<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="letter" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="sps-1.9" xml:lang="pt">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">kNSjHnjWH7TJQsShnCcc7sw</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2025000700902</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00902</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20250248</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20250248</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Carta ao Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Preditores de Recorr&#234;ncia de Taquiarritmia Atrial ap&#243;s Abla&#231;&#227;o por Cateter: Impacto Socioecon&#244;mico em Pa&#237;ses de Baixa e M&#233;dia Renda</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6053-5523</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Shawki</surname>
            <given-names>Marwan</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-2302-5588</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Rodrigues</surname>
            <given-names>Thalys Sampaio</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Quarto</surname>
            <given-names>Levindo Jose Garcia</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Austin Health</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Department of Cardiology</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Melbourne</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">Victoria</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="AU">Austr&#225;lia</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria &#8211; Austr&#225;lia</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>2</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">University of Melbourne</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Dentistry and Health Sciences</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Faculty of Medicine</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Melbourne</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">Victoria</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="AU">Austr&#225;lia</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria &#8211; Austr&#225;lia</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff3">
          <label>3</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">St Elizabeth Hospital</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Department of Cardiology</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Boston</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">MA</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="US">EUA</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Department of Cardiology, St Elizabeth Hospital, Boston, MA &#8211; EUA</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><label>Correspond&#234;ncia:</label><bold>Marwan Shawki</bold> &#8226; Department of Cardiology, Austin Health - 145 Studley Rd, Heidelberg, VIC <postal-code>3084</postal-code> Austr&#225;lia E-mail: <email>marwan.shawki@unimelb.edu.au</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>25</day>
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>122</volume>
      <issue>7</issue>
      <elocation-id>e20250248</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>07</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>14</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>14</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Disparidades Socioecon&#244;micas em Sa&#250;de</kwd>
        <kwd>Abla&#231;&#227;o por Cateter</kwd>
        <kwd>Fibrila&#231;&#227;o</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="10"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>
      <bold>Ao Editor,</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Lemos com grande interesse o artigo de Ternes et al., recentemente publicado nos Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, juntamente com seu editorial elucidativo.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> Este estudo prospectivo, multic&#234;ntrico, do tipo coorte, realizado com pacientes consecutivos em tr&#234;s centros no Brasil, forneceu informa&#231;&#245;es valiosas sobre os preditores de recorr&#234;ncia de arritmia atrial ap&#243;s primeira abla&#231;&#227;o por cateter. O estudo destacou o contexto cl&#237;nico em um pa&#237;s de renda m&#233;dia e relatou desfechos semelhantes aos de pa&#237;ses de alta renda. No entanto, os resultados devem ser interpretados com cautela, e alguns pontos merecem mais discuss&#227;o.</p>
    <p>Primeiramente, fatores socioecon&#244;micos desempenham um papel importante no acesso dos pacientes &#224; abla&#231;&#227;o por cateter e influenciam os desfechos gerais.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Est&#225; bem documentado que, em compara&#231;&#227;o a pa&#237;ses de alta renda, os pacientes com fibrila&#231;&#227;o atrial (FA) apresentam piores desfechos em pa&#237;ses de baixa e m&#233;dia renda, em termos de mortalidade, anos de vida perdidos e anos de vida ajustados por incapacidade.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> Um dado interessante &#233; que, mesmo em pa&#237;ses de alta renda, parece haver diferen&#231;a nos desfechos da abla&#231;&#227;o de FA com base nas faixas de renda.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Acreditamos que os resultados atuais reflitam a pr&#225;tica privada do sul do Brasil, e que as infer&#234;ncias sobre os desfechos de um pa&#237;s de renda m&#233;dia devam ser interpretadas nesse contexto. Um maior esclarecimento sobre os caminhos de encaminhamento para esses centros privados bem como o perfil socioecon&#244;mico dos pacientes recrutados deve ser considerado para melhor contextualiza&#231;&#227;o dos resultados.</p>
