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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">MJ8ZhktSHjpNhXPD7S9RSYN</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2023000500102</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00102</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20230281</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Telecardiologia e Seu Potencial em &#193;reas Remotas</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8436-3778</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Farah</surname>
            <given-names>Simone</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina de Petr&#243;polis</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">UNIFASE</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Rio de Janeiro</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original"> Faculdade de Medicina de Petr&#243;polis &#8211; UNIFASE, Rio de Janeiro, RJ &#8211; Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Simone Farah</bold>. Faculdade de Medicina de Petr&#243;polis / UNIFASE - Av. Bar&#227;o do Rio Branco, 1003. CEP 25680-120, Centro, Petr&#243;polis, RJ - Brasil. E-mail: <email>simone.farah@prof.unifase-rj.edu.br</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>26</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>120</volume>
      <issue>5</issue>
      <elocation-id>e20230281</elocation-id>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p> This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. </license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Telemedicina</kwd>
        <kwd>Telecardiologia</kwd>
        <kwd>Teleconsulta</kwd>
        <kwd>Doen&#231;as Cardiovasculares</kwd>
        <kwd>&#193;reas Remotas</kwd>
        <kwd>Preven&#231;&#227;o de Doen&#231;as</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="8"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>Muitas foram as mudan&#231;as ocorridas nos &#250;ltimos anos no campo da Telemedicina, no Brasil e no mundo, para o enfrentamento da pandemia da COVID-19. Avan&#231;amos no entendimento da relev&#226;ncia e do impacto da telemedicina e sua aplica&#231;&#227;o nos cuidados em sa&#250;de, principalmente na preven&#231;&#227;o e promo&#231;&#227;o da sa&#250;de. E para acompanhar todas essas transforma&#231;&#245;es foi necess&#225;rio tamb&#233;m avan&#231;armos do ponto de vista legal. No per&#237;odo da pandemia a Lei No. 13.989 de 15 de abril de 2020<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> permitiu o atendimento direto ao paciente atrav&#233;s da teleconsulta, algo que at&#233; ent&#227;o n&#227;o era permitido no Brasil. Atualmente temos em vig&#234;ncia a Resolu&#231;&#227;o de Telemedicina do Conselho Federal de Medicina No. 2.314 de 05 de maio de 2022<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> e a Lei No. 14.510, conhecida como a Lei da Telessa&#250;de, de 27 de dezembro de 2022<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup>que permite a teleconsulta em todo o territ&#243;rio nacional. Isso permitiu que &#225;reas antes desprovidas de atendimento especializado pudessem ter acesso ao especialista em termo real (s&#237;ncrono) para atendimento em diversas especialidades.</p>
    <p>A teleconsulta m&#233;dica, definida pela consulta n&#227;o presencial, mediada por Tecnologias Digitais de Informa&#231;&#227;o e Comunica&#231;&#227;o (TDIC), com m&#233;dico e paciente localizados em diferentes espa&#231;os,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> &#233; uma das modalidades de atendimento por telemedicina. Na cardiologia, essa modalidade se faz ainda mais importante uma vez que as doen&#231;as cardiovasculares (DCV) s&#227;o a maior causa de morbimortalidade no Brasil e no mundo, com crescente import&#226;ncia &#224; medida que ocorre o envelhecimento populacional, impactando em custos para os sistema de sa&#250;de.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> E em um pa&#237;s da dimens&#227;o territorial do Brasil, a presen&#231;a do especialista em todos os locais se torna muito dif&#237;cil, al&#233;m de demandar muito tempo e alto custo para viabiliza-lo em todos os pontos de atendimento prim&#225;rio ou secund&#225;rio.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Nesse contexto, a preven&#231;&#227;o e o diagn&#243;stico precoce dos fatores de risco t&#234;m um papel crucial para reduzir a incid&#234;ncias das DVC.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> E a telecardiologia na modalidade teleconsulta em &#225;reas desprovidas de acesso ao especialista tem o potencial de otimizar a identifica&#231;&#227;o dos pacientes com maior risco para as DCV.</p>
    <p>Accorsi et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> no artigo publicado nos Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, analisaram os dados de teleconsultas cardiol&#243;gicas realizadas em pacientes moradores de cidades remotas na regi&#227;o Norte do Brasil. Segundo o &#250;ltimo Censo do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat&#237;stica, a Regi&#227;o Norte do Brasil tem mais de 12.500.000 habitantes, sendo que pelo menos 20% vivem em &#225;reas remotas, distantes dos centros urbanos ou distantes de locais habitados, e de dif&#237;cil acesso.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> A Regi&#227;o Norte tem a menor densidade de servi&#231;os m&#233;dicos do pa&#237;s, com uma m&#233;dia de um m&#233;dico por mil habitantes, mas chegando a 0,2 por mil habitantes em &#225;reas remotas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup></p>
