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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">kynf8LTW4DPNCGSWBVwkjXf</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2024000600206</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00206</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20240318</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Existe Rela&#231;&#227;o entre Atividade F&#237;sica no Tempo Livre e Incid&#234;ncia de Hipertens&#227;o Arterial?</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Lima</surname>
            <given-names>Jacqueline</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6327-1428</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Franzoni</surname>
            <given-names>Leandro</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Monteiro</surname>
            <given-names>Elren Passos</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal do Par&#225; - Campus Castanhal</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Castanhal</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Programa de P&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias do Movimento Humano - Universidade Federal do Par&#225; - Campus Castanhal, Castanhal &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>2</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RS</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Programa de P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de: Cardiologia e Ci&#234;ncias Cardiovasculares &#8211; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Leandro Franzoni</bold> &#8226; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) - Rua Itabora&#237;, 683. CEP <postal-code>90040-060</postal-code>, Porto Alegre, RS - Brasil E-mail: <email>lfranzoni@hcpa.edu.br</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>19</day>
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>121</volume>
      <issue>6</issue>
      <elocation-id>e20240318</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>08</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>04</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>04</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Doen&#231;as Cardiovasculares</kwd>
        <kwd>Exerc&#237;cio F&#237;sico</kwd>
        <kwd>Hipertens&#227;o</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="11"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>As doen&#231;as cardiovasculares (DCVs) s&#227;o um grupo de doen&#231;as ligadas aos vasos sangu&#237;neos, ao cora&#231;&#227;o e aos tecidos adjacentes que impactam na sa&#250;de e na vida normal, sendo que &#233; uma doen&#231;a que possui uma das mais altas taxas de morbimortalidade no mundo.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> Em 2019, a maior causa de morte no mundo foram as DCVs, respons&#225;veis por 16% do total de mortes.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> No mesmo ano, apresentou um total de mortes de 8,9 milh&#245;es ao redor do mundo.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup></p>
    <p>As DCVs s&#227;o a principal causa de morte, hospitaliza&#231;&#245;es e atendimentos ambulatoriais em todo o mundo, inclusive em pa&#237;ses em desenvolvimento como o Brasil.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Assim como, as DCVs, a hipertens&#227;o arterial (HA) &#233; o principal fator de risco para morbidade, mortalidade e incapacidade por DCVs.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup></p>
    <p>A HA &#233; uma doen&#231;a cr&#244;nica n&#227;o transmiss&#237;vel definida por n&#237;veis press&#243;ricos que a categorizam, assim como, &#233; uma condi&#231;&#227;o multifatorial, que depende de fatores gen&#233;ticos, epigen&#233;ticos, ambientais e sociais, caracterizada fisiologicamente por eleva&#231;&#227;o persistente da press&#227;o arterial (PA).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Ela pode ser evit&#225;vel ou adiada por um conjunto de interven&#231;&#245;es preventivas, entre as quais incluem a redu&#231;&#227;o da ingest&#227;o de sal, uma dieta rica em frutas e vegetais e exerc&#237;cio f&#237;sico.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Estudos anteriores sugeriram que a atividade f&#237;sica no tempo livre (AFTL), estava inversamente associada ao risco de HA.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Assim, a AFTL tem sido recomendada como um estilo de vida preventivo para HA.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Diante disso, nesta edi&#231;&#227;o dos Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, Souza et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> investigaram de forma longitudinal, a associa&#231;&#227;o entre as mudan&#231;as na AFTL e a incid&#234;ncia de HA em participantes do ELSA-Brasil (Estudo Longitudinal de Sa&#250;de do Adulto). O ELSA-Brasil &#233; um grande estudo de coorte multic&#234;ntrico, que tem como foco investigar a incid&#234;ncia e a progress&#227;o da obesidade, diabetes e DCVs, em adultos brasileiros com idade entre 35 e 74 anos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup></p>
    <p>O estudo analisou dados de 8.968 participantes, sendo 4916 mulheres e 4052 homens, em dois per&#237;odos distintos: da linha de base (2008-2010) e acompanhados at&#233; o primeiro segmento (2012-2014).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> Foram selecionados indiv&#237;duos com PA normal (normotensos) e excluiu qualquer pessoa com diagn&#243;stico de HA ou que estivesse sob uso de medicamentos para o tratamento da HA. Todos os participantes responderam os question&#225;rios sobre avalia&#231;&#227;o da AFTL (Question&#225;rio Internacional de Atividade F&#237;sica -IPAQ- vers&#227;o longa), que &#233; composto por quest&#245;es relativas &#224; frequ&#234;ncia e &#224; dura&#231;&#227;o de atividades f&#237;sicas (caminhada - moderada e vigorosa) desenvolvidas no trabalho, no deslocamento, nas atividades dom&#233;sticas e no tempo livre.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Como resultado, Souza et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> identificaram que a incid&#234;ncia de HA no primeiro segmento foi de 16,9%, sendo 12,8% entre as mulheres e de 21,9% entre os homens, indicou tamb&#233;m associa&#231;&#227;o estat&#237;stica entre AFTL e HA em participantes muito ativos: risco de HA reduzido em 35% entre homens RR = 0,65 (IC 95% 0,50-0,86) e risco de HA reduzido em 66% entre as mulheres RR = 0,34 (IC 95% 0,20-0,58).</p>
    <p>Com tudo isso, os autores na discuss&#227;o associam a AFTL, o grupo muito ativo fisicamente, a um menor risco de desenvolver HA ao longo do tempo. Ademais, as mulheres tiveram uma redu&#231;&#227;o ainda mais acentuada no risco em compara&#231;&#227;o aos homens. Contudo, isso n&#227;o significa que a AF moderada seja ineficaz na preven&#231;&#227;o da HA,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> visto que realiza&#231;&#227;o de AFTL com intensidade moderada a vigorosa j&#225; se mostrou eficiente para preven&#231;&#227;o de condi&#231;&#245;es como as DCVs e at&#233; diabetes.</p>
