<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="letter" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="sps-1.9" xml:lang="pt">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">scLQgDmnSQsLr7v8v5d8jpJ</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2024000600501</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00501</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20230163</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Carta Cient&#237;fica</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Doen&#231;a de Kawasaki Incompleta Diagnosticada Apenas com Febre Prolongada: Relato de Dois Casos e Revis&#227;o da Literatura</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8422-4113</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Kiztanir</surname>
            <given-names>Hikmet</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa</role>
          <role>An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados e Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito</role>
          <role>Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados</role>
          <role>Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6384-3935</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Sulu</surname>
            <given-names>Ayse</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa</role>
          <role>An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados e Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito</role>
          <role>Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3926-9002</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Kosger</surname>
            <given-names>Pelin</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa</role>
          <role>An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados e Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Akin</surname>
            <given-names>Tugcem</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa</role>
          <role>An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados e Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ucar</surname>
            <given-names>Birsen</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa</role>
          <role>An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados e Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito</role>
          <role>Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados</role>
          <role>Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Recep Tayyip Erdogan Universitesi Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Rize</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="TR">Turquia</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Recep Tayyip Erdogan Universitesi Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi - Pediatric Cardiology, Rize &#8211; Turquia</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Eskisehir Osmangazi University</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculty of Medicine</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Eskisehir</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="TR">Turquia</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine - Pediatric Cardiology, Eskisehir &#8211; Turquia</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"> Correspond&#234;ncia: Hikmet Kiztanir &#8226; Recep Tayyip Erdogan Universitesi Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi - Pediatric Cardiology - Fener, Recep Tayyip Erdo&#287;an &#220;niversitesi Zihni Derin Yerle&#351;kesi Rize 53100 &#8211; Turquia E-mail: <email>hikmet2764@gmail.com</email> </corresp>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <label>Potencial conflito de interesse</label>
          <p>N&#227;o h&#225; conflito com o presente artigo</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Editor respons&#225;vel pela revis&#227;o: Vitor Guerra</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>15</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>121</volume>
      <issue>6</issue>
      <elocation-id>e20230163</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>01</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>30</day>
          <month>01</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>27</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p> This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. </license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Doen&#231;a de Kawasaki Incompleta S&#237;ndrome de Linfonodos Mucocutaneous</kwd>
        <kwd>Aneurisma Coron&#225;rio</kwd>
        <kwd>Febre de Causa Desconhecida</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="4"/>
        <table-count count="2"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="14"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec sec-type="intro">
      <title>Introdu&#231;&#227;o</title>
      <p>A doen&#231;a de Kawasaki (DK) &#233; uma vasculite febril aguda de causa desconhecida. A DK incompleta (at&#237;pica) foi definida para pacientes que n&#227;o atendem aos crit&#233;rios diagn&#243;sticos caracter&#237;sticos cl&#225;ssicos. A incid&#234;ncia de desenvolvimento de aneurisma de art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria &#233; maior em pacientes com DK incompleta devido a atrasos no diagn&#243;stico e tratamento. Na literatura, os pacientes que n&#227;o atendem aos crit&#233;rios diagn&#243;sticos mas s&#227;o diagnosticados apenas com febre s&#227;o muito raros. Aqui, apresentamos dois casos de DK que foram diagnosticados com aneurisma de art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria e achados laboratoriais de suporte sem sinais caracter&#237;sticos al&#233;m de febre alta. O primeiro caso foi de uma menina de 3 anos que foi diagnosticada com DK ap&#243;s um exame ecocardiogr&#225;fico no 14&#186; dia de febre revelar um aneurisma de art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup>O segundo caso foi diagnosticado no 8&#186; dia de febre devido ao envolvimento das art&#233;rias coron&#225;rias sem outros achados cl&#225;ssicos de Kawasaki. Ambos os pacientes receberam antibioterapia com diagn&#243;sticos diferentes, como gastroenterite e infec&#231;&#227;o do trato urin&#225;rio, antes do diagn&#243;stico de DK. Ambos os casos foram diagnosticados antes da pandemia de COVID-19.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Portanto, a doen&#231;a inflamat&#243;ria multissist&#234;mica em crian&#231;as (MIS-C) n&#227;o foi considerada. Nosso objetivo foi enfatizar a import&#226;ncia de considerar a DK em crian&#231;as com febre inexplic&#225;vel e altos reagentes de fase aguda, mesmo na aus&#234;ncia de crit&#233;rios diagn&#243;sticos caracter&#237;sticos, e a necessidade de controles seriados para avaliar pacientes suspeitos com ecocardiografia e outros achados laboratoriais de suporte</p>
      <sec>
        <title>Caso 1</title>
        <p>Uma menina de tr&#234;s anos foi internada no Departamento de Infectologia Pedi&#225;trica do nosso hospital com febre de at&#233; 39&#176;C que persistiu por 9 dias. Nos acompanhamentos hospitalares anteriores, soube-se que ela apresentava fortes dores abdominais inferiores com febre, altos reagentes de fase aguda, leucocitose e pi&#250;ria na an&#225;lise de urina, e estava recebendo tratamentos com ceftriaxona e amicacina com diagn&#243;stico preliminar de infec&#231;&#227;o do trato urin&#225;rio. Devido &#224; presen&#231;a de reagentes de fase aguda elevados e &#224; aus&#234;ncia de sinais de DK cl&#225;ssica, foram realizadas as consultas e exames necess&#225;rios para excluir patologias como abscessos intra-abdominais e colecistite no Departamento de Infectologia Pedi&#225;trica. Ent&#227;o, no 4&#186; dia de interna&#231;&#227;o, foi consultada pelo nosso Servi&#231;o de Cardiologia Pedi&#225;trica para avalia&#231;&#227;o de DK. Sua hist&#243;ria m&#233;dica e familiar n&#227;o era digna de nota. Ao exame f&#237;sico, seu peso corporal era de 17 kg (percentil 75-90) e sua altura era de 98 cm (percentil 25-50). Nenhum sinal de KD cl&#225;ssico foi encontrado. No hemograma, n&#227;o houve outra caracter&#237;stica al&#233;m de leucocitose em domin&#226;ncia de neutr&#243;filos, prote&#237;na total: 6,3 g/dL, albumina s&#233;rica: 2,8 g/dL, prote&#237;na C reativa (PCR): 7,3 mg/dL (faixa normal: 0- 0,8 mg/dL) e velocidade de hemossedimenta&#231;&#227;o (VHS):86 mm/h. A ecocardiografia transtor&#225;cica (ETT) revelou aneurismas saculares de tamanho m&#233;dio nas principais art&#233;rias coron&#225;rias direita e esquerda (ACD e ACE) pelo ETT [4,3 x 4 mm na ACD (escore z: 6,66) e 5,2 x 4,9 mm na ACE (escore z: 6.65)] (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01">Figura 1</xref>). Com o diagn&#243;stico de DK, o paciente recebeu 2 gr/kg de imunoglobulina intravenosa (IVIG) e uma dose anti-inflamat&#243;ria de &#225;cido acetilsalic&#237;lico. Observou-se descama&#231;&#227;o nas pontas dos dedos no dia seguinte. A paciente n&#227;o apresentou febre ap&#243;s terapia com IVIG e os reagentes de fase aguda regrediram no acompanhamento da paciente. No 9&#186; dia de tratamento, o n&#237;vel de PCR foi reduzido para 0,6 mg/dL, enquanto a contagem de plaquetas e o n&#237;vel de albumina s&#233;rica aumentaram para 923.000/mm3 e 4,4 g/dL, respectivamente. Na ecocardiografia de controle realizada 2 semanas depois, foi detectada redu&#231;&#227;o no tamanho dos aneurismas das art&#233;rias coron&#225;rias [2,4 x 1,8 mm na ACD (escore z: 1,23) e 4,1 x 3,8 mm na ACE (escore z: 3,97)]. Na segunda semana de acompanhamento, a dose de tratamento com &#225;cido acetilsalic&#237;lico foi reduzida para uma dose antiagregante. A angiografia coron&#225;ria seletiva realizada no 8&#186; m&#234;s de seguimento revelou trajeto coron&#225;rio normal e di&#226;metros sem aspecto compat&#237;vel com aneurisma.</p>