    <p>Em segundo lugar, no contexto de um acesso mais amplo dos pacientes, o intervalo entre o diagn&#243;stico de FA e a abla&#231;&#227;o por cateter &#233; uma vari&#225;vel fundamental que n&#227;o foi suficientemente descrita. Por exemplo, na Austr&#225;lia, um pa&#237;s de alta renda, possuir plano de sa&#250;de privado resultou em uma chance maior e mais r&#225;pida de realizar abla&#231;&#227;o por cateter em compara&#231;&#227;o a pacientes usu&#225;rios do sistema p&#250;blico de sa&#250;de.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Assim, obter mais informa&#231;&#245;es sobre a condi&#231;&#227;o socioecon&#244;mica e o status de sa&#250;de dos pacientes inclu&#237;dos no estudo de Ternes et al., bem como sobre o tempo decorrido entre o diagn&#243;stico da FA e a abla&#231;&#227;o, forneceria dados adicionais para compara&#231;&#227;o com pa&#237;ses de alta renda.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Al&#233;m disso, os m&#233;todos utilizados para detectar a recorr&#234;ncia de taquicardia atrial, como a porcentagem de pacientes que realizaram monitoramento Holter ap&#243;s a abla&#231;&#227;o por cateter e a dura&#231;&#227;o desse monitoramento, n&#227;o foram suficientemente detalhados. Esses dados s&#227;o cruciais para fornecer evid&#234;ncias de uma avalia&#231;&#227;o mais precisa da carga da taquiarritmia atrial.</p>
    <p>Reconhecemos os desafios em oferecer abla&#231;&#227;o por cateter em tempo h&#225;bil para arritmias atriais, especialmente no Brasil, e parabenizamos os autores por este importante estudo. Para destacar tais disparidades, sugerimos que estudos futuros sejam conduzidos com popula&#231;&#245;es do mundo real, provenientes de diferentes regi&#245;es do Brasil e com distintos perfis socioecon&#244;micos.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>Refer&#234;ncias</title>
      <ref id="B1">
        <label>1</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Ternes</surname>
              <given-names>CMP</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Rohde</surname>
              <given-names>LE</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Forno</surname>
              <given-names>AD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Lewandowski</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Nascimento</surname>
              <given-names>HG</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Odozynski</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>The Southern Brazilian Registry of Atrial Fibrillation (SBR-AF Registry): Predictors of Atrial Arrhythmia Recurrence after First-Time Catheter Ablation</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2025</year>
          <volume>122</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <elocation-id>e20240246</elocation-id>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20240246</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>1 Ternes CMP, Rohde LE, Forno AD, Lewandowski A, Nascimento HG, Odozynski G, et al. The Southern Brazilian Registry of Atrial Fibrillation (SBR-AF Registry): Predictors of Atrial Arrhythmia Recurrence after First-Time Catheter Ablation. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2025;122(1):e20240246. doi: 10.36660/abc.20240246.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B2">
        <label>2</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Chokr</surname>
              <given-names>MO</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Southern Brazil Registry of Atrial Fibrillation (SBR-AF): Predictors of Atrial Arrhythmia Recurrence after First Catheter Ablation</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2025</year>
          <volume>122</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <elocation-id>e20240871</elocation-id>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20240871</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>2 Chokr MO. Southern Brazil Registry of Atrial Fibrillation (SBR-AF): Predictors of Atrial Arrhythmia Recurrence after First Catheter Ablation. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2025;122(1):e20240871. doi: 10.36660/abc.20240871.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B3">
        <label>3</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Eberly</surname>
              <given-names>LA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Garg</surname>
              <given-names>L</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Yang</surname>
              <given-names>L</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Markman</surname>
              <given-names>TM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Nathan</surname>
              <given-names>AS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Eneanya</surname>
              <given-names>ND</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Racial/Ethnic and Socioeconomic Disparities in Management of Incident Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation</article-title>
          <source>JAMA Netw Open</source>
          <year>2021</year>
          <volume>4</volume>
          <issue>2</issue>
          <elocation-id>e210247</elocation-id>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0247</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>3 Eberly LA, Garg L, Yang L, Markman TM, Nathan AS, Eneanya ND, et al. Racial/Ethnic and Socioeconomic Disparities in Management of Incident Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation. JAMA Netw Open. 2021;4(2):e210247. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0247.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B4">
        <label>4</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Olsen</surname>
              <given-names>F</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Uleberg</surname>
              <given-names>B</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Jacobsen</surname>
