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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="editorial" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="sps-1.9" xml:lang="pt">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">D4JkRKnYJWJnzdbC6L6Lg5B</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2024000600101</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00101</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20240258</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Diretrizes da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia: Novas Normas, Novos Desafios</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor" corresp="yes">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-2447-2577</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Polanczyk</surname>
            <given-names>Carisi A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-9901-6421</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Luna</surname>
            <given-names>Leonardo Castro</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>4</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-3920-5815</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Rey</surname>
            <given-names>Helena Cramer Veiga</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>4</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6465-0780</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Moreira</surname>
            <given-names>Humberto Graner</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
            <sup>5</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
            <sup>6</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-2129-4947</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>de Arruda</surname>
            <given-names>Jos&#233; Airton</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
            <sup>7</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6186-3537</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>de Barros e Silva</surname>
            <given-names>Pedro Gabriel Melo</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">
            <sup>8</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">
            <sup>9</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">
            <sup>10</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3990-7158</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>de Seixas Rocha</surname>
            <given-names>Mario</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11">
            <sup>11</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">
            <sup>12</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>2</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff3">
          <label>3</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Moinhos de Vento</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff4">
          <label>4</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Minist&#233;rio da Sa&#250;de</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Rio de Janeiro</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia, Minist&#233;rio da Sa&#250;de, Rio de Janeiro, RJ &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff5">
          <label>5</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Goi&#225;s</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Goi&#226;nia</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">GO</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Goi&#225;s, Goi&#226;nia, GO &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff6">
          <label>6</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Unidade Goi&#226;nia</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Goi&#226;nia</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">GO</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein - Unidade Goi&#226;nia, Goi&#226;nia, GO &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff7">
          <label>7</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Evang&#233;lico</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Vila Velha</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">ES</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital Evang&#233;lico, Vila Velha, ES &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff8">
          <label>8</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Hcor Research Institute</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hcor Research Institute, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff9">
          <label>9</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Brazilian Clinical Research Institute</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Brazilian Clinical Research Institute, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff10">
          <label>10</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Centro Universit&#225;rio S&#227;o Camilo</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Centro Universit&#225;rio S&#227;o Camilo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff11">
          <label>11</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Sa&#250;de P&#250;blica</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Salvador</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">BA</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">P&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o em Medicina e Sa&#250;de Humana da Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Sa&#250;de P&#250;blica, Salvador, BA &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff12">
