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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">zvvYxwv9wQHDtjrXcZhXZvG</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2023000700501</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00501</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20220560</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Carta Cient&#237;fica</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Reabilita&#231;&#227;o Card&#237;aca na Pessoa Transplantada com Distrofia Muscular de Emery-Dreifuss</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-3201-3079</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Loureiro</surname>
            <given-names>Maria</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa</role>
          <role>Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados</role>
          <role>An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados e Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante</role>
          <role>Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8286-9986</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Branco</surname>
            <given-names>Carlos</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados e Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante</role>
          <role>Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-4377-4121</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Duarte</surname>
            <given-names>Jo&#227;o</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa</role>
          <role>Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados</role>
          <role>Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-9459-7685</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Coutinho</surname>
            <given-names>Gon&#231;alo</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados e Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>4</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-1527-9940</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Martins</surname>
            <given-names>Maria Manuela</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados e Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
            <sup>5</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8583-0406</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Novo</surname>
            <given-names>Andr&#233;</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa</role>
          <role>An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados e Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante</role>
          <role>Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
            <sup>6</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Instituto Ci&#234;ncias Biom&#233;dicas Abel Salazar</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Porto</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto Ci&#234;ncias Biom&#233;dicas Abel Salazar, Porto &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Centro Hospitalar e Universit&#225;rio de Coimbra</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Coimbra</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Centro Hospitalar e Universit&#225;rio de Coimbra, Coimbra &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff3">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Cintesis@RISE-NursID</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Porto</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Cintesis@RISE-NursID, Porto &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff4">
        <label>4</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Faculdade de Medicina de Coimbra</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Coimbra</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Faculdade de Medicina de Coimbra, Coimbra &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff5">
        <label>5</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Porto</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto, Porto &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff6">
        <label>6</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Instituto Polit&#233;cnico de Bragan&#231;a</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Bragan&#231;a</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto Polit&#233;cnico de Bragan&#231;a, Bragan&#231;a &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"> Correspond&#234;ncia: Maria Loureiro &#8226; Rua da Fonte Velha, 51. 3040-809, Cernache, Coimbra &#8211; Portugal E-mail: <email>marialoureiro83@gmail.com</email> </corresp>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>Potencial conflito de interesse</p>
          <p>N&#227;o h&#225; conflito com o presente artigo.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>17</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>120</volume>
      <issue>7</issue>
      <elocation-id>e20220560</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>16</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>15</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>05</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2023</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p> This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. </license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <title>Resumo</title>