        <p>
          <fig id="f01">
            <label>Figura 1</label>
            <caption>
              <title>&#8211; Ecocardiografia transtor&#225;cica demonstrou dilata&#231;&#245;es saculares no meio da art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria direita.</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-121-06-e20230163-30163-gf01.tif"/></fig>
        </p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Caso 2</title>
        <p>Uma menina de seis anos foi internada em nosso hospital devido a febre persistente e dor de cabe&#231;a. Soube-se que treze dias antes da interna&#231;&#227;o em nosso hospital, ela havia sido internada em outro ambulat&#243;rio com diagn&#243;stico de gastroenterite por apresentar febre que chegava a 39,5&#176;C associada a diarreia e dor abdominal e foi tratada com ceftriaxona e metronidazol intravenosos. Como a febre persistiu por mais de 5 dias (8 dias) e os n&#237;veis de reagentes de fase aguda estavam elevados, ela foi avaliada com ETT com diagn&#243;stico provis&#243;rio de DK. A ecocardiografia revelou dilata&#231;&#227;o fusiforme na art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria descendente anterior esquerda (ADE). Ap&#243;s receber 2 gr/kg de IVIG e dose anti-inflamat&#243;ria de &#225;cido acetilsalic&#237;lico, a febre regrediu e ela recebeu alta do outro hospital um dia depois. Ela foi internada em nosso hospital no segundo dia ap&#243;s receber alta por causa de febre recorrente superior a 38&#176;C. Soube-se que o paciente n&#227;o apresentava sinais de DK cl&#225;ssica durante esses per&#237;odos. A hist&#243;ria m&#233;dica e familiar do paciente era normal. No exame f&#237;sico; a altura era de 105 cm (percentil 25-50) e o peso corporal era de 17 kg (percentil 10-25). Achados cl&#225;ssicos de KD n&#227;o foram observados. Em exames laboratoriais; o hemograma n&#227;o apresentava altera&#231;&#245;es, exceto trombocitose (contagem de plaquetas 508.000/mm<sup>3</sup>), n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de prote&#237;na total 8,1 g/dL, albumina 3,6 g/dL, procalcitonina 0,099 ng/mL (valor normal: 0-0,5 ng/mL), PCR 34,4 mg/dL (valor normal: 0-5 mg/dL) e VHS 93 mm/h. N&#227;o foi detectada pi&#250;ria no exame de urina. N&#227;o houve crescimento nas culturas de sangue e urina, as bact&#233;rias da flora normal cresceram nas culturas de fezes. O eletrocardiograma estava normal. No ETT, havia ectasia aparente (3,5 mm) na ADE (escore z: 5,58) (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f02">Figura 2</xref>), e o tronco da coron&#225;ria esquerda (TCE) estava dilatado para 3,5 mm (escore z: 2,61). Continuando a terapia oral com &#225;cido acetilsalic&#237;lico na dose anti-inflamat&#243;ria de 100 mg/kg, foi administrada uma segunda sess&#227;o de terapia IVIG na dose de 2 g/kg. A febre n&#227;o recorreu ap&#243;s a segunda terapia com IVIG e ela recebeu alta no s&#233;timo dia de interna&#231;&#227;o. No d&#233;cimo dia de interna&#231;&#227;o (no acompanhamento ambulatorial), os n&#237;veis de PCR e VHS diminu&#237;ram para 2,8 mg/dL e 7 mm/h, respectivamente, e a contagem de plaquetas aumentou para 621.000/mm<sup>3</sup>. No acompanhamento ambulatorial no d&#233;cimo quarto dia de interna&#231;&#227;o, embora n&#227;o tenha havido altera&#231;&#227;o significativa no tamanho da ACE (3,6 mm, escore z 5,94), foi detectada redu&#231;&#227;o no tamanho do TCE (2,6 mm, escore z: 0,38). Na segunda semana de acompanhamento, a dose de tratamento com &#225;cido acetilsalic&#237;lico foi reduzida para uma dose antiagregante. Com diminui&#231;&#227;o gradativa do tamanho do aneurisma no per&#237;odo de seguimento, a avalia&#231;&#227;o ecocardiogr&#225;fica no nono m&#234;s de seguimento revelou regress&#227;o completa das dilata&#231;&#245;es coronarianas. A cineangiocoronariografia realizada no d&#233;cimo segundo m&#234;s tamb&#233;m foi normal.</p>
        <p>
          <fig id="f02">
            <label>Figura 2</label>
            <caption>
              <title>&#8211; Ecocardiografia transtor&#225;cica demonstrou aparente ectasia (3,5 mm; escore z 5,58) na art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria descendente anterior esquerda.</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-121-06-e20230163-30163-gf02.tif"/></fig>
        </p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="discussion">
      <title>Discuss&#227;o</title>
      <p>O diagn&#243;stico de DK incompleta ou at&#237;pica &#233; feito pela ecocardiografia e pela presen&#231;a de achados laboratoriais de apoio nos pacientes com febre persistente h&#225; pelo menos 5 dias associada a dois ou tr&#234;s crit&#233;rios cl&#237;nicos. Foi relatado que 12% dos pacientes com DK apresentavam uma forma incompleta. Na diretriz de 2017 da American Heart Association, recomenda-se o in&#237;cio do tratamento em crian&#231;as com febre persistente por pelo menos 5 dias e dois ou tr&#234;s crit&#233;rios cl&#237;nicos compat&#237;veis ou em lactentes com febre h&#225; pelo menos sete dias sem outros crit&#233;rios cl&#237;nicos que apresentem PCR elevada ( &#8805;3 mg/dL) e VHS (&#8805;40 mm/h) em caso de presen&#231;a de pelo menos tr&#234;s dos achados laboratoriais de suporte (anemia, contagem de plaquetas &#8805;450.000/mm<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> ap&#243;s o 7&#186; dia de febre, albumina &#8804;3 g /dL, n&#237;vel elevado de aspartato transaminase (AST), contagem de leuc&#243;citos &#8805;15.000/mm<sup>3</sup>, &#8805;10 leuc&#243;citos/CGA na urin&#225;lise) ou um achado compat&#237;vel na avalia&#231;&#227;o ecocardiogr&#225;fica.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Em nossos casos, aqueles que tiveram febre persistente por mais de 5 dias e achados laboratoriais de inflama&#231;&#227;o sist&#234;mica, aneurismas de art&#233;rias coron&#225;rias e ectasias foram detectados por ecocardiografia. No entanto, nenhum dos sintomas cl&#225;ssicos da DK esteve presente em nossos casos, exceto a descama&#231;&#227;o nas pontas dos dedos que ocorreu no per&#237;odo subagudo ap&#243;s o diagn&#243;stico no caso 1. O desenvolvimento de aneurismas de art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria geralmente come&#231;a ap&#243;s o 10&#186; dia de doen&#231;a. Para pacientes diagnosticados ap&#243;s o d&#233;cimo dia, recomenda-se a administra&#231;&#227;o de tratamento com IVIG em caso de presen&#231;a de febre ou anomalia da art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria com persist&#234;ncia de n&#237;veis elevados de VHS e PCR.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Devido ao encaminhamento um tanto tardio do caso 1 para n&#243;s no final do 13&#186; dia de doen&#231;a, foram detectados aneurismas de art&#233;rias coron&#225;rias durante a fase subaguda da doen&#231;a, e a paciente recebeu IGIV devido &#224; persist&#234;ncia de febre e sinais inflamat&#243;rios sist&#234;micos. Ap&#243;s a fase aguda da doen&#231;a, a terapia com &#225;cido acetilsalic&#237;lico &#233; reduzida a uma dose antiagregante para fornecer terapia antitromb&#243;tica. Quando h&#225; um aneurisma da art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria, recomenda-se medica&#231;&#227;o com baixas doses de &#225;cido acetilsalic&#237;lico por toda a vida, mesmo que os achados da art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria tenham voltado ao normal. Em pacientes com aneurismas moderados ou grandes, recomenda-se combinar &#225;cido acetilsalic&#237;lico com heparina de baixo peso molecular ou varfarina.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Se a febre persistir ap&#243;s 36 horas de tratamento com IVIG, uma segunda dose de infus&#227;o de IVIG, uma combina&#231;&#227;o de corticosteroides e IVIG , ou tratamento com infliximabe &#233; recomendado, considerando KD resistente.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup>No caso 2, a febre e os n&#237;veis elevados de reagentes de fase aguda persistiram ap&#243;s a infus&#227;o inicial de IVIG, mas o paciente se beneficiou do segundo tratamento com IVIG. Na presen&#231;a de febre persistente e eleva&#231;&#227;o dos reagentes de fase aguda que n&#227;o possam ser explicadas por qualquer outro motivo, deve-se considerar a DK incompleta. Ressaltou-se que a maioria desses pacientes com evolu&#231;&#227;o at&#237;pica tem menos de um ano e apresentavam eritema na cicatriz da vacina BCG, inquieta&#231;&#227;o e diarreia.