          <label>12</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Mater Dei</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Salvador</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">BA</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital Mater Dei, Salvador, BA &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Carisi A. Polanczyk</bold> &#8226; Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre. Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, sala 21507.CEP <postal-code>90035-903</postal-code>, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brasil E-mail: <email>cpolanczyk@hcpa.edu.br</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>17</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>121</volume>
      <issue>6</issue>
      <elocation-id>e20240258</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>16</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>24</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>24</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Guia</kwd>
        <kwd>Guia de Pr&#225;tica Cl&#237;nica</kwd>
        <kwd>Publica&#231;&#245;es Cient&#237;ficas e T&#233;cnicas</kwd>
        <kwd>Comunica&#231;&#227;o e Divulga&#231;&#227;o Cient&#237;fica</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="4"/>
        <table-count count="2"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="15"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>As diretrizes m&#233;dicas desempenham um papel fundamental na orienta&#231;&#227;o dos profissionais de sa&#250;de e na promo&#231;&#227;o de padr&#245;es de cuidados eficazes e seguros. Essas foram descritas h&#225; d&#233;cadas e surgiram com o movimento da medicina baseada em evid&#234;ncias, sistematizando a melhor ci&#234;ncia dispon&#237;vel em recomenda&#231;&#245;es pr&#225;ticas. A cardiologia foi pioneira nesse sentido, com a American Heart Association e o American College of Cardiology criando juntos, em 1980, uma for&#231;a-tarefa para elaborar e fornecer orienta&#231;&#245;es detalhadas e baseadas em evid&#234;ncias sobre o diagn&#243;stico e tratamento de diversas condi&#231;&#245;es cardiovasculares.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Outro documento marcante pelo pioneirismo foi a diretriz para o tratamento da hipertens&#227;o arterial, publicada oficialmente pelo Joint National Committee dos Estados Unidos em 1977, que estabeleceu novos padr&#245;es de cuidado em uma &#233;poca de r&#225;pidas mudan&#231;as cient&#237;ficas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Diretrizes m&#233;dicas t&#234;m como objetivo maior o de refletir um esfor&#231;o colaborativo entre especialistas, pesquisadores e organiza&#231;&#245;es de sa&#250;de para sintetizar as mais recentes e melhores evid&#234;ncias cient&#237;ficas e traduzi-las em recomenda&#231;&#245;es para a pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Ao longo dos anos, a elabora&#231;&#227;o das diretrizes m&#233;dicas foi incorporando metodologias mais rigorosas e buscando maior transpar&#234;ncia. O processo envolve uma revis&#227;o abrangente da literatura, identifica&#231;&#227;o e avalia&#231;&#227;o cr&#237;tica das evid&#234;ncias dispon&#237;veis, elabora&#231;&#227;o de recomenda&#231;&#245;es precisas com base nesses achados e, por fim, revis&#227;o por pares e valida&#231;&#227;o por especialistas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> Al&#233;m disso, as diretrizes geralmente s&#227;o atualizadas periodicamente para refletir os avan&#231;os cient&#237;ficos e as mudan&#231;as que devem ter impacto nas pr&#225;ticas m&#233;dicas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup></p>
    <p>V&#225;rios estudos descreveram o impacto das diretrizes em indicadores de sa&#250;de e no atendimento direto aos pacientes. S&#227;o vastas as evid&#234;ncias demonstrando que elas ajudaram a padronizar os cuidados de sa&#250;de, garantindo que os pacientes recebam os melhores tratamentos dispon&#237;veis. Em muitos cen&#225;rios, a melhoria na qualidade dos cuidados foi associada &#224; redu&#231;&#227;o de complica&#231;&#245;es e mortalidade, al&#233;m de contribuir para o uso mais eficiente dos recursos de sa&#250;de.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Se por um lado as diretrizes trouxeram muitos avan&#231;os, por outro lado, a r&#225;pida evolu&#231;&#227;o do conhecimento m&#233;dico coloca um &#244;nus sobre as sociedades cient&#237;ficas para atualizar continuamente as diretrizes, sendo um processo que exige tempo, dilig&#234;ncia e recursos consider&#225;veis. Paralelamente, o acesso &#224;s recomenda&#231;&#245;es e a forma como s&#227;o oferecidas constituem desafios &#250;nicos. A varia&#231;&#227;o na infraestrutura de sa&#250;de, limita&#231;&#245;es de recursos, diferen&#231;as culturais e heterogeneidade na forma&#231;&#227;o m&#233;dica tamb&#233;m s&#227;o barreiras que refor&#231;am a necessidade de uma abordagem flex&#237;vel e contempor&#226;nea no oferecimento e dissemina&#231;&#227;o das diretrizes.</p>
    <sec>
      <title>Diretrizes na Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia</title>
      <p>As primeiras diretrizes da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia (SBC) surgiram tamb&#233;m nas d&#233;cadas de 1980 e 1990, abordando as quest&#245;es relacionadas ao diagn&#243;stico e tratamento das doen&#231;as cardiovasculares prevalentes, como hipertens&#227;o arterial, doen&#231;a arterial coronariana e insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> Em 2006, foi institu&#237;do o Conselho de Normatiza&#231;&#245;es e Diretrizes (ConDir) da SBC, respons&#225;vel por coordenar a elabora&#231;&#227;o de diretrizes e normas t&#233;cnicas para orientar a pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica dos cardiologistas brasileiros. Assim como para outras sociedades internacionais de cardiologia, esses documentos t&#234;m metas claras, e incluem: melhorar a qualidade da assist&#234;ncia prestada; contribuir para que tratamentos seguros e eficazes possam ser oferecidos ao maior n&#250;mero poss&#237;vel de pacientes, independentemente do local e do profissional de sa&#250;de que o atendeu; evitar pr&#225;ticas inapropriadas e n&#227;o respaldadas cientificamente; e, finalmente, otimizar o uso dos recursos dispon&#237;veis, evitando desperd&#237;cios e buscando manter a sustentabilidade do sistema de sa&#250;de.</p>