        <p> A distrofia muscular de Emery-Dreifuss &#233; uma doen&#231;a neuromuscular heredit&#225;ria rara. Suas manifesta&#231;&#245;es come&#231;am principalmente na inf&#226;ncia. As manifesta&#231;&#245;es mais frequentes s&#227;o fraqueza muscular progressiva, atrofia que geralmente se inicia na regi&#227;o esc&#225;pulo-vertebral, estendendo-se posteriormente para a cintura p&#233;lvica e rigidez da coluna vertebral. Os pacientes tamb&#233;m podem manifestar envolvimento card&#237;aco como palpita&#231;&#245;es, s&#237;ncope, intoler&#226;ncia ao exerc&#237;cio, insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca congestiva e dist&#250;rbios vari&#225;veis do ritmo card&#237;aco. <sup><xref rid="B1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref> - <xref rid="B3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref> </sup> A presen&#231;a e a gravidade dessas manifesta&#231;&#245;es podem variar de acordo com o indiv&#237;duo e os subtipos da doen&#231;a. <xref rid="B2" ref-type="bibr"><sup>2</sup></xref> O envolvimento card&#237;aco &#233; a caracter&#237;stica mais preocupante desta doen&#231;a, havendo alguns relatos da necessidade de transplante card&#237;aco nesta distrofia. <xref rid="B4" ref-type="bibr"><sup>4</sup></xref> </p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Transplante Card&#237;aco</kwd>
        <kwd>Distrofia Muscular de Emery-Dreifuss</kwd>
        <kwd>Reabilita&#231;&#227;o Card&#237;aca</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="6"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="13"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec sec-type="intro">
      <title>Introdu&#231;&#227;o</title>
      <p>Um programa de reabilita&#231;&#227;o para incapacidade funcional por distrofia tem sido considerado uma op&#231;&#227;o terap&#234;utica.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref> - <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref> </sup> No caso da pessoa com transplante card&#237;aco (TC), recomenda-se a reabilita&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca (RC), centrada na componente de exerc&#237;cio f&#237;sico. Um programa de RC ap&#243;s TC pode retardar complica&#231;&#245;es, manter a capacidade funcional e melhorar a qualidade de vida, o que &#233; vital nesses pacientes.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref> </sup> As recomenda&#231;&#245;es atuais mostram que a RC reduz a mortalidade cardiovascular e as hospitaliza&#231;&#245;es, melhorando a capacidade funcional e a qualidade de vida percebida.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Os programas de RC s&#227;o geralmente divididos em tr&#234;s fases. Fase I, que ocorre durante o per&#237;odo de interna&#231;&#227;o e consiste, progressivamente, em exerc&#237;cios respirat&#243;rios, mobiliza&#231;&#245;es polissegmentais, deambula&#231;&#227;o, autonomia nas atividades de vida di&#225;ria e in&#237;cio do programa educativo adequado (informa&#231;&#227;o/ensino sobre a doen&#231;a, tratamento/medica&#231;&#227;o, alimenta&#231;&#227;o, exerc&#237;cio f&#237;sico e controle de fatores de risco cardiovascular). A fase II ocorre ap&#243;s a alta, em ambiente ambulatorial, onde a pessoa frequenta um programa de exerc&#237;cios personalizado e supervisionado dando continuidade ao programa educacional iniciado anteriormente. A fase III &#233; chamada de manuten&#231;&#227;o, na qual o objetivo principal &#233; acompanhar e monitorar a pessoa, conduzindo-a a um estilo de vida mais saud&#225;vel e &#224; ades&#227;o e manejo adequados do regime terap&#234;utico.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Os autores descrevem o caso de um homem de 32 anos com insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca (IC) avan&#231;ada secund&#225;ria a distrofia muscular de Emery-Dreifuss (EDMD) que foi submetido &#224; TC e foi inclu&#237;do em um programa de RC.</p>
      <sec sec-type="cases">
        <title>Caso Cl&#237;nico</title>
        <p>Homem de 32 anos diagnosticado com EDMD aos 12 anos de idade. Era portador heterozigoto da variante LMNA c.136A&gt;G p.(Ile46Val), apresentando algum fen&#243;tipo caracter&#237;stico dessa variante do gene: fraqueza muscular, contraturas e comprometimento card&#237;aco. Ele foi submetido a uma cirurgia no tend&#227;o de Aquiles e na articula&#231;&#227;o do cotovelo aos 15 anos por causa da atrofia muscular nos membros superiores e inferiores, com diminui&#231;&#227;o da amplitude de movimento articular.</p>
        <p>Em 2018 foi identificado acometimento card&#237;aco decorrente da distrofia, com flutter atrial e trombo no ap&#234;ndice atrial esquerdo, tendo feito implante de CRT-D e desde ent&#227;o hipocoagulado com varfarina. Nega hist&#243;ria familiar de doen&#231;as cardiovasculares relevantes ou morte s&#250;bita, tem tabagismo ativo como fator de risco cardiovascular associado e IMC normal &#8211; 20,1.</p>
        <p>At&#233; 2020, o paciente foi internado v&#225;rias vezes com IC, desenvolvendo cardiomiopatia dilatada n&#227;o isqu&#234;mica (classe IV-NYHA) que n&#227;o respondeu &#224; terapia padr&#227;o para IC. Antes do transplante, apresentava perda funcional cont&#237;nua associada &#224; intoler&#226;ncia &#224; atividade, tendo abandonado o exerc&#237;cio f&#237;sico e as competi&#231;&#245;es federadas de t&#234;nis de mesa desde 2018. O paciente foi transferido para nosso centro de TC ortot&#243;pico (INTERMACS 4), com menos de 24 horas entre o encaminhamento e transplante. Quando ele veio, seu n&#237;vel de creatina quinase (CK) estava elevado (950 UI/l), e um estudo neurol&#243;gico identificou hiporreflexia miot&#225;tica, atrofia moderada, leve fraqueza muscular de membros superiores, extens&#227;o do antebra&#231;o limitada a +120/130&#176;, contraturas do tend&#227;o de Aquiles com limita&#231;&#227;o da flex&#227;o dos p&#233;s e mobilidade da coluna vertebral preservada.</p>
