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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">wgtsSWQRn6PYpY5nzfWwDSx</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2023000301001</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">01001</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20220573</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Imagem</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Diagn&#243;stico Complicado: Uma Corda Aberrante da Valva Mitral</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-9426-3578</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Santos</surname>
            <given-names>Marina</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa e Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito</role>
          <role>Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados</role>
          <role>An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados</role>
          <role>Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Paiva</surname>
            <given-names>Mariana</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7733-746X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Ferreira</surname>
            <given-names>Joana</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados</role>
          <role>Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-4127-3828</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Guerreiro</surname>
            <given-names>Sara</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados</role>
          <role>An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados</role>
          <role>Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Dr. N&#233;lio Mendon&#231;a Hospital</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Madeira</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Dr. N&#233;lio Mendon&#231;a Hospital, Madeira &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Santa Cruz Hospital</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Lisboa</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Santa Cruz Hospital, Lisboa &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff3">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Set&#250;bal Hospital Centre</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Set&#250;bal</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Set&#250;bal Hospital Centre, Set&#250;bal &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"> Correspond&#234;ncia: Marina Santos &#8226; Hospital Dr. Nelio Mendon&#231;a - Av. Lu&#237;s de Cam&#245;es, 6180, 9000-177. Funchal - Portugal Email: <email>m.raquel.santos1992@gmail.com</email> </corresp>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>Potencial conflito de interesses</p>
          <p>Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>10</day>
        <month>03</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>120</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <elocation-id>e20220573</elocation-id>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>08</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>28</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>14</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p> This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. </license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Cardiopatias Congenitas</kwd>
        <kwd>Septo Interatrial</kwd>
        <kwd>Staphylococcus Aureus</kwd>
        <kwd>Insufici&#234;ncia da Valva Mitral</kwd>
        <kwd>Endocardite Bacteriana</kwd>
        <kwd>Diagn&#243;stico por Imagem/m&#233;todos</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="4"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="5"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec sec-type="cases">
      <title>Caso</title>
      <p>Apresenta-se o caso de um homem de 52 anos, com antecedentes de hepatite-C e abuso de drogas endovenosas, que estava internado no servi&#231;o de infectologia de outro hospital por espondilodiscite e abcesso no m&#250;sculo psoas. Durante o internamento isolou-se <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> em culturas de sangue, urina e l&#237;quido cefalorraquidiano, pelo que se iniciou antibioterapia dirigida. Realizou-se ecocardiograma transtor&#225;cico, que n&#227;o mostrou sinais de vegeta&#231;&#245;es, abcessos ou f&#237;stulas. Por manuten&#231;&#227;o de febre e suspeita de endocardite infeciosa (EI), foi submetido a ecocardiograma transesof&#225;gico (ETE). O ETE, por sua vez, apresentava uma estrutura filamentosa e m&#243;vel apensa &#224; superf&#237;cie atrial da valva mitral (VM). O diagn&#243;stico de EI foi assumido e ap&#243;s sete dias de terap&#234;utica o doente foi referenciado ao nosso hospital (terci&#225;rio) para repeti&#231;&#227;o de ETE. Nas imagens bidimensionais (2D) encontrou-se uma estrutura fina, bem delineada, com origem no septo interatrial (SIA) at&#233; &#224; ponta do folheto anterior da VM, n&#227;o condicionando regurgita&#231;&#227;o significativa ( <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01">Figura 1</xref> , v&#237;deo suplementar 1). Com imagem tridimensional (3D) confirmou-se a presen&#231;a de uma corda an&#243;mala conectando o segmento A2 da VM &#224; regi&#227;o m&#233;dia do SIA ( <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f02">Figura 2</xref> , v&#237;deo suplementar 2). N&#227;o havia evid&#234;ncia de EI e esta estrutura era compat&#237;vel com uma corda da VM com inser&#231;&#227;o an&#243;mala no &#225;trio esquerdo.</p>
      <p>
        <fig id="f01">
          <label>Figura 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>&#8211; Imagens 2D de ecocardiograma transesof&#225;gico que mostram estrutura fina e bem delineada (seta amarela), com origem no septo interatrial at&#233; &#224; ponta do folheto anterior da valva mitral. Aus&#234;ncia de regurgita&#231;&#227;o significativa atrav&#233;s de Doppler cor (&#224; direita).</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-120-03-e20220573-20573-gf01.tif"/></fig>