      <p>Certamente, as Diretrizes da SBC se tornaram uma refer&#234;ncia importante para o atendimento dos pacientes com doen&#231;as cardiovasculares no Brasil, sendo n&#227;o s&#243; um balizador aos profissionais de sa&#250;de, mas tamb&#233;m um norte a todo ecossistema: prestadores, fontes pagadoras e gestores em sa&#250;de.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec>
      <title>Nova proposta para SBC</title>
      <p>Ao longo dos anos, os membros do ConDir, dessa e de gest&#245;es passadas, se depararam com os desafios para aprimorar os documentos cient&#237;ficos da SBC. Ouvindo a comunidade, quem coordena, escreve, divulga, e especialmente os m&#233;dicos que leem e usam as diretrizes na pr&#225;tica, foi iniciado um processo de reformula&#231;&#227;o das normativas. Nesse processo, o ConDir, em alinhamento com as recomenda&#231;&#245;es do Guidelines International Network (GIN),<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> GIN-McMaster Guideline Development Checklist<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref></sup> e outros organismos internacionais, estabeleceu uma atualiza&#231;&#227;o das suas normas e sua composi&#231;&#227;o, as quais foram homologadas pelo Conselho Diretivo da SBC e recentemente publicadas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref></sup> As novas normas trazem mudan&#231;as estruturais significativas no modelo de desenvolvimento destes documentos.</p>
      <p>As normas t&#234;m 3 diferen&#231;as importantes em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224;s regras anteriores: 1) redefini&#231;&#227;o dos termos diretrizes e posicionamento; 2) a introdu&#231;&#227;o de recomenda&#231;&#245;es m&#233;dicas, documentos menores e objetivos, elaborados a partir de uma revis&#227;o sistem&#225;tica e com a finalidade de responder uma pergunta cient&#237;fica no formato PICO (P = popula&#231;&#227;o; I = interven&#231;&#227;o; C = comparador; O = desfecho); 3) a ado&#231;&#227;o do Sistema GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) para estabelecer o n&#237;vel de evid&#234;ncia e for&#231;a da recomenda&#231;&#227;o (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t1">Quadro 1</xref>).</p>
      <table-wrap id="t1">
        <label>Quadro 1</label>
        <caption>
          <title>O que muda nas novas normativas das Diretrizes da SBC</title>
        </caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
          <colgroup width="50%">
            <col/>
            <col/>
          </colgroup>
          <thead style="border-top: thin solid; border-bottom: thin solid; border-color: #000000">
            <tr style="background-color:#76b4d0;">
              <th align="center" valign="top">At&#233; 2023</th>
              <th align="center" valign="top">A partir de 2024</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody style="border-bottom: thin solid; border-color: #000000">
            <tr>
              <td align="center" valign="middle">Terminologia: diretrizes, posicionamentos e atualiza&#231;&#245;es</td>
              <td align="center" valign="middle">Terminologia: recomenda&#231;&#245;es, diretrizes e posicionamentos</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="background-color:#c7dfec">
              <td align="center" valign="middle">Coordenadores e especialistas escolhidos por tema ou subitem da Diretriz</td>
              <td align="center" valign="middle">Coordenadores e l&#237;deres definem escopo da Diretriz e elaboram perguntas PICO</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="center" valign="middle">Revis&#227;o da literatura pelos especialistas</td>
              <td align="center" valign="middle">Revis&#227;o sistem&#225;tica da literatura por metodologistas e especialistas</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="background-color:#c7dfec">
              <td align="center" valign="middle">For&#231;a de recomenda&#231;&#227;o e n&#237;vel de evid&#234;ncia baseados nos artigos dispon&#237;veis da literatura sobre o tema</td>
              <td align="center" valign="middle">For&#231;a de recomenda&#231;&#227;o e n&#237;vel de evid&#234;ncia baseados no conjunto das evid&#234;ncias por desfecho cl&#237;nico</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="center" valign="middle">
                <bold>Gradua&#231;&#227;o da recomenda&#231;&#227;o em categorias de 1, 2a, 2b e 3, com for&#231;a da evid&#234;ncia classificada em A, B ou C.</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center" valign="middle">
                <bold>Gradua&#231;&#227;o mais simples (recomenda&#231;&#227;o forte, fraca ou neutra; certeza de evid&#234;ncia alta, moderada, baixa ou muito baixa) Sistema GRADE para estabelecer o n&#237;vel de evid&#234;ncia e for&#231;a da recomenda&#231;&#227;o</bold>
              </td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="background-color:#c7dfec">
              <td align="center" valign="middle">Documentos mais extensos abordando epidemiologia, diagn&#243;stico e tratamento de forma textual</td>
              <td align="center" valign="middle">Documentos mais curtos com perguntas PICO relevantes e recomenda&#231;&#245;es objetivas da SBC sobre o tema</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
              <td align="center" valign="middle">Exposi&#231;&#227;o do tamanho do efeito (desfechos de benef&#237;cio e malef&#237;cio) atrav&#233;s de tabelas</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="background-color:#c7dfec">
              <td align="center" valign="middle">Realiza&#231;&#227;o de nova diretriz com intervalos de alguns anos</td>