        <p>Segundo ele, nunca havia sofrido nenhuma interven&#231;&#227;o de reabilita&#231;&#227;o, por isso foi integrado ao programa de RC p&#243;s-transplante ( <xref ref-type="table" rid="t1">Tabela 1</xref> ). Para definir o programa de RC, foram consideradas as limita&#231;&#245;es da distrofia e o fen&#243;tipo al&#233;m das condi&#231;&#245;es p&#243;s-transplante. Apenas as limita&#231;&#245;es articulares foram condicionantes ao longo dos meses de interven&#231;&#227;o, n&#227;o havendo eventos adversos associados.</p>
        <p>
          <table-wrap id="t1">
            <label>Tabela 1</label>
            <caption>
              <title>&#8211; Plano Individualizado de Reabilita&#231;&#227;o Card&#237;aca - 3 fases</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <colgroup>
                <col/>
                <col/>
                <col/>
              </colgroup>
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th align="left">Fase I Hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o (11 dias)</th>
                  <th align="left">Fase II (At&#233; 2 meses)</th>
                  <th align="left">Fase III (6 meses)</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" valign="top">
                    <list list-type="simple">
                      <list-item>
                        <p>
                          <bold>&#8211; Exerc&#237;cios de respira&#231;&#227;o</bold>
                        </p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>&#8211; Treino de For&#231;a - 0,5-1kg</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>&#8211; Treino aer&#243;bico (esteira, caminhada, bicicleta estacion&#225;ria)</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>&#8211; Alongamentos (limitado &#224;s amplitudes articulares)</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>
                          <bold>15-30 minutos duas vezes ao dia/p&#243;s-extuba&#231;&#227;o (PO1)</bold>
                        </p>
                      </list-item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                  <td align="left" valign="top">
                    <list list-type="simple">
                      <list-item>
                        <p>&#8211; Exerc&#237;cios de respira&#231;&#227;o aquecimentos/alongamentos</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>&#8211; Treinamento aer&#243;bico- (escadas, caminhada, bicicleta ergom&#233;trica)</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>&#8211; Treinamento de for&#231;a -1,5-2kg (limita&#231;&#245;es de esternotomia)</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>
                          <bold>180 minutos/semana</bold>
                        </p>
                      </list-item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                  <td align="left" valign="top">
                    <list list-type="simple">
                      <list-item>
                        <p>&#8211; Treino aer&#243;bico - (escadas, caminhada, bicicleta estacion&#225;ria)</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>&#8211; Treinamento de for&#231;a - 3-5kg- 30 minutos- 3 vezes/semana</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>&#8211; Treino de t&#234;nis de mesa &#8211; 60 minutos,2 vezes/semana</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>
                          <bold>210 minutos/semana</bold>
                        </p>
                      </list-item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <list list-type="simple">
                      <list-item>
                        <p>Instru&#237;do sobre sinais e sintomas de alarme (FC m&#225;xima n&#227;o superior a 20bpm da FC inicial, Borg modificado &#8804;5, tontura, dor no peito, sudorese moderada).</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>Ensino sobre estilos de vida saud&#225;veis (dieta, medica&#231;&#227;o, fatores de risco cardiovascular).</p>
                      </list-item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                  <td>
                    <list list-type="simple">
                      <list-item>
                        <p>Instru&#231;&#227;o sobre sinais e sintomas de alarme.</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>Ensino sobre estilos de vida saud&#225;veis.</p>
                      </list-item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                  <td>Continuidade do estilo de vida saud&#225;vel e cumprimento das orienta&#231;&#245;es de sa&#250;de monitoradas.</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
            <table-wrap-foot>
              <fn id="TFN1">
                <p>FC: frequ&#234;ncia card&#237;aca.</p>
              </fn>
            </table-wrap-foot>
          </table-wrap>
        </p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="discussion">
      <title>Discuss&#227;o</title>
