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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">gbCnRF548b7fvWYTfq7cS8v</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2023001000204</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00204</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20230703</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Uma Iniciativa Nacional de Melhoria da Qualidade em Cardiologia: O Programa Boas Pr&#225;ticas em Cardiologia no Brasil</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6746-8327</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Bianco</surname>
            <given-names>Henrique Tria</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"> Correspond&#234;ncia: Henrique Tria Bianco &#8226; Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo - Rua Loefgren, 1350. CEP 04023-062, S&#227;oo Paulo, SP - Brasil E-mail: <email>henriquetria@uol.com.br</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>24</day>
        <month>11</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>11</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>120</volume>
      <issue>10</issue>
      <elocation-id>e20230703</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>09</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>18</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>18</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p> This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. </license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Cardiologia</kwd>
        <kwd>Melhoria de Qualidade, Pr&#225;tica Cl&#237;nica Baseada em Evid&#234;ncias</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="13"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>O sistema de sa&#250;de p&#250;blico no Brasil se ocupa da alta demanda de atendimento, atuando na preven&#231;&#227;o prim&#225;ria, secund&#225;ria e terci&#225;ria. A despeito de in&#250;meros esfor&#231;os e iniciativas e considerando a melhoria destes atendimentos, os resultados ainda est&#227;o aqu&#233;m das necessidades, carecendo de implementa&#231;&#227;o de novas frentes de a&#231;&#227;o.<sup><xref rid="B1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref></sup>Adicionalmente, pouco tem sido executado para o melhor controle e conhecimento da utiliza&#231;&#227;o dos recursos destinados &#224; sa&#250;de, impactando em barreiras para a ado&#231;&#227;o de terapias baseadas em evid&#234;ncias. A mortalidade hospitalar por doen&#231;as cardiovasculares no Brasil &#233; ainda alta, e programas robustos de melhoria da qualidade s&#227;o desej&#225;veis e necess&#225;rios.</p>
    <p>Dois ensaios randomizados realizados no Brasil (BRIDGE-ACS e IMPACT-AF) para testar interven&#231;&#245;es multifacetadas para melhorar a ades&#227;o &#224;s recomenda&#231;&#245;es de diretrizes mostraram que a implementa&#231;&#227;o de interven&#231;&#245;es de melhoria da qualidade (MQ) &#233; vi&#225;vel e pode ser eficaz.<sup><xref rid="B2" ref-type="bibr">2</xref> , <xref rid="B3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref> </sup></p>
    <p>Dentro deste cen&#225;rio, destacamos o Programa Boas Pr&#225;ticas em Cardiologia (BPC no Brasil), que visa o incremento de a&#231;&#245;es no cuidado na s&#237;ndrome coron&#225;ria aguda (SCA), na insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca (IC), e na fibrila&#231;&#227;o atrial (FA).<sup><xref rid="B4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref></sup> Este importante programa descreveu com primor as caracter&#237;sticas populacionais, o tratamento hospitalar e os desfechos de pacientes admitidos em hospitais p&#250;blicos no Brasil, avaliando a efetividade dos programas de qualidade assistencial, baseados em diretrizes e recomenda&#231;&#245;es. Desta forma, com importante contribui&#231;&#227;o, neste artigo podemos observar os resultados deste projeto, vendo a melhoria nas taxas destes desfechos cardiovasculares no Brasil. Um total de 12.167 pacientes com diagn&#243;stico de SCA, IC, ou FA foram inclu&#237;dos, provenientes de 19 institui&#231;&#245;es de diferentes regi&#245;es brasileiras.</p>
    <p>As medidas de desempenho foram delineadas para avaliar a qualidade do tratamento de pacientes com SCA, IC e FA. As medidas foram desenvolvidas de acordo com as diretrizes da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia e do <italic>American College of Cardiology /American Heart Association</italic> . Medidas de desempenho para cada condi&#231;&#227;o cr&#237;tica foram analisadas para cada centro antes e ap&#243;s a participa&#231;&#227;o no programa BPC. Como resultados, observou-se uma taxa de prescri&#231;&#227;o de AAS (&#225;cido acetil salic&#237;lico) de 96,2%, que &#233; compar&#225;vel a outros pa&#237;ses, como o Reino Unido (98,1%) e a Su&#233;cia (94,6%). Ainda, a taxa de uso de betabloqueadores por ocasi&#227;o da alta hospitalar foi 88,6%, tamb&#233;m compar&#225;vel &#224;s taxas dos pa&#237;ses supracitados.<sup><xref rid="B5" ref-type="bibr">5</xref> - <xref rid="B7" ref-type="bibr">7</xref> </sup></p>