              <given-names>BK</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Heuch</surname>
              <given-names>I</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Tande</surname>
              <given-names>PM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Bugge</surname>
              <given-names>E</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Socioeconomic and Geographic Differences in Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation in Norway - A National Cohort Study</article-title>
          <source>BMC Public Health</source>
          <year>2022</year>
          <volume>22</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <fpage>303</fpage>
          <lpage>303</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/s12889-022-12628-9</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>4 Olsen F, Uleberg B, Jacobsen BK, Heuch I, Tande PM, Bugge E, et al. Socioeconomic and Geographic Differences in Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation in Norway - A National Cohort Study. BMC Public Health. 2022;22(1):303. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-12628-9.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B5">
        <label>5</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Santos</surname>
              <given-names>IS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Goulart</surname>
              <given-names>AC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Olmos</surname>
              <given-names>RD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Thomas</surname>
              <given-names>GN</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Lip</surname>
              <given-names>GYH</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Lotufo</surname>
              <given-names>PA</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Atrial Fibrillation in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Narrative Review</article-title>
          <source>Eur Heart J Suppl</source>
          <year>2020</year>
          <volume>22</volume>
          <supplement>Suppl O</supplement>
          <fpage>O61</fpage>
          <lpage>O77</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/eurheartj/suaa181</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>5 Santos IS, Goulart AC, Olmos RD, Thomas GN, Lip GYH, Lotufo PA, et al. Atrial Fibrillation in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Narrative Review. Eur Heart J Suppl. 2020;22(Suppl O):O61-O77. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/suaa181.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B6">
        <label>6</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Vinter</surname>
              <given-names>N</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Calvert</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kronborg</surname>
              <given-names>MB</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Cosedis-Nielsen</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Gupta</surname>
              <given-names>D</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Ding</surname>
              <given-names>WY</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Social Determinants of Health and Catheter Ablation after an Incident Diagnosis of Atrial Fibrillation: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study</article-title>
          <source>Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes</source>
          <year>2023</year>
          <volume>9</volume>
          <issue>4</issue>
          <fpage>389</fpage>
          <lpage>396</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/ehjqcco/qcac038</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>6 Vinter N, Calvert P, Kronborg MB, Cosedis-Nielsen J, Gupta D, Ding WY, et al. Social Determinants of Health and Catheter Ablation after an Incident Diagnosis of Atrial Fibrillation: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study. Eur Heart J Qual Care Clin Outcomes. 2023;9(4):389-96. doi: 10.1093/ehjqcco/qcac038.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B7">
        <label>7</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Quiroz</surname>
              <given-names>JC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Brieger</surname>
              <given-names>D</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Jorm</surname>
              <given-names>LR</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Sy</surname>
              <given-names>RW</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Falster</surname>
              <given-names>MO</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Gallego</surname>
              <given-names>B</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>An Observational Study of Clinical and Health System Factors Associated with Catheter Ablation and Early Ablation Treatment for Atrial Fibrillation in Australia</article-title>
          <source>Heart Lung Circ</source>
          <year>2022</year>
          <volume>31</volume>
          <issue>9</issue>
          <fpage>1269</fpage>
          <lpage>1276</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.hlc.2022.04.049</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>7 Quiroz JC, Brieger D, Jorm LR, Sy RW, Falster MO, Gallego B. An Observational Study of Clinical and Health System Factors Associated with Catheter Ablation and Early Ablation Treatment for Atrial Fibrillation in Australia. Heart Lung Circ. 2022;31(9):1269-76. doi: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.04.049.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="reply" id="R01" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Carta-resposta</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Carta-resposta</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8389-2574</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Ternes</surname>