      <p>S&#227;o apresentados os dom&#237;nios avaliados durante o programa de RC e suas implica&#231;&#245;es ( <xref ref-type="table" rid="t2">Tabela 2</xref> ). Com rela&#231;&#227;o ao uso de exerc&#237;cios respirat&#243;rios, foi poss&#237;vel mensurar o aumento do volume de reserva inspirat&#243;ria ao longo da interven&#231;&#227;o. Embora ainda n&#227;o tenha atingido valores considerados para a popula&#231;&#227;o portuguesa saud&#225;vel, pode-se inferir que houve melhora clinicamente significativa da capacidade funcional por meio da avalia&#231;&#227;o do teste de caminhada de 6 minutos. Em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; for&#231;a, e apesar de se tratar de uma pessoa com d&#233;ficit na amplitude de movimento articular, foi poss&#237;vel o aumento da for&#231;a medida pela dinamometria. Todos esses ganhos promoveram uma melhora na capacidade de autocuidado e no desenvolvimento das atividades di&#225;rias, o que influencia na qualidade de vida percebida ( <xref ref-type="table" rid="t3">Tabela 3</xref> ).</p>
      <p>
        <table-wrap id="t2">
          <label>Tabela 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>&#8211; Resultados monitorados ao longo das 3 fases do programa de reabilita&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col/>
              <col/>
              <col/>
              <col/>
              <col/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left" colspan="2" scope="col">Resultados</th>
                <th scope="col">Fase I</th>
                <th scope="col">Fase II</th>
                <th scope="col">Fase III</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" colspan="2">
                  <bold>Inspirometro de incentivo volum&#233;trico (max.4000ml)</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">1900ml</td>
                <td align="center">2900ml</td>
                <td align="center">3200ml</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" rowspan="3">
                  <bold>Teste de caminhada de 6 minutos</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="left">
                  <list list-type="simple">
                    <list-item>
                      <p>
                        <bold>Esperado</bold>
                      </p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>Equa&#231;&#227;o de Enright e Sherril</p>
                    </list-item>
                  </list>
                </td>
                <td align="center">718</td>
                <td align="center">714,48</td>
                <td align="center">710,08</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left" colspan="4" rowspan="1">
                  <hr/>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>
                  <bold>Alcan&#231;ado</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
                  <bold>310</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
                  <bold>400</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
                  <bold>510</bold>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td colspan="2">
                  <bold>Dinam&#244;metro Dinam&#244;metro aneroide-M&#227;o dominante (Kgf)</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">15</td>
                <td align="center">23</td>
                <td align="center">40</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td colspan="2">
                  <bold>Fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o (ecocardiograma transtor&#225;cico)</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">70%</td>
                <td align="center">67%</td>
                <td align="center">65%</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
        </table-wrap>
      </p>
      <p>
        <table-wrap id="t3">
          <label>Tabela 3</label>
          <caption>
            <title>&#8211; Avalia&#231;&#227;o da Qualidade de Vida (EuroQol 5D5L)</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col/>
              <col/>
              <col/>
              <col/>
              <col/>
              <col/>
              <col/>
              <col/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th>Est&#225;gio</th>
                <th>Mobilidade</th>
                <th>Autocuidados</th>
                <th>Atividade</th>
                <th>Dor/Desconforto</th>
                <th>Ansiedade depress&#227;o</th>
                <th>EQ-5D-5L C&#243;digo</th>
                <th>&#205;ndice EQ-5D-5L</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="center">I</td>
                <td align="center">3</td>
                <td align="center">3</td>
                <td align="center">4</td>
                <td align="center">4</td>
                <td align="center">4</td>
                <td align="center">33444</td>
                <td align="center">0,133</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="center">II</td>
                <td align="center">2</td>
                <td align="center">2</td>
                <td align="center">2</td>
                <td align="center">2</td>
                <td align="center">3</td>
                <td align="center">22223</td>
                <td align="center">0,587</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="center">III</td>
                <td align="center">2</td>
                <td align="center">1</td>
                <td align="center">1</td>
                <td align="center">1</td>
                <td align="center">4</td>
                <td align="center">21114</td>
                <td align="center">0,644</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
        </table-wrap>
      </p>
      <p>Assim, a qualidade de vida melhorou, com evolu&#231;&#227;o mais significativa nos itens Autocuidado, Atividade e Dor/Desconforto. De referir que o dom&#237;nio Ansiedade/Depress&#227;o volta a agravar-se na fase 3 (com menor seguimento).</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="conclusions">
      <title>Conclus&#227;o</title>
