<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="editorial" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="sps-1.9" xml:lang="pt">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">7XSTh3C45cy8774SNWhkMzh</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2023000400203</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00203</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20230187</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>O Desafio de Tornar a Resson&#226;ncia Card&#237;aca uma Realidade Global</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6571-5037</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Gomes</surname>
            <given-names>H&#233;lder Jorge Andrade</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>4</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
            <sup>5</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5605-6623</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Figueredo</surname>
            <given-names>Alcides Rocha de</given-names>
            <suffix>Junior</suffix>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Departamento de Cl&#237;nica M&#233;dica</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Faculdade de Medicina de Jundia&#237;</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Jundia&#237;</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil </country>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Cl&#237;nica M&#233;dica &#8211; Faculdade de Medicina de Jundia&#237;, Jundia&#237;, SP &#8211; Brasil </institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">ICON Diagn&#243;sticos por Imagem</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Jundia&#237;</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Tomografia e Resson&#226;ncia Cardiovascular &#8211; ICON Diagn&#243;sticos por Imagem, Jundia&#237;, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff3">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Vera Cruz</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Campinas</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil </country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital Vera Cruz, Campinas, SP &#8211; Brasil </institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff4">
        <label>4</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Prevent Senior</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Prevent Senior, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff5">
        <label>5</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Samaritano de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital Samaritano de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"> Correspond&#234;ncia: H&#233;lder Jorge Andrade Gomes &#8226; Faculdade de Medicina de Jundia&#237; &#8211; R. Francisco Teles, 250. CEP 13202-550, Vila Arens II, Jundia&#237;, SP &#8211; Brasil E-mail: <email>helderjorge@hotmail.com</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>21</day>
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>120</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <elocation-id>e20230187</elocation-id>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p> This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. </license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Diagn&#243;stico por Imagem/tend&#234;ncias</kwd>
        <kwd>Espectroscopia de Resson&#226;ncia Magn&#233;tica/m&#233;todos</kwd>
        <kwd>Doen&#231;as Cardiovasculares/mortalidade</kwd>
        <kwd>Morte S&#250;bita</kwd>
        <kwd>Cardiomiopatas</kwd>
        <kwd>Fibrose Endomioc&#225;rdica</kwd>
        <kwd>Isquemia Mioc&#225;rdica</kwd>
        <kwd>Volume Sist&#243;lico</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="20"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>Apesar de redu&#231;&#227;o substancial nas taxas de mortalidade cardiovascular ajustada por idade nas &#250;ltimas d&#233;cadas, a doen&#231;a cardiovascular continua sendo a causa mais comum de morte.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Estudos estimam que a morte s&#250;bita card&#237;aca seja respons&#225;vel por aproximadamente 50% de todos os &#243;bitos por causas cardiovasculares, sendo as taquicardias ventriculares com degenera&#231;&#227;o para fibrila&#231;&#227;o ventricular e assistolia a sequ&#234;ncia fatal de eventos fisiopatol&#243;gicos mais comum.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup></p>
    <p>O &#225;rduo trabalho realizado pelos autores do artigo<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> publicado nos Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia ilustra o papel da resson&#226;ncia magn&#233;tica card&#237;aca (RMC) para a elucida&#231;&#227;o etiol&#243;gica dos eventos de morte s&#250;bita encontrados na pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica. Al&#233;m das j&#225; esperadas doen&#231;as de Chagas e isqu&#234;mica, uma grande variedade de outros diagn&#243;sticos foram reconhecidos: miocardites, cardiomiopatia hipertr&#243;fica, cardiomiopatia dilatada, a cardiopatia arritmog&#234;nica, distrofia muscular, cardiomiopatia hipertensiva, met&#225;stases, mioc&#225;rdio n&#227;o compactado, e cardiomiopatia adren&#233;rgica (S&#237;ndrome de Takotsubo). A RMC foi conclusiva em mais de 90% dos casos e &#233; uma ferramenta chave para a exclus&#227;o de cardiopatia estrutural e atribui&#231;&#227;o do evento fatal a causas extracard&#237;acas.</p>
