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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">YhcMYDxdBgWkNRDRMR95MXd</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2023001200207</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00207</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20230814</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Escore para Avalia&#231;&#227;o de Progn&#243;stico em Pacientes com Endocardite Infecciosa</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6904-3039</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Mansur</surname>
            <given-names>Alfredo Jos&#233;</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo - Cardiologia Cl&#237;nica, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Alfredo Jos&#233; Mansur</bold> &#8226; Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo - Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44. CEP 05403-000, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil. E-mail: <email>ajmansur@cardiol.br</email>, <email>ajmansur@incor.usp.br</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>23</day>
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2024</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>120</volume>
      <issue>12</issue>
      <elocation-id>e20230814</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>24</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>06</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>06</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p> This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. </license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Progn&#243;stico</kwd>
        <kwd>Endocardite Bacteriana</kwd>
        <kwd>Pacientes Internados</kwd>
        <kwd>Registros Eletr&#244;nicos de Sa&#250;de</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="17"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>Crit&#233;rios estruturados de estimativa progn&#243;stica s&#227;o uma quest&#227;o chave no tratamento de pacientes e podem ser uma ajuda adicional para guiar o aconselhamento adequado dos pacientes, bem como dar suporte &#224;s decis&#245;es terap&#234;uticas aos m&#233;dicos respons&#225;veis pelos pacientes.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> A avalia&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica tamb&#233;m pode ser expressa como escores de risco; muitos deles foram desenvolvidos para casu&#237;sticas de estudos populacionais epidemiol&#243;gicos<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup>ou grupo espec&#237;fico de pacientes como pacientes em terapia intensiva<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> com doen&#231;a cardiovascular suspeita ou ativa<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> ou uma doen&#231;a espec&#237;fica como endocardite infecciosa.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Na presente publica&#231;&#227;o<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup>os autores avaliaram estimativas de progn&#243;stico intra-hospitalar e p&#243;s alta hospitalar com o emprego do escore &#8220;Sharpen&#8221; em compara&#231;&#227;o ao &#237;ndice de comorbidade de Charlson em 168 pacientes (179 admiss&#245;es) com endocardite infecciosa durante dezesseis anos (2000-2016) baseados na revis&#227;o de prontu&#225;rios hospitalares. Sharpen &#233; um acr&#244;nimo de sete condi&#231;&#245;es cl&#237;nicas (expressas em ingl&#234;s) (Press&#227;o arterial Sist&#243;lica, Insufici&#234;ncia Card&#237;aca, Idade, Fun&#231;&#227;o renal, Pneumonia, Taxa elevada de prote&#237;na C reativa e N&#227;o uso de drogas intravenosas &#8211; SHARPEN) submetido a an&#225;lise multivariada (regress&#227;o log&#237;stica) convertendo &#946; coeficientes em pesos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Na casu&#237;stica que se publica neste fasc&#237;culo<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> o <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> foi o microrganismo mais frequente (86%). Sessenta e oito pacientes foram submetidos a cirurgia devido a insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca aguda &#237;ndice (79,4%) ou infec&#231;&#227;o descontrolada (41,2%). Eles conclu&#237;ram que o escore Sharpen teve uma performance apropriada em rela&#231;&#227;o ao &#237;ndice de comorbidade de Charlson e talvez uma melhor acur&#225;cia (72,1, faixa 59,8-82,3 vs. 62, faixa 54,5-69,1) em pacientes n&#227;o operados, apesar de alguma sobreposi&#231;&#227;o das faixas de acur&#225;cia.</p>
    <p>Interessantemente, condi&#231;&#245;es cl&#237;nicas que foram precursoras de complica&#231;&#245;es, eram as vari&#225;veis do escore estudado, bem como outros estudos de progn&#243;stico.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> Em uma perspectiva cl&#237;nica, idade, sexo, infec&#231;&#227;o por microrganismo e condi&#231;&#245;es card&#237;acas e comorbidades, n&#227;o devem faltar na estimativa de risco independentemente de um valor de coeficiente; os n&#250;meros nem sempre traduzem informa&#231;&#245;es cl&#237;nicas relevantes sem uma fase de valida&#231;&#227;o. A presen&#231;a de complica&#231;&#245;es tem sido reconhecida h&#225; muito tempo como &#237;ndice progn&#243;stico desfavor&#225;vel, principalmente na endocardite por <italic>Staphyloccocus aureus</italic><sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref></sup> e outras vari&#225;veis cl&#237;nicas como infec&#231;&#245;es por microrganismos e cirurgia.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> A cirurgia &#224;s vezes pode modificar a proporcionalidade dos riscos durante o per&#237;odo de tratamento, fazendo com que algumas premissas, falhas para o modelo estat&#237;stico baseado em riscos proporcionais, possam n&#227;o atender os pressupostos da modelagem estat&#237;stica.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Endocardite &#233; uma doen&#231;a rara e cada caso pode apresentar caracter&#237;sticas muito individuais que podem dificultar a transla&#231;&#227;o da an&#225;lise de casu&#237;stica de grupo, geralmente retrospectiva, para a pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica de decis&#245;es individuais.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref></sup> Para os m&#233;dicos, a supervis&#227;o cl&#237;nica cuidadosa de cada paciente, o diagn&#243;stico no tempo apropriado da condi&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica e das complica&#231;&#245;es, contribuem para o sucesso das terapias m&#233;dicas e cir&#250;rgicas em pacientes com endocardite infecciosa, incluindo aqueles de alto risco.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref></sup></p>