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> Da mesma forma, ambos os nossos pacientes foram acompanhados com diagn&#243;sticos diferentes devido a queixas de dor abdominal e diarreia. Dor de cabe&#231;a foi uma queixa concomitante em nosso segundo caso. N&#227;o foi observado eritema na cicatriz da BCG em nossos pacientes. No entanto, as idades dos pacientes na literatura cujos diagn&#243;sticos foram baseados apenas na presen&#231;a de febre sem acompanhamento de achados caracter&#237;sticos s&#227;o vari&#225;veis. Os achados de nossos casos, juntamente com os casos relatados apenas com febre na literatura, est&#227;o resumidos na <xref ref-type="table" rid="t1">Tabela 1</xref>. Yeom et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> compararam em seus estudos os achados de seis pacientes com meningite ass&#233;ptica por DK e os pacientes com meningite causada por infec&#231;&#227;o por enterococos. Como os achados cl&#237;nicos e laboratoriais dos pacientes de Kawasaki com meningite ass&#233;ptica n&#227;o foram apresentados individualmente, os detalhes s&#227;o desconhecidos, mas foi relatado que dois desses pacientes inicialmente n&#227;o apresentavam nenhum dos achados caracter&#237;sticos da DK.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> Apresentamos dois casos de DK que foram diagnosticados devido apenas a febre persistente, para enfatizar que a DK deve ser considerada na presen&#231;a de febre persistente inexplic&#225;vel e achados laboratoriais sugestivos de inflama&#231;&#227;o sist&#234;mica, sem achados cl&#225;ssicos de DK. Nestes pacientes, os achados laboratoriais de apoio devem ser analisados e as art&#233;rias coron&#225;rias devem ser avaliadas por ecocardiografia e, se a febre persistir, repetidas e acompanhadas de perto. Al&#233;m disso, s&#227;o necess&#225;rias mais pesquisas inovadoras para identificar marcadores imunol&#243;gicos e celulares que possam ser testados nos est&#225;gios iniciais da doen&#231;a e orientar o manejo.</p>
      <p>
        <table-wrap id="t1">
          <label>Tabela 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>&#8211; Resumo dos nossos casos de doen&#231;a de Kawasaki diagnosticados apenas com febre e casos semelhantes na literatura</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup width="9%">
              <col/>
              <col/>
              <col/>
              <col/>
              <col/>
              <col/>
              <col/>
              <col/>
              <col/>
              <col/>
              <col/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left" style="font-weight:normal"> </th>
                <th>Caso 1</th>
                <th>Caso 2</th>
                <th>Vignesh (7)</th>
                <th>Uchida (10)</th>
                <th>Ozdemir (11)</th>
                <th>Tapa (12)</th>
                <th>Yilmazer (13)</th>
                <th>Cabral (14)</th>
                <th>Yeom (9) Caso 1</th>
                <th>Yeom (9) Caso 2</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td>Idade</td>
                <td align="center">3 anos</td>
                <td align="center">6 anos</td>
                <td align="center">5 anos</td>
                <td align="center">20 meses</td>
                <td align="center">2,5 meses</td>
                <td align="center">7 meses</td>
                <td align="center">8 meses</td>
                <td align="center">3 meses</td>
                <td align="center">3 meses</td>
                <td align="center">3 meses</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>G&#234;nero</td>
                <td align="center">F</td>
                <td align="center">F</td>
                <td align="center">M</td>
                <td align="center">M</td>
                <td align="center">M</td>
                <td align="center">M</td>
                <td align="center">F</td>
                <td align="center">F</td>
                <td align="center">M</td>
                <td align="center">M</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Dura&#231;&#227;o de febre (dia)</td>
                <td align="center">13</td>
                <td align="center">11</td>
                <td align="center">17</td>
                <td align="center">12</td>
                <td align="center">12</td>
                <td align="center">7</td>
                <td align="center">19</td>
                <td align="center">22</td>
                <td align="center">10</td>
                <td align="center">5</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Crit&#233;rios diagn&#243;sticos caracter&#237;sticos</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">Erup&#231;&#227;o cut&#226;nea, descama&#231;&#227;o (no 22&#186; dia)</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Sintomas adicionais</td>
                <td align="center">Dor abdominal</td>
                <td align="center">Dor abdominal, diarreia, dor de cabe&#231;a</td>
                <td align="center">Irritabilidade</td>
                <td align="center">Irritabilidade</td>
                <td align="center">Nenhum</td>
                <td align="center">Irritabilidade</td>
                <td align="center">Nenhum</td>
                <td align="center">Diarreia</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Hemoglobina (g/dL)</td>
                <td align="center">10</td>
                <td align="center">11</td>
                <td align="center">9</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
                <td align="center">8.3</td>
                <td align="center">11,5</td>
                <td align="center">9,2</td>
                <td align="center">8,9</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>WBC (/mm<sup>3</sup>)</td>
                <td align="center">17.300</td>
                <td align="center">13.000</td>
                <td align="center">16.750</td>
                <td align="center">12.700</td>
                <td align="center">16.700</td>
                <td align="center">11.500</td>
                <td align="center">12.100</td>
                <td align="center">10.900</td>
                <td align="center">?*</td>
                <td align="center">?*</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Plaquetas (/mm<sup>3</sup>)</td>
                <td align="center">430.000</td>
                <td align="center">508.000</td>
                <td align="center">518.000</td>
                <td align="center">626.000</td>
                <td align="center">710.000</td>
                <td align="center">350.000</td>
                <td align="center">988.000</td>
                <td align="center">891.000</td>
                <td align="center">?*</td>
                <td align="center">?*</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Albumina (g/dL)</td>
                <td align="center">2.8</td>
                <td align="center">3.6</td>
                <td align="center">2</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
                <td align="center">3.4</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
                <td align="center">2.6</td>
                <td align="center">?*</td>
                <td align="center">?*</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>ALT (U/L)</td>
                <td align="center">11</td>
                <td align="center">10</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
                <td align="center">Normal</td>
                <td align="center">17</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
                <td align="center">Alto</td>
                <td align="center">Normal</td>
                <td align="center">Normal</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Pi&#250;ria</td>
                <td align="center">+</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
                <td align="center">?*</td>
                <td align="center">?*</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Prote&#237;na C-reativa (mg/dl)</td>
                <td align="center">7.3</td>
                <td align="center">34,4</td>
                <td align="center">26,8</td>
                <td align="center">131</td>
                <td align="center">8.3</td>
                <td align="center">48</td>
                <td align="center">22,3</td>
                <td align="center">6,7</td>
                <td align="center">?*</td>
                <td align="center">?*</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>VHS (mm/hora)</td>
                <td align="center">96</td>
                <td align="center">93</td>
                <td align="center">97</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
                <td align="center">80</td>
                <td align="center">42</td>
                <td align="center">125</td>
                <td align="center">122</td>
                <td align="center">?*</td>
                <td align="center">?*</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Descobertas adicionais</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">Pleocitose</td>
                <td align="center">Pleocitose</td>
                <td align="center">Pleocitose</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Ecocardiografia</td>
                <td align="center">Escore z ACD: 6,66 (4,3 x 4 mm) Escore z do TCE: 6,65 (5,2 x 4,9 mm)</td>