    <p>Por outro lado, o estudo mostrou o quanto estamos longe de bons crit&#233;rios para preven&#231;&#227;o de morte s&#250;bita card&#237;aca pela fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo (FEVE): apenas um ter&#231;o dos pacientes apresentavam uma FEVE &#8804; 35%, e quase 40% dos indiv&#237;duos apresentavam uma FEVE &gt; 50%. N&#227;o &#233; de hoje que os estudos indicam que a FEVE por si s&#243; n&#227;o &#233; um crit&#233;rio suficiente para a identifica&#231;&#227;o adequada dos pacientes que mais se beneficiam do CDI.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Portanto, nos &#250;ltimos anos, esfor&#231;os t&#234;m sido feitos para identificar novos marcadores capazes de refinar a estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica da morte s&#250;bita. A an&#225;lise gen&#233;tica e a resson&#226;ncia magn&#233;tica parecem ser ferramentas extremamente &#250;teis para o aprimoramento desse processo.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Recentemente, a Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia atualizou suas diretrizes sobre dispositivos card&#237;acos eletr&#244;nicos implant&#225;veis<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> e, embora tenha mantido a FEVE &#8804; 35% como par&#226;metro principal para indica&#231;&#227;o de cardioversor-desfibrilador implant&#225;vel (CDI) na preven&#231;&#227;o prim&#225;ria de morte s&#250;bita, novas ferramentas foram incorporadas neste processo, em especial para as cardiopatias n&#227;o-isqu&#234;micas, como a detec&#231;&#227;o de fibrose pela RMC ou de altera&#231;&#245;es gen&#233;ticas de alto risco por testes moleculares.</p>
    <p>A fibrose mioc&#225;rdica detectada pela RMC com a t&#233;cnica de realce tardio com gadol&#237;nio esteve presente em aproximadamente 70% dos casos de morte s&#250;bita do presente estudo,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> e &#233; de fato um forte preditor de arritmia ventricular e morte s&#250;bita, tanto na cardiopatia isqu&#234;mica quanto na n&#227;o isqu&#234;mica.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> Especialmente na cardiopatia dilatada n&#227;o isqu&#234;mica, a presen&#231;a de realce tardio em pacientes com FEVE &gt; 35% ofereceu maior risco arr&#237;tmico do que naqueles pacientes com FEVE 21-35% mas sem realce tardio, re-estratificando o risco, portanto, em um ter&#231;o dos casos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup></p>
    <p>A resson&#226;ncia card&#237;aca &#233; uma modalidade de imagem card&#237;aca multifun&#231;&#227;o, com uma grande variedade de informa&#231;&#245;es, usada para avalia&#231;&#227;o de morfologia, fun&#231;&#227;o, caracteriza&#231;&#227;o tecidual, perfus&#227;o, fluxos e cicatrizes/fibroses. A pesquisa de isquemia mioc&#225;rdica pela RMC tornou-se uma parte importante do arsenal de imagem card&#237;aca, pois demonstrou ser mais precisa do que a SPECT e oferecer excelentes informa&#231;&#245;es progn&#243;sticas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref></sup> Na avalia&#231;&#227;o das cardiomiopatias, pode ser uma t&#233;cnica importante para poder excluir a doen&#231;a arterial coronariana como causa b&#225;sica. No entanto, estudos recentes sugerem que o realce tardio com gadol&#237;nio pode ser suficiente para estabelecer a etiologia da insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca na maioria das vezes.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Nos &#250;ltimos anos presenciamos uma avalanche de artigos cient&#237;ficos de resson&#226;ncia card&#237;aca sobre a utilidade dos mapas param&#233;tricos, seja no acometimento card&#237;aco precoce de diferentes patologias ou no diagn&#243;stico etiol&#243;gico espec&#237;fico, especialmente do Mapa T1 no diagn&#243;stico diferencial de fen&#243;tipos hipertr&#243;ficos como a Amiloidose Card&#237;aca ou a Doen&#231;a de Anderson Fabry.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref></sup>No entanto, essas t&#233;cnicas requerem software avan&#231;ado, bem como tempo significativo para adquirir dados pr&#233; e p&#243;s-contraste, e o uso desta tecnologia em pa&#237;ses em desenvolvimento &#233; caro e consome tempo de aquisi&#231;&#227;o e p&#243;s-processamento.</p>
    <p>Mesmo com tanta possibilidade de informa&#231;&#227;o, no entanto, a RMC ainda &#233; pouco utilizada, principalmente devido &#224; sua falta de disponibilidade, por ser uma t&#233;cnica considerada complicada, lenta, de alto custo e, em alguns casos em que a compreens&#227;o da t&#233;cnica &#233; limitada, pode n&#227;o agregar ao arsenal diagn&#243;stico. Diante deste quadro, o estudo INCA<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref></sup> realizado em Lima, no Peru, e posteriormente replicado em outros pa&#237;ses em desenvolvimento,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref></sup> demonstrou ser poss&#237;vel realizar o exame em menos de 30 minutos, reduzindo em 30-60% seus custos, mas sem perder seu alto impacto no manejo das cardiopatias.</p>
    <p>Neste sentido, o esfor&#231;o pela implementa&#231;&#227;o e difus&#227;o de protocolos mais r&#225;pidos de resson&#226;ncia card&#237;aca aumentariam o acesso ao m&#233;todo, oferecendo informa&#231;&#227;o precisa para interven&#231;&#245;es capazes de reduzir a morbimortalidade cardiovascular. A resson&#226;ncia card&#237;aca precisa ser mais r&#225;pida, f&#225;cil e econ&#244;mica para entrega global e sustent&#225;vel.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>Refer&#234;ncias</title>
      <ref id="B1">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation>1. Malta DC, Teixeira R, Oliveira GMM, Ribeiro ALP. Cardiovascular Disease Mortality According to the Brazilian Information System on Mortality and the Global Burden of Disease Study Estimates in Brazil, 2000-2017. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020 Aug 28;115(2):152-60. doi: 10.36660/abc.20190867.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Malta</surname>
              <given-names>DC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Teixeira</surname>
              <given-names>R</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Oliveira</surname>
              <given-names>GMM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Ribeiro</surname>