            <given-names>Caique M. P.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8769-1411</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>d&#8217;Avila</surname>
            <given-names>Andre</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff4">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital SOS C&#225;rdio</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Servi&#231;o de Arritmia Card&#237;aca</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Florian&#243;polis</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SC</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Servi&#231;o de Arritmia Card&#237;aca, Hospital SOS C&#225;rdio, Florian&#243;polis, SC &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff5">
          <label>2</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Baylor College of Medicine</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Cardiovascular Research Institute</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Houston</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">Texas</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="US">EUA</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas &#8211; EUA</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff6">
          <label>3</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Harvard-Thorndike Electrophysiology Institute</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Harvard Medical School</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Boston</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">Massachusetts</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="US">EUA</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Harvard-Thorndike Electrophysiology Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts &#8211; EUA</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Agradecemos os coment&#225;rios pertinentes apresentados na Carta ao Editor sobre nosso artigo, "Registro SBR-AF: Preditores de Recorr&#234;ncia de Taquiarritmia Atrial ap&#243;s Primeira Abla&#231;&#227;o por Cateter na Fibrila&#231;&#227;o Atrial".<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">1</xref></sup> Os pontos levantados sobre fatores socioecon&#244;micos, vias de encaminhamento e m&#233;todos de monitoramento s&#227;o valiosos e merecem esclarecimentos adicionais para contextualizar nossos achados.</p>
      <p>Nossa coorte de estudo, composta por 1043 pacientes consecutivos, foi, de fato, atendida em tr&#234;s institui&#231;&#245;es privadas na regi&#227;o Sul do Brasil. Vale destacar que Santa Catarina contribuiu com quase 600 das aproximadamente 6000 abla&#231;&#245;es de Fibrila&#231;&#227;o Atrial (FA) realizadas no Brasil em 2024, representando 10% do total nacional, apesar de abrigar apenas 3,8% da popula&#231;&#227;o brasileira, com cerca de 8 milh&#245;es de habitantes.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">2</xref></sup> Isso destaca a significativa contribui&#231;&#227;o da regi&#227;o aos procedimentos de abla&#231;&#227;o de FA, provavelmente impulsionada por sua robusta infraestrutura de sa&#250;de e indicadores socioecon&#244;micos mais elevados em compara&#231;&#227;o a outros estados brasileiros. Por exemplo, Santa Catarina possui uma renda <italic>per capita mensal</italic> de aproximadamente R$ 2.200, significativamente superior &#224; m&#233;dia nacional de R$ 1.625.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">2</xref></sup> Al&#233;m disso, seu &#205;ndice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH), de 0,792, est&#225; entre os mais altos do Brasil. Esses aspectos socioecon&#244;micos provavelmente facilitam o acesso a cuidados especializados, incluindo abla&#231;&#227;o por cateter, e podem contribuir para melhores desfechos em sa&#250;de.</p>
      <p>Reconhecemos que fatores socioecon&#244;micos podem impactar o tratamento e o controle de comorbidades como hipertens&#227;o, diabetes e obesidade, as quais s&#227;o conhecidamente associadas ao aumento do risco de recorr&#234;ncia de FA ap&#243;s abla&#231;&#227;o.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">3</xref></sup> No entanto, nossos achados sugerem que um procedimento de abla&#231;&#227;o tecnicamente adequado pode mitigar alguns desses riscos. Por exemplo, nosso estudo relatou uma baixa taxa de complica&#231;&#245;es de 2,1% e taxas de recorr&#234;ncia compar&#225;veis &#224;s de pa&#237;ses de alta renda (19% para FA parox&#237;stica e 30% para FA persistente ap&#243;s o primeiro procedimento), destacando o potencial da assist&#234;ncia intervencionista de alta qualidade para superar certas limita&#231;&#245;es socioecon&#244;micas.</p>
      <p>Concordamos que a aus&#234;ncia de dados detalhados sobre o tempo entre o diagn&#243;stico da FA e a abla&#231;&#227;o limita nossa capacidade de realizar compara&#231;&#245;es mais precisas com pa&#237;ses de alta renda. Da mesma forma, concordamos que os m&#233;todos utilizados para detectar recorr&#234;ncias assintom&#225;ticas de FA &#8211; como o uso de monitoramento implant&#225;vel para definir a carga arr&#237;tmica, em vez de uma defini&#231;&#227;o bin&#225;ria simplista de recorr&#234;ncia &#8211; representa uma limita&#231;&#227;o importante. Sem um sistema de monitoramento mais robusto, as recorr&#234;ncias assintom&#225;ticas podem ser subnotificadas, subestimando potencialmente a real carga das taquiarritmias atriais. Infelizmente, essa &#233; uma limita&#231;&#227;o relevante do nosso registro prospectivo. Estudos futuros devem incorporar protocolos de monitoramento padronizados de longo prazo para lidar com essa limita&#231;&#227;o.</p>