              <td align="center" valign="middle">Realiza&#231;&#227;o peri&#243;dica da busca de cada Recomenda&#231;&#227;o para avaliar a necessidade de atualiza&#231;&#227;o</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="center" valign="middle">Recomenda&#231;&#227;o m&#233;dica definida por especialistas no tema</td>
              <td align="center" valign="middle">Recomenda&#231;&#227;o m&#233;dica definida por um painel de profissionais diverso e multidisciplinar</td>
            </tr>
            <tr style="background-color:#c7dfec">
              <td align="center" valign="middle">Avalia&#231;&#227;o dos conflitos de interesse financeiros de cada participante</td>
              <td align="center" valign="middle">Avalia&#231;&#227;o dos conflitos de interesse financeiros e intelectuais de cada participante</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
              <td align="center" valign="middle">Prioriza&#231;&#227;o de desfechos cl&#237;nicos cr&#237;ticos e importantes para o paciente, evitando-se desfechos n&#227;o importantes ou substitutos</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
      </table-wrap>
      <p>Os posicionamentos (<italic>statement</italic>) e suas diferen&#231;as em rela&#231;&#227;o a uma diretriz (<italic>guidelines</italic>) s&#227;o destacados nessas orienta&#231;&#245;es. As diretrizes cl&#237;nicas s&#227;o destinadas a orientar tecnicamente os profissionais de sa&#250;de e popula&#231;&#227;o em rela&#231;&#227;o a determinada condi&#231;&#227;o de sa&#250;de ou tecnologia. Os posicionamentos s&#227;o focados em documentos de natureza normativa, regulat&#243;ria ou de ensino da SBC. Nessa constru&#231;&#227;o foi inserido um novo informativo denominado de "recomenda&#231;&#227;o", que &#233; o elemento base para a constru&#231;&#227;o das diretrizes (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figura 1</xref>). Este novo documento se destina a dar suporte aos profissionais em uma tomada de decis&#227;o espec&#237;fica e se baseia numa revis&#227;o sistem&#225;tica da literatura de acordo com a pergunta PICO escolhida, e que pode ser elaborada pela pr&#243;pria SBC ou utilizando uma revis&#227;o sistem&#225;tica j&#225; publicada, incluindo uma adapta&#231;&#227;o de uma diretriz cl&#237;nica atual de outra institui&#231;&#227;o sobre o tema. Ap&#243;s a apresenta&#231;&#227;o dos dados cient&#237;ficos desta revis&#227;o sistem&#225;tica, um painel diverso e multidisciplinar gerar&#225; uma recomenda&#231;&#227;o sob o formato GRADE (for&#231;a de recomenda&#231;&#227;o e certeza da evid&#234;ncia cient&#237;fica). As recomenda&#231;&#245;es ser&#227;o publicadas no formato de artigo original pelo peri&#243;dico Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia (ABC Cardiol), e cada recomenda&#231;&#227;o subsidiar&#225;, no futuro, as atualiza&#231;&#245;es das diretrizes plenas. Dessa forma, busca-se que as novas diretrizes sejam baseadas nas melhores evid&#234;ncias cient&#237;ficas dispon&#237;veis utilizando m&#233;todos reconhecidos, robustos e transparentes. Al&#233;m disso, as novas normas reiteram que uma das premissas fundamentais das diretrizes cl&#237;nicas &#233; que elas sejam desenvolvidas levando em considera&#231;&#227;o as opini&#245;es daqueles que podem ser afetados pela diretriz (incluindo profissionais de sa&#250;de e outros profissionais, pacientes e seus cuidadores, gestores do sistema de sa&#250;de, &#243;rg&#227;os governamentais e o sistema suplementar de sa&#250;de).</p>
      <fig id="f1">
        <label>Figura 1</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Documentos cient&#237;ficos da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia.</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-121-06-e20240258-40258-gf01.tif"/></fig>
      <p>Finalmente, as novas normas da SBC estabelecem que a apresenta&#231;&#227;o de uma recomenda&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica deve seguir a metodologia GRADE.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref></sup> No novo modelo de apresenta&#231;&#227;o, estar&#227;o bem estabelecidas a dire&#231;&#227;o (contra ou a favor) e a for&#231;a da recomenda&#231;&#227;o (forte ou fraca), al&#233;m do n&#237;vel de certeza das evid&#234;ncias indicado pelo metodologista (alto, moderado, baixo ou muito baixo). O modelo de reda&#231;&#227;o a ser adotado para as recomenda&#231;&#245;es &#233;: "Para a popula&#231;&#227;o X, a Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia recomenda (a favor ou contra) a ado&#231;&#227;o da estrat&#233;gia Y (em detrimento da estrat&#233;gia Z - opcional); recomenda&#231;&#227;o (forte ou fraca) baseada em um n&#237;vel de certeza (alto, moderado, baixo ou muito baixo) da evid&#234;ncia cient&#237;fica.".</p>
      <p>No sentido de garantir a melhor rela&#231;&#227;o entre todas as partes envolvidas, as normas descrevem tamb&#233;m os pap&#233;is e responsabilidades de todos os envolvidos nas constru&#231;&#245;es destes documentos, incluindo os membros do Conselho de Normatiza&#231;&#227;o de Diretrizes (CONDIR), o coordenador(a) de diretriz, o editor(a) de recomenda&#231;&#245;es, os membros do painel de recomenda&#231;&#227;o, o metodologista, o grupo revisor e os membros de integra&#231;&#227;o (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figura 2</xref>). Desta maneira, busca-se trazer clareza para a organiza&#231;&#227;o das atividades e, principalmente, transpar&#234;ncia, reprodutibilidade e maior seguran&#231;a de que as decis&#245;es do painel se apoiam nas melhores evid&#234;ncias.</p>
      <fig id="f2">
        <label>Figura 2</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Ciclo para desenvolvimento das Diretrizes da SBC. ConDir: Conselho de Normatiza&#231;&#245;es e Diretrizes.</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-121-06-e20240258-40258-gf02.tif"/></fig>