              <given-names>ALP</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Cardiovascular Disease Mortality According to the Brazilian Information System on Mortality and the Global Burden of Disease Study Estimates in Brazil, 2000-2017</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2020</year>
          <month>08</month>
          <day>28</day>
          <volume>115</volume>
          <issue>2</issue>
          <fpage>152</fpage>
          <lpage>160</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20190867</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B2">
        <label>2</label>
        <mixed-citation>2. Huikuri HV, Castellanos A, Myerburg RJ. Sudden Death Due to Cardiac Arrhythmias. N Engl J Med. 2001;345(20):1473-82. doi:10.1056/nejmra000650</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Huikuri</surname>
              <given-names>HV</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Castellanos</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Myerburg</surname>
              <given-names>RJ</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Sudden Death Due to Cardiac Arrhythmias</article-title>
          <source>N Engl J Med</source>
          <year>2001</year>
          <volume>345</volume>
          <issue>20</issue>
          <fpage>1473</fpage>
          <lpage>1482</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1056/nejmra000650</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B3">
        <label>3</label>
        <mixed-citation>3. Mar&#231;al PC, Braggion-Santos MF, Wada DT, Santos MK, Moreira HT, Volpe GJ, et al. Cardiac Magnetic Resonance as an Etiological Diagnosis Tool in Recovered Sudden Cardiac Death or Unstable Ventricular Arrhythmia Patients. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2023; 120(4):e20220411</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Mar&#231;al</surname>
              <given-names>PC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Braggion-Santos</surname>
              <given-names>MF</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Wada</surname>
              <given-names>DT</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Santos</surname>
              <given-names>MK</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Moreira</surname>
              <given-names>HT</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Volpe</surname>
              <given-names>GJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Cardiac Magnetic Resonance as an Etiological Diagnosis Tool in Recovered Sudden Cardiac Death or Unstable Ventricular Arrhythmia Patients</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2023</year>
          <volume>120</volume>
          <issue>4</issue>
          <elocation-id>e20220411</elocation-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B4">
        <label>4</label>
        <mixed-citation>4. Buxton AE, Lee KL, Hafley GE, Pires LA, Fisher JD, Gold MR, et al., MUSTT Investigators. Limitations of ejection fraction for prediction of sudden death risk in patients with coronary artery disease: lessons from the MUSTT Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007 Sep 18;50(12):1150-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.04.095.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Buxton</surname>
              <given-names>AE</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Lee</surname>
              <given-names>KL</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Hafley</surname>
              <given-names>GE</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Pires</surname>
              <given-names>LA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Fisher</surname>
              <given-names>JD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Gold</surname>
              <given-names>MR</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
            <collab>MUSTT Investigators</collab>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Limitations of ejection fraction for prediction of sudden death risk in patients with coronary artery disease: lessons from the MUSTT Study</article-title>
          <source>J Am Coll Cardiol</source>
          <year>2007</year>
          <month>09</month>
          <day>18</day>
          <volume>50</volume>
          <issue>12</issue>
          <fpage>1150</fpage>
          <lpage>1157</lpage>
          <issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.jacc.2007.04.095</issue-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B5">
        <label>5</label>
        <mixed-citation>5. Rizzello V. Selection of patients eligible for implantable cardioverter defibrillator: beyond left ventricular ejection fraction. Eur Heart J.2022;24 (Suppl 1);1139-42. doi: 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suac087.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Rizzello</surname>
              <given-names>V</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Selection of patients eligible for implantable cardioverter defibrillator: beyond left ventricular ejection fraction</article-title>
          <source>Eur Heart J</source>
          <year>2022</year>
          <volume>24</volume>
          <supplement>Suppl 1</supplement>
          <fpage>1139</fpage>
          <lpage>1142</lpage>
          <issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suac087</issue-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B6">
        <label>6</label>
        <mixed-citation>6. Teixeira RA, Fagundes AA, Baggio Junior JM, Oliveira JC, Medeiros PTJ, Valdigem BP, et al, Brazilian Guidelines for Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices - 2023. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2023 Jan 23;120(1):e20220892. doi: 10.36660/abc.20220892..</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Teixeira</surname>
              <given-names>RA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Fagundes</surname>
              <given-names>AA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Baggio</surname>