                <td align="center">escore z do TCE 2,6 (3,5 mm) Escore z ACE: 5,58 (3,5 mm)</td>
                <td align="center">Escore z da ACE: 16 Escore z ACD: 10</td>
                <td align="center">TCE: 3,7 mm LCX: 4,3mm ACD: 4,3mm</td>
                <td align="center">Escore z ACD: 7,25 Escore z do TCE: 7,6</td>
                <td align="center">ACE: 4,8 mm</td>
                <td align="center">TCE: 6 mm</td>
                <td align="center">ACD: 3,4 mm ACE: 4,2 mm</td>
                <td align="center">Envolvimento coronariano (+)</td>
                <td align="center">Normal</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Tratamento</td>
                <td align="center">IVIG, aspirina</td>
                <td align="center">IVIG (2 doses), aspirina</td>
                <td align="center">IVIG + infliximabe, HBPM, aspirina</td>
                <td align="center">IVIG, aspirina</td>
                <td align="center">IVIG, aspirina</td>
                <td align="center">IVIG, aspirina</td>
                <td align="center">IVIG, aspirina</td>
                <td align="center">IVIG, aspirina</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
                <td align="center">?</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN1">
              <p>*Os resultados laboratoriais n&#227;o foram relatados individualmente neste estudo. Dados de um total de 6 pacientes [mediana (limites inferior-superior)]: leuc&#243;citos: 12.340 (6.500-23.930)/mm<sup>3</sup>, plaquetas: 420.000 (246.000-518.000)/mm<sup>3</sup>, albumina: 3,7 (3,1-4,4) mg/dL , ALT: 20 (16-23) UI/L, pi&#250;ria em 50% dos pacientes, PCR: 46,5 (37-115) mg/dL. F: feminino; M: masculino; IVIG: imunoglobulina intravenosa; VHS: velocidade de hemossedimenta&#231;&#227;o, leuc&#243;citos: gl&#243;bulos brancos; ACD: art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria direita; TCE: tronco da coron&#225;ria esquerda; ACE: art&#233;ria descendente anterior esquerda; HBPM: baixo peso molecular heparina.</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
      </p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>Refer&#234;ncias</title>
      <ref id="B1">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation>1. McCrindle BW, Rowley CA, Newburger JW, Burns JC, Bolger AF, Gewitz W, et al. Diagnosis, Treatment, and Long-Term Management of Kawasaki Disease A Scientific Statement for Health Professionals From the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2017;135(17):e927-99. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000484</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>McCrindle</surname>
              <given-names>BW</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Rowley</surname>
              <given-names>CA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Newburger</surname>
              <given-names>JW</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Burns</surname>
              <given-names>JC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Bolger</surname>
              <given-names>AF</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Gewitz</surname>
              <given-names>W</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Diagnosis, Treatment, and Long-Term Management of Kawasaki Disease A Scientific Statement for Health Professionals From the American Heart Association</article-title>
          <source>Circulation</source>
          <year>2017</year>
          <volume>135</volume>
          <issue>17</issue>
          <fpage>e927</fpage>
          <lpage>e999</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1161/CIR.0000000000000484</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B2">
        <label>2</label>
        <mixed-citation>2. Kuo HC, Yang KD, Chang WC, Ger LP, Hsieh KS. Kawasaki disease: an update on diagnosis and treatment. Pediatr Neonatol. 2012; 53 (1): 4-11. doi: 10.1016/j.pedneo.2011.11.003</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Kuo</surname>
              <given-names>HC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Yang</surname>
              <given-names>KD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Chang</surname>
              <given-names>WC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Ger</surname>
              <given-names>LP</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Hsieh</surname>
              <given-names>KS</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Kawasaki disease: an update on diagnosis and treatment</article-title>
          <source>Pediatr Neonatol</source>
          <year>2012</year>
          <volume>53</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <fpage>4</fpage>
          <lpage>11</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.pedneo.2011.11.003</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B3">
        <label>3</label>
        <mixed-citation>3. Bayers S, Shulman ST, Paller AS. Kawasaki disease: Part II. Complications and treatment. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012;69(4):513.e1-e8. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2013.06.040</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Bayers</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Shulman</surname>
              <given-names>ST</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Paller</surname>
              <given-names>AS</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Kawasaki disease: Part II. Complications and treatment</article-title>
          <source>J Am Acad Dermatol</source>
          <year>2012</year>
          <volume>69</volume>
          <issue>4</issue>
          <fpage>513</fpage>
          <comment>e1-e8</comment>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.jaad.2013.06.040</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B4">
        <label>4</label>
        <mixed-citation>4. Agarwal S, Agrawal DK. Kawasaki disease: etiopathogenesis and novel treatment strategies. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2017;13(3):247-58. doi: 10.1080/1744666X.2017.1232165.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Agarwal</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Agrawal</surname>
              <given-names>DK</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Kawasaki disease: etiopathogenesis and novel treatment strategies</article-title>
          <source>Expert Rev Clin Immunol</source>
          <year>2017</year>
          <volume>13</volume>
          <issue>3</issue>
          <fpage>247</fpage>
          <lpage>258</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1080/1744666X.2017.1232165</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B5">
        <label>5</label>
        <mixed-citation>5. Galeotti C, Bayry J, Kone-Paut I, Kaveri SV. Kawasaki disease: Aetiopathogenesis and therapeutic utility of intravenous immunoglobulin. Autoimmun Rev. 2010;9(6):441-8. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2009.12.004</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Galeotti</surname>
              <given-names>C</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Bayry</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kone-Paut</surname>
              <given-names>I</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kaveri</surname>
              <given-names>SV</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Kawasaki disease: Aetiopathogenesis and therapeutic utility of intravenous immunoglobulin</article-title>
          <source>Autoimmun Rev</source>
          <year>2010</year>
          <volume>9</volume>
          <issue>6</issue>
          <fpage>441</fpage>
          <lpage>448</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.autrev.2009.12.004</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B6">
        <label>6</label>
        <mixed-citation>6. Zhang B, Yunpeng H, Wang H, Liang J, Li H. Feverless Kawasaki disease: a case report and review of the literature. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2019;12(1):1160-4.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Zhang</surname>
              <given-names>B</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Yunpeng</surname>
              <given-names>H</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Wang</surname>
              <given-names>H</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Liang</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Li</surname>
              <given-names>H</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Feverless Kawasaki disease: a case report and review of the literature</article-title>
          <source>Int J Clin Exp Med</source>
          <year>2019</year>
          <volume>12</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <fpage>1160</fpage>
          <lpage>1164</lpage>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B7">
        <label>7</label>
        <mixed-citation>7. Vignesh P, Bhattad S, Singhal M, Singh S. A 5 -year-old boy with only fever and giant coronary aneurysms: the enigma of Kawasaki disease? Rheumatol Int. 2016;36(8):1191-3. doi:10.1007/s00296-016-3490-7</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Vignesh</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Bhattad</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Singhal</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Singh</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>A 5 -year-old boy with only fever and giant coronary aneurysms: the enigma of Kawasaki disease?</article-title>