      <p>As rela&#231;&#245;es entre o neg&#243;cio da sa&#250;de, ind&#250;stria farmac&#234;utica, equipamentos, &#243;rteses e pr&#243;teses sempre permear&#227;o a exist&#234;ncia de uma sociedade m&#233;dica, mas &#233; consenso dentro da condu&#231;&#227;o de qualquer ato m&#233;dico que exista transpar&#234;ncia e &#233;tica. As normas da Diretrizes da SBC sempre foram expl&#237;citas em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; import&#226;ncia da declara&#231;&#227;o de conflito de interesse entre seus participantes, e a revis&#227;o das normativas refor&#231;a e corrobora as defini&#231;&#245;es vigentes.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec>
      <title>Reflex&#245;es futuras, desafios e novas perspectivas</title>
      <p>O per&#237;odo de transi&#231;&#227;o rumo a um modelo renovado de diretrizes ressalta a import&#226;ncia da flexibilidade e do apoio nessa fase em que documentos antigos e novos ir&#227;o conviver. A SBC adota, ent&#227;o, uma abordagem h&#237;brida, permitindo a integra&#231;&#227;o de elementos do modelo anterior com inova&#231;&#245;es, como as perguntas PICO e a aplica&#231;&#227;o do sistema GRADE. Tal modelo h&#237;brido permitir&#225; uma transi&#231;&#227;o gradual, embora traga consigo desafios espec&#237;ficos de integra&#231;&#227;o e clareza. Neste momento, a SBC est&#225; estruturada para dar apoio aos l&#237;deres dos documentos na condu&#231;&#227;o e elabora&#231;&#227;o destes, bem como buscar novos formatos e mecanismos de divulga&#231;&#227;o e comunica&#231;&#227;o com a comunidade m&#233;dica.</p>
      <p>A implementa&#231;&#227;o efetiva das diretrizes apresenta obst&#225;culos not&#225;veis, tais como a resist&#234;ncia &#224; mudan&#231;a, a heterogeneidade nas pr&#225;ticas m&#233;dicas a n&#237;vel regional e os entraves no acesso a tecnologias inovadoras e tratamentos avan&#231;ados. A frequ&#234;ncia das atualiza&#231;&#245;es, por sua vez, pode suscitar d&#250;vidas entre os profissionais da sa&#250;de. Diante desses desafios, a SBC tem adotado medidas estrat&#233;gicas, incluindo iniciativas de educa&#231;&#227;o m&#233;dica continuada e o desenvolvimento de ferramentas digitais para promover o acesso facilitado &#224;s diretrizes revistas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref></sup></p>
      <p>O processo de transi&#231;&#227;o nas diretrizes da SBC &#233; um testemunho do comprometimento da Sociedade com a pr&#225;tica baseada em evid&#234;ncias e com o aprimoramento cont&#237;nuo do cuidado ao paciente. Embora represente um desafio, este per&#237;odo &#233; crucial para o progresso da cardiologia no Brasil. Com o suporte ininterrupto da SBC, a adaptabilidade durante a transi&#231;&#227;o e a ades&#227;o &#224;s metodologias atualizadas, a cardiologia brasileira est&#225; destinada a avan&#231;ar com excel&#234;ncia e pertin&#234;ncia.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
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  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S01" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20240258i</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Brazilian Society of Cardiology Guidelines: New Norms, New Challenges</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor" corresp="yes">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-2447-2577</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Polanczyk</surname>
            <given-names>Carisi A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-9901-6421</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Luna</surname>
            <given-names>Leonardo Castro</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff16">
            <sup>4</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-3920-5815</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Rey</surname>
            <given-names>Helena Cramer Veiga</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff16">
            <sup>4</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6465-0780</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Moreira</surname>
            <given-names>Humberto Graner</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17">
            <sup>5</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff18">
            <sup>6</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-2129-4947</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>de Arruda</surname>
            <given-names>Jos&#233; Airton</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff19">
            <sup>7</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6186-3537</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>de Barros e Silva</surname>
            <given-names>Pedro Gabriel Melo</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff20">
            <sup>8</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff21">
            <sup>9</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff22">
            <sup>10</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3990-7158</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>de Seixas Rocha</surname>
            <given-names>Mario</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff23">
            <sup>11</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff24">
            <sup>12</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff13">
          <label>1</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff14">
          <label>2</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff15">
          <label>3</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff16">
          <label>4</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Rio de Janeiro</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia, Minist&#233;rio da Sa&#250;de, Rio de Janeiro, RJ &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff17">