              <given-names>JM</given-names>
              <suffix>Junior</suffix>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Oliveira</surname>
              <given-names>JC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Medeiros</surname>
              <given-names>PTJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Valdigem</surname>
              <given-names>BP</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Brazilian Guidelines for Cardiac Implantable Electronic Devices - 2023</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2023</year>
          <month>01</month>
          <day>23</day>
          <volume>120</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <elocation-id>e20220892</elocation-id>
          <issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20220892..</issue-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B7">
        <label>7</label>
        <mixed-citation>7. Ganesan AN, Gunton J, Nucifora G, McGavigan AD, Selvanayagam JB. Impact of Late Gadolinium Enhancement on mortality, sudden death and major adverse cardiovascular events in ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol. 2018 Mar 1;254:230-7. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.10.094.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Ganesan</surname>
              <given-names>AN</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Gunton</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Nucifora</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>McGavigan</surname>
              <given-names>AD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Selvanayagam</surname>
              <given-names>JB</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Impact of Late Gadolinium Enhancement on mortality, sudden death and major adverse cardiovascular events in ischemic and nonischemic cardiomyopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis</article-title>
          <source>Int J Cardiol</source>
          <year>2018</year>
          <month>03</month>
          <day>1</day>
          <volume>254</volume>
          <fpage>230</fpage>
          <lpage>237</lpage>
          <issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.10.094</issue-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B8">
        <label>8</label>
        <mixed-citation>8. Volpe GJ, Moreira HT, Trad HS, Wu KC, Braggion-Santos MF, Santos MK, et al. Left Ventricular Scar and Prognosis in Chronic Chagas Cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol.2018;72:2567-76. Doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.09035</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Volpe</surname>
              <given-names>GJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Moreira</surname>
              <given-names>HT</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Trad</surname>
              <given-names>HS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Wu</surname>
              <given-names>KC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Braggion-Santos</surname>
              <given-names>MF</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Santos</surname>
              <given-names>MK</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Left Ventricular Scar and Prognosis in Chronic Chagas Cardiomyopathy</article-title>
          <source>J Am Coll Cardiol</source>
          <year>2018</year>
          <volume>72</volume>
          <fpage>2567</fpage>
          <lpage>2576</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.jacc.2018.09035</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B9">
        <label>9</label>
        <mixed-citation>9. Senra T, Ianni BM, Costa ACP, Mady C, Martinelli-Filho M, Kalil-Filho R, Rochitte CE. Long-Term Prognostic Value of Myocardial Fibrosis in Patients With Chagas Cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;72:2577-87. Doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.2195</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Senra</surname>
              <given-names>T</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Ianni</surname>
              <given-names>BM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Costa</surname>
              <given-names>ACP</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mady</surname>
              <given-names>C</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Martinelli-Filho</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kalil-Filho</surname>
              <given-names>R</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Rochitte</surname>
              <given-names>CE</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Long-Term Prognostic Value of Myocardial Fibrosis in Patients With Chagas Cardiomyopathy</article-title>
          <source>J Am Coll Cardiol</source>
          <year>2018</year>
          <volume>72</volume>
          <fpage>2577</fpage>
          <lpage>2587</lpage>
          <issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.jacc.2018.08.2195</issue-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B10">
        <label>10</label>
        <mixed-citation>10. Greenwood JP, Herzog BA, Brown JM, Everett CC, Nixon J, Bijsterveld P, et al. Prognostic Value of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance and Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography in Suspected Coronary Heart Disease: Long-Term Follow-up of a Prospective, Diagnostic Accuracy Cohort Study. Ann Intern Med. 2016 Jul 5;165(1):1-9. doi: 10.7326/M15-1801.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Greenwood</surname>
              <given-names>JP</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Herzog</surname>
              <given-names>BA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Brown</surname>
              <given-names>JM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Everett</surname>