          <source>Rheumatol Int</source>
          <year>2016</year>
          <volume>36</volume>
          <issue>8</issue>
          <fpage>1191</fpage>
          <lpage>1193</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">doi:10.1007/s00296-016-3490-7</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B8">
        <label>8</label>
        <mixed-citation>8. Takeuchi M, Oda Y, Suzuki I. Maculopapular rash in the convalescent phase of Kawasaki disease: case series and literature review. Eur J Pediatr. 2013;172(3): 405-7. doi: 10.1007/s00431-012-1898-y</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Takeuchi</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Oda</surname>
              <given-names>Y</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Suzuki</surname>
              <given-names>I</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Maculopapular rash in the convalescent phase of Kawasaki disease: case series and literature review</article-title>
          <source>Eur J Pediatr</source>
          <year>2013</year>
          <volume>172</volume>
          <issue>3</issue>
          <fpage>405</fpage>
          <lpage>407</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1007/s00431-012-1898-y</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B9">
        <label>9</label>
        <mixed-citation>9. Yeom JS, Park JS, Seo JH, Park ES, Lim JY, Park CH, et al. Initial characteristics of Kawasaki disease with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis in febrile infants. Pediatric Neurology. 2012;47(4):259-62. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2012.06.011</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Yeom</surname>
              <given-names>JS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Park</surname>
              <given-names>JS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Seo</surname>
              <given-names>JH</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Park</surname>
              <given-names>ES</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Lim</surname>
              <given-names>JY</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Park</surname>
              <given-names>CH</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Initial characteristics of Kawasaki disease with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis in febrile infants</article-title>
          <source>Pediatric Neurology</source>
          <year>2012</year>
          <volume>47</volume>
          <issue>4</issue>
          <fpage>259</fpage>
          <lpage>262</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2012.06.011</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B10">
        <label>10</label>
        <mixed-citation>10. Uchida Y, Iwamoto Y, Urushihara Y, Nagura M, Tanaka R, Arakawa H, et al. Case of incomplete Kawasaki disease with no symptoms except fever causing the development of coronary aneurysm. Int Heart J. 2019(4);60:1006-8. doi: 10.1536/ihj.18-647</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Uchida</surname>
              <given-names>Y</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Iwamoto</surname>
              <given-names>Y</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Urushihara</surname>
              <given-names>Y</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Nagura</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Tanaka</surname>
              <given-names>R</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Arakawa</surname>
              <given-names>H</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Case of incomplete Kawasaki disease with no symptoms except fever causing the development of coronary aneurysm</article-title>
          <source>Int Heart J</source>
          <year>2019</year>
          <issue>4</issue>
          <volume>60</volume>
          <fpage>1006</fpage>
          <lpage>1008</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1536/ihj.18-647</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B11">
        <label>11</label>
        <mixed-citation>11. &#214;zdemir H, &#199;ift&#231;i A, Karpuz A, &#199;ift&#231;i E, Tutar E, Atalay S, et al. Incomplete Kawasaki disease in an infant presenting with only prolonged fever. The Turkish J Pediatr. 2013;55(5):529-32. PMID: 24382535</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>&#214;zdemir</surname>
              <given-names>H</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>&#199;ift&#231;i</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Karpuz</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>&#199;ift&#231;i</surname>
              <given-names>E</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Tutar</surname>
              <given-names>E</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Atalay</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Incomplete Kawasaki disease in an infant presenting with only prolonged fever</article-title>
          <source>The Turkish J Pediatr</source>
          <year>2013</year>
          <volume>55</volume>
          <issue>5</issue>
          <fpage>529</fpage>
          <lpage>532</lpage>
          <comment>PMID: 24382535</comment>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B12">
        <label>12</label>
        <mixed-citation>12. Thapa R, Chakrabartty S. Atypical Kawasaki disease with remarkable paucity of signs and symptoms. Rheumatol Int. 2009;29(9):1095-6. doi:10.1007/s00296-009-0899-2</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Thapa</surname>
              <given-names>R</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Chakrabartty</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Atypical Kawasaki disease with remarkable paucity of signs and symptoms</article-title>
          <source>Rheumatol Int</source>
          <year>2009</year>
          <volume>29</volume>
          <issue>9</issue>
          <fpage>1095</fpage>
          <lpage>1096</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1007/s00296-009-0899-2</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B13">
        <label>13</label>
        <mixed-citation>13. Yilmazer M, Mese T, Demirpence S, Tavli V, Devrim I, Guven B, et al. Incomplete (atypical) Kawasaki disease in a young infant with remarkable paucity of signs. Letter to the Editor. Rheumatol Int. 2010;30(7):991-2. doi: 10.1007/s00296-009-1099-9</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Yilmazer</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mese</surname>
              <given-names>T</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Demirpence</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Tavli</surname>
              <given-names>V</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Devrim</surname>
              <given-names>I</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Guven</surname>
              <given-names>B</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Incomplete (atypical) Kawasaki disease in a young infant with remarkable paucity of signs. Letter to the Editor</article-title>
          <source>Rheumatol Int</source>
          <year>2010</year>
          <volume>30</volume>
          <issue>7</issue>
          <fpage>991</fpage>
          <lpage>992</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1007/s00296-009-1099-9</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B14">
        <label>14</label>
        <mixed-citation>14. Cabral M, Corrrelia P, Brito MJ, Conde M, Carreiro H. Kawasaki disease in a young infant diagnostic challenges. Acta Reumatol Port. 2011;36(3):304-8. PMID: 22113606</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Cabral</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Corrrelia</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Brito</surname>
              <given-names>MJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Conde</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Carreiro</surname>
              <given-names>H</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Kawasaki disease in a young infant diagnostic challenges</article-title>
          <source>Acta Reumatol Port</source>
          <year>2011</year>
          <volume>36</volume>
          <issue>3</issue>
          <fpage>304</fpage>
          <lpage>308</lpage>
          <comment>PMID: 22113606</comment>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <label>Vincula&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica</label>
        <p>N&#227;o h&#225; vincula&#231;&#227;o deste estudo a programas de p&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <label>Aprova&#231;&#227;o &#233;tica e consentimento informado</label>
        <p>Este artigo n&#227;o cont&#233;m estudos com humanos ou animais realizados por nenhum dos autores.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="financial-disclosure">
        <label>Fontes de financiamento</label>