      </p>
      <p>
        <fig id="f02">
          <label>Figura 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>&#8211; Imagens 3D de ecocardiograma transesof&#225;gico confirmando a presen&#231;a de corda an&#243;mala conectando o segmento A3 da valva mitral (VM) &#224; regi&#227;o m&#233;dia do septo interatrial (SIA).</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-120-03-e20220573-20573-gf02.tif"/></fig>
      </p>
      <p>A inser&#231;&#227;o atrial aberrante de corda mitral &#233; uma anomalia cong&#233;nita rara, com relev&#226;ncia cl&#237;nica incerta. Alguns relatos de caso destacam esta anomalia como causa de regurgita&#231;&#227;o mitral importante, onde a cirurgia pode estar indicada.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> Al&#233;m disso, est&#225; descrito um caso de endocardite infeciosa envolvendo uma corda an&#243;mala da VM.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> No entanto em doentes sem insufici&#234;ncia mitral significativa ou infec&#231;&#227;o ativa, o reconhecimento adequado dessa anomalia &#233; essencial para evitar tratamentos desnecess&#225;rios ou diagn&#243;sticos incorretos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup></p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>Refer&#234;ncias</title>
      <ref id="B1">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation>1. Brown A, Fung K, Ma G, Ripley DP. Image of the Quarter: Clinical Aberrant atrial insertion of the mitral valve chord. J R Coll Physicians Edinb. 2019; 49(2):139&#8211;40. doi: 10.4997/JRCPE.2019.212</mixed-citation>
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              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
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              <surname>Ripley</surname>
              <given-names>DP</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Image of the Quarter: Clinical Aberrant atrial insertion of the mitral valve chord</article-title>
          <source>J R Coll Physicians Edinb</source>
          <year>2019</year>
          <volume>49</volume>
          <issue>2</issue>
          <fpage>139</fpage>
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        <label>2</label>
        <mixed-citation>2. Khan H, Chaubey S, Kenny C, MacCarthy P, Wendler O. A rare case of an aberrant anterior mitral valve chord resulting in severe mitral regurgitation. J Surg Case Reports. 2011; (5):1. 10.1093/jscr/2011.5.1</mixed-citation>
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              <surname>Chaubey</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kenny</surname>
              <given-names>C</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>MacCarthy</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Wendler</surname>
              <given-names>O</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>A rare case of an aberrant anterior mitral valve chord resulting in severe mitral regurgitation</article-title>
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        <label>3</label>
        <mixed-citation>3. Chhabra SK, Bogar LJ, Decaro MV, Cohen IS. Complex mitral valve endocarditis involving a left atrial false tendon. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012; 60(22):2330. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.03.084</mixed-citation>
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            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Bogar</surname>
              <given-names>LJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Decaro</surname>
              <given-names>MV</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Cohen</surname>
              <given-names>IS</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Complex mitral valve endocarditis involving a left atrial false tendon</article-title>
          <source>J Am Coll Cardiol</source>
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        <label>4</label>
        <mixed-citation>4. Floria M, Gerard M, Marchandise B, Schroeder E. Aberrantly inserted chordae tendineae without significant mitral regurgitation. J Clin Ultrasound. 2014; (42):57&#8211;8. doi: 10.1002/jcu.22001</mixed-citation>
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              <surname>Floria</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Gerard</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Marchandise</surname>
              <given-names>B</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Schroeder</surname>
              <given-names>E</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Aberrantly inserted chordae tendineae without significant mitral regurgitation</article-title>
          <source>J Clin Ultrasound</source>
          <year>2014</year>
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        <mixed-citation>5. Bertrand PB, Churchill TW, Passeri JJ. A Left Atrial Mitral Valve Chord. JACC Case Reports. 2020; (2):526-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2019.11.079</mixed-citation>
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          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Bertrand</surname>
              <given-names>PB</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Churchill</surname>
              <given-names>TW</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Passeri</surname>
              <given-names>JJ</given-names>
            </name>
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          <source>JACC Case Reports</source>
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    </ref-list>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>Vincula&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica</p>
        <p>N&#227;o h&#225; vincula&#231;&#227;o deste estudo a programas de p&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>Aprova&#231;&#227;o &#233;tica e consentimento informado</p>
        <p>Este artigo n&#227;o cont&#233;m estudos com humanos ou animais realizados por nenhum dos autores.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="supported-by">