          <label>5</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Goi&#226;nia</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">GO</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Goi&#225;s, Goi&#226;nia, GO &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff18">
          <label>6</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Goi&#226;nia</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">GO</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein - Unidade Goi&#226;nia, Goi&#226;nia, GO &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff19">
          <label>7</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Vila Velha</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">ES</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital Evang&#233;lico, Vila Velha, ES &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff20">
          <label>8</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hcor Research Institute, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff21">
          <label>9</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Brazilian Clinical Research Institute, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff22">
          <label>10</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Centro Universit&#225;rio S&#227;o Camilo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff23">
          <label>11</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Salvador</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">BA</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">P&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o em Medicina e Sa&#250;de Humana da Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Sa&#250;de P&#250;blica, Salvador, BA &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff24">
          <label>12</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Salvador</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">BA</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital Mater Dei, Salvador, BA &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Mailing Address: Carisi A. Polanczyk</bold> &#8226; Instituto de Avalia&#231;&#227;o de Tecnologia em Sa&#250;de (IATS/CNPq) &#8211; Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre. Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, room 21507. Postal Code <postal-code>90035-903</postal-code>, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brazil E-mail: <email>cpolanczyk@hcpa.edu.br</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Guideline</kwd>
        <kwd>Practice Guideline</kwd>
        <kwd>Scientific and Technical Publications</kwd>
        <kwd>Scientific Communication and Diffusion</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Medical guidelines play a critical role in guiding health care professionals and promoting effective and safe standards of care. They emerged decades ago starting with the evidence-based medicine movement, systematizing the best available science into practical recommendations. Cardiology was a pioneer in this regard: in 1980 the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology formed a joint task force to develop and provide detailed, evidence-based guidance on diagnosis and treatment for various cardiovascular conditions.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Another pioneering document was a high blood pressure treatment guideline by the U.S. Joint National Committee in 1977, which set new care standards in a time of rapid scientific change.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Medical guidelines are a collaborative effort between experts, researchers, and health care organizations to synthesize the latest and best scientific evidence and translate it into recommendations for clinical practice.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Over the years, medical guidelines have incorporated more rigorous methodologies and sought greater transparency. The process involves a comprehensive review of the literature, identification and critical assessment of the available evidence, the development of precise recommendations based on these findings, and finally, peer review and validation by experts.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> Generally, guidelines receive periodic updates to reflect scientific advances and changes that are expected to impact medical practice.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup></p>
      <p>A number of studies have described the impact of guidelines on health indicators and direct patient care. There is extensive evidence that they have helped standardize health care, ensuring that patients receive the best available treatment. Improved care quality has been associated with a reduction in complications and mortality, in addition to more efficient use of health resources.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup></p>
      <p>While, on the one hand, guidelines have brought many advances, on the other hand, the quick evolution of medical knowledge requires scientific societies to continually update them, a process that demands considerable time, diligence, and resources. Moreover, the way in which recommendations are presented and ensuring access to them entail unique challenges. Variation in health care infrastructure, resource limitations, cultural differences, and heterogeneous medical training also call for a flexible and contemporary approach to the development and dissemination of guidelines.</p>
      <sec>
        <title>Brazilian Society of Cardiology Guidelines</title>
