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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">3NjxMGyDXnpn5H48cKwqstj</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2024000400901</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00901</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20230798</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Carta ao Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Efeitos da Imunossupress&#227;o em Transplantados Card&#237;acos por Doen&#231;a de Chagas</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Fontenele</surname>
            <given-names>L&#250;cio Moreira</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Almeida</surname>
            <given-names>Nayara Ribeiro M&#225;ximo de</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Carvalho</surname>
            <given-names>Breno Rennan de Souza</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Silva</surname>
            <given-names>Egidio Bezerra da</given-names>
            <suffix>Neto</suffix>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Teixeira</surname>
            <given-names>Brenda dos Santos</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-9679-5287</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Lopes</surname>
            <given-names>Johnnatas Mikael</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal do Vale do S&#227;o Francisco</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Paulo Afonso</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">BA</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal do Vale do S&#227;o Francisco (UNIVASF), Paulo Afonso, BA &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Johnnatas Mikael Lopes &#8226;</bold> UNIVASF &#8211; Colegiado de Medicina &#8211; Centro de Forma&#231;&#227;o Profissional de Paulo Afonso (CFPPA) &#8211; Rua da Aurora, S/N Quadra 27 Lote 3. CEP <postal-code>48607-190</postal-code>, Bairro General Dutra, Paulo Afonso, BA &#8211; Brasil E-mail: <email>johnnataslopes2@gmail.com</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>20</day>
        <month>05</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>121</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <elocation-id>e20230798</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>19</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>10</day>
          <month>01</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>10</day>
          <month>01</month>
          <year>2024</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Doen&#231;a de Chagas</kwd>
        <kwd>Transplante Card&#237;aco</kwd>
        <kwd>Imunossupress&#227;o</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="4"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>O acometimento card&#237;aco na Doen&#231;a de Chagas (DC) representa a forma mais grave da doen&#231;a, ocorrendo em 30 a 40 % dos pacientes infectados.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Paciente com insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca de origem chag&#225;sica muitas vezes s&#227;o refrat&#225;rios ao tratamento medicamentoso, requerendo avalia&#231;&#227;o de necessidade de transplante card&#237;aco (TC). Ap&#243;s realiza&#231;&#227;o do TC faz-se necess&#225;rio a imunossupress&#227;o do paciente para garantir maior chance de aceita&#231;&#227;o e vitalidade do enxerto, por outro lado, a imunossupress&#227;o &#233; fator contribuinte para recidiva da DC, o que poderia comprometer diretamente o enxerto ou mesmo agravar outros par&#226;metros de sa&#250;de do paciente chag&#225;sico, repercutindo diretamente na mortalidade nos pr&#243;ximos 5 anos ap&#243;s transplante.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> Muitas das terapias card&#237;acas implementadas na DC adv&#234;m de terapias estudadas em cardiopatias de outras origens, sendo necess&#225;rio mais pesquisas terap&#234;uticas em popula&#231;&#245;es de indiv&#237;duos portadores de DC.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup></p>
    <p>O artigo intitulado <italic>Sobrevida de Pacientes Transplantados Card&#237;acos com Doen&#231;a De Chagas Sob Diferentes Regimes de Imunossupressores Antiproliferativos</italic><sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> apresenta uma tem&#225;tica de extrema import&#226;ncia para o cen&#225;rio da aten&#231;&#227;o aos indiv&#237;duos com Doen&#231;a de Chagas, principalmente no que tange a desfechos danosos como &#243;bito e reativa&#231;&#227;o da doen&#231;a.</p>
    <p>Entretanto, visualizamos uma possibilidade de enriquecer mais as infer&#234;ncias apresentadas pelos autores por meio da distin&#231;&#227;o entre o conceito de risco para o evento de sa&#250;de e o risco de o tempo para o evento ocorrer. Esses dois conceitos s&#227;o medidos de forma diferente em estudos longitudinais, sendo o risco para o evento medido atrav&#233;s do risco relativo ou <italic>odds ratio</italic> e no caso no risco do tempo para ocorr&#234;ncia seria o <italic>hazard ratio</italic> (HR). O RR e o OR medem o risco em um intervalo de tempo fixo e o HR mede a velocidade em que o desfecho acontece.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Dessa forma, o que na verdade os autores pretendiam medir, de acordo com os objetivos apresentados, seria o risco para o &#243;bito e nesta situa&#231;&#227;o a forma correta seria o RR, o qual revela a probabilidade para o &#243;bito mediante alguma caracter&#237;stica como a terap&#234;utica imunossupressora. Sendo assim, o que temos apresentado na Tabela 3 &#233; a velocidade (risco) para ocorr&#234;ncia do desfecho &#243;bito.</p>
