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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">cv5grjmG5j8yZKDrgsMPQ5D</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2025000400206</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00206</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20250335</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20250335</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Patisirana no Tratamento da Amiloidose Card&#237;aca: Bom para o Mundo e Bom para o Brasil</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-1654-4531</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Villacorta</surname>
            <given-names>Humberto</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal Fluminense</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Niter&#243;i</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter&#243;i, RJ &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><label>Correspond&#234;ncia:</label><bold>Humberto Villacorta</bold> &#8226; Rua Desembargador Athayde Parreiras, 100. CEP <postal-code>24070-090</postal-code>, Niter&#243;i, RJ - Brasil Email: <email>hvillacorta@cardiol.br</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>07</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <year>2025</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>122</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <elocation-id>e20250335</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>07</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>14</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>14</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2025</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Amiloidose Card&#237;aca</kwd>
        <kwd>Transtirretina</kwd>
        <kwd>Silenciadores Gen&#233;ticos</kwd>
        <kwd>Tratamento</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="2"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="9"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>Patisirana &#233; um agente terap&#234;utico de interfer&#234;ncia de RNA usado no tratamento da amiloidose mediada por transtirretina (amiloidose ATTR), uma condi&#231;&#227;o caracterizada pelo ac&#250;mulo de fibrilas amiloides da prote&#237;na transtirretina (TTR) mal dobradas nos tecidos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>&#8211;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Conforme mostrado na <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figura 1</xref>, o mecanismo de a&#231;&#227;o difere de medicamentos anteriores, como o tafamidis, que promove a estabiliza&#231;&#227;o da prote&#237;na TTR, em vez da inibi&#231;&#227;o da s&#237;ntese.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> Patisirana usa um mecanismo que envolve um pequeno RNA de interfer&#234;ncia para atingir especificamente o RNA mensageiro (mRNA) respons&#225;vel pela produ&#231;&#227;o da prote&#237;na TTR no f&#237;gado. Ele ativa o complexo de silenciamento induzido por RNA, que promove a degrada&#231;&#227;o do mRNA da TTR. Ao degradar o mRNA da TTR, a patisirana reduz efetivamente a s&#237;ntese da prote&#237;na TTR no f&#237;gado. Isso leva &#224; diminui&#231;&#227;o dos n&#237;veis das formas normal e mutante da TTR.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>&#8211;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup></p>
    <fig id="f1">
      <label>Figura 1</label>
      <caption>
        <title>Terapia espec&#237;fica para amiloidose com transtirretina.</title>
        <p>TTR: transtirretina. * Ensaios cl&#237;nicos em andamento em amiloidose card&#237;aca com TTR. &#8224; Eficaz em ensaios neurocl&#237;nicos sobre amiloidose com TTR heredit&#225;ria.</p>
      </caption>
      <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-122-04-e20250335-50335-gf01.tif"/></fig>
    <p>Os efeitos da patisirana na amiloidose card&#237;aca foram avaliados no estudo APOLLO B, que foi um ensaio cl&#237;nico de fase 3, multic&#234;ntrico, randomizado, duplo-cego e controlado por placebo envolvendo 360 pacientes diagnosticados com amiloidose ATTR heredit&#225;ria ou selvagem com cardiomiopatia, com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos do tratamento na fun&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca e na qualidade de vida.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> O desfecho prim&#225;rio foi uma altera&#231;&#227;o em rela&#231;&#227;o ao valor basal na capacidade funcional avaliada pelo teste de caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6) em 12 meses. A dist&#226;ncia percorrida no TC6 diminuiu ao longo do tempo em ambos os grupos, mas foi atenuada no grupo patisirana (altera&#231;&#227;o m&#233;dia &#8722;8,15 vs &#8722;21,35 m, no grupo patisirana e placebo, respectivamente). A qualidade de vida avaliada pelo Question&#225;rio de Cardiomiopatia de Kansas City - Resumo Geral (KCCQ-OS) melhorou no grupo Patisirana e declinou no grupo placebo. Em uma an&#225;lise de desfecho secund&#225;rio, n&#227;o foi observada diferen&#231;a no desfecho combinado de morte por qualquer causa, eventos cardiovasculares ou altera&#231;&#227;o no TC6. Uma an&#225;lise explorat&#243;ria constatou que a patisirana atenuou o aumento dos biomarcadores card&#237;acos NT-proBNP e troponina I.</p>
    <p>Nesta edi&#231;&#227;o dos Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, s&#227;o relatados dados da popula&#231;&#227;o brasileira inclu&#237;da no estudo APOLLO B.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Exceto por pequenas diferen&#231;as na intensidade dos efeitos, seus achados s&#227;o essencialmente os mesmos do estudo multic&#234;ntrico. Os autores concluem que a efic&#225;cia e a seguran&#231;a da patisirana em pacientes brasileiros com amiloidose card&#237;aca ATTR foram consistentes com as da popula&#231;&#227;o global do estudo APOLLO-B.</p>
    <p>Esta suban&#225;lise &#233; justificada pelo fato de que as a&#231;&#245;es dos medicamentos podem diferir de acordo com diferen&#231;as raciais e &#233;tnicas. As diferen&#231;as na resposta aos medicamentos est&#227;o principalmente relacionadas a diferen&#231;as raciais/&#233;tnicas na frequ&#234;ncia de polimorfismos em genes que codificam enzimas metabolizadoras de medicamentos e transportadores de medicamentos. Esses polimorfismos podem influenciar a farmacocin&#233;tica, as necessidades de dose e a seguran&#231;a de alguns medicamentos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> Um ponto forte do estudo &#233; que os autores relataram dados sobre a cintilografia com pirofosfato, o que n&#227;o foi relatado no estudo global. A melhora na escala de Perugini foi not&#225;vel, com melhora em 11/18 (61%) pacientes no grupo patisirana e nenhuma melhora no grupo placebo (0/10 pacientes).</p>
    <p>No entanto, este estudo apresenta uma limita&#231;&#227;o importante. A popula&#231;&#227;o era muito pequena, o que n&#227;o permitiu uma an&#225;lise estat&#237;stica adequada, e os resultados, portanto, s&#227;o apenas dados descritivos. Apesar disso, parabenizamos os pesquisadores brasileiros por participarem de um estudo t&#227;o importante e por fornecerem dados espec&#237;ficos da coorte brasileira.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other" id="fn1">