      <p>Este relat&#243;rio aponta para a import&#226;ncia da integra&#231;&#227;o dos pacientes transplantados card&#237;acos no programa de RC. Mesmo com limita&#231;&#245;es pr&#233;vias, &#233; poss&#237;vel melhorar a capacidade funcional, volume de reserva inspirat&#243;ria, for&#231;a e qualidade de vida em pacientes com EDMD.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
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    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>Vincula&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica</p>
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      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>Aprova&#231;&#227;o &#233;tica e consentimento informado</p>
        <p>Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comit&#234; de &#201;tica do Centro Hospitalar e Universit&#225;rio de Coimbra sob o n&#250;mero de protocolo OBS.SF.111/2021. Todos os procedimentos envolvidos nesse estudo est&#227;o de acordo com a Declara&#231;&#227;o de Helsinki de 1975, atualizada em 2013. O consentimento informado foi obtido de todos os participantes inclu&#237;dos no estudo.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="supported-by">
        <p>Fontes de financiamento: O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Letter</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Cardiac Rehabilitation in a Transplanted Person with Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-3201-3079</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Loureiro</surname>
            <given-names>Maria</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Conception and design of the research</role>
          <role>Acquisition of data</role>
          <role>Analysis and interpretation of the data and Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content</role>
          <role>Writing of the manuscript</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3001">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8286-9986</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Branco</surname>
            <given-names>Carlos</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Analysis and interpretation of the data and Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content</role>
          <role>Writing of the manuscript</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-4377-4121</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Duarte</surname>
            <given-names>Jo&#227;o</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Conception and design of the research</role>
          <role>Acquisition of data</role>
          <role>Writing of the manuscript</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-9459-7685</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Coutinho</surname>
            <given-names>Gon&#231;alo</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Analysis and interpretation of the data and Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4001">
            <sup>4</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-1527-9940</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Martins</surname>
            <given-names>Maria Manuela</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Analysis and interpretation of the data and Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3001">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5001">
            <sup>5</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8583-0406</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Novo</surname>
            <given-names>Andr&#233;</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Conception and design of the research</role>
          <role>Analysis and interpretation of the data and Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content</role>
          <role>Writing of the manuscript</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3001">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6001">
            <sup>6</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1001">
        <label>1</label>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto Ci&#234;ncias Biom&#233;dicas Abel Salazar, Porto &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2001">
        <label>2</label>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Centro Hospitalar e Universit&#225;rio de Coimbra, Coimbra &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff3001">
        <label>3</label>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Cintesis@RISE-NursID, Porto &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff4001">
        <label>4</label>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Faculdade de Medicina de Coimbra, Coimbra &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff5001">
        <label>5</label>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto, Porto &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff6001">
        <label>6</label>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto Polit&#233;cnico de Bragan&#231;a, Bragan&#231;a &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01001">Mailing Address: Maria Loureiro &#8226; Rua da Fonte Velha, 51. 3040-809, Cernache, Coimbra &#8211; Portugal E-mail: marialoureiro83@gmail.com</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>Potential conflict of interest</p>
          <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <abstract>
        <title>Abstract</title>
