&#226;nea</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-9165-7566</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Sahin</surname>
            <given-names>Irfan</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Deniz</surname>
            <given-names>Muhammed Furkan</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Istambul</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="TR">Turquia</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istambul &#8211; Turquia</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><label>Correspond&#234;ncia:</label> Irfan Sahin &#8226; Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital. Gen&#231;osman, Mustafa Ya&#351;ar Cd. No:5-7. CEP <postal-code>34165</postal-code>, G&#252;ng&#246;ren, &#304;stanbul &#8211; Turquia E-mail: <email>dr.irfansahin@gmail.com</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>16</day>
        <month>03</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>01</month>
        <year>2026</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>123</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <elocation-id>e20260022</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>11</day>
          <month>01</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>28</day>
          <month>01</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>28</day>
          <month>01</month>
          <year>2026</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Interven&#231;&#227;o Coron&#225;ria Percut&#226;nea</kwd>
        <kwd>Complica&#231;&#245;es P&#243;s-Operat&#243;rias</kwd>
        <kwd>Fen&#244;meno de n&#227;o Refluxo</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="13"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>O fen&#244;meno de n&#227;o-refluxo continua sendo uma das complica&#231;&#245;es mais complexas e clinicamente desafiadoras da interven&#231;&#227;o coron&#225;ria percut&#226;nea (ICP).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> Embora t&#233;cnicas avan&#231;adas de imagem, novas tecnologias de stents e terapias farmacol&#243;gicas contempor&#226;neas sejam amplamente utilizadas hoje em dia, ainda n&#227;o existe um sistema de pontua&#231;&#227;o universalmente aceito capaz de prever de forma confi&#225;vel o n&#227;o-refluxo antes ou durante o procedimento. Essa lacuna continua sendo uma importante necessidade cl&#237;nica n&#227;o atendida.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Nesse contexto, a revis&#227;o sistem&#225;tica e meta-an&#225;lise apresentada por Ozbay et al. contribui significativamente para a literatura existente ao abordar a associa&#231;&#227;o entre o escore CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc e a ocorr&#234;ncia de n&#227;o-refluxo ap&#243;s ICP.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Ao sintetizar dados de dez estudos observacionais envolvendo mais de 6.500 pacientes, os autores demonstraram uma associa&#231;&#227;o significativa e consistente entre escores CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc mais altos e uma maior probabilidade de n&#227;o-refluxo. Esses achados sugerem que observa&#231;&#245;es relatadas anteriormente em estudos de centro &#250;nico com tamanhos de amostra relativamente pequenos s&#227;o confirmadas em uma popula&#231;&#227;o maior dentro de uma abordagem metodol&#243;gica mais robusta.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup></p>
    <p>O papel potencial do escore CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc na previs&#227;o de n&#227;o-refluxo &#233; apoiado n&#227;o apenas por associa&#231;&#245;es estat&#237;sticas, mas tamb&#233;m por forte concord&#226;ncia fisiopatol&#243;gica. O escore incorpora componentes como idade avan&#231;ada, hipertens&#227;o, diabetes mellitus, insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca congestiva, doen&#231;a vascular, acidente vascular cerebral pr&#233;vio e sexo feminino. Todas essas caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas est&#227;o intimamente ligadas &#224; disfun&#231;&#227;o endotelial, inflama&#231;&#227;o cr&#244;nica, aumento da tend&#234;ncia tromb&#243;tica e doen&#231;a microvascular.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup> Considerando que a emboliza&#231;&#227;o distal, a obstru&#231;&#227;o microvascular, a vasoconstri&#231;&#227;o e a les&#227;o de reperfus&#227;o s&#227;o mecanismos-chave envolvidos na patog&#234;nese do fen&#244;meno de n&#227;o-refluxo, o escore CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc pode servir como um substituto cl&#237;nico abrangente que reflete esses processos subjacentes.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> Portanto, o uso desse escore no contexto do n&#227;o-refluxo p&#243;s-ICP deve ser visto n&#227;o como uma extens&#227;o incidental, mas como um reposicionamento biologicamente significativo.</p>
    <p>Um dos pontos fortes not&#225;veis da meta-an&#225;lise &#233; a consist&#234;ncia geral dos resultados em diferentes subgrupos cl&#237;nicos. Apesar de um alto grau de heterogeneidade, a manuten&#231;&#227;o da dire&#231;&#227;o do efeito nas an&#225;lises de sensibilidade e nas m&#250;ltiplas avalia&#231;&#245;es de subgrupos sugere que a associa&#231;&#227;o observada reflete um padr&#227;o sistem&#225;tico, em vez de um achado fortuito.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> An&#225;lises de subgrupos limitadas a pacientes com infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAMCSST) tamb&#233;m demonstraram uma associa&#231;&#227;o persistente e significativa entre o escore CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc e o n&#227;o-refluxo.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Al&#233;m disso, a redu&#231;&#227;o da heterogeneidade e a manuten&#231;&#227;o da signific&#226;ncia estat&#237;stica ap&#243;s a exclus&#227;o de estudos que relataram tamanhos de efeito extremos refor&#231;am ainda mais a robustez das descobertas.</p>
    <p>Embora os dados sobre pacientes com infarto do mioc&#225;rdio sem supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAMSSST) fossem mais limitados, as evid&#234;ncias dispon&#237;veis mostraram uma tend&#234;ncia consistente com os resultados gerais da meta-an&#225;lise. Estudos que demonstram uma associa&#231;&#227;o entre o escore CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc e o fen&#244;meno de n&#227;o-refluxo em popula&#231;&#245;es com IAMSSST requerem interpreta&#231;&#227;o cautelosa devido ao tamanho reduzido das amostras e &#224; natureza observacional dos dados. Essas descobertas apoiam a interpreta&#231;&#227;o de que o escore CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc pode servir como um marcador de risco em diferentes apresenta&#231;&#245;es cl&#237;nicas dentro do espectro da s&#237;ndrome coronariana aguda.</p>
