<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="editorial" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="sps-1.9" xml:lang="pt">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">5MWSnC7hbK3hYRKxnv3TjWL</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2023000800202</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00202</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20230525</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Piora Hospitalar da Insufici&#234;ncia Card&#237;aca: Podemos Prev&#234;-la na Admiss&#227;o?</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-1654-4531</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Villacorta</surname>
            <given-names>Humberto</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal Fluminense</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Niter&#243;i</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter&#243;i, RJ &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Humberto Villacorta &#8226;</bold> Universidade Federal Fluminense &#8211; Cardiologia &#8211; Rua Marqu&#234;s do Paran&#225;, 303. CEP <postal-code>24033-900</postal-code>, Niter&#243;i, RJ &#8211; Brasil E-mail: <email>hvillacorta@cardiol.br</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>10</day>
        <month>11</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>120</volume>
      <issue>8</issue>
      <elocation-id>e20230525</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>28</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>09</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>09</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Insufici&#234;ncia Card&#237;aca</kwd>
        <kwd>Descompensa&#231;&#227;o Card&#237;aca</kwd>
        <kwd>Progn&#243;stico</kwd>
        <kwd>Fatores de Risco</kwd>
        <kwd>Admiss&#227;o do Paciente</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="2"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="10"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>A insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca aguda descompensada (ICDA) &#233; um marcador de risco na trajet&#243;ria do paciente com insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca (IC). Pode ser a apresenta&#231;&#227;o inicial (IC <italic>de novo</italic>) ou uma exacerba&#231;&#227;o aguda da IC cr&#244;nica.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> A maioria dos pacientes com ICAD chega ao pronto-socorro (PS) com congest&#227;o e geralmente responde bem ao tratamento com diur&#233;ticos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> No entanto, alguns pacientes de alto risco podem ter um curso complicado durante a hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o, incluindo piora intra-hospitalar da IC (PIC), definida como sinais e sintomas persistentes ou agravados que requerem uma escalada na terapia.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> A identifica&#231;&#227;o desses pacientes &#233; importante, pois apresentam maior risco de eventos intra-hospitalares e p&#243;s-alta.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup></p>
    <p>No in&#237;cio dos anos 2000, a ICDA come&#231;ou a atrair a aten&#231;&#227;o de muitos pesquisadores na &#225;rea de IC. Nesse per&#237;odo, um grande registro de pacientes com ICAD &#8211; o Registro ADHERE &#8211; foi criado nos Estados Unidos da Am&#233;rica.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> O Registro ADHERE deu enormes contribui&#231;&#245;es ao campo da ICDA. Eles nos ensinaram sobre as caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas e os resultados desses pacientes, mas, mais importante, criaram regras de previs&#227;o para pacientes admitidos com ICAD. Eles inicialmente relataram uma an&#225;lise de &#225;rvore de regress&#227;o, usando tr&#234;s vari&#225;veis simples para prever a mortalidade intra-hospitalar &#8211; nitrog&#234;nio ureico no sangue (BUN), creatinina e press&#227;o arterial sist&#243;lica.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Dois anos depois, relataram o valor do pept&#237;deo natriur&#233;tico tipo B (BNP) na predi&#231;&#227;o de mortalidade intra-hospitalar.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> Em 2016, eles desenvolveram e validaram um modelo para prever PIC intra-hospitalar, que incluiu vari&#225;veis cl&#237;nicas (idade, frequ&#234;ncia card&#237;aca, press&#227;o arterial sist&#243;lica), exames laboratoriais (BUN, creatinina, s&#243;dio s&#233;rico), biomarcadores (BNP e troponina) e fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo (FEVE).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Seu modelo teve boa discrimina&#231;&#227;o, com c-estat&#237;sticas de 0,74 e 0,72 para as coortes de deriva&#231;&#227;o e valida&#231;&#227;o, respectivamente, conforme mostrado na <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figura 1</xref>. No entanto, a discrimina&#231;&#227;o foi modesta na coorte de valida&#231;&#227;o externa (estudo ASCEND-HF) (c-estat&#237;stica 0,63).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup></p>
    <fig id="f1">
      <label>Figura 1</label>
      <caption>
        <title>S&#237;ntese dos achados do modelo de risco ADHERE para predizer a PIC intra-hospitalar em pacientes internados com ICAD. O estudo incluiu 15.640 pacientes na coorte de deriva&#231;&#227;o e 8.056 pacientes na coorte de valida&#231;&#227;o. Nove vari&#225;veis foram inclu&#237;das no modelo final. PA: press&#227;o arterial; BUN: nitrog&#234;nio ureico no sangue; BNP: pept&#237;deo natriur&#233;tico tipo B; Eavg: &#237;ndice estat&#237;stico que utiliza a m&#233;dia como medida de tend&#234;ncia central para resumir as diferen&#231;as absolutas entre probabilidades preditas e observadas; PIC: piora da insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca; FEVE: fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo.</title>