    <p>Um aspecto de fundamental import&#226;ncia refere-se aos resultados obtidos na qualidade de vida dos pacientes com IC, uma vez que esse &#233; um preditor de desfechos cl&#237;nicos adversos, tais como mortalidade em curto prazo e reinterna&#231;&#227;o precoce desses pacientes. No presente estudo, foi poss&#237;vel observar que interven&#231;&#245;es farmacol&#243;gicas e n&#227;o farmacol&#243;gicas melhoram a qualidade de vida em pacientes com IC ap&#243;s seis meses da alta hospitalar.</p>
    <p>Um interessante estudo de interven&#231;&#227;o educativa multifacetada e multin&#237;vel, destinada a melhorar o uso de anticoagula&#231;&#227;o oral (ACO) em pacientes com FA e em risco de acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), resultou em aumento significativo na propor&#231;&#227;o de pacientes tratados, com potencial de melhorar a preven&#231;&#227;o do AVC.<sup><xref rid="B8" ref-type="bibr">8</xref></sup>Entretanto, apesar da exist&#234;ncia de tratamentos farmacol&#243;gicos seguros e eficazes para a preven&#231;&#227;o do AVC entre pacientes com FA, apenas 40% a 60% dos pacientes estavam sob tratamento regular. Ainda, apenas dois ter&#231;os dos pacientes com FA que tiveram um AVC estavam tomando ACO no momento do evento agudo.<sup><xref rid="B9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref> - <xref rid="B11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref> </sup>Assim, existe uma necessidade m&#233;dica n&#227;o atendida de estudos que desenvolvam interven&#231;&#245;es baseadas em evid&#234;ncias, e que possam levar a um maior uso de ACO em pacientes com FA que correm risco de AVC.<sup><xref rid="B12" ref-type="bibr">12</xref></sup></p>
    <p>O ACCEPT, um estudo observacional prospectivo incluiu pacientes internados com diagn&#243;stico de SCA em 47 hospitais brasileiros. Os pacientes foram seguidos por 1 ano e coletaram-se dados sobre prescri&#231;&#227;o m&#233;dica e ocorr&#234;ncia de eventos cardiovasculares maiores. A prescri&#231;&#227;o completa de terapias baseadas em evid&#234;ncia na admiss&#227;o hospitalar foi de apenas 62%, mostrando a necessidade de elabora&#231;&#227;o de estrat&#233;gias para melhorar o uso de terapias espec&#237;ficas, no sentido de minimizar os eventos cardiovasculares na popula&#231;&#227;o brasileira.<sup><xref rid="B13" ref-type="bibr">13</xref></sup></p>
    <sec>
      <title>Conclus&#245;es</title>
      <p>O programa BPC determina e mensura as m&#233;tricas de qualidade assistencial, pautado por diretrizes especializadas, aplic&#225;veis no manejo de algumas doen&#231;as cardiovasculares, em destaque para a FA, a IC e SCA.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
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    <fn-group>
      <fn id="fn1">
        <label/>
        <p>
          <italic>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Uma Iniciativa Nacional de Melhoria da Qualidade em Cardiologia: O Programa de Boas Pr&#225;ticas em Cardiologia no Brasil</italic>
        </p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>A National Quality Improvement Initiative in Cardiology: The Good Practices in Cardiology Program in Brazil</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6746-8327</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Bianco</surname>
            <given-names>Henrique Tria</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1001">
        <label>1</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01001">Mailing Address: Henrique Tria Bianco &#8226; Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo - Rua Loefgren, 1350. Postal Code 04023-062, S&#227;oo Paulo, SP - Brazil E-mail: henriquetria@uol.com.br</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Cardiology</kwd>
        <kwd>Quality Improvement, Evidence-Based Practice</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>The public health system in Brazil deals with the high demand for care, acting in primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. Despite countless efforts and initiatives and considering the improvement of these services, the results are still below the needs, requiring the implementation of new fronts of action.<sup><xref rid="B1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref></sup>Additionally, little has been carried out to better control and understand the use of resources destined for health, impacting barriers to adopting evidence-based therapies. Hospital mortality from cardiovascular diseases in Brazil is still high, and robust quality improvement programs are desirable and necessary.</p>