        <p>Fontes de financiamento: O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Image</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Tricky Diagnosis: An Aberrant Mitral Valve Chord</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-9426-3578</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Santos</surname>
            <given-names>Marina</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Conception and design of the research and Writing of the manuscript</role>
          <role>Acquisition of data</role>
          <role>Analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Paiva</surname>
            <given-names>Mariana</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Acquisition of data</role>
          <role>Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7733-746X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Ferreira</surname>
            <given-names>Joana</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Acquisition of data</role>
          <role>Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3001">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-4127-3828</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Guerreiro</surname>
            <given-names>Sara</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Acquisition of data</role>
          <role>Analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
          <role>Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1001">
        <label>1</label>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Dr. N&#233;lio Mendon&#231;a Hospital, Madeira &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2001">
        <label>2</label>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Santa Cruz Hospital, Lisboa &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff3001">
        <label>3</label>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Set&#250;bal Hospital Centre, Set&#250;bal &#8211; Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01001">Mailing Address: Marina Santos &#8226; Hospital Dr. Nelio Mendon&#231;a - Av. Lu&#237;s de Cam&#245;es, 6180, 9000-177. Funchal - Portugal Email: m.raquel.santos1992@gmail.com</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>Potential Conflict of Interest</p>
          <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Heart Defects, Congenital Atrial Septum</kwd>
        <kwd>Staphylococcus Aureus</kwd>
        <kwd>Mitral Valve Insufficiency</kwd>
        <kwd>Endocarditis Bacterial</kwd>
        <kwd>Diagnostic Imaging/methods</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec sec-type="cases">
        <title>Case</title>
        <p>We present the case of a 52-year-old man with hepatitis C and a history of intravenous drug abuse, admitted to the infectology department with spondylodiscitis and psoas muscle abscess. Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from blood, urine, and spinal fluid cultures, and the transthoracic echocardiogram was negative for vegetation, abscess, or fistula. The transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) showed a filamentous and mobile structure attached to the atrial surface of the mitral valve (MV), and a diagnosis of infective endocarditis was presumed. Seven days later, the patient was referred to our tertiary institution for a detailed TEE. In 2D images, we found a thin, well-delineated strand connecting the interatrial septum (IAS) to the tip of the anterior mitral leaflet without significant regurgitation ( <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01001">Figure 1A</xref> , supplementary video 1). 3D imaging confirmed the presence of an anomalous chord connecting the A2 scallop of MV to the middle of the interatrial septum ( <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01001">Figure 1B</xref> , supplementary video 2). There was no evidence of infective endocarditis, and this strand was found to be compatible with an anomalous left atrial MV chord.</p>
        <p>
          <fig id="f01001">
            <label>Figure 1</label>
            <caption>
              <title>&#8211; 2D transesophageal echocardiogram images showing a fine, well-delineated structure (yellow arrow) originating from the interatrial septum to the tip of the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve. There is no significant regurgitation on the color Doppler (right).</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-120-03-e20220573-20573-gf01-en.tif"/></fig>
        </p>
        <p>
          <fig id="f02001">
            <label>Figure 2</label>
            <caption>
              <title>&#8211; 3D transesophageal echocardiogram images confirm the presence of an anomalous chord connecting the A3 segment of the mitral valve (MV) to the middle region of the interatrial septum (IAS).</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-120-03-e20220573-20573-gf02-en.tif"/></fig>
        </p>
        <p>Anomalous insertion of the left atrial (LA) mitral valve (MV) chord is a rare congenital anomaly with unclear clinical relevance. Some reports highlight this anomaly as a cause of significant mitral regurgitation where surgery may be indicated.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> Additionally, complex mitral valve endocarditis involving an anomalous LA MV chord has been recorde.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> However, in patients without significant mitral regurgitation or active infection, adequate recognition of this anomaly is essential to avoid unnecessary treatment or incorrect diagnosis.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup></p>
      </sec>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>Study association</p>
          <p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>Ethics approval and consent to participate</p>
          <p>This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="supported-by">
          <p>Sources of funding: There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