    <p>No entanto, uma interpreta&#231;&#227;o cuidadosa dessas descobertas &#233; necess&#225;ria. A natureza observacional de todos os estudos inclu&#237;dos torna a an&#225;lise suscet&#237;vel a fatores de confus&#227;o residuais e n&#227;o mensurados. Vari&#225;veis como t&#233;cnicas de procedimento, experi&#234;ncia do operador, carga tromb&#243;tica, morfologia da les&#227;o, terapias farmacol&#243;gicas adjuvantes e estrat&#233;gias destinadas a reduzir a microemboliza&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o foram relatadas de forma uniforme entre os estudos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Al&#233;m disso, varia&#231;&#245;es na defini&#231;&#227;o de n&#227;o-refluxo e diferen&#231;as nas abordagens de modelagem estat&#237;stica representam importantes fontes de heterogeneidade.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref></sup> A presen&#231;a de vi&#233;s de publica&#231;&#227;o e efeitos de pequenos estudos tamb&#233;m n&#227;o pode ser totalmente exclu&#237;da.</p>
    <p>&#192; luz dessas limita&#231;&#245;es, fica claro que o escore CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc n&#227;o deve ser considerado um determinante independente ou uma ferramenta de tomada de decis&#227;o para o n&#227;o-refluxo. Em vez disso, deve ser considerado um indicador cl&#237;nico pr&#225;tico que reflete a carga cumulativa de risco vascular e a suscetibilidade &#224; les&#227;o microvascular. Nesse contexto, o escore CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc surge como uma ferramenta adequada para o enriquecimento de risco, em vez de um teste diagn&#243;stico.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Do ponto de vista cl&#237;nico, em pacientes com escores CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc mais elevados, o escore pode servir como um sinal de alerta precoce, incentivando um planejamento de procedimento mais meticuloso, a implementa&#231;&#227;o de estrat&#233;gias para minimizar a emboliza&#231;&#227;o distal e um monitoramento p&#243;s-procedimento mais rigoroso.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Estudos futuros devem investigar se a integra&#231;&#227;o de escores cl&#237;nicos, como o CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc, com achados angiogr&#225;ficos, vari&#225;veis do procedimento e biomarcadores inflamat&#243;rios ou tromb&#243;ticos pode melhorar ainda mais a previs&#227;o de n&#227;o-refluxo.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Mais importante, s&#227;o necess&#225;rios estudos prospectivos randomizados bem delineados para determinar se esses modelos de risco integrados se traduzem n&#227;o apenas em maior precis&#227;o preditiva, mas tamb&#233;m em melhores resultados cl&#237;nicos.</p>
    <p>Em conclus&#227;o, a meta-an&#225;lise de Ozbay et al. demonstra uma associa&#231;&#227;o significativa e consistente entre o escore CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc e o desenvolvimento de n&#227;o-refluxo ap&#243;s ICP.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Essa descoberta refor&#231;a ainda mais a estreita rela&#231;&#227;o entre o risco vascular sist&#234;mico e a les&#227;o microvascular e sugere que o escore CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc pode ajudar a identificar pacientes com maior risco de n&#227;o-refluxo ap&#243;s ICP. Dada a etiologia multifatorial do n&#227;o-refluxo e sua associa&#231;&#227;o com desfechos cl&#237;nicos graves, o escore CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc pode representar uma ferramenta &#250;til para identificar pacientes de alto risco.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other" id="fn1">
        <label>Minieditorial referente ao artigo:</label>
        <p>Associa&#231;&#227;o do Escore CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc com o Fen&#244;meno de N&#227;o-Refluxo ap&#243;s Interven&#231;&#227;o Coron&#225;ria Percut&#226;nea: Uma Revis&#227;o Sistem&#225;tica e Metan&#225;lise</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
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  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S1" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20260022i</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Reconsidering the CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc Score for No-Reflow Risk Stratification after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-9165-7566</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Sahin</surname>
            <given-names>Irfan</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Deniz</surname>
            <given-names>Muhammed Furkan</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>2</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Istambul</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="TR">Turkey</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Istambul &#8211; Turkey</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><label>Mailing Address:</label><bold>Irfan Sahin &#8226;</bold> Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital. Gen&#231;osman, Mustafa Ya&#351;ar Cd. No:5-7. Postal Code <postal-code>34165</postal-code>, G&#252;ng&#246;ren, &#304;stanbul &#8211; Turkey E-mail: <email>dr.irfansahin@gmail.com</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Percutaneous Coronary Intervention</kwd>
        <kwd>Postoperative Complications</kwd>
        <kwd>No-Reflow Phenomenon</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>The no-reflow phenomenon remains one of the most complex and clinically challenging complications of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> Although advanced imaging techniques, novel stent technologies, and contemporary pharmacological therapies are widely used today, there is still no universally accepted scoring system capable of reliably predicting no-reflow either before or during the procedure. This gap remains an important unmet clinical need.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup></p>