      </caption>
      <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-120-08-e20230525-30525-gf01.tif"/></fig>
    <p>Nesta edi&#231;&#227;o dos Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, Bernardes et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> apresentam um estudo abordando a quest&#227;o da predi&#231;&#227;o de PIC intra-hospitalar em uma popula&#231;&#227;o brasileira.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> Eles aplicaram o modelo de risco ADHERE a 890 pacientes internados por ICAD. A PIC intra-hospitalar ocorreu em 40,8% de toda a popula&#231;&#227;o. O modelo ADHERE identificou a maioria dos pacientes sem risco de PIC. No entanto, a discrimina&#231;&#227;o foi modesta em compara&#231;&#227;o com a coorte de deriva&#231;&#227;o original usada no Registro ADHERE, com &#225;rea sob a curva de 0,66 e sensibilidade e especificidade de 66,9% e 55,2%, respectivamente.</p>
    <p>As diferen&#231;as nas duas popula&#231;&#245;es podem ser respons&#225;veis pelo menor poder discriminat&#243;rio na coorte brasileira. A popula&#231;&#227;o do estudo de Bernardes parece ter IC mais grave do que a popula&#231;&#227;o do ADHERE. A taxa de PIC foi muito maior na coorte brasileira (40,8% vs 15,4%). Da mesma forma, os pacientes do estudo brasileiro apresentaram menor press&#227;o arterial e menor fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o (metade dos pacientes do registro ADHERE apresentou FEVE &gt;40%). O artigo n&#227;o mostra o desempenho individual dos componentes do escore, e gostaria de saber como o BNP se saiu no presente estudo. Foi demonstrado que o BNP na admiss&#227;o prediz a mortalidade intra-hospitalar, mas faltam dados sobre PIC.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Este &#233; o primeiro estudo a avaliar o valor de um escore para prever PIC intra-hospitalar no Brasil, e parabenizamos os autores por traz&#234;-lo &#224; tona. Apesar das limita&#231;&#245;es acima, o escore ADHERE pode ajudar os m&#233;dicos a identificarem pacientes de alto risco com ICAD no pronto-socorro. No entanto, como os autores apontaram no artigo, n&#227;o deve ser usado como uma ferramenta &#250;nica para prever PIC intra-hospitalar.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other" id="fn1">
        <p>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Uso do Modelo de Risco ADHERE como Preditor de Piora Intra-Hospitalar de Insufici&#234;ncia Card&#237;aca em uma Coorte</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
    <ref-list>
      <title>Refer&#234;ncias</title>
      <ref id="B1">
        <label>1</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Marcondes-Braga</surname>
              <given-names>FG</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Moura</surname>
              <given-names>LA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Issa</surname>
              <given-names>VS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Vieira</surname>
              <given-names>JL</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Rohde</surname>
              <given-names>LE</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Sim&#245;es</surname>
              <given-names>MV</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Emerging topics update of the Brazilian Heart Failure Guideline - 2021</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2021</year>
          <volume>116</volume>
          <issue>6</issue>
          <fpage>1174</fpage>
          <lpage>1212</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20210367</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>1 Marcondes-Braga FG, Moura LA, Issa VS, Vieira JL, Rohde LE, Sim&#245;es MV, et al. Emerging topics update of the Brazilian Heart Failure Guideline - 2021. Arq Bras Cardiol 2021;116(6):1174-212. doi: 10.36660/abc.20210367</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B2">
        <label>2</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Mullens</surname>
              <given-names>W</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Damman</surname>
              <given-names>K</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Harjola</surname>
              <given-names>VP</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mebazza</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Brunner-La Rocca</surname>
              <given-names>HP</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Martens</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>The use of diuretics in heart failure with congestion - a position statement from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology</article-title>
          <source>Eur J Heart Fail</source>
          <year>2019</year>
          <volume>21</volume>
          <issue>2</issue>
          <fpage>137</fpage>
          <lpage>155</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1002/ejhf.1369</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>2 Mullens W, Damman K, Harjola VP, Mebazza A, Brunner-La Rocca HP, Martens P, et al. The use of diuretics in heart failure with congestion - a position statement from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur J Heart Fail. 2019;21(2):137-55. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.1369</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B3">
        <label>3</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>DeVore</surname>
              <given-names>AD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Greiner</surname>
              <given-names>MA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Sharma</surname>
              <given-names>PP</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Qualls</surname>
              <given-names>LG</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Schulte</surname>
