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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">d5mqj3wvqSsHmnygkBfhPyt</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2024000700901</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00901</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20240312</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>CARTA AO EDITOR</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Troponina de Alta Sensibilidade em Cirurgia N&#227;o Card&#237;aca</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6255-711X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>&#214;zkan</surname>
            <given-names>Can</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Department of Cardiology</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Bursa City Hospital</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Bursa</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="TR">Turquia</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Department of Cardiology, Bursa City Hospital, Bursa &#8211; Turquia</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"> Correspond&#234;ncia: Can &#214;zkan &#8226; Department of Cardiology, Bursa City Hospital - Health Ministry of Turkish Republic Bursa City Hospital - Bursa &#350;ehir Hastanesi Do&#287;ank&#246;y Mahllesi, 16110 Nil&#252;fer, Bursa - Turquia E-mail: <email>canozzkan@hotmail.com</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>19</day>
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>121</volume>
      <issue>7</issue>
      <elocation-id>e20240312</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>06</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>22</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>22</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p> This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. </license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>S&#237;ndrome Coronariana Aguda</kwd>
        <kwd>Troponina</kwd>
        <kwd>Contus&#245;es Mioc&#225;rdicas</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="5"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>
      <bold>Caro Editor,</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Li com grande interesse o artigo intitulado &#8220;Adi&#231;&#227;o de Troponina de Alta sensibilidade &#224; Avalia&#231;&#227;o de Risco Perioperat&#243;rio Melhora a Capacidade Preditiva de Morte em Pacientes de Cirurgia n&#227;o Card&#237;aca&#8221; por Gomes et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> a preval&#234;ncia de les&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica &#233; maior em pacientes de alto risco, incluindo aqueles com riscos cardiovasculares, cir&#250;rgicos e cl&#237;nicos. Relataram tamb&#233;m que a ocorr&#234;ncia de les&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica cir&#250;rgica n&#227;o card&#237;aca na popula&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o considerada de alto risco n&#227;o pode ser negligenciada e leva a elevada mortalidade nesta popula&#231;&#227;o. No acompanhamento de longo prazo, o progn&#243;stico de pacientes de alto risco sem les&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica &#233; pior em compara&#231;&#227;o com pacientes de alto risco sem les&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica. Alguns coment&#225;rios podem ser &#250;teis.</p>
    <p>As troponinas card&#237;acas t&#234;m sido o biomarcador preferido para identificar les&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica por um per&#237;odo prolongado.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> Com o uso de testes de troponina de alta sensibilidade, a troponina card&#237;aca pode ser medida em baixas concentra&#231;&#245;es na maioria dos indiv&#237;duos saud&#225;veis e pode estar cronicamente elevada em pacientes com doen&#231;a cardiovascular est&#225;vel.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Um estudo descobriu que a incid&#234;ncia de MINS dentro de 30 dias ap&#243;s cirurgia n&#227;o card&#237;aca est&#225; significativamente associada ao aumento da mortalidade e ao tempo de interna&#231;&#227;o hospitalar. O monitoramento p&#243;s-operat&#243;rio da troponina pode determinar resultados cardiovasculares e facilitar o tratamento precoce.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Acredito que o estudo<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> &#233; bastante valioso neste aspecto; no entanto, h&#225; alguns pontos espec&#237;ficos que gostaria de enfatizar. Em primeiro lugar, a hist&#243;ria de infarto do mioc&#225;rdio pr&#233;vio foi significativamente maior no grupo MINS. N&#227;o est&#225; claro no estudo se os n&#237;veis elevados de troponina nestes pacientes s&#227;o secund&#225;rios &#224; cirurgia n&#227;o card&#237;aca ou relacionados &#224; s&#237;ndrome coronariana aguda. Particularmente, n&#227;o consegui encontrar informa&#231;&#245;es detalhadas sobre qual porcentagem de pacientes com eleva&#231;&#227;o de troponina superior a 5 vezes o ponto de corte foram submetidos &#224; angiografia coron&#225;ria ou qual porcentagem exibiu caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas de s&#237;ndrome coronariana aguda.</p>