    <p>O estudo<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> envolveu o centro de telemedicina do Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein tendo sido refer&#234;ncia para 104 centros de atendimento presencial na Regi&#227;o Norte do Brasil relacionados ao programa de assist&#234;ncia m&#233;dica especializada do Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Institucional do Sistema &#218;nico de Sa&#250;de (PROADI) do Minist&#233;rio da Sa&#250;de. Os pacientes foram previamente avaliados por m&#233;dicos generalistas da comunidade que solicitaram consulta especializada em cardiologia. Todas as avalia&#231;&#245;es remotas deste programa inclu&#237;ram o paciente ao lado do cl&#237;nico geral da unidade de sa&#250;de com o cardiologista do centro de telemedicina em tempo real (s&#237;ncrono). Dentre os par&#226;metros analisados pelos autores ressaltam-se, o motivo do encaminhamento, hist&#243;rico cl&#237;nico e exame f&#237;sico e avalia&#231;&#227;o p&#243;s telemedicina quanto a exames, medicamentos, diagn&#243;stico e prescri&#231;&#245;es. No per&#237;odo de 17/02/2020 a 04/10/2021, 653 pacientes foram agendados, com taxa de comparecimento &#224;s consultas de 85,7%.</p>
    <p>Pontos a serem destacados na teleconsulta cardiol&#243;gica:</p>
    <list list-type="bullet">
      <list-item>
        <p>Principais sintomas que motivaram o encaminhamento: dor tor&#225;cica, dispneia, palpita&#231;&#227;o e sincope.</p>
      </list-item>
      <list-item>
        <p>Em apenas 26,1% havia a suspeita de cardiopatia isqu&#234;mica</p>
      </list-item>
      <list-item>
        <p>Principais fatores de risco identificados: hipertens&#227;o arterial, dislipidemia, tabagismo, sedentarismo e diabetes mellitus.</p>
      </list-item>
      <list-item>
        <p>A maioria dos pacientes teve exame f&#237;sico e eletrocardiograma normal.</p>
      </list-item>
      <list-item>
        <p>Todas as prescri&#231;&#245;es de medicamentos foram alteradas em alguma medida.</p>
      </list-item>
      <list-item>
        <p>Pouca necessidade de solicita&#231;&#227;o de exames complementares, com muito poucos pacientes indicados para interven&#231;&#227;o.</p>
      </list-item>
      <list-item>
        <p>Muitos pacientes precisaram de acompanhantes para entender as explica&#231;&#245;es b&#225;sicas do tratamento.</p>
      </list-item>
    </list>
    <p>Esse foi o primeiro estudo a analisar as caracter&#237;sticas e a gest&#227;o de consultas cardiol&#243;gicas por telemedicina sob demanda para popula&#231;&#245;es de baixa renda em &#225;reas remotas do Brasil, demostrando o potencial da teleconsulta cardiol&#243;gica para otimizar o encaminhamento ao especialista em &#225;reas remotas e de dif&#237;cil acesso na Regi&#227;o Norte e a oportunidade de otimizar o tratamento m&#233;dico de diversas cardiopatias.</p>
  </body>
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    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Caracter&#237;sticas Cl&#237;nicas e Manejo de Pacientes Avaliados por Teleconsulta Cardiol&#243;gica na Regi&#227;o Brasileira com Maior N&#250;mero de Cidades Isoladas</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Telecardiology and its Potential in Remote Areas</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8436-3778</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Farah</surname>
            <given-names>Simone</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1001">
        <label>1</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Faculdade de Medicina de Petr&#243;polis &#8211; UNIFASE, Rio de Janeiro, RJ &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01001"><bold>Mailing Address: Simone Farah</bold> &#8226; Faculdade de Medicina de Petr&#243;polis / UNIFASE - Av. Bar&#227;o do Rio Branco, 1003. Postal Code 25680-120, Centro, Petr&#243;polis, RJ - Brazil. E-mail: simone.farah@prof.unifase-rj.edu.br </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Telemedicine</kwd>
        <kwd>Telecardiology</kwd>
        <kwd>Teleconsultation</kwd>
        <kwd>Cardiovascular Diseases</kwd>
        <kwd>Remote Areas</kwd>
        <kwd>Disease Prevention</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Many have been changes that have taken place in recent years in the field of Telemedicine, in Brazil and in the world, to face the COVID-19 pandemic. We made progress in understanding the relevance and impact of Telemedicine and its application in health care, especially in prevention and health promotion. Furthermore, to keep up with all these transformations, it was also necessary to move forward from a legal point of view. During the pandemic, Law No. 13,989 of April 15, 2020<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> allowed direct patient care through teleconsultation, which was not allowed in Brazil until then. Currently, Telemedicine Resolution No. 2,314 of May 5, 2022,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> and Law No. 14,510, known as the Telehealth Law, of December 27, 2022,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> are in effect, which allows teleconsultation throughout the national territory. This allowed areas previously devoid of specialized care access to specialists in real terms (synchronous) to provide care in various specialties.</p>