        <p>Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy is a rare hereditary neuromuscular disease. Its manifestations begin primarily in childhood. The most frequent manifestations are progressive muscle weakness, atrophy that usually begins in the scapula-vertebral region, extending later to the pelvic girdle, and spinal stiffness. Patients can also manifest cardiac involvement as palpitations, syncope, exercise intolerance, congestive heart failure, and variable heart rhythm disturbances.<sup><xref rid="B1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref> - <xref rid="B3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref> </sup>The presence and severity of these manifestations can vary according to the individual and the disease&#8217;s subtypes. <xref rid="B2" ref-type="bibr"><sup>2</sup></xref> Cardiac involvement is the most worrisome feature of this disease, and there are some reports of the need for heart transplantation in this dystrophy. <xref rid="B4" ref-type="bibr"><sup>4</sup></xref> </p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Heart Transplant</kwd>
        <kwd>Emery-Dreifuss Muscular Dystrophy</kwd>
        <kwd>Cardiac Rehabilitation</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec sec-type="intro">
        <title>Introduction</title>
        <p>A rehabilitation program for functional disability due to dystrophy has been considered a therapeutic option.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref> - <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref> </sup>In the case of the heart-transplanted person, cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is recommended, focusing on the physical exercise component. A CR program after heart transplantation (HT) can delay complications, maintain functional capacity, and improve quality of life, which is vital in these patients.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref> </sup>Current recommendations show that CR reduces cardiovascular mortality and hospitalizations, improving functional capacity and perceived quality of life.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup></p>
        <p>CR programs are usually divided into three phases. Phase I, which occurs during the hospitalization period and consists, progressively, of respiratory exercises, polyssegmental mobilizations, walking, autonomy in daily life activities, and the beginning of the appropriate educational program (information/teaching about the disease, treatment/medication, diet, physical exercise, and control of cardiovascular risk factors). Phase II occurs after discharge, in an outpatient setting, where the person attends a personalized and supervised exercise program continuing the educational program previously started. Phase III is called maintenance, in which the main objective is to follow and monitor the person, leading him/her towards a healthier lifestyle and adequate adherence to and management of the therapeutic regimen.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref></sup></p>
        <p>The authors describe the case of a 32-year-old man with advanced end-stage heart failure (HF) secondary to Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) who underwent HT and was included in a CR program.</p>
        <sec>
          <title>Clinical case</title>
          <p>32-year-old male diagnosed with EDMD at the age of 12 years. He was a heterozygous carrier of the variant LMNA c.136A&gt;G p.(Ile46Val), presenting some characteristic phenotype of this gene variant: muscle weakness, contractures, and cardiac impairment. He underwent surgery on his Achilles tendon and elbow joint at age 15 because of muscle atrophy in the upper and lower limbs, with decreased joint range of motion.</p>
          <p>In 2018 cardiac involvement arising from the dystrophy was identified, with atrial flutter and thrombus in the left atrial appendage, having undergone CRT-D implantation and since hypo coagulated with warfarin. He denies a family history of relevant cardiovascular diseases or sudden death, has active smoking as an associated cardiovascular risk factor, and has a normal BMI &#8211; of 20.1.</p>
          <p>Up to 2020, the patient was hospitalized several times for HF, developing non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (class IV-NYHA) that did not respond to the standard HF therapy. Before the transplant, he had continued functional loss associated with activity intolerance, having given up physical exercise and federated table tennis competitions since 2018. The patient was transferred to our center for orthotopic HT (INTERMACS 4), with less than 24 hours between referral and transplantation. When he came, his creatine kinase (CK) level was elevated (950 UI/l), and a neurological study identified myotatic hyporeflexia, moderate atrophy, mild upper limb muscle weakness, forearm extension limited to +120/130&#176;, Achilles tendon contractures with limitation of feet flexion and preserved spinal column mobility.</p>
          <p>According to him, he had never undergone any rehabilitation intervention, so he was integrated into the post-transplant CR program ( <xref ref-type="table" rid="t1001">Table 1</xref> ). To define the cardiac rehabilitation program, dystrophy limitations, and phenotype were considered beyond post-transplant conditions. Only the joint limitations were conditioning factors throughout the months of intervention, and there were no associated adverse events.</p>
          <p>
            <table-wrap id="t1001">
              <label>Table 1</label>
              <caption>