      <p>Para melhor abordar as disparidades, certamente apoiamos a iniciativa de realiza&#231;&#227;o de estudos que abranjam diferentes regi&#245;es do Brasil e diversos perfis socioecon&#244;micos. Expandir a pesquisa para outros centros, incluindo o sistema p&#250;blico de sa&#250;de e popula&#231;&#245;es sub-representadas, proporcionaria uma compreens&#227;o mais abrangente dos desfechos da abla&#231;&#227;o de FA em todo o pa&#237;s. Agradecemos aos autores pela cr&#237;tica construtiva e esperamos que nosso estudo sirva de base para futuras pesquisas direcionadas ao acesso amplo e eficaz &#224; assist&#234;ncia no tratamento da FA em pa&#237;ses de baixa e m&#233;dia renda</p>
      <p>
        <bold>Atenciosamente,</bold>
      </p>
      <p>
        <bold>Caique Ternes</bold>
      </p>
      <p>
        <bold>Andre d&#8217;Avila</bold>
      </p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <ref-list>
        <title>Refer&#234;ncias</title>
        <ref id="B8">
          <label>1</label>
          <element-citation publication-type="journal">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <name>
                <surname>Ternes</surname>
                <given-names>CMP</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Rohde</surname>
                <given-names>LE</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Forno</surname>
                <given-names>AD</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Lewandowski</surname>
                <given-names>A</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Nascimento</surname>
                <given-names>HG</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Odozynski</surname>
                <given-names>G</given-names>
              </name>
              <etal/>
            </person-group>
            <article-title>The Southern Brazilian Registry of Atrial Fibrillation (SBR-AF Registry): Predictors of Atrial Arrhythmia Recurrence after First-Time Catheter Ablation</article-title>
            <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
            <year>2025</year>
            <volume>122</volume>
            <issue>1</issue>
            <elocation-id>e20240246</elocation-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20240246</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
          <mixed-citation>1 Ternes CMP, Rohde LE, Forno AD, Lewandowski A, Nascimento HG, Odozynski G, et al. The Southern Brazilian Registry of Atrial Fibrillation (SBR-AF Registry): Predictors of Atrial Arrhythmia Recurrence after First-Time Catheter Ablation. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2025;122(1):e20240246. doi: 10.36660/abc.20240246.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
        <ref id="B9">
          <label>2</label>
          <element-citation publication-type="book">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <collab>Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat&#237;stica</collab>
            </person-group>
            <source>[Internet]</source>
            <publisher-loc>Rio de Janeiro</publisher-loc>
            <publisher-name>IBGE</publisher-name>
            <year>2025</year>
            <date-in-citation content-type="access-date">[cited 2025 Jul 1]</date-in-citation>
            <comment>Available from: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.ibge.gov.br">https://www.ibge.gov.br</ext-link> </comment>
          </element-citation>
          <mixed-citation>2 Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat&#237;stica [Internet]. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE; 2025 [cited 2025 Jul 1]. Available from: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.ibge.gov.br">https://www.ibge.gov.br</ext-link>.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
        <ref id="B10">
          <label>3</label>
          <element-citation publication-type="book">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <name>
                <surname>Santos</surname>
                <given-names>IS</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Goulart</surname>
                <given-names>AC</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Olmos</surname>
                <given-names>RD</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Thomas</surname>
                <given-names>GN</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Lip</surname>
                <given-names>GYH</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Lotufo</surname>
                <given-names>PA</given-names>
              </name>
              <etal/>
            </person-group>
            <chapter-title>Atrial Fibrillation in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Narrative Review</chapter-title>
            <source>Eur Heart J Suppl</source>
            <year>2020</year>
            <volume>22</volume>
            <supplement>Suppl O</supplement>
            <fpage>O61</fpage>
            <lpage>O77</lpage>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/eurheartj/suaa181</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
          <mixed-citation>3 Santos IS, Goulart AC, Olmos RD, Thomas GN, Lip GYH, Lotufo PA, et al. Atrial Fibrillation in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Narrative Review. Eur Heart J Suppl. 2020;22(Suppl O):O61-O77. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/suaa181.</mixed-citation>
        </ref>
      </ref-list>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S1" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20250248i</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Letter to the Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Predictors of Atrial Arrhythmia Recurrence after Catheter Ablation: Socioeconomic Impact in Low to Middle-Income Countries</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6053-5523</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Shawki</surname>
            <given-names>Marwan</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-2302-5588</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Rodrigues</surname>