              <given-names>CC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Nixon</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Bijsterveld</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Prognostic Value of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance and Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography in Suspected Coronary Heart Disease: Long-Term Follow-up of a Prospective, Diagnostic Accuracy Cohort Study</article-title>
          <source>Ann Intern Med</source>
          <year>2016</year>
          <month>07</month>
          <day>5</day>
          <volume>165</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <fpage>1</fpage>
          <lpage>9</lpage>
          <issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.7326/M15-1801</issue-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B11">
        <label>11</label>
        <mixed-citation>11. Gentile P, Merlo M, Peretto G, Ammirati E, Sala S, Della Bella P, et al. Post-discharge arrhythmic risk stratification of patients with acute myocarditis and life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Eur J Heart Fail.2021;23(12):2045-54. Doi:10.002/ejhf.2288</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Gentile</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Merlo</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Peretto</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Ammirati</surname>
              <given-names>E</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Sala</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Della Bella</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Post-discharge arrhythmic risk stratification of patients with acute myocarditis and life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias</article-title>
          <source>Eur J Heart Fail</source>
          <year>2021</year>
          <volume>23</volume>
          <issue>12</issue>
          <fpage>2045</fpage>
          <lpage>2054</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.002/ejhf.2288</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B12">
        <label>12</label>
        <mixed-citation>12. Di Marco A, Brown PF, Bradley J, Nucifora G, Claver E, de Frutos F, et al. Improved Risk Stratification for Ventricular Arrhythmias and Sudden Death in Patients With Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021 Jun 15;77(23):2890-905. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.04.030. PMID: 34112317.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Di Marco</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Brown</surname>
              <given-names>PF</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Bradley</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Nucifora</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Claver</surname>
              <given-names>E</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Frutos</surname>
              <given-names>F</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Improved Risk Stratification for Ventricular Arrhythmias and Sudden Death in Patients With Nonischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy</article-title>
          <source>J Am Coll Cardiol</source>
          <year>2021</year>
          <month>06</month>
          <day>15</day>
          <volume>77</volume>
          <issue>23</issue>
          <fpage>2890</fpage>
          <lpage>2905</lpage>
          <issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.jacc.2021.04.030</issue-id>
          <comment>PMID: 34112317</comment>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B13">
        <label>13</label>
        <mixed-citation>13. Greenwood JP, Maredia N, Younger JF, Brown JM, Nixon J, Everett CC, et al. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance and single-photon emission computed tomography for diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CE-MARC): a prospective trial. Lancet. 2012 Feb 4;379(9814):453-60. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61335-4.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Greenwood</surname>
              <given-names>JP</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Maredia</surname>
              <given-names>N</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Younger</surname>
              <given-names>JF</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Brown</surname>
              <given-names>JM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Nixon</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Everett</surname>
              <given-names>CC</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Cardiovascular magnetic resonance and single-photon emission computed tomography for diagnosis of coronary heart disease (CE-MARC): a prospective trial</article-title>
          <source>Lancet</source>
          <year>2012</year>
          <month>02</month>
          <day>4</day>
          <volume>379</volume>
          <issue>9814</issue>
          <fpage>453</fpage>
          <lpage>460</lpage>
          <issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61335-4</issue-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B14">
        <label>14</label>
        <mixed-citation>14. Lipinski MJ, McVey CM, Berger JS, Kramer CM, Salerno M. Prognostic value of stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Aug 27;62(9):826-38. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.03.080.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Lipinski</surname>
              <given-names>MJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>McVey</surname>
              <given-names>CM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Berger</surname>
              <given-names>JS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kramer</surname>