    <p>Queremos sugerir que os autores apresentem uma tabela com an&#225;lise multivariada por regress&#227;o de Poisson evidenciando o RR para o evento &#243;bito assim como a mesma an&#225;lise para o desfecho reativa&#231;&#227;o da DC, a fim de confirmar a aus&#234;ncia de efeito da vari&#225;vel grupo imunossupressor, aprofundando os achados mostrados na Tabela 2.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
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  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S01" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20230798i</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Letter to the Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Effects of Immunosuppression in Heart Transplant Patients Due to Chagas Disease</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Fontenele</surname>
            <given-names>L&#250;cio Moreira</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Almeida</surname>
            <given-names>Nayara Ribeiro M&#225;ximo de</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Carvalho</surname>
            <given-names>Breno Rennan de Souza</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Silva </surname>
            <given-names>Egidio Bezerra da</given-names>
            <suffix>Neto</suffix>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Teixeira</surname>
            <given-names>Brenda dos Santos</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-9679-5287</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Lopes</surname>
            <given-names>Johnnatas Mikael</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>1</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Paulo Afonso</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">BA</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal do Vale do S&#227;o Francisco (UNIVASF), Paulo Afonso, BA &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Mailling Address: Johnnatas Mikael Lopes &#8226;</bold> UNIVASF &#8211; Colegiado de Medicina &#8211; Centro de Forma&#231;&#227;o Profissional de Paulo Afonso (CFPPA) &#8211; Rua da Aurora, S/N Quadra 27 Lote 3. Postal Code <postal-code>48607-190</postal-code>, Bairro General Dutra, Paulo Afonso, BA &#8211; Brazl E-mail: <email>johnnataslopes2@gmail.com</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Chagas Disease</kwd>
        <kwd>Heart Transplantation</kwd>
        <kwd>Immunosuppresion</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Cardiac involvement in Chagas Disease (CD) represents the most severe form of the disease, occurring in 30 to 40% of infected patients.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Patients with heart failure of chagasic origin are often refractory to drug treatment, requiring assessment of the need for heart transplantation (CT). After carrying out the CT, it is necessary patient's immunosuppression to ensure a greater chance of graft acceptance and vitality, on the other hand, immunosuppression is a contributing factor to CD relapse, which could directly compromise the graft or even worsen other health parameters of the patient, directly impacting mortality in the next 5 years after transplant.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> Many of the cardiac therapies implemented in CD come from therapies studied in heart diseases of other origins, requiring more therapeutic research in populations of individuals with CD.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup></p>
      <p>The article entitled Survival of Survival of Heart Transplant Patients with Chagas&#8217; Disease Under Different Antiproliferative Immunosuppressive Regimens<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> presents a theme of extreme importance for the scenario of care for individuals with Chagas, especially concerning harmful outcomes such as death and reactivation of the disease.</p>
      <p>However, we see a possibility of further enriching inferences presented by the authors through the distinction between the concept of risk for the event of health and the risk of time for the event to occur. These two concepts are measured in a way different in longitudinal studies, with the risk for the event measured through the relative risk or odds ratio, and in the case of the risk of time to occurrence, it would be the hazard ratio (HR). The RR and the OR measure the risk in a fixed time interval and the HR measures the speed at which the outcome happens.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup></p>
      <p>In this way, what the authors actually intended to measure, according to the objectives presented, would be the risk of death and in this situation, the correct way would be better through RR, which reveals the probability of death based on some characteristic such as immunosuppressive therapy. Therefore, what we have presented in Table 3 is the speed (risk) for the occurrence of the death outcome.</p>
      <p>We would like to suggest that the authors present a table with multivariate analysis by Poisson regression showing the RR for the death event as well as the same analysis for the outcome of CD reactivation, to confirm the absence of effect of the group variable immunosuppressant, deepening the findings shown in Table 2.</p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