    <p>Os resultados deste estudo destacam o papel crucial da AFTL na redu&#231;&#227;o do risco de HA, especialmente quando praticada de forma consistente. Estes achados sublinham a import&#226;ncia de promover um estilo de vida ativo como medida preventiva contra a HA independentemente do sexo.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup></p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other" id="fn1">
        <p>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Atividade F&#237;sica no Tempo Livre e Incid&#234;ncia de Hipertens&#227;o Arterial em Participantes do ELSA-Brasil</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
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  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S1" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20240318i</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Is There a Relationship Between Physical Activity in Free Time and the Incidence of High Blood Pressure?</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Lima</surname>
            <given-names>Jacqueline</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6327-1428</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Franzoni</surname>
            <given-names>Leandro</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Monteiro</surname>
            <given-names>Elren Passos</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff3">
          <label>1</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Castanhal</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Programa de P&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias do Movimento Humano - Universidade Federal do Par&#225; - Campus Castanhal, Castanhal &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff4">
          <label>2</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RS</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Programa de P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de: Cardiologia e Ci&#234;ncias Cardiovasculares &#8211; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Mailing Address: Leandro Franzoni</bold> &#8226; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) - Rua Itabora&#237;, 683. Postal Code <postal-code>90040-060</postal-code>, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil E-mail: <email>lfranzoni@hcpa.edu.br</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Cardiovascular Diseases</kwd>
        <kwd>Exercise</kwd>
        <kwd>Hypertension</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of diseases linked to blood vessels, the heart, and adjacent tissues that impact health and normal life, and it is a disease that has one of the highest morbidity and mortality rates in the world.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> In 2019, the biggest cause of death in the world was CVDs, responsible for 16% of total deaths.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> In the same year, there were a total of 8.9 million deaths around the world.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup></p>
      <p>CVDs are the main cause of death, hospitalizations, and outpatient care throughout the world, including in developing countries such as Brazil.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Just like CVDs, arterial hypertension (AH) is the main risk factor for morbidity, mortality, and disability due to CVDs.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup></p>
      <p>AH is a chronic non-communicable disease defined by blood pressure levels that categorize it, as well as a multifactorial condition, which depends on genetic, epigenetic, environmental, and social factors, physiologically characterized by persistent elevation of blood pressure (BP).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> It can be preventable or delayed by a set of preventive interventions, including reducing salt intake, a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and physical exercise.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Previous studies have suggested that physical activity in free time (PAFT), was inversely associated with the risk of AH.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Thus, PAFT has been recommended as a preventive lifestyle for AH.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Therefore, in this edition of the <italic>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</italic>, Souza et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> investigated longitudinally, the association between changes in PAFT and the incidence of AH in participants of the ELSA-Brazil (Longitudinal Study of Adult Health). ELSA-Brazil is a large multicenter cohort study, which focuses on investigating the incidence and progression of obesity, diabetes, and CVD, in Brazilian adults aged between 35 and 74 years.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup></p>
      <p>The study analyzed data from 8,968 participants, 4916 women, and 4052 men, in two different periods: from baseline (2008-2010) and followed until the first segment (2012-2014).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> Individuals with normal BP (normotensive) were selected and anyone diagnosed with AH or who was taking medication to treat AH was excluded. All participants answered the questionnaires on assessment of PAFT (International Physical Activity Questionnaire -IPAQ- long version), which is composed of questions relating to the frequency and duration of physical activities (walking - moderate and vigorous) carried out at work while commuting, in domestic activities and in free time.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup></p>
      <p>As a result, Souza et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> identified that the incidence of AH in the first segment was 16.9%, 12.8% among women, and 21.9% among men, also indicating a statistical association between PAFT and AH in very active participants: risk of AH reduced by 35 % among men RR = 0.65 (95% IC 0.50-0.86) and risk of AH reduced by 66% among women RR = 0.34 (95% IC 0.20-0.58).</p>
      <p>With all this, the authors in the discussion associate PAFT, the very physically active group, with a lower risk of developing hypertension over time. Furthermore, women had an even more pronounced reduction in risk compared to men. However, this does not mean that moderate PA is ineffective in preventing AH,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> as performing PAFT with moderate to vigorous intensity has already been shown to be efficient in preventing conditions such as CVD and even diabetes.</p>
      <p>The results of this study highlight the crucial role of PAFT in reducing the risk of AH, especially when practiced consistently. These findings highlight the importance of promoting an active lifestyle as a preventive measure against AH regardless of gender.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup></p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other" id="fn2">
          <p>Short Editorial related to the article: Leisure Time Physical Activity and Incidence of Arterial Hypertension in ELSA-Brasil Participants</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