              <given-names>PJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Cooper</surname>
              <given-names>LB</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Development and validation of a risk model for in-hospital worsening heart failure from the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE)</article-title>
          <source>Am Heart J</source>
          <year>2016</year>
          <volume>178</volume>
          <fpage>198</fpage>
          <lpage>205</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.ahj.2016.04.021</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>3 DeVore AD, Greiner MA, Sharma PP, Qualls LG, Schulte PJ, Cooper LB, et al. Development and validation of a risk model for in-hospital worsening heart failure from the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE). Am Heart J. 2016;178:198-205. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2016.04.021</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B4">
        <label>4</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>DeVore</surname>
              <given-names>AD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Hammill</surname>
              <given-names>BG</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Sharma</surname>
              <given-names>PP</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Qualls</surname>
              <given-names>LG</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mentz</surname>
              <given-names>RJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Johnson</surname>
              <given-names>KW</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>In-hospital worsening heart failure and associations with mortality, readmission, and health care utilization</article-title>
          <source>J Am Heart Assoc</source>
          <year>2014</year>
          <volume>3</volume>
          <issue>4</issue>
          <fpage>1</fpage>
          <lpage>11</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1161/JAHA.114.001088</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>4 DeVore AD, Hammill BG, Sharma PP, Qualls LG, Mentz RJ, Johnson KW, et al. In-hospital worsening heart failure and associations with mortality, readmission, and health care utilization. J Am Heart Assoc. 2014;3(4):1-11. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.114.001088</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B5">
        <label>5</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Torre-Amione</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Milo-Cotter</surname>
              <given-names>O</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kaluski</surname>
              <given-names>E</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Perchenet</surname>
              <given-names>L</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kobrin</surname>
              <given-names>I</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Frey</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Early worsening heart failure in patients admitted for acute heart failure: time course, hemodynamic predictors, and outcome</article-title>
          <source>J Card Fail</source>
          <year>2009</year>
          <volume>15</volume>
          <issue>8</issue>
          <fpage>639</fpage>
          <lpage>644</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.cardfail.2009.04.001</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>5 Torre-Amione G, Milo-Cotter O, Kaluski E, Perchenet L, Kobrin I, Frey A, et al. Early worsening heart failure in patients admitted for acute heart failure: time course, hemodynamic predictors, and outcome. J Card Fail. 2009;15(8):639-44. doi: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2009.04.001</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B6">
        <label>6</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Adams</surname>
              <given-names>KF</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Fonarow</surname>
              <given-names>GC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Emerman</surname>
              <given-names>CL</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Lejemtel</surname>
              <given-names>TH</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Constanzo</surname>
              <given-names>MR</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Abraham</surname>
              <given-names>WT</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized for heart failure in the United States: rationale, design, and preliminary observations from the first 100,000 cases in the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE)</article-title>
          <source>Am Heart J</source>
          <year>2005</year>
          <volume>149</volume>
          <issue>2</issue>
          <fpage>209</fpage>
          <lpage>216</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.ahj.2004.08.005</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>6 Adams KF, Fonarow GC, Emerman CL, Lejemtel TH, Constanzo MR, Abraham WT, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized for heart failure in the United States: rationale, design, and preliminary observations from the first 100,000 cases in the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE). Am Heart J. 2005;149(2):209-16. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2004.08.005</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B7">
        <label>7</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Fonarow</surname>
              <given-names>GC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Adams</surname>
              <given-names>KF</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Abraham</surname>
              <given-names>WT</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Yancy</surname>