        <p>O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20230163i</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Letter</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Incomplete Kawasaki Disease Diagnosed only with Prolonged Fever: Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8422-4113</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Kiztanir</surname>
            <given-names>Hikmet</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Conception and design of the research</role>
          <role>Analysis and interpretation of the data and Writing of the manuscript</role>
          <role>Acquisition of data</role>
          <role>Critical revision of the manuscript for content</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6384-3935</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Sulu</surname>
            <given-names>Ayse</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Conception and design of the research</role>
          <role>Analysis and interpretation of the data and Writing of the manuscript</role>
          <role>Critical revision of the manuscript for content</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3926-9002</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Kosger</surname>
            <given-names>Pelin</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Conception and design of the research</role>
          <role>Analysis and interpretation of the data and Writing of the manuscript</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Akin</surname>
            <given-names>Tugcem</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Conception and design of the research</role>
          <role>Analysis and interpretation of the data and Writing of the manuscript</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ucar</surname>
            <given-names>Birsen</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Conception and design of the research</role>
          <role>Analysis and interpretation of the data and Writing of the manuscript;</role>
          <role>Acquisition of data</role>
          <role>Critical revision of the manuscript for content</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1001">
        <label>1</label>
        <country country="TR">Turkey</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Recep Tayyip Erdogan Universitesi Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi - Pediatric Cardiology, Rize &#8211; Turkey</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2001">
        <label>2</label>
        <country country="TR">Turkey</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine - Pediatric Cardiology, Eskisehir &#8211; Turkey</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01001"> Mailing Address: Hikmet Kiztanir &#8226; Recep Tayyip Erdogan Universitesi Egitim ve Arastirma Hastanesi - Pediatric Cardiology - Fener, Recep Tayyip Erdo&#287;an &#220;niversitesi Zihni Derin Yerle&#351;kesi Rize 53100 &#8211; Turkey E-mail: hikmet2764@gmail.com </corresp>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>Potential conflict of interest</p>
          <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="edited-by">
          <p>Editor responsible for the review: Vitor Guerra</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Incomplete Kawasaki Disease</kwd>
        <kwd>Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec sec-type="intro">
        <title>Introduction</title>
        <p>Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute febrile vasculitis of unknown cause. Incomplete (atypical) KD has been defined for patients who do not meet the classical characteristic diagnostic criteria. The incidence of coronary artery aneurysm development is higher in patients with incomplete KD due to delays in diagnosis and treatment. In the literature, patients who do not meet the diagnostic criteria but are diagnosed solely with fever are very rare. Here, we present two cases of KD who were diagnosed with coronary artery aneurysm and supportive laboratory findings with no characteristic signs other than high fever. The first case was a 3-year-old girl who was diagnosed with KD after an echocardiographic examination on the 14th day of the fever revealed a coronary artery aneurysm.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> The second case was diagnosed on the 8th day of the fever because of the involvement of the coronary arteries without other classic Kawasaki findings. Both patients had been given antibiotherapy with different diagnoses such as gastroenteritis and urinary tract infection before the diagnosis of KD. Both cases were diagnosed before the COVID-19 pandemic.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Therefore, multisystem inflammatory disease in children (MIS-C) was not considered. We aimed to emphasize the importance of considering KD in children with unexplained fever and high acute phase reactants, even in the absence of characteristic diagnostic criteria, and the need for serial controls to evaluate suspected patients with echocardiography and other supportive laboratory findings</p>
        <sec>
          <title>Case 1</title>
          <p>A three-year-old girl was admitted to the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department of our hospital with a fever of up to 39&#176;C that persisted for 9 days. In the prior hospital follow-ups, it was learned that she had severe lower abdominal pain with fever, high acute phase reactants, leukocytosis, and pyuria in the urine analysis, and she has been receiving ceftriaxone and amikacin treatments with a preliminary diagnosis of urinary tract infection. Because of the presence of high acute phase reactants and no signs of classic KD, the necessary consultations and examinations were performed to exclude pathologies such as intra-abdominal abscesses and cholecystitis in the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Department. Then, on the 4th day of her hospitalization, she was consulted by our Department of Pediatric Cardiology to be evaluated for KD. Her medical and family history were unremarkable. On physical examination, her body weight was 17 kg (75-90 percentile) and her height was 98 cm (25-50 percentile). No signs of classic KD were found. In the blood count, there was no feature other than leukocytosis in neutrophil dominance, total protein: 6.3 g/dL, serum albumin: 2.8 g/dL, C-reactive protein (CRP): 7.3 mg/dL (normal range: 0-0.8 mg/dL), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR):86 mm/hr. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed medium-sized saccular aneurysms in the right and left main coronary arteries (RCA and LCA) by TTE [4.3 x 4 mm in RCA (z score: 6.66) and 5.2 x 4.9 mm in LCA (z score:6.65)] (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01001">Figure 1</xref>). With the diagnosis of KD, the patient was administered 2 gr/kg intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and an anti-inflammatory dose of acetylsalicylic acid. Desquamation was observed on the fingertips on the next day. The patient did not have a fever after IVIG therapy and acute phase reactants regressed in the follow-up of the patient. On the 9th day of the treatment, CRP level was reduced to 0.6 mg/dL while platelet count and serum albumin level increased to 923,000/mm3 and 4.4 g/dL, respectively. In the control echocardiography performed 2 weeks later, a reduction in the size of the coronary artery aneurysms was detected [2.4 x 1.8 mm in RCA (z score: 1.23) and 4.1 x 3.8 mm in LCA (z score:3.97)]. On the second week of follow-up, the dose of acetylsalicylic acid treatment was decreased to an antiaggregant dose. Selective coronary angiography performed at the 8th month of the follow-up revealed normal coronary artery course and diameters with no appearance compatible with an aneurysm.</p>
          <p>
            <fig id="f01001">
              <label>Figure 1</label>
              <caption>
                <title>&#8211; Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated saccular dilations in the middle of the right coronary artery.</title>
              </caption>
              <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-121-06-e20230163-30163-gf01-en.tif"/></fig>
          </p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Case 2</title>