  </body>
  <back>
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        <p>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Desempenho do Escore SHARPEN e do &#205;ndice de Comorbidade de Charlson para Predi&#231;&#227;o de Mortalidade durante a Interna&#231;&#227;o Hospitalar e ap&#243;s a Alta na Endocardite Infecciosa</p>
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  </back>
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      <article-id pub-id-type="doi"/>
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        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Score For Prognosis Assessment In Patients With Infective Endocarditis</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6904-3039</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Mansur</surname>
            <given-names>Alfredo Jos&#233;</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1001">
        <label>1</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo - Cardiologia Cl&#237;nica, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01001"><bold>Mailing Address: Alfredo Jos&#233; Mansur &#8226;</bold> Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo - Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44. Postal Code 05403-000, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil. E-mail: <email>ajmansur@cardiol.br</email>, <email>ajmansur@incor.usp.br</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Prognosis</kwd>
        <kwd>Endocarditis,Bacterial</kwd>
        <kwd>Inpatients</kwd>
        <kwd>Electronic Health Records</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Structured prognostic estimation criteria are a key issue in patient treatment and can be an additional help to guide appropriate patient counseling, as well as support therapeutic decisions for doctors responsible for patients.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Prognostic assessment can also be expressed as risk scores; many of them were developed for case series of epidemiological population studies<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> or a specific group of patients such as patients in intensive care<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> with suspected or active cardiovascular disease<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> or a specific disease such as infective endocarditis.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup></p>
      <p>In the present publication,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> the authors evaluated in-hospital and post-discharge prognosis estimates using the &#8220;Sharpen&#8221; score in comparison to the Charlson comorbidity index in 168 patients (179 admissions) with infective endocarditis over sixteen years (2000-2016) based on the review of hospital records. Sharpen is an acronym for seven clinical conditions (Systolic Blood Pressure, Heart Failure, Age, Renal Function, Pneumonia, Elevated C-reactive protein Rate, and Non-Use of Intravenous Drugs &#8211; SHARPEN) subjected to multivariate analysis (logistic regression) converting &#946; coefficients into weights.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup></p>
      <p>In the series published in this issue,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> was the most common microorganism (86%). Sixty-eight patients underwent surgery due to index acute heart failure (79.4%) or uncontrolled infection (41.2%). They concluded that the Sharpen score had an appropriate performance in relation to the Charlson comorbidity index and perhaps better accuracy (72.1, range 59.8-82.3 vs. 62, range 54.5-69.1) in non-operated patients, despite some overlap in the ranges of accuracy.</p>
      <p>Interestingly, clinical conditions that were precursors to complications were the variables in the score studied, as well as other prognostic studies.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> From a clinical perspective, age, sex, microorganism infection and cardiac conditions and comorbidities should not be missing from the risk estimate regardless of a coefficient value; numbers do not always translate relevant clinical information without a validation phase. The presence of complications has long been recognized as an unfavorable prognostic index, especially in endocarditis caused by <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic><sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref></sup> and other clinical variables such as infections caused by microorganisms and surgery.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> Surgery can sometimes modify the proportionality of risks during the treatment period, meaning that some assumptions, flaws for the statistical model based on proportional risks, may not meet the assumptions of statistical modeling.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Endocarditis is a rare disease, and each case can present very individual characteristics that can make it difficult to translate group case analysis, generally retrospective, into the clinical practice of individual decisions.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref></sup> For doctors, careful clinical supervision of each patient and timely diagnosis of the clinical condition and complications contribute to the success of medical and surgical therapies in patients with infective endocarditis, including those at high risk.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref></sup></p>
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          <p>Short Editorial related to the article: Performance of the SHARPEN Score and the Charlson Comorbidity Index for In-Hospital and Post-Discharge Mortality Prediction in Infective Endocarditis</p>
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