              <given-names>CM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Salerno</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Prognostic value of stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging in patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis</article-title>
          <source>J Am Coll Cardiol</source>
          <year>2013</year>
          <month>08</month>
          <day>27</day>
          <volume>62</volume>
          <issue>9</issue>
          <fpage>826</fpage>
          <lpage>838</lpage>
          <issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.jacc.2013.03.080</issue-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B15">
        <label>15</label>
        <mixed-citation>15. Gulsin GS, Shetye A, Khoo J, Swarbrick DJ, Levelt E, Lai FY, et al. Does stress perfusion imaging improve the diagnostic accuracy of late gadolinium enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance for establishing the etiology of heart failure? BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2017 Apr 8;17(1):98. doi: 10.1186/s12872-017-0529-y.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Gulsin</surname>
              <given-names>GS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Shetye</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Khoo</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Swarbrick</surname>
              <given-names>DJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Levelt</surname>
              <given-names>E</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Lai</surname>
              <given-names>FY</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Does stress perfusion imaging improve the diagnostic accuracy of late gadolinium enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance for establishing the etiology of heart failure?</article-title>
          <source>BMC Cardiovasc Disord</source>
          <year>2017</year>
          <month>04</month>
          <day>8</day>
          <volume>17</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <size units="pages">98</size>
          <issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/s12872-017-0529-y</issue-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B16">
        <label>16</label>
        <mixed-citation>16. Haaf P, Garg P, Messroghli DR, Broadbent DA, Greenwood JP, Plein S. Cardiac T1 Mapping and Extracellular Volume (ECV) in clinical practice: a comprehensive review. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2016 Nov 30;18(1):89. doi: 10.1186/s12968-016-0308-4.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Haaf</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Garg</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Messroghli</surname>
              <given-names>DR</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Broadbent</surname>
              <given-names>DA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Greenwood</surname>
              <given-names>JP</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Plein</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Cardiac T1 Mapping and Extracellular Volume (ECV) in clinical practice: a comprehensive review</article-title>
          <source>J Cardiovasc Magn Reson</source>
          <year>2016</year>
          <month>11</month>
          <day>30</day>
          <volume>18</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <size units="pages">89</size>
          <issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1186/s12968-016-0308-4</issue-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B17">
        <label>17</label>
        <mixed-citation>17. Ferreira VM, Piechnik SK, Robson MD, Neubauer S, Karamitsos TD. Myocardial tissue characterization by magnetic resonance imaging: novel applications of T1 and T2 mapping. J Thorac Imaging. 2014 May;29(3):147-54. doi: 10.1097/RTI.0000000000000077.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Ferreira</surname>
              <given-names>VM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Piechnik</surname>
              <given-names>SK</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Robson</surname>
              <given-names>MD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Neubauer</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Karamitsos</surname>
              <given-names>TD</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Myocardial tissue characterization by magnetic resonance imaging: novel applications of T1 and T2 mapping</article-title>
          <source>J Thorac Imaging</source>
          <year>2014</year>
          <month>05</month>
          <volume>29</volume>
          <issue>3</issue>
          <fpage>147</fpage>
          <lpage>154</lpage>
          <issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1097/RTI.0000000000000077</issue-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B18">
        <label>18</label>
        <mixed-citation>18. Andrade Gomes HJ, de Padua Vieira AV, Nacif MS. The Value of T1 Mapping Techniques in the Assessment of Myocardial Interstitial Fibrosis. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2019 Aug;27(3):563-74. doi: 10.1016/j.mric.2019.04.007.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Andrade Gomes</surname>
              <given-names>HJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Padua Vieira</surname>
              <given-names>AV</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Nacif</surname>
              <given-names>MS</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>The Value of T1 Mapping Techniques in the Assessment of Myocardial Interstitial Fibrosis</article-title>
          <source>Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am</source>
          <year>2019</year>
          <month>08</month>
          <volume>27</volume>
          <issue>3</issue>
          <fpage>563</fpage>
          <lpage>574</lpage>
          <issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.mric.2019.04.007</issue-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B19">