          <p>A six-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital due to persistent fever and headache. It was learned that thirteen days before admission to our hospital, she had been hospitalized at another clinic with the diagnosis of gastroenteritis because she had a fever reaching 39.5&#176;C associated with diarrhea and abdominal pain and was treated with intravenous ceftriaxone and metronidazole. Because her fever persisted longer than 5 days (8 days) and acute phase reactant levels were elevated, she had been evaluated with TTE with the provisional diagnosis of KD. Echocardiography revealed a fusiform dilatation in the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). After receiving 2 gr/kg of IVIG and an anti-inflammatory dose of acetylsalicylic acid, her fever had regressed and she had been discharged from the other hospital one day later. She was admitted to our hospital on the second day after being discharged because of recurrent fever exceeding 38&#176;C. It was learned that the patient had no signs of classical KD during these periods. The patient&#8217;s medical and family history was unremarkable. In physical examination; height was 105 cm (25-50 percentile) and body weight was 17 kg (10-25 percentile). Classical KD findings were not observed. In laboratory tests; the blood count was unremarkable except for thrombocytosis (platelet count 508,000/mm3), serum levels of total protein 8.1 g/dL, albumin 3.6 g/dL, procalcitonin 0.099 ng/mL (normal value: 0-0.5 ng/mL), CRP 34.4 mg/dL (normal value:0-5 mg/dL), and ESR 93 mm/hr. Pyuria was not detected in the urinalysis. There was no growth in blood and urine cultures, normal flora bacteria grew in stool culture. The electrocardiogram was normal. In TTE, there was an apparent ectasia (3.5 mm) in LAD (z score: 5.58) (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f02001">Figure 2</xref>), and the left main coronary artery (LMCA) was dilated to 3.5 mm (z score:2.61). Continuing oral acetylsalicylic acid therapy at the anti-inflammatory dose of 100 mg/kg, a second session of IVIG therapy at a dose of 2 g/kg was given. Her fever did not recur following the second IVIG therapy and she was discharged on the seventh day of admission. On the tenth day of admission (at out-patient follow-up), CRP and ESR levels were decreased to 2.8 mg/dL and 7 mm/hr, respectively and platelet count increased to 621,000/mm<sup>3</sup>. In the outpatient follow-up on the fourteenth day of hospital admission, although there was no significant change in LAD size (3.6 mm, z score 5.94), a reduction in LMCA size (2.6 mm, z score: 0.38) was detected. On the second week of follow-up, the dose of acetylsalicylic acid treatment was decreased to an antiaggregant dose. With a gradual decrease of aneurysmal size in the follow-up period, the echocardiographic evaluation on the ninth month of follow-up revealed a complete regression of the coronary dilations. Coronary angiography performed on the twelfth month was also normal.</p>
          <p>
            <fig id="f02001">
              <label>Figure 2</label>
              <caption>
                <title>&#8211; Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated an apparent ectasia (3.5 mm; z score 5.58) in the left anterior descending coronary artery.</title>
              </caption>
              <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-121-06-e20230163-30163-gf02-en.tif"/></fig>
          </p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="discussion">
        <title>Discussion</title>
        <p>The diagnosis of incomplete or atypical KD is made by echocardiography and the presence of the supporting laboratory findings in the patients with at least 5 days persisting of fever associated with two or three clinical criteria. It has been reported that 12% of KD patients had an incomplete form. In the 2017 guideline of the American Heart Association, beginning treatment is recommended in children with fever persisting for at least 5 days and two or three compatible clinical criteria or in infants with fever for at least seven days without other clinical criteria who have high CRP (&#8805;3 mg/dL) and ESR (&#8805;40 mm/hr) in case of the presence of at least three of the supportive laboratory findings (anemia, platelet count of &#8805;450,000/mm<sup>3</sup> after the 7th day of fever, albumin &#8804;3 g/dL, elevated aspartate transaminase (AST) level, leucocyte count of &#8805;15,000/mm<sup>3</sup>, &#8805;10 leucocyte/hpf in urinalysis) or a compatible finding in echocardiographic evaluation.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> In our cases, those who had a fever persisting for more than 5 days and laboratory findings of systemic inflammation, coronary artery aneurysms, and ectasias were detected by echocardiography. However, none of the classic KD symptoms were present in our cases, except desquamation at the fingertips occurred in the subacute period after diagnosis in case 1. The development of coronary artery aneurysms often starts after the 10th day of the disease. For patients who were diagnosed after the tenth day, it is recommended to administer IVIG treatment in case of the presence of fever or coronary artery abnormality with the persistence of elevated ESR and CRP levels.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Due to case 1&#8217;s late referral to us somewhat late on the 13th day of the disease, coronary artery aneurysms were detected during the subacute phase of the disease, and the patient was given IVIG because of the persistence of fever and systemic inflammatory signs. After the acute phase of the disease, acetylsalicylic acid therapy is reduced to an antiaggregant dose to provide antithrombotic therapy. When there is a coronary artery aneurysm, lifelong low-dose acetylsalicylic acid medication is advised, even if the coronary artery findings have returned to normal. In patients with moderate or large-sized aneurysms, it is recommended to combine acetylsalicylic acid with low molecular-weight heparin or warfarin.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> If fever persists after 36th hours of IVIG treatment, a second dose of IVIG infusion, a combination of corticosteroids and IVIG, or infliximab treatment is recommended, considering resistant KD.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> In case 2, the fever and elevated acute phase reactant levels persisted after the initial IVIG infusion, but the patient benefited from the second IVIG treatment. In the presence of persistent fever and elevation in acute phase reactants that cannot be explained by any other reason, incomplete KD should be considered. It was highlighted that most of these patients with atypical course are under one year old and had erythema in BCG vaccine scar, restlessness, and diarrhea.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> Similarly, both of our patients had been followed up with different diagnoses due to complaints of abdominal pain and diarrhea. Headache was an accompanying complaint in our second case. Erythema at the BCG scar was not observed in our patients. However, the ages of the patients in the literature whose diagnoses were based only on the presence of fever without accompanying characteristic findings are variable. The findings of our cases along with the cases reported with only fever in the literature are summarized in <xref ref-type="table" rid="t1001">Table 1</xref>. Yeom et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> compared the findings of six patients with aseptic meningitis due to KD and the patients with meningitis caused by enterococcus infection in their study. Because the clinical and laboratory findings of the Kawasaki patients with aseptic meningitis were not individually presented, the details are unknown, but it was reported that two of these patients initially had presented none of the characteristic findings of KD.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> We presented two cases of KD who were diagnosed due to only persistent fever, to emphasize that KD should be considered in the presence of unexplained persistent fever and laboratory findings suggestive of systemic inflammation, without classical findings of KD. In these patients, supporting laboratory findings should be analyzed and coronary arteries should be evaluated by echocardiography, and if fever persists, repeated and followed-up closely. Additionally, further innovative research is very much needed to identify immunological and cellular markers that can be tested in the early stages of the disease and guide management.</p>
        <p>
          <table-wrap id="t1001">
            <label>Table 1</label>
            <caption>
              <title>&#8211; A summary of our Kawasaki disease cases diagnosed only with fever and similar cases in the literature</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <colgroup>
                <col/>
                <col/>
                <col/>
                <col/>
                <col/>
                <col/>
                <col/>
                <col/>
                <col/>
                <col/>
                <col/>
              </colgroup>
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th align="left" style="font-weight:normal"> </th>
                  <th>Case 1</th>
                  <th>Case 2</th>
                  <th>Vignesh (7)</th>
                  <th>Uchida (10)</th>
                  <th>Ozdemir (11)</th>
                  <th>Thapa (12)</th>
                  <th>Y&#305;lmazer (13)</th>
                  <th>Cabral (14)</th>
                  <th>Yeom (9) Case 1</th>
                  <th>Yeom (9) Case 2</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td>Age</td>
                  <td align="center">3 year</td>
                  <td align="center">6 year</td>
                  <td align="center">5 year</td>
                  <td align="center">20 month</td>
                  <td align="center">2.5 month</td>
                  <td align="center">7 month</td>
                  <td align="center">8 month</td>
                  <td align="center">3 month</td>