                <title>&#8211; Individualized Cardiac Rehabilitation Plan - 3 phases</title>
              </caption>
              <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
                <colgroup>
                  <col/>
                  <col/>
                  <col/>
                </colgroup>
                <thead>
                  <tr>
                    <th align="left">Phase I Hospitalization (11 days)</th>
                    <th align="left">Phase II (Up to 2 months)</th>
                    <th align="left">Phase III (6 months)</th>
                  </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                  <tr>
                    <td>
                      <list list-type="simple">
                        <list-item>
                          <p>
                            <bold>&#8211; Breathing exercises</bold>
                          </p>
                        </list-item>
                        <list-item>
                          <p>&#8211; Strength Training - 0,5-1kg</p>
                        </list-item>
                        <list-item>
                          <p>&#8211; Aerobic training (treadmill, walking, stationary bike)</p>
                        </list-item>
                        <list-item>
                          <p>&#8211; Alongamentos (limitado &#224;s amplitudes articulares)</p>
                        </list-item>
                        <list-item>
                          <p>
                            <bold>15-30 minutes twice a day/post-extubation (PO1)</bold>
                          </p>
                        </list-item>
                      </list>
                    </td>
                    <td>
                      <list list-type="simple">
                        <list-item>
                          <p>&#8211; Breathing exercises Warm-ups/stretches</p>
                        </list-item>
                        <list-item>
                          <p>&#8211; Aerobic training- (stairs, walking, stationary bike)</p>
                        </list-item>
                        <list-item>
                          <p>&#8211; Strength training -1.5-2kg (sternotomy limitations)</p>
                        </list-item>
                        <list-item>
                          <p>
                            <bold>180minutes/week</bold>
                          </p>
                        </list-item>
                      </list>
                    </td>
                    <td>
                      <list list-type="simple">
                        <list-item>
                          <p>&#8211; Aerobic training - (stairs, walking, stationary bike)</p>
                        </list-item>
                        <list-item>
                          <p>&#8211; Strength training - 3-5kg- 30 minutes- 3 times/week</p>
                        </list-item>
                        <list-item>
                          <p>&#8211; Table tennis training &#8211; 60 minutes, 2 times/week</p>
                        </list-item>
                        <list-item>
                          <p>
                            <bold>210 minutes/week</bold>
                          </p>
                        </list-item>
                      </list>
                    </td>
                  </tr>
                  <tr>
                    <td>Instructed on alarm signs and symptoms (maximum HR not to be more than 20bpm of initial HR, modified Borg &#8804;5, dizziness, chest pain, moderate sweating). Teaching about healthy lifestyles (diet, medication, cardiovascular risk factors).</td>
                    <td>Instruction about alarm signs and symptoms. Teaching about healthy lifestyles.</td>
                    <td>Continuity of healthy lifestyle and compliance with health guidelines monitored.</td>
                  </tr>
                </tbody>
              </table>
              <table-wrap-foot>
                <fn id="TFN1001">
                  <p>HR: heart rate.</p>
                </fn>
              </table-wrap-foot>
            </table-wrap>
          </p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="discussion">
        <title>Discussion</title>
        <p>The domains evaluated during the CR program and the implications are presented ( <xref ref-type="table" rid="t2001">Table 2</xref> ). Regarding the use of breathing exercises, measuring an increase in the inspiratory reserve volume throughout the intervention was possible. Although it still did not reach values considered for the healthy Portuguese population, it can be inferred that there was a clinically significant improvement in functional capacity by assessing the 6-minute walk test. Regarding strength, and despite dealing with a person with a deficit in joint range of motion, an increase in strength was possible, as measured by dynamometry. All these gains promoted an improvement in self-care capacity and the development of daily activities, which influences the perceived quality of life ( <xref ref-type="table" rid="t3001">Table 3</xref> )</p>
        <p>
          <table-wrap id="t2001">
            <label>Table 2</label>
            <caption>
              <title>&#8211; Results monitored throughout the 3 phases of the cardiac rehabilitation program</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <colgroup>
                <col/>
                <col/>
                <col/>
                <col/>
                <col/>
              </colgroup>
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th align="left" colspan="2" scope="col">Results</th>