            <given-names>Thalys Sampaio</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Quarto</surname>
            <given-names>Levindo Jose Garcia</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff7">
          <label>1</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Melbourne</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">Victoria</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="AU">Australia</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria &#8211; Australia</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff8">
          <label>2</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Melbourne</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">Victoria</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="AU">Australia</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria &#8211; Australia</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff9">
          <label>3</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Boston</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">MA</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="US">USA</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Department of Cardiology, St Elizabeth Hospital, Boston, MA &#8211; USA</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><label>Mailing Address:</label><bold>Marwan Shawki</bold> &#8226; Department of Cardiology, Austin Health - 145 Studley Rd, Heidelberg, VIC <postal-code>3084</postal-code> Australia E-mail: <email>marwan.shawki@unimelb.edu.au</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Socioeconomic Disparities in Health</kwd>
        <kwd>Catheter Ablation</kwd>
        <kwd>Atrial Fibrillation</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>
        <bold>To the Editor,</bold>
      </p>
      <p>We read with great interest the article by Ternes et al., recently published in the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, with its accompanying insightful editorial.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> This multicentre prospective cohort study of consecutive patients across three centres in Brazil provided valuable insights into the predictors of atrial arrhythmia recurrence following first-time catheter ablation. It highlighted its clinical setting in a middle-income country and reported outcomes similar to those in high-income countries. However, the results must be interpreted cautiously, and some points merit further discussion.</p>
      <p>Firstly, socioeconomic factors play an important role in patient accessibility to catheter ablation and affect overall outcomes.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> It is well described that, compared to high-income countries, patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) have poorer outcomes in low-middle-income countries in terms of death, years of life lost and disability-adjusted life years.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> Interestingly, even in high-income countries, there appears to be a difference in AF ablation outcomes based on income brackets.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> We believe that current results reflect Southern Brazil's private practice and inferences about the outcomes of a middle-income country should be interpreted in that context. Further clarification of the referral pathways to these private centres and the socioeconomic status of recruited patients should be considered to better contextualise results.</p>
      <p>Secondly, in the context of broader patient accessibility, the time from the diagnosis of AF to catheter ablation is a pivotal variable that was not sufficiently described. For instance, in Australia, a high-income country, holding private healthcare insurance resulted in a quicker and higher chance of receiving a catheter ablation than publicly covered patients.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Hence, having more insights about the socioeconomic and healthcare status of patients included in the study by Ternes and colleagues, and the subsequent interval from AF diagnosis to catheter ablation, would provide further information regarding benchmarking against high-income countries.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Furthermore, the methods employed to detect the recurrence of atrial tachycardia, such as the percentage of patients who received Holter monitoring post-catheter ablation and the duration of monitoring, were not sufficiently detailed. This is crucial for providing evidence of a more accurate assessment of the burden of atrial tachyarrhythmia.</p>
      <p>We appreciate the challenges in providing timely catheter ablation for atrial arrhythmias, especially in Brazil, and commend the authors for this important study. To highlight such disparities, we suggest that further studies should be carried out to include real-world populations from various regions across Brazil and with different socioeconomic backgrounds.</p>
    </body>
    <sub-article article-type="reply" id="R02" xml:lang="en">
      <front-stub>
        <article-categories>
          <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
            <subject>Reply</subject>
          </subj-group>
        </article-categories>
        <title-group>
          <article-title>Reply</article-title>
        </title-group>
        <contrib-group>
          <contrib contrib-type="author">
            <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8389-2574</contrib-id>
            <name>
              <surname>Ternes</surname>
              <given-names>Caique M. P.</given-names>
            </name>
            <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">
              <sup>1</sup>
            </xref>
            <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11">
              <sup>2</sup>
            </xref>