      <p>Two randomized trials conducted in Brazil (BRIDGE-ACS and IMPACT-AF) to test multifaceted interventions to improve adherence to guideline recommendations showed that implementing quality improvement (QI) interventions is feasible and can be effective.<sup><xref rid="B2" ref-type="bibr">2</xref> , <xref rid="B3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref> </sup></p>
      <p>Within this scenario, we highlight the Good Practices in Cardiology Program (BPC in Brazil), which aims to increase actions in care for acute coronary syndrome (ACS), heart failure (HF), and atrial fibrillation (AF).<sup><xref rid="B4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref></sup>This important program exquisitely described the population characteristics, hospital treatment, and outcomes of patients admitted to public hospitals in Brazil, evaluating the effectiveness of quality care programs based on guidelines and recommendations. Thus, with an important contribution in this article, we can observe the results of this project, seeing the improvement in the rates of these cardiovascular outcomes in Brazil. Twelve thousand one hundred sixty-seven patients diagnosed with ACS, HF, or AF were included from 19 institutions in different Brazilian regions.</p>
      <p>Performance measures were designed to assess the quality of treatment for patients with ACS, HF, and AF. The measures were developed following the Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia and the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines. Performance measures for each critical condition were analyzed for each center before and after participation in the BPC program. As a result, a prescription rate for ASA (acetylsalicylic acid) of 96.2% was observed, which is comparable to other countries, such as the United Kingdom (98.1%) and Sweden (94.6%). Furthermore, the rate of beta-blocker use at the time of hospital discharge was 88.6%, also comparable to the rates in the countries mentioned above.<sup><xref rid="B5" ref-type="bibr">5</xref> - <xref rid="B7" ref-type="bibr">7</xref> </sup></p>
      <p>An aspect of fundamental importance refers to the results obtained in the quality of life of patients with HF since this is a predictor of adverse clinical outcomes, such as short-term mortality and early readmission of these patients. In the present study, it was possible to observe that pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions improve the quality of life in patients with HF six months after hospital discharge.</p>
      <p>An interesting multifaceted, multilevel educational intervention study aimed at improving the use of oral anticoagulation (OAC) in patients with AF and at risk of stroke resulted in a significant increase in the proportion of patients treated, with the potential to improve stroke prevention.<sup><xref rid="B8" ref-type="bibr">8</xref></sup>However, despite the existence of safe and effective pharmacological treatments for stroke prevention among patients with AF, only 40% to 60% of patients were under regular treatment. Still, only two-thirds of patients with AF who had a stroke took OCs at the time of the acute event.<sup><xref rid="B9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref> - <xref rid="B11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref> </sup>Thus, there is an unmet medical need for studies that develop evidence-based interventions that could lead to greater use of OAC in patients with AF who are at risk of stroke.<sup><xref rid="B12" ref-type="bibr">12</xref></sup></p>
      <p>ACCEPT, a prospective observational study, included patients admitted with a diagnosis of ACS in 47 Brazilian hospitals. Patients were followed for 1 year, and data on medical prescriptions and the occurrence of major cardiovascular events were collected. The complete prescription of evidence-based therapies upon hospital admission was only 62%, showing the need to develop strategies to improve the use of specific therapies to minimize cardiovascular events in the Brazilian population.<sup><xref rid="B13" ref-type="bibr">13</xref></sup></p>
      <sec>
        <title>Conclusions</title>
        <p>The BPC program determines and measures care quality metrics, guided by specialized guidelines, applicable in managing some cardiovascular diseases, especially AF, HF, and ACS.</p>
      </sec>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn id="fn1001">
          <label/>
          <p>
            <italic>Short editorial related to the article: A Nationwide Initiative to Improve Cardiology Quality: The Best Practice in Cardiology Program in Brazi</italic>
          </p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