    <p>Neste valioso estudo,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> constatou-se que pacientes com alto risco cardiovascular, risco espec&#237;fico da cirurgia ou j&#225; considerados de alto risco apresentaram maior preval&#234;ncia de les&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica durante cirurgia n&#227;o card&#237;aca. Al&#233;m disso, descobriu-se que a adi&#231;&#227;o de troponina de alta sensibilidade &#224; avalia&#231;&#227;o de risco aumenta a capacidade de prever a mortalidade por todas as causas a curto e longo prazo. Pode ser um desafio distinguir clinicamente a s&#237;ndrome coronariana aguda dos n&#237;veis elevados de troponina de alta sensibilidade em pacientes no per&#237;odo p&#243;s-operat&#243;rio imediato, e esta n&#227;o parece ser uma estrat&#233;gia custo-efetiva. Acredito que os valores de troponina de alta sensibilidade obtidos durante este per&#237;odo poderiam levar a angiografia coron&#225;ria desnecess&#225;ria e potencialmente piorar os resultados cl&#237;nicos. No entanto, parabenizo todos os autores por este estudo muito valioso.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>Refer&#234;ncias</title>
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        <label>1</label>
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              <surname>Dutra</surname>
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            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Peres</surname>
              <given-names>LS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Camis&#227;o</surname>
              <given-names>ND</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Homena</surname>
              <given-names>WS</given-names>
              <suffix>Jr</suffix>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Addition of High-sensitivity Troponin to Perioperative Risk Assessment Improves the Predictive Ability of Death in Non-cardiac Surgery Patients</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2024</year>
          <volume>121</volume>
          <issue>4</issue>
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          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20230623</pub-id>
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          <article-title>Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction (2018)</article-title>
          <source>Circulation</source>
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        <label>3</label>
        <mixed-citation>3. Zhao BC, Liu WF, Deng QW, Zhuang PP, Liu J, Li C, et al. Meta-analysis of Preoperative High-sensitivity Cardiac Troponin Measurement in Non-cardiac Surgical Patients at Risk of Cardiovascular Complications. Br J Surg. 2020;107(2):81-90. doi: 10.1002/bjs.11305.</mixed-citation>
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        <mixed-citation>4. Costa MCDBG, Furtado MV, Borges FK, Ziegelmann PK, Suzumura &#201;A, Berwanger O, et al. Perioperative Troponin Screening Identifies Patients at Higher Risk for Major Cardiovascular Events in Noncardiac Surgery. Curr Probl Cardiol. 2021;46(3):100429. doi: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2019.05.002.</mixed-citation>
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            </name>
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          <article-title>Perioperative Troponin Screening Identifies Patients at Higher Risk for Major Cardiovascular Events in Noncardiac Surgery</article-title>
          <source>Curr Probl Cardiol</source>
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  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="reply" id="S1" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Carta ao Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Carta-resposta</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Gomes</surname>
            <given-names>Bruno</given-names>
          </name>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>
        <bold>Caro Editor,</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Agradecemos aos autores pelos valiosos coment&#225;rios em rela&#231;&#227;o ao nosso estudo intitulado &#8220;Adi&#231;&#227;o de Troponina de Alta Sensibilidade &#224; Avalia&#231;&#227;o de Risco Perioperat&#243;rio Melhora a Capacidade Preditiva de Morte em Pacientes de Cirurgia N&#227;o Card&#237;aca&#8221;.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">1</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Na verdade, a preval&#234;ncia de les&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica relacionada &#224; cirurgia &#233; maior em pacientes com doen&#231;a arterial coronariana pr&#233;via. Contudo, pacientes submetidos a procedimentos card&#237;acos (por exemplo, cirurgia card&#237;aca, cateterismo, abla&#231;&#227;o, etc.) foram exclu&#237;dos da nossa amostra. Portanto, pacientes que apresentavam caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas compat&#237;veis com s&#237;ndrome coronariana aguda foram exclu&#237;dos deste estudo. Assim, estamos tratando de dados de um estudo que considerou apenas pacientes com les&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica ap&#243;s cirurgias n&#227;o card&#237;acas (MINS).</p>
      <p>O MINS continua sendo uma condi&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica desafiadora, assim como a interpreta&#231;&#227;o das varia&#231;&#245;es de troponina de alta sensibilidade. O reconhecimento da les&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica tem valor progn&#243;stico e quando n&#227;o se manifesta em situa&#231;&#245;es t&#237;picas de s&#237;ndrome coronariana aguda (altera&#231;&#245;es eletrocardiogr&#225;ficas, dor tor&#225;cica, altera&#231;&#245;es ecocardiogr&#225;ficas), fica claro que a fisiopatologia n&#227;o envolve obstru&#231;&#227;o coronariana aguda e, portanto, h&#225; n&#227;o h&#225; necessidade de angiografia coron&#225;ria.</p>