        <p>The first Brazilian Society of Cardiology (SBC) guidelines also emerged in the 1980s and 1990s, addressing issues related to the diagnosis and treatment of prevalent cardiovascular diseases, such as high blood pressure, coronary artery disease, and heart failure.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> In 2006, the SBC's Clinical Practice Guidelines Committee (ConDir) was established. It is responsible for coordinating the development of guidelines and technical standards for clinical practice among Brazilian cardiologists. The guidelines of other international cardiology societies have clear goals, including: improved care quality; safe and effective treatment for the greatest number of patients, regardless of location or health care provider; curbing unscientific practices; and optimal use of the available resources, avoiding waste and promoting the health system's sustainability.</p>
        <p>SBC Guidelines have become an important reference for cardiovascular care in Brazil, serving as a guide for health professionals and the entire ecosystem: providers, payment sources, and health managers.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>New proposal for the Brazilian Society of Cardiology</title>
        <p>ConDir members from current and past administrations have faced challenges in improving the SBC's scientific documents. Through listening to the community, ie, coordinators, writers, disseminators, and especially doctors who read and use the guidelines, a revision process was initiated. ConDir, in alignment with the Guidelines International Network (GIN),<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> the GIN-McMaster Guideline Development Checklist,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref></sup> and other international organizations, updated its norms, which were approved by the SBC board of directors and recently published.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref></sup> The new standards have resulted in significant structural changes to the documents&#8217; development model.</p>
        <p>There are 3 important differences in relation to previous norms: 1) redefinition of the terms "Guidelines" and "Statements": 2) the introduction of Medical Recommendations, which are smaller, objective documents based on systematic reviews to answer a specific scientific question through the PICO (P = Population, I = Intervention, C = Comparator, O = Outcome) format; 3) and use of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) System to indicate the strength and level of evidence of recommendations (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t2">chart 1</xref>).</p>
        <table-wrap id="t2">
          <label>Chart 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>What has changed in the new Brazilian Society of Cardiology Guidelines?</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup width="14%">
              <col/>
              <col/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead style="border-top: thin solid; border-bottom: thin solid; border-color: #000000">
              <tr style="background-color:#76b4d0;">
                <th align="center" valign="top">Up to 2023</th>
                <th align="center" valign="top">From 2024</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody style="border-bottom: thin solid; border-color: #000000">
              <tr>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">Terminology: Guidelines, Statements and Updates</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">Terminology: Recommendations, Guidelines and Statements</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="background-color:#c7dfec">
                <td align="center" valign="middle">Coordinators and experts chosen by topic or sub-item of the Guideline</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">Coordinators and leaders define the scope of the Guideline and prepare PICO questions</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">Literature review by experts</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">Systematic literature review by methodologists and experts</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="background-color:#c7dfec">
                <td align="center" valign="middle">Strength of Recommendation and Level of Evidence based on available literature articles on the topic</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">Strength of Recommendation and Level of Evidence based on the set of evidence by clinical outcome</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">
                  <bold>Graduation of the recommendation into categories of 1, 2a, 2b and 3, with strength of evidence classified as A, B or C.</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">
                  <bold>Simpler grading (Strong, Weak, or Neutral Recommendation; High, Moderate, Low or Very Low Certainty of Evidence) GRADE system to establish the level of evidence and strength of the recommendation</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="background-color:#c7dfec">
                <td align="center" valign="middle">More extensive documents covering epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment in textual form</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">Shorter documents with relevant PICO questions and objective SBC recommendations on the topic</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">Exposure of the effect size (benefit and harm outcomes) through Tables</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="background-color:#c7dfec">
                <td align="center" valign="middle">Creation of new Guidelines every few years</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">Periodically carry out a search for each Recommendation to assess the need for updating</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">Medical recommendation defined by experts on the subject</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">Medical recommendation defined by a diverse and multidisciplinary panel of professionals</td>
              </tr>
              <tr style="background-color:#c7dfec">
                <td align="center" valign="middle">Assessment of each participant's Financial Conflicts of Interest</td>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">Assessment of each participant's Financial and Intellectual Conflicts of Interest</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="center" valign="middle"/>