          </contrib>
          <contrib contrib-type="author">
            <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8769-1411</contrib-id>
            <name>
              <surname>d&#8217;Avila</surname>
              <given-names>Andre</given-names>
            </name>
            <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">
              <sup>1</sup>
            </xref>
            <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">
              <sup>3</sup>
            </xref>
          </contrib>
          <aff id="aff10">
            <label>1</label>
            <addr-line>
              <named-content content-type="city">Florian&#243;polis</named-content>
              <named-content content-type="state">SC</named-content>
            </addr-line>
            <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
            <institution content-type="original">Servi&#231;o de Arritmia Card&#237;aca, Hospital SOS C&#225;rdio, Florian&#243;polis, SC &#8211; Brazil</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff id="aff11">
            <label>2</label>
            <addr-line>
              <named-content content-type="city">Houston</named-content>
              <named-content content-type="state">Texas</named-content>
            </addr-line>
            <country country="US">USA</country>
            <institution content-type="original">Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas &#8211; USA</institution>
          </aff>
          <aff id="aff12">
            <label>3</label>
            <addr-line>
              <named-content content-type="city">Boston</named-content>
              <named-content content-type="state">Massachusetts</named-content>
            </addr-line>
            <country country="US">USA</country>
            <institution content-type="original">Harvard-Thorndike Electrophysiology Institute, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts &#8211; USA</institution>
          </aff>
        </contrib-group>
      </front-stub>
      <body>
        <p>We appreciate the thoughtful comments provided in the Letter to the Editor regarding our article, "The Southern Brazilian Registry of Atrial Fibrillation (SBR-AF Registry): Predictors of Atrial Arrhythmia Recurrence after First-Time Catheter Ablation".<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> The points raised about socioeconomic factors, referral pathways, and monitoring methods are valuable and warrant further clarification to contextualize our findings.</p>
        <p>Our study cohort of 1,043 consecutive patients was indeed treated across three private institutions in Southern Brazil. Notably, Santa Catarina accounted for nearly 600 of the estimated 6,000 atrial fibrillation (AF) ablations performed in Brazil in 2024, representing 10% of the national total despite comprising only 3.8% of Brazil's population, with approximately 8 million inhabitants.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> This highlights the region's significant contribution to AF ablation procedures, likely driven by its robust healthcare infrastructure and higher socioeconomic indicators compared to other Brazilian states. For instance, Santa Catarina boasts a <italic>per capita</italic> income of approximately BRL 2,200 per month, significantly higher than the national average of BRL 1,625.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> Additionally, its Human Development Index (HDI) of 0.792 is among the highest in Brazil. These socioeconomic aspects likely facilitate better access to specialized care, including catheter ablation, and may contribute to improved health outcomes.</p>
        <p>We acknowledge that socioeconomic factors can impact treatment and control of comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity, which are known to increase the risk of AF recurrence after ablation.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> However, our findings suggest that a technically adequate ablation procedure can mitigate some of these risks. For example, our study reported a low complication rate of 2.1% and recurrence rates comparable to high-income countries (19% for paroxysmal AF and 30% for persistent AF after a first procedure), underscoring the potential of high-quality procedural care to overcome certain socioeconomic limitations.</p>
        <p>We agree with that the lack of detailed data on the time from AF diagnosis to ablation limits our ability to fully benchmark against high-income countries. Similarly, we concur that the methods for detecting asymptomatic AF recurrence, such as implantable monitoring to define AF burden rather than a simplistic binary definition of recurrence imposes an important limitation. Without a more robust monitoring system, asymptomatic recurrences may be underreported, potentially underestimating the true burden of atrial tachyarrhythmia. Unfortunately, this is an important limitation of our prospective registry. Future studies should incorporate standardized, long-term monitoring protocols to address this limitation.</p>
        <p>To further address disparities, we would certainly support the initiative for studies encompassing diverse regions of Brazil and varying socioeconomic backgrounds. Expanding research to other centers to include public healthcare settings and underrepresented populations would provide a more comprehensive understanding of AF ablation outcomes across Brazil. We thank the authors for their insightful critique and hope our study serves as a foundation for future investigations into equitable access to AF care in low- and middle-income countries.</p>
        <p>
          <bold>Sincerely,</bold>
        </p>
        <p>
          <bold>Caique Ternes</bold>
        </p>
        <p>
          <bold>Andre d&#8217;Avila</bold>
        </p>
      </body>
    </sub-article>
  </sub-article>
</article>