        <label>19</label>
        <mixed-citation>19. Menacho K, Ramirez S, Segura P, Nordin S, Abdel-Gadir A, Illatopa V, et al. INCA (Peru) Study: Impact of Non-Invasive Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Assessment in the Developing World. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018 Sep 4;7(17):e008981. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.118.008981.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Menacho</surname>
              <given-names>K</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Ramirez</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Segura</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Nordin</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Abdel-Gadir</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Illatopa</surname>
              <given-names>V</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>INCA (Peru) Study: Impact of Non-Invasive Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Assessment in the Developing World</article-title>
          <source>J Am Heart Assoc</source>
          <year>2018</year>
          <month>09</month>
          <day>4</day>
          <volume>7</volume>
          <issue>17</issue>
          <elocation-id>e008981</elocation-id>
          <issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1161/JAHA.118.008981</issue-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B20">
        <label>20</label>
        <mixed-citation>20. Menacho KD, Ramirez S, Perez A, Dragonetti L, Perez de Arenaza D, Katekaru D, et al. Improving cardiovascular magnetic resonance access in low- and middle-income countries for cardiomyopathy assessment: rapid cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Eur Heart J. 2022 Jul 7;43(26):2496-507. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac035.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Menacho</surname>
              <given-names>KD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Ramirez</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Perez</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Dragonetti</surname>
              <given-names>L</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Perez de Arenaza</surname>
              <given-names>D</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Katekaru</surname>
              <given-names>D</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Improving cardiovascular magnetic resonance access in low- and middle-income countries for cardiomyopathy assessment: rapid cardiovascular magnetic resonance</article-title>
          <source>Eur Heart J</source>
          <year>2022</year>
          <month>07</month>
          <day>7</day>
          <volume>43</volume>
          <issue>26</issue>
          <fpage>2496</fpage>
          <lpage>2507</lpage>
          <issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/eurheartj/ehac035</issue-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <italic>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Resson&#226;ncia Magn&#233;tica Card&#237;aca como Ferramenta Diagn&#243;stica Etiol&#243;gica em Pacientes Recuperados de Morte S&#250;bita Card&#237;aca ou Arritmias Ventriculares Inst&#225;veis</italic>
        </p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>The Challenge of Making Cardiac Resonance a Global Reality</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6571-5037</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Gomes</surname>
            <given-names>H&#233;lder Jorge Andrade</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3001">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4001">
            <sup>4</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5001">
            <sup>5</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5605-6623</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Figueredo</surname>
            <given-names>Alcides Rocha de</given-names>
            <suffix>Junior</suffix>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1001">
        <label>1</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Cl&#237;nica M&#233;dica &#8211; Faculdade de Medicina de Jundia&#237;, Jundia&#237;, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2001">
        <label>2</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Tomografia e Resson&#226;ncia Cardiovascular &#8211; ICON Diagn&#243;sticos por Imagem, Jundia&#237;, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff3001">
        <label>3</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital Vera Cruz, Campinas, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff4001">
        <label>4</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Prevent Senior, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff5001">
        <label>5</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital Samaritano de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01001"> Mailing Address: H&#233;lder Jorge Andrade Gomes &#8226; Faculdade de Medicina de Jundia&#237; &#8211; R. Francisco Teles, 250. Postal Code 13202-550, Vila Arens II, Jundia&#237;, SP - Brazil E-mail: helderjorge@hotmail.com </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Diagnostic Imaging/trends</kwd>
        <kwd>Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy</kwd>
        <kwd>Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality</kwd>
        <kwd>Death,Sudden</kwd>
        <kwd>Cardiomyopathes</kwd>
        <kwd>Endomyocardial Fibrosis</kwd>
        <kwd>Myocardial Ischemia</kwd>
        <kwd>Stroke Volume</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Despite substantially reducing age-adjusted cardiovascular mortality rates in recent decades, cardiovascular disease remains the most common cause of death.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Studies estimate that sudden cardiac death is responsible for approximately 50% of all deaths from cardiovascular causes, with ventricular tachycardia with degeneration to ventricular fibrillation and asystole being the most common fatal sequence of pathophysiological events.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup></p>