      <p>Portanto, a dosagem rotineira de troponina de alta sensibilidade no p&#243;s-operat&#243;rio agrega valor progn&#243;stico tanto em pacientes de baixo como de alto risco, como demonstrado em nosso estudo. No entanto, ainda temos pouco a oferecer a estes pacientes e devemos concentrar os nossos esfor&#231;os na redu&#231;&#227;o da mortalidade por esta doen&#231;a letal.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <ref-list>
        <title>Refer&#234;ncias</title>
        <ref id="B5">
          <label>1</label>
          <mixed-citation>1. Gomes BFO, Silva TMBD, Dutra GP, Peres LS, Camis&#227;o ND, Homena WS Jr, et al. Addition of High-sensitivity Troponin to Perioperative Risk Assessment Improves the Predictive Ability of Death in Non-cardiac Surgery Patients. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2024;121(4):e20230623. doi: 10.36660/abc.20230623.</mixed-citation>
          <element-citation publication-type="journal">
            <person-group person-group-type="author">
              <name>
                <surname>Gomes</surname>
                <given-names>BFO</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Silva</surname>
                <given-names>TMBD</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Dutra</surname>
                <given-names>GP</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Peres</surname>
                <given-names>LS</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Camis&#227;o</surname>
                <given-names>ND</given-names>
              </name>
              <name>
                <surname>Homena</surname>
                <given-names>WS</given-names>
                <suffix>Jr</suffix>
              </name>
              <etal>et al</etal>
            </person-group>
            <article-title>Addition of High-sensitivity Troponin to Perioperative Risk Assessment Improves the Predictive Ability of Death in Non-cardiac Surgery Patients</article-title>
            <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
            <year>2024</year>
            <volume>121</volume>
            <issue>4</issue>
            <elocation-id>e20230623</elocation-id>
            <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20230623</pub-id>
          </element-citation>
        </ref>
      </ref-list>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20240312i</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Letter to the Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>High-Sensitivity Troponin in Non-Cardiac Surgery</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6255-711X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>&#214;zkan</surname>
            <given-names>Can</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1001">
        <label>1</label>
        <country country="TR">Turkey</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Department of Cardiology, Bursa City Hospital, Bursa &#8211; Turkey</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01001"> Mailing Address: Can &#214;zkan &#8226; Department of Cardiology, Bursa City Hospital - Health Ministry of Turkish Republic Bursa City Hospital - Bursa &#350;ehir Hastanesi Do&#287;ank&#246;y Mahllesi, 16110 Nil&#252;fer, Bursa - Turkey E-mail: canozzkan@hotmail.com </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Acute Coronary Syndrome</kwd>
        <kwd>Troponin</kwd>
        <kwd>Myocardial Contusions</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>
        <bold>Dear Editor,</bold>
      </p>
      <p>I read with great interest the article entitled &#8220;Addition of High-Sensitivity Troponin to Perioperative Risk Assessment Improves the Predictive Ability of Death in Non-Cardiac Surgery Patients&#8221; by Gomes et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> the prevalence of myocardial injury is higher in high-risk patients, including those with cardiovascular, surgical, and clinical risks. They also reported that the occurrence of non-cardiac surgical myocardial injury in the population not considered high-risk cannot be overlooked and leads to high mortality in this population. In long-term follow-up, the prognosis of high-risk patients without myocardial injury is worse compared to high-risk patients without myocardial injury. Some comments may be useful.</p>
      <p>Cardiac troponins have been the favored biomarker for identifying myocardial injury for an extended period.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> With the use of high-sensitivity troponin tests, cardiac troponin can be measured at low concentrations in most healthy individuals and may be chronically elevated in patients with stable cardiovascular disease.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> A study found that the incidence of MINS within 30 days after non-cardiac surgery is significantly associated with increased mortality and length of hospital stay. Postoperative troponin monitoring can determine cardiovascular outcomes and facilitate early treatment.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> I believe the study<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> is quite valuable in this regard; however, there are some specific points I would like to emphasize. Firstly, a history of previous myocardial infarction was found to be significantly higher in the MINS group. It is not clear from the study whether the elevated troponin levels in these patients are secondary to non-cardiac surgery or related to acute coronary syndrome. Particularly, I could not find detailed information on what percentage of patients with troponin elevation greater than 5 times the cutoff point underwent coronary angiography or what percentage exhibited clinical features of acute coronary syndrome.</p>