      <p>In this context, the systematic review and meta-analysis presented by Ozbay et al. make a significant contribution to the existing literature by addressing the association between the CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc score and the occurrence of no-reflow after PCI.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> By synthesizing data from ten observational studies involving more than 6,500 patients, the authors demonstrated a significant and consistent association between higher CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc scores and an increased likelihood of no-reflow. These findings suggest that observations previously reported in single-center studies with relatively small sample sizes are confirmed in a larger population within a more robust methodological approach.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup></p>
      <p>The potential role of the CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc score in predicting no-reflow is supported not only by statistical associations but also by strong pathophysiological concordance. The score incorporates components such as advanced age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure, vascular disease, prior stroke, and female sex. All of these clinical characteristics are closely linked to endothelial dysfunction, chronic inflammation, increased thrombotic tendency, and microvascular disease.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup> Considering that distal embolization, microvascular obstruction, vasoconstriction, and reperfusion injury are key mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of no-reflow, the CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc score may serve as a comprehensive clinical surrogate reflecting these underlying processes.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> Therefore, the use of this score in the context of post-PCI no-reflow should be viewed not as an incidental extension but as a biologically meaningful repositioning.</p>
      <p>One of the notable strengths of the meta-analysis is the overall consistency of results across different clinical subgroups. Despite a high degree of heterogeneity, the maintenance of effect direction in sensitivity analyses and multiple subgroup evaluations suggests that the observed association reflects a systematic pattern rather than a chance finding.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Subgroup analyses limited to patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) also demonstrated a persistent and significant association between the CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc score and no-reflow.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Furthermore, the reduction in heterogeneity and maintenance of statistical significance after exclusion of studies reporting extreme effect sizes further support the robustness of the findings.</p>
      <p>Although data on patients with non&#8211;ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) were more limited, the available evidence showed a trend consistent with the overall results of the meta-analysis. Studies demonstrating an association between the CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc score and no-reflow in NSTEMI populations require cautious interpretation because of smaller sample sizes and the observational nature of the data. These findings support the interpretation that the CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc score may serve as a risk marker across different clinical presentations within the acute coronary syndrome spectrum.</p>
      <p>Nevertheless, careful interpretation of these findings is warranted. The observational nature of all included studies renders the analysis susceptible to residual and unmeasured confounding. Variables such as procedural techniques, operator experience, thrombus burden, lesion morphology, adjunctive pharmacological therapies, and strategies aimed at reducing microembolization were not uniformly reported across studies.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> In addition, variations in the definition of no-reflow and differences in statistical modeling approaches represent important sources of heterogeneity.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref></sup> The presence of publication bias and small-study effects also cannot be entirely excluded.</p>
      <p>In light of these limitations, it is clear that the CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc score should not be regarded as an independent determinant or a decision-making tool for no-reflow. Rather, it should be considered a practical clinical indicator reflecting cumulative vascular risk burden and susceptibility to microvascular injury. In this context, the CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc score emerges as a tool suitable for risk enrichment rather than a diagnostic test.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup></p>
      <p>From a clinical perspective, in patients with higher CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc scores, the score may serve as an early warning signal prompting more meticulous procedural planning, implementation of strategies to minimize distal embolization, and closer post-procedural monitoring.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Future studies should investigate whether integrating clinical scores such as CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc with angiographic findings, procedural variables, and inflammatory or thrombotic biomarkers can further improve the prediction of no-reflow.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> More importantly, well-designed prospective randomized studies are needed to determine whether such integrated risk models translate not only into improved predictive accuracy but also into better clinical outcomes.</p>
      <p>In conclusion, the meta-analysis by Ozbay et al. demonstrates a significant and consistent association between the CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc score and the development of no-reflow after PCI.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> This finding further underscores the close relationship between systemic vascular risk and microvascular injury and suggests that the CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc score may help identify patients at increased risk of no-reflow following PCI. Given the multifactorial etiology of no-reflow and its association with serious clinical outcomes, the CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc score may represent a useful tool for identifying high-risk patients.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other" id="fn2">
          <label>Short Editorial related to the article:</label>
          <p>Association of CHA<sub>2</sub>DS<sub>2</sub>-VASc Score with No-Reflow Phenomenon after PCI: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