              <given-names>CW</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Boscardin</surname>
              <given-names>WJ</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Risk stratification for in-hospital mortality in acutely decompensated heart failure: classification and regression tree analysis</article-title>
          <source>JAMA</source>
          <year>2005</year>
          <volume>293</volume>
          <issue>5</issue>
          <fpage>572</fpage>
          <lpage>580</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1001/jama.293.5.572</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>7 Fonarow GC, Adams KF, Abraham WT, Yancy CW, Boscardin WJ. Risk stratification for in-hospital mortality in acutely decompensated heart failure: classification and regression tree analysis. JAMA 2005;293(5):572-80. doi: 10.1001/jama.293.5.572</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B8">
        <label>8</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Fonarow</surname>
              <given-names>GC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Peacock</surname>
              <given-names>WF</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Phillips</surname>
              <given-names>CO</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Givertz</surname>
              <given-names>MM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Lopatin</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Admission B-type natriuretic peptide levels and in-hospital mortality in acute decompensated heart failure</article-title>
          <source>J Am Coll Cardiol</source>
          <year>2007</year>
          <volume>49</volume>
          <issue>19</issue>
          <fpage>1943</fpage>
          <lpage>1950</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.jacc.2007.02.037</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>8 Fonarow GC, Peacock WF, Phillips CO, Givertz MM, Lopatin M. Admission B-type natriuretic peptide levels and in-hospital mortality in acute decompensated heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49(19):1943-50. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.02.037</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B9">
        <label>9</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Bernardes</surname>
              <given-names>DS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Santos</surname>
              <given-names>MS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mantovani</surname>
              <given-names>VM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Almeida</surname>
              <given-names>OP</given-names>
              <suffix>Neto</suffix>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Goldraich</surname>
              <given-names>LA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Clausell</surname>
              <given-names>N</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Use of the ADHERE risk model as a predictor of risk of in-hospital worsening heart failure</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2023</year>
          <volume>120</volume>
          <issue>8</issue>
          <elocation-id>e20220584</elocation-id>
          <comment>
            <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20220584">https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20220584</ext-link>
          </comment>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>9 Bernardes DS, Santos MS, Mantovani VM, Almeida Neto OP, Goldraich LA, Clausell N, et al. Use of the ADHERE risk model as a predictor of risk of in-hospital worsening heart failure. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2023; 120(8):e20220584. DOI: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20220584">https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20220584</ext-link> </mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B10">
        <label>10</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Januzzi</surname>
              <given-names>JL</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>van Kimmenade</surname>
              <given-names>R</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Lainchbury</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Bayes-Genis</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Ordonez-Llanos</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Santalo-Bek</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>NT-proBNP testing for diagnosis and short-term prognosis in acute destabilized heart failure: an international pooled analysis of 1256 patients</article-title>
          <source>Eur Heart J</source>
          <year>2006</year>
          <volume>27</volume>
          <issue>3</issue>
          <fpage>330</fpage>
          <lpage>337</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/eurheartj/ehi631</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>10 Januzzi JL, van Kimmenade R, Lainchbury J, Bayes-Genis A, Ordonez-Llanos J, Santalo-Bek M, et al. NT-proBNP testing for diagnosis and short-term prognosis in acute destabilized heart failure: an international pooled analysis of 1256 patients. Eur Heart J. 2006;27(3):330-7. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehi631</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S01" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>In-Hospital Worsening Heart Failure: Can We Predict It At Admission?</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-1654-4531</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Villacorta</surname>