      <p>The hard work done by authors of the article<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> published in the <italic>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</italic> illustrates the role of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in the etiological elucidation of sudden death events encountered in clinical practice. In addition to the already expected Chagas and ischemic diseases, a wide variety of other diagnoses have been recognized: myocarditis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic heart disease, muscular dystrophy, hypertensive cardiomyopathy, metastases, non-compacted myocardium, and adrenergic cardiomyopathy (Takotsubo syndrome). The CMR was conclusive in more than 90% of cases and is a key tool for excluding structural heart disease and attributing the fatal event to extracardiac causes.</p>
      <p>On the other hand, the study showed how far we are from good criteria for the prevention of sudden cardiac death by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF): only one-third of the patients had an LVEF &#8804; 35%, and almost 40% of the individuals had an LVEF &gt; 50%. It is not new that studies indicate that LVEF alone is not a sufficient criterion for the proper identification of patients whom most benefit from ICD.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Therefore, in recent years, efforts have been made to identify new markers capable of refining the prognostic stratification of sudden death. Genetic analysis and magnetic resonance imaging are extremely useful tools for improving this process.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup></p>
      <p>The Brazilian Society of Cardiology recently updated its guidelines on implantable electronic cardiac devices.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup>Although it maintained LVEF &#8804; 35% as the main parameter for indicating an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) in the primary prevention of sudden death, new tools were incorporated into this process, especially for non-ischemic heart diseases, such as the detection of fibrosis by CMR or high-risk genetic alterations by molecular tests.</p>
      <p>Myocardial fibrosis detected by CMR with the delayed gadolinium enhancement technique was present in approximately 70% of the cases of sudden death in the present study<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> and is a strong predictor of ventricular arrhythmia and sudden death, both in ischemic and non-ischemic heart disease.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> Especially in non-ischemic dilated heart disease, a delayed enhancement in patients with LVEF &gt; 35% offered a higher arrhythmic risk than in those patients with LVEF 21-35% but without delayed enhancement, thus re-stratifying the risk in one-third of cases.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Cardiac resonance is a multipurpose cardiac imaging modality with a wide variety of information used to assess morphology, function, tissue characterization, perfusion, flows, and scars/fibrosis. Myocardial ischemia research by CMR has become an important part of the cardiac imaging arsenal, as it is more accurate than SPECT and offers excellent prognostic information.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref></sup> In evaluating cardiomyopathies, it can be an important technique to exclude coronary artery disease as the underlying cause. However, recent studies suggest that delayed gadolinium enhancement may be sufficient to establish the etiology of heart failure in most cases.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref></sup></p>
      <p>In recent years, we have witnessed an avalanche of scientific articles on cardiac resonance imaging on the usefulness of parametric maps, either in the early cardiac involvement of different pathologies or in the specific etiological diagnosis, especially the T1 Map in the differential diagnosis of hypertrophic phenotypes such as Cardiac Amyloidosis or by Anderson Fabry.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref></sup> However, these techniques require advanced software and significant time to acquire pre- and post-contrast data, and using this technology in developing countries is expensive and time-consuming acquisition and post-processing.</p>
      <p>Even with so much possibility of information, however, CMR is still little used, mainly due to its lack of availability, as it is a technique considered complicated, slow, expensive, and, in some cases where the understanding of the technique is limited, may not add to the diagnostic arsenal. Because of this situation, the INCA<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref></sup> study carried out in Lima, Peru, and later replicated in other developing countries,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref></sup> demonstrated that it is possible to perform the test in less than 30 minutes, reducing costs by 30-60%, but without losing its high impact in the management of heart disease.</p>
      <p>In this sense, the effort to implement and disseminate faster cardiac resonance protocols would increase access to the method, offering accurate information for interventions capable of reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Cardiac MRI must be faster, easier, and more cost-effective for global and sustainable delivery.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <italic>Short Editorial related to the article: Cardiac Magnetic Resonance as an Etiological Diagnosis Tool in Recovered Sudden Cardiac Death or Unstable Ventricular Arrhythmia Patients</italic>
          </p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