      <p>Medical teleconsultation, defined as non-face-to-face consultation, mediated by Digital Information and Communication Technologies (TDIC), with doctor and patient located in different spaces,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> is one of the modalities of telemedicine care. In cardiology, this modality becomes even more important since cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in Brazil and the world, with increasing importance as population aging occurs, impacting costs for the health system.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> And in a country the size of Brazil, the presence of specialists in all locations becomes very difficult, demanding a lot of time and high cost to make it available at all points of primary or secondary care.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup></p>
      <p>In this context, the prevention and early diagnosis of risk factors play a crucial role in reducing the incidence of CVD.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> And telecardiology in the form of teleconsultation in areas without access to a specialist can potentially optimize identifying patients at higher risk for CVD.</p>
      <p>Accorsi et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> in the article published in the <italic>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</italic>, analyzed data from cardiology teleconsultations performed on patients living in remote cities in the North region of Brazil. According to the last Census of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, the North Region of Brazil has more than 12,500,000 inhabitants, with at least 20% living in remote areas, far from urban centers or far from inhabited places, and with difficult access.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> The North Region has the country&#8217;s lowest density of medical services, with an average of one doctor per thousand inhabitants, but reaching 0.2 per thousand inhabitants in remote areas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup></p>
      <p>The study<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> involved the telemedicine center at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, having been a reference for 104 face-to-face care centers in the North of Brazil related to the specialized medical assistance program of the Support Program for Institutional Development of the Unified Health System (PROADI) of the Ministry of Health. The patients were previously evaluated by general practitioners in the community who requested a specialist consultation in cardiology. All remote assessments in this program included the patient, the general practitioner at the health facility, and the cardiologist at the telemedicine center in real-time (synchronous). Among the parameters analyzed by the authors are the reason for referral, clinical history and physical examination, and post-telemedicine evaluation regarding tests, medications, diagnoses, and prescriptions. From 02/17/2020 to 10/04/2021, 653 patients were scheduled, with an attendance rate of 85.7%.</p>
      <p>Points to be highlighted in the cardiology teleconsultation:</p>
      <list list-type="bullet">
        <list-item>
          <p>Main symptoms that motivated the referral: chest pain, dyspnea, palpitation, and syncope.</p>
        </list-item>
        <list-item>
          <p>In only 26.1%, there was suspicion of ischemic heart disease</p>
        </list-item>
        <list-item>
          <p>Main risk factors identified: hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and diabetes mellitus.</p>
        </list-item>
        <list-item>
          <p>Most patients had a normal physical examination and electrocardiogram.</p>
        </list-item>
        <list-item>
          <p>All drug prescriptions have been changed to some extent.</p>
        </list-item>
        <list-item>
          <p>Little need to order additional tests, with very few patients indicated for intervention.</p>
        </list-item>
        <list-item>
          <p>Many patients needed companions to understand the basic explanations of the treatment.</p>
        </list-item>
      </list>
      <p>This was the first study to analyze the characteristics and management of on-demand telemedicine cardiology consultations for low-income populations in remote areas of Brazil, demonstrating the potential of cardiology teleconsultation to optimize referrals to specialists in remote and difficult-to-access areas in North Region and the opportunity to optimize the medical treatment of several heart diseases.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>Short Editorial related to the article: Clinical Features and Management of Patients Assessed by Cardiology Teleconsultation in the Brazilian Region with the Highest Number of Isolated Cities</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