        <label>Minieditorial referente ao artigo:</label>
        <p>Tratamento com Patisirana na Subpopula&#231;&#227;o Brasileira do Estudo de Fase 3 APOLLO-B em Amiloidose por Transtirretina com Cardiomiopatia: An&#225;lise Post Hoc</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
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              <surname>Wang</surname>
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            </name>
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              <surname>Go</surname>
              <given-names>AS</given-names>
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          <year>2008</year>
          <volume>22</volume>
          <issue>10</issue>
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        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>9 Shen AY, Chen W, Yao JF, Brar SS, Wang X, Go AS. Effect of Race/Ethnicity on the Efficacy of Warfarin: Potential Implications for Prevention of Stroke in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation. CNS Drugs. 2008;22(10):815-25. doi: 10.2165/00023210-200822100-00003.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S1" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20250335i</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Patisiran in the Treatment of Cardiac Amyloidosis: Good for the World and Good for Brazil</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-1654-4531</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Villacorta</surname>
            <given-names>Humberto</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>1</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Niter&#243;i</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter&#243;i, RJ &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><label>Mailing Address:</label><bold>Humberto Villacorta</bold> &#8226; Rua Desembargador Athayde Parreiras, 100. Postal Code <postal-code>24070-090</postal-code>, Niter&#243;i, RJ - Brazil Email: <email>hvillacorta@cardiol.br</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Cardiac Amyloidosis</kwd>
        <kwd>Transthyretin</kwd>
        <kwd>Genetic Silencers</kwd>
        <kwd>Treatment</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Patisiran is an RNA interference therapeutic agent used in the treatment of transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis (ATTR amyloidosis), a condition characterized by the accumulation of misfolded transthyretin (TTR) protein amyloid fibrils in tissues.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>&#8211;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> As shown in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figure 1</xref>, the mechanism of action differs from previous drugs such as tafamidis, which promotes the stabilization of the TTR protein, rather than the synthesis inhibition.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> Patisiran uses a mechanism involving small interfering RNA to specifically target the messenger RNA (mRNA) responsible for producing the TTR protein in the liver. It activates the RNA-induced silencing complex, which promotes the degradation of the TTR mRNA. By degrading TTR mRNA, patisiran effectively reduces the synthesis of TTR protein within the liver. This leads to decreased levels of both normal and mutant forms of TTR.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>&#8211;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup></p>
      <fig id="f2">
        <label>Figure 1</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Transthyretin amyloidosis-specific therapy.</title>
          <p>TTR: transthyretin. * Ongoing trials in TTR cardiac amyloidosis. &#8224; Effective in hereditary TTR amyloidosis neuroclinical trials.</p>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-122-04-e20250335-50335-gf01-en.tif"/></fig>
      <p>The effects of patisiran in cardiac amyloidosis were assessed in the APOLLO B study, which was a phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 360 patients diagnosed with hereditary or wild-type ATTR amyloidosis with cardiomyopathy, aimed at assessing treatment effects on cardiac function and quality of life.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> The primary endpoint was a change from baseline in the functional capacity as assessed by the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) at 12 months. The walk distance in the 6MWT decreased over time in both groups, but it was attenuated in the patisiran group (mean change &#8722;8.15 vs &#8722;21.35 m, in the patisiran and placebo group, respectively). Quality of life as assessed by the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire-Overall Summary (KCCQ-OS) improved in the patisiran group and declined in the placebo group. In a secondary endpoint analysis, no difference was observed in a combined endpoint of death from any cause, cardiovascular events, or change in the 6MWT. An explanatory analysis found that patisiran attenuated the increase in the cardiac biomarkers NT-proBNP and troponin I.</p>
      <p>In this issue of <italic>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</italic>, data from the Brazilian population included in the APOLLO B study are reported.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Except for small differences in the intensity of the effects, their findings are essentially the same as the multicenter study. The authors conclude that the efficacy and safety of patisiran in Brazilian patients with ATTR cardiac amyloidosis were consistent with those in the global APOLLO-B population.</p>
      <p>This subanalysis is justified by the fact that drug actions may differ according to racial and ethnic differences. Differences in drug response are mainly related to racial/ethnic differences in the frequency of polymorphisms in genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters. These polymorphisms may influence the pharmacokinetics, dose requirements, and safety of some drugs.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> One strength of the study is that the authors have reported data on the pyrophosphate scintigraphy, which was not reported in the global study. The improvement on the Perugini scale was remarkable, with improvement in 11/18 (61%) patients in the patisiran group and no improvement in the placebo group (0/10 patients).</p>
      <p>However, this study does have a major limitation. The population was too small, which did not allow for appropriate statistical analysis, and the results, therefore, are only descriptive data. In spite of that, we congratulate the Brazilian investigators for taking part in such an important study and for providing data specifically in the Brazilian cohort.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other" id="fn2">
          <label>Short Editorial related to the article:</label>
          <p>Patisiran Treatment in the Brazilian Subpopulation of the Phase 3 APOLLO-B Study in Transthyretin Amyloidosis with Cardiomyopathy: Post Hoc Analysis</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