      <p>In this valuable study,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> it was found that patients at high cardiovascular risk, surgery-specific risk, or those already deemed high-risk, had a higher prevalence of myocardial injury during non-cardiac surgery. Furthermore, the addition of high-sensitivity troponin to risk assessment was found to enhance the ability to predict short and long-term all-cause mortality. It may be challenging to distinguish acute coronary syndrome clinically from elevated high-sensitivity troponin levels in patients in the early postoperative period, and this does not seem to be a cost-effective strategy. I believe that the high-sensitivity troponin values obtained during this period could lead to unnecessary coronary angiography and potentially worsen clinical outcomes. Nevertheless, I congratulate all the authors for this very valuable study.</p>
    </body>
    <sub-article article-type="reply" id="S3" xml:lang="en">
      <front-stub>
        <article-categories>
          <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
            <subject>Letter to the Editor</subject>
          </subj-group>
        </article-categories>
        <title-group>
          <article-title>Reply</article-title>
        </title-group>
        <contrib-group>
          <contrib contrib-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Gomes</surname>
              <given-names>Bruno</given-names>
            </name>
          </contrib>
        </contrib-group>
      </front-stub>
      <body>
        <p>
          <bold>Dear Editor,</bold>
        </p>
        <p>We are grateful to the authors for their valuable comments regarding our study entitled &#8220;Addition of High-Sensitivity Troponin to Perioperative Risk Assessment Improves the Predictive Ability of Death in Non-Cardiac Surgery Patients&#8221;.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">1</xref></sup></p>
        <p>Indeed, the prevalence of surgery-related myocardial injury is higher in patients with previous coronary artery disease. However, patients undergoing cardiac procedures (e.g., cardiac surgery, catheterization, ablation, etc.) were excluded from our sample. Therefore, patients presenting with clinical features consistent with acute coronary syndrome were excluded from this study. Thus, we are dealing with data from a study that considered only patients with myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgeries (MINS).</p>
        <p>MINS remains a challenging clinical condition, as is the interpretation of high-sensitivity troponin variations. The recognition of myocardial injury has prognostic value, and when it does not manifest in typical acute coronary syndrome situations (electrocardiographic changes, chest pain, echocardiographic changes), it becomes clear that the pathophysiology does not involve acute coronary obstruction, and therefore, there is no need for coronary angiography.</p>
        <p>Therefore, routine high-sensitivity troponin measurement in the postoperative period adds prognostic value in both low and high-risk patients, as demonstrated in our study. However, we still have little to offer to these patients, and we should focus our efforts on reducing mortality from this deadly condition.</p>
      </body>
      <back>
        <ref-list>
          <title>Refer&#234;ncias</title>
          <ref id="B6">
            <label>1</label>
            <mixed-citation>1. Gomes BFO, Silva TMBD, Dutra GP, Peres LS, Camis&#227;o ND, Homena WS Jr, et al. Addition of High-sensitivity Troponin to Perioperative Risk Assessment Improves the Predictive Ability of Death in Non-cardiac Surgery Patients. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2024;121(4):e20230623. doi: 10.36660/abc.20230623.</mixed-citation>
            <element-citation publication-type="journal">
              <person-group person-group-type="author">
                <name>
                  <surname>Gomes</surname>
                  <given-names>BFO</given-names>
                </name>
                <name>
                  <surname>Silva</surname>
                  <given-names>TMBD</given-names>
                </name>
                <name>
                  <surname>Dutra</surname>
                  <given-names>GP</given-names>
                </name>
                <name>
                  <surname>Peres</surname>
                  <given-names>LS</given-names>
                </name>
                <name>
                  <surname>Camis&#227;o</surname>
                  <given-names>ND</given-names>
                </name>
                <name>
                  <surname>Homena</surname>
                  <given-names>WS</given-names>
                  <suffix>Jr</suffix>
                </name>
                <etal>et al</etal>
              </person-group>
              <article-title>Addition of High-sensitivity Troponin to Perioperative Risk Assessment Improves the Predictive Ability of Death in Non-cardiac Surgery Patients</article-title>
              <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
              <year>2024</year>
              <volume>121</volume>
              <issue>4</issue>
              <elocation-id>e20230623</elocation-id>
              <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20230623</pub-id>
            </element-citation>
          </ref>
        </ref-list>
      </back>
    </sub-article>
  </sub-article>
</article>