                <td align="center" valign="middle">Prioritization of critical and important Clinical Outcomes for the patient, avoiding unimportant or substitute outcomes</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>Regarding the difference between Statements and Guidelines, Clinical Guidelines are intended as a technical guide about a specific health condition or technology for health professionals and the public, whereas Statements refer to SBC documents of a normative, regulatory, or educational nature. Within this framework, Recommendations were added, which are the basic components of the Guidelines (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f3">Figure 1</xref>). This new document, which is intended to help professionals with specific decisions, is based on a systematic review of the literature according to the selected PICO question, and can be produced by the SBC itself or based on a previously published systematic review, including adaptations of current clinical guidelines from another institution. After presenting the systematic review data, a multidisciplinary panel will formulate a recommendation using the GRADE format (strength of recommendation and certainty of scientific evidence). Recommendations will be published as original articles in the <italic>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</italic> and each Recommendation will be used in future updates of the Guidelines. Thus, new guidelines will be based on the best available evidence using recognized, robust, and transparent methods. According to new norms, clinical guidelines must be developed considering the views of those who may be affected by them, including health care and other professionals, patients and their caregivers, health care system managers, government agencies, and the supplementary health system.</p>
        <fig id="f3">
          <label>Figure 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Brazilian Society of Cardiology scientific documents.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-121-06-e20240258-40258-gf01-en.tif"/></fig>
        <p>Finally, according to new SBC norms, Clinical Recommendations must follow GRADE methodology.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref></sup> In the new model, the direction (against or for) and strength (strong or weak) of the recommendation will be presented, in addition to the level of evidence (high, moderate, low, or very low). The model for Recommendations is: "For population X, the SBC recommends (against or for) strategy Y based on a (high, moderate, low, or very low) level of scientific evidence".</p>
        <p>To ensure the best relationship between all involved parties, the norms also describe the roles and responsibilities of everyone involved in the development of these documents, including the members of ConDir, the Guideline Coordinator, the Recommendation Editor, the Recommendation Panel Members, the Methodologist, the Review Group, and other team members (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f4">Figure 2</xref>). Thus, the aim is to maximize the organization of the process, especially its transparency and reproducibility, which will lead to greater certainty that decisions have been made according to the best evidence.</p>
        <fig id="f4">
          <label>Figure 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Development flowchart for the Brazilian Society of Cardiology Guidelines.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-121-06-e20240258-40258-gf02-en.tif"/></fig>
        <p>The relationship between the health care system, the pharmaceutical industry, equipment, orthotics, and prosthetics is a perpetual issue in medical societies, but there is consensus that transparency and ethics are essential for any medical act. The SBC Guidelines have always stressed the importance of declaring conflicts of interest between its participants, and the revised norms reinforce and corroborate current definitions.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Future reflections, challenges and new perspectives</title>
        <p>Flexibility and support are important during the transition phase to a new guideline model, in which both old and new documents will coexist. The SBC has adopted a hybrid approach, allowing the integration of elements from the previous model with innovations, such as PICO questions and the GRADE system. This hybrid model will allow for a gradual transition, although it involves certain challenges regarding integration and clarity. At this point, the SBC is supporting leaders in document development and is seeking new formats and mechanisms of dissemination and communication with the medical community.</p>
        <p>There are serious obstacles to effective implementation of the guidelines, such as resistance to change, the heterogeneity of medical practice on a regional level, and limited access to innovative technologies and advanced treatments. The frequency of updates could also reduce confidence among health professionals. Due to these challenges, the SBC has adopted strategic measures, including continuing education initiatives and the development of digital tools, to promote easier access to the revised guidelines.</p>
        <p>The transition process in SBC guidelines is a testament to the Society's commitment to evidence-based practice and continuous improvement in patient care. Although it is challenging, this period is critical for the progress of cardiology in Brazil. With SBC's uninterrupted support, adaptability during the transition period, and adherence to updated methodologies, Brazilian cardiology is destined to advance with excellence and relevance.</p>
      </sec>
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