                  <td align="center">3 month</td>
                  <td align="center">3 month</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Gender</td>
                  <td align="center">F</td>
                  <td align="center">F</td>
                  <td align="center">M</td>
                  <td align="center">M</td>
                  <td align="center">M</td>
                  <td align="center">M</td>
                  <td align="center">F</td>
                  <td align="center">F</td>
                  <td align="center">M</td>
                  <td align="center">M</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Duration of fever (day)</td>
                  <td align="center">13</td>
                  <td align="center">11</td>
                  <td align="center">17</td>
                  <td align="center">12</td>
                  <td align="center">12</td>
                  <td align="center">7</td>
                  <td align="center">19</td>
                  <td align="center">22</td>
                  <td align="center">10</td>
                  <td align="center">5</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Characteristic diagnostic criteria</td>
                  <td align="center">-</td>
                  <td align="center">-</td>
                  <td align="center">-</td>
                  <td align="center">-</td>
                  <td align="center">-</td>
                  <td align="center">-</td>
                  <td align="center">-</td>
                  <td align="center">Rash, peeling (at 22<sup>nd</sup> day)</td>
                  <td align="center">-</td>
                  <td align="center">-</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Additional symptoms</td>
                  <td align="center">Abdominal pain</td>
                  <td align="center">Abdominal pain, diarrhea, headache</td>
                  <td align="center">Irritability</td>
                  <td align="center">Irritability</td>
                  <td align="center">None</td>
                  <td align="center">Irritability</td>
                  <td align="center">None</td>
                  <td align="center">Diarrhea</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Hemoglobin (g/dL)</td>
                  <td align="center">10</td>
                  <td align="center">11</td>
                  <td align="center">9</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                  <td align="center">8.3</td>
                  <td align="center">11.5</td>
                  <td align="center">9.2</td>
                  <td align="center">8.9</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>WBC (/mm<sup>3</sup>)</td>
                  <td align="center">17,300</td>
                  <td align="center">13,000</td>
                  <td align="center">16,750</td>
                  <td align="center">12,700</td>
                  <td align="center">16,700</td>
                  <td align="center">11,500</td>
                  <td align="center">12,100</td>
                  <td align="center">10,900</td>
                  <td align="center">?*</td>
                  <td align="center">?*</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Platelet (/mm<sup>3</sup>)</td>
                  <td align="center">430,000</td>
                  <td align="center">508,000</td>
                  <td align="center">518,000</td>
                  <td align="center">626,000</td>
                  <td align="center">710,000</td>
                  <td align="center">350,000</td>
                  <td align="center">988,000</td>
                  <td align="center">891,000</td>
                  <td align="center">?*</td>
                  <td align="center">?*</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Albumin (g/dL)</td>
                  <td align="center">2.8</td>
                  <td align="center">3.6</td>
                  <td align="center">2</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                  <td align="center">3.4</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                  <td align="center">2.6</td>
                  <td align="center">?*</td>
                  <td align="center">?*</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>ALT (U/L)</td>
                  <td align="center">11</td>
                  <td align="center">10</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                  <td align="center">Normal</td>
                  <td align="center">17</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                  <td align="center">High</td>
                  <td align="center">Normal</td>
                  <td align="center">Normal</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Pyuria</td>
                  <td align="center">+</td>
                  <td align="center">-</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                  <td align="center">?*</td>
                  <td align="center">?*</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>C- reactive protein (mg/dl)</td>
                  <td align="center">7.3</td>
                  <td align="center">34.4</td>
                  <td align="center">26.8</td>
                  <td align="center">131</td>
                  <td align="center">8.3</td>
                  <td align="center">48</td>
                  <td align="center">22.3</td>
                  <td align="center">6.7</td>
                  <td align="center">?*</td>
                  <td align="center">?*</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>ESR (mm/hour)</td>
                  <td align="center">96</td>
                  <td align="center">93</td>
                  <td align="center">97</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                  <td align="center">80</td>
                  <td align="center">42</td>
                  <td align="center">125</td>
                  <td align="center">122</td>
                  <td align="center">?*</td>
                  <td align="center">?*</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Additional findings</td>
                  <td align="center">-</td>
                  <td align="center">-</td>
                  <td align="center">-</td>
                  <td align="center">-</td>
                  <td align="center">-</td>
                  <td align="center">-</td>
                  <td align="center">-</td>
                  <td align="center">Pleocytosis</td>
                  <td align="center">Pleocytosis</td>
                  <td align="center">Pleocytosis</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Echocardiography</td>
                  <td align="center">RCA z score: 6.66 (4.3 x 4 mm) LMCA z score: 6.65 (5.2 x 4.9 mm)</td>
                  <td align="center">LMCA z score 2.6 (3.5 mm) LAD z score: 5.58 (3.5 mm)</td>
                  <td align="center">LAD z score: 16 RCA z score: 10</td>
                  <td align="center">LMCA: 3.7 mm LCX: 4.3 mm RCA: 4.3 mm</td>
                  <td align="center">RCA z score: 7.25 LMCA z score: 7.6</td>
                  <td align="center">LAD: 4.8 mm</td>
                  <td align="center">LMCA: 6 mm</td>
                  <td align="center">RCA: 3.4 mm LCA: 4.2 mm</td>
                  <td align="center">Coronary involvement (+)</td>
                  <td align="center">Normal</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Treatment</td>
                  <td align="center">IVIG, aspirin</td>
                  <td align="center">IVIG (2 doses), aspirin</td>
                  <td align="center">IVIG + infliximab, LMWH, aspirin</td>
                  <td align="center">IVIG, aspirin</td>
                  <td align="center">IVIG, aspirin</td>
                  <td align="center">IVIG, aspirin</td>
                  <td align="center">IVIG, aspirin</td>
                  <td align="center">IVIG, aspirin</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                  <td align="center">?</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
            <table-wrap-foot>
              <fn id="TFN1001">
                <p>*Laboratory findings were not reported individually in this study. Data of a total of 6 patients [median (lower-upper limits)]: WBC: 12,340 (6,500- 23,930)/mm<sup>3</sup>, platelet: 420,000 (246,000- 518,000)/mm<sup>3</sup>, albumin: 3.7 ( 3.1- 4.4) mg/dL, ALT: 20 (16-23) IU/L, pyuria in 50% of the patients, CRP: 46.5 (37-115) mg/dL. F: female; M: male; IVIG: intravenous immunoglobulin; ESR: erythrocyte sedimentation rate; WBC: white blood cell; RCA: right coronary artery; LMCA: left main coronary artery; LAD: left anterior descending artery; LMWH: low molecular weight heparin.</p>
              </fn>
            </table-wrap-foot>
          </table-wrap>
        </p>
      </sec>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <label>Study association</label>
          <p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <label>Ethics approval and consent to participate</label>
          <p>This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="financial-disclosure">
          <label>Sources of funding</label>
          <p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