                  <th scope="col">Phase I</th>
                  <th scope="col">Phase II</th>
                  <th scope="col">Phase III</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" colspan="2">
                    <bold>Volumetric incentive inspirometer (max.4000ml)</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">1900ml</td>
                  <td align="center">2900ml</td>
                  <td align="center">3200ml</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" rowspan="3">6-minute walk test</td>
                  <td align="left">
                    <list list-type="simple">
                      <list-item>
                        <p>
                          <bold>Expected</bold>
                        </p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>Enright &amp; Sherril&#8217;s equation</p>
                      </list-item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">718</td>
                  <td align="center">714.48</td>
                  <td align="center">710.08</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left" colspan="4" rowspan="1">
                    <hr/>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>
                    <bold>Reached</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">
                    <bold>310</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">
                    <bold>400</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">
                    <bold>510</bold>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="2">
                    <bold>Dynamometer aneroid dynamometer-Dominant hand (Kgf)</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">15</td>
                  <td align="center">23</td>
                  <td align="center">40</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td colspan="2">
                    <bold>Ejection fraction (transthoracic echocardiogram)</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">70%</td>
                  <td align="center">67%</td>
                  <td align="center">65%</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </table-wrap>
        </p>
        <p>
          <table-wrap id="t3001">
            <label>Table 3</label>
            <caption>
              <title>&#8211; Quality of Life Assessment (EuroQol 5D5L)</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <colgroup>
                <col/>
                <col/>
                <col/>
                <col/>
                <col/>
                <col/>
                <col/>
                <col/>
              </colgroup>
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th>Phase</th>
                  <th>Mobility</th>
                  <th>Self-care</th>
                  <th>Activity</th>
                  <th>Pain/Discomfort</th>
                  <th>Anxiety/Depression</th>
                  <th>EQ-5D-5L Code</th>
                  <th>EQ-5D-5L Index</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td align="center">I</td>
                  <td align="center">3</td>
                  <td align="center">3</td>
                  <td align="center">4</td>
                  <td align="center">4</td>
                  <td align="center">4</td>
                  <td align="center">33444</td>
                  <td align="center">0.133</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="center">II</td>
                  <td align="center">2</td>
                  <td align="center">2</td>
                  <td align="center">2</td>
                  <td align="center">2</td>
                  <td align="center">3</td>
                  <td align="center">22223</td>
                  <td align="center">0.587</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="center">III</td>
                  <td align="center">2</td>
                  <td align="center">1</td>
                  <td align="center">1</td>
                  <td align="center">1</td>
                  <td align="center">4</td>
                  <td align="center">21114</td>
                  <td align="center">0.644</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </table-wrap>
        </p>
        <p>Thus, quality of life was improved, with the most significant evolution in the items Self-Care, Activity, and Pain/Discomfort. It should be noted that the Anxiety/Depression domain worsens again in phase 3 (with less follow-up).</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="conclusions">
        <title>Conclusion</title>
        <p>This report points to the importance of integrating heart transplant patients into CR program. Even with previous limitations, improving functional capacity, inspiratory reserve volume, strength, and quality of life is possible in patients with EDMD.</p>
      </sec>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>Study association</p>
          <p>This article is part of the thesis of doctoral submitted by Maria Loureiro, from Instituto Ci&#234;ncias Biom&#233;dicas Abel Salazar.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>Ethics approval and consent to participate</p>
          <p>This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Centro Hospitalar e Universit&#225;rio de Coimbra under the protocol number OBS.SF.111/2021. All the procedures in this study were in accordance with the 1975 Helsinki Declaration, updated in 2013. Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="supported-by">
          <p>Sources of funding: There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