            <given-names>Humberto</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>1</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Niter&#243;i</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter&#243;i, RJ &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Mailing Address: Humberto Villacorta &#8226;</bold> Universidade Federal Fluminense &#8211; Cardiologia &#8211; Rua Marqu&#234;s do Paran&#225;, 303. Postal Code <postal-code>24033-900</postal-code>, Niter&#243;i, RJ &#8211; Brazil E-mail: <email>hvillacorta@cardiol.br</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Heart Failure</kwd>
        <kwd>Heart Decompensation</kwd>
        <kwd>Prognosis</kwd>
        <kwd>Risk Factors</kwd>
        <kwd>Patient Admission</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is a risk marker in the patient's heart failure (HF) journey. It may be the initial presentation (de novo HF) or an acute exacerbation of chronic HF.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Most patients with ADHF present to the emergency department (ED) with congestion and usually respond well to treatment with diuretics.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> However, some high-risk patients may have a complicated course during hospitalization, including in-hospital worsening HF (WHF), defined as persistent or worsening signs and symptoms requiring an escalation in therapy.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Identifying such patients is important since they are at greater risk of in-hospital and post-discharge events.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup></p>
      <p>In the early 2000s, ADHF began to attract the attention of many researchers in the field of HF. In that period, a large registry of patients with ADHF &#8211; the ADHERE Registry &#8211; was set up in the United States of America.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> The ADHERE Registry gave enormous contributions to the field of ADHF. They taught us about these patients&#8217; clinical characteristics and outcomes, but more importantly, they created prediction rules for patients admitted with ADHF. They initially reported a regression tree analysis, using three simple variables to predict in-hospital mortality &#8211; blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and systolic blood pressure.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Two years later, they reported the value of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in predicting in-hospital mortality.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> In 2016 they developed and validated a model to predict in-hospital WHF, which included clinical variables (age, heart rate, systolic blood pressure), laboratory tests (BUN, creatinine, serum sodium), biomarkers (BNP and troponin), and the left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Their model had good discrimination, with c-statistics of 0.74 and 0.72 for the derivation and validation cohorts, respectively, as shown in <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figure 1</xref>. Nevertheless, discrimination was modest in the external validation cohort (ASCEND-HF study) (c-statistic 0.63).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup></p>
      <fig id="f2">
        <label>Figure 1</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Summary of the findings of the ADHERE risk model to predict in-hospital WHF in patients admitted with ADHF. The study included 15640 patients in the derivation cohort and 8056 patients in the validation cohort. Nine variables were included in the final model. BP: blood pressure; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; BNP: B-type natriuretic peptide; E<sub>avg:</sub> statistical index that uses the mean as the measure of central tendency for summarizing the absolute differences in between predicted and observed probabilities; WHF: worsening heart failure; LVEF: left ventricle ejection fraction.</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-120-08-e20230525-30525-gf01-en.tif"/></fig>
      <p>In this <italic>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</italic> issue, Bernardes et al. present a study addressing the issue of predicting in-hospital WHF in a Brazilian population.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> They applied the ADHERE risk model to 890 patients admitted for ADHF. In-hospital WHF occurred in 40.8% of the entire population. The ADHERE model identified the majority of patients not at risk for WHF. However, the discrimination was modest compared to the original derivation cohort used in the ADHERE Registry, with an area under the curve of 0.66 and sensitivity and specificity of 66.9% and 55.2%, respectively.</p>
      <p>Differences in the two populations may account for the lower discriminatory power in the Brazilian cohort. The population in Bernardes&#8217; study seems to have more severe HF than the ADHERE population. The rate of WHF was much higher in the Brazilian cohort (40.8% vs 15.4%). Likewise, patients in the Brazilian study had lower blood pressure and lower ejection fraction (half of the patients in the ADHERE registry had LVEF &gt;40%). The article does not show the individual performance of the score components, and I wonder how BNP performed in the present study. Admission BNP has been shown to predict in-hospital mortality, but data on WHF is lacking.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup></p>
      <p>This is the first study to assess the value of a score to predict in-hospital WHF in Brazil, and we congratulate the authors for bringing this up. Despite the above limitations, the ADHERE score may help physicians identify high-risk patients with ADHF in the ED. However, as the authors pointed out in the article, it should not be used as a single tool to predict in-hospital WHF.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other" id="fn2">
          <p>Short Editorial related to the article: Use of the ADHERE Risk Model as a Predictor of Risk of in-Hospital Worsening Heart Failure in a Cohort</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
