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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">pNK8jVrvNrFGGLthwDmT9xt</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2023000200203</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00203</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20220894</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Sente-se Menos, Mova-se Mais e Sinta-se Bem, Pessoal!: O Comportamento Sedent&#225;rio pode Comprometer a Sa&#250;de Cardiometab&#243;lica por Meio de Problemas de Sa&#250;de Mental ao Longo da Vida</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Bicer</surname>
            <given-names>Ceren</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1336-1724</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Balcioglu</surname>
            <given-names>Yasin Hasan</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hacettepe University</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculty of Medicine</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Ankara</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="TR">Turquia</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara &#8211; Turquia</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Department of Psychiatry</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Research Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology, and Neurosurgery</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Istanbul</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="TR">Turquia</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Department of Psychiatry, Bakirkoy Prof Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, Istanbul &#8211; Turquia</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"> Correspond&#234;ncia: Yasin Hasan Balcioglu &#8226; Forensic Psychiatry Unit, Bakirkoy Prof Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, 34147, Istanbul &#8211; Turquia E-mail: <email>yhasanbalcioglu@gmail.com</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>27</day>
        <month>02</month>
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <year>2023</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>120</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <elocation-id>e20220894</elocation-id>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p> This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. </license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Risco Cardiovascular</kwd>
        <kwd>Adolesc&#234;ncia</kwd>
        <kwd>Idade Adulta</kwd>
        <kwd>H&#225;bitos Alimentares</kwd>
        <kwd>Doen&#231;a Psiqui&#225;trica</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="12"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>Lemos com interesse o artigo intitulado &#8220;Comportamento sedent&#225;rio, h&#225;bitos alimentares e risco cardiometab&#243;lico em crian&#231;as e adolescentes fisicamente ativos&#8221;.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Neste estudo, os autores tentaram avaliar a rela&#231;&#227;o entre comportamento sedent&#225;rio, fatores de risco cardiometab&#243;lico e h&#225;bitos alimentares em crian&#231;as e adolescentes fisicamente ativos. Seus resultados conclu&#237;ram que n&#227;o h&#225; associa&#231;&#227;o entre comportamento sedent&#225;rio e fatores de risco cardiometab&#243;licos em crian&#231;as e adolescentes fisicamente ativos. No entanto, conclu&#237;ram que o comportamento sedent&#225;rio estava associado a h&#225;bitos alimentares inadequados. Al&#233;m disso, crian&#231;as e adolescentes com comportamento sedent&#225;rio apresentaram maior probabilidade de consumir alimentos em frente &#224; televis&#227;o regularmente e consumir pelo menos um alimento ultraprocessado por dia, consumindo menos frutas.</p>
    <p>Apesar deste estudo fornecer achados importantes, os estudos com desenho transversal t&#234;m inerentemente limita&#231;&#245;es substanciais. Particularmente quando se trata de doen&#231;as como dist&#250;rbios cardiometab&#243;licos, estes s&#227;o os resultados da acumula&#231;&#227;o de fatores de risco ao longo de muitos anos. Um delineamento transversal para essa faixa et&#225;ria pode negligenciar os efeitos do comportamento sedent&#225;rio nas condi&#231;&#245;es cardiometab&#243;licas na idade adulta, pois provavelmente n&#227;o ter&#225; tempo suficiente para demonstrar seu real efeito no in&#237;cio da vida.</p>
    <p>Em segundo lugar, um estilo de vida sedent&#225;rio &#233; um problema de sa&#250;de p&#250;blica emergente nas sociedades desenvolvidas e em desenvolvimento. N&#237;veis mais elevados de comportamento sedent&#225;rio s&#227;o um conhecido fator de risco para ganho de peso, adiposidade abdominal e doen&#231;as cardiometab&#243;licas em crian&#231;as, adolescentes e adultos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> - <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> O que tamb&#233;m &#233; amplamente reconhecido s&#227;o os efeitos positivos da atividade f&#237;sica na sa&#250;de mental, mas pouco se sabe sobre os efeitos dos comportamentos sedent&#225;rios na sa&#250;de mental.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> O presente estudo indicou que o comportamento sedent&#225;rio est&#225; relacionado com h&#225;bitos alimentares pouco saud&#225;veis. Assim, os efeitos do comportamento sedent&#225;rio na sa&#250;de mental tamb&#233;m devem ser mencionados. Uma revis&#227;o sistem&#225;tica de nove estudos transversais encontrou uma rela&#231;&#227;o negativa entre autoestima e comportamento sedent&#225;rio e uma correla&#231;&#227;o positiva entre estilo de vida sedent&#225;rio e transtornos alimentares.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Estudos recentes tamb&#233;m indicaram uma associa&#231;&#227;o entre comportamentos sedent&#225;rios, depress&#227;o e aumento do risco de suic&#237;dio em popula&#231;&#245;es de adolescentes e adultos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> - <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> Um estilo de vida sedent&#225;rio tamb&#233;m est&#225; associado a interrup&#231;&#245;es do ritmo circadiano, e o comprometimento das caracter&#237;sticas cronobiol&#243;gicas est&#225; associado a um risco aumentado de doen&#231;as cardiometab&#243;licas, principalmente em pacientes psiqui&#225;tricos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Nosso conhecimento sobre os efeitos de um estilo de vida sedent&#225;rio em transtornos alimentares e escolhas de consumo ainda &#233; limitado, embora o estudo atual e outros tenham indicado h&#225;bitos alimentares alterados e disfuncionais que predisp&#245;em a adversidades cardiometab&#243;licas. Por outro lado, &#233; poss&#237;vel afirmar que um estilo de vida sedent&#225;rio tem efeitos adversos de longo prazo sobre a sa&#250;de mental e leva a muitos transtornos psiqui&#225;tricos, que est&#227;o relacionados &#224; morbidade n&#227;o apenas por causa da carga de sa&#250;de mental, mas s&#227;o fatores predisponentes bem conhecidos fatores para doen&#231;as cardiometab&#243;licas. Estudos prospectivos s&#227;o necess&#225;rios para esclarecer o papel de um estilo de vida sedent&#225;rio em idades precoces no desenvolvimento de adversidades cardiometab&#243;licas na idade adulta na modera&#231;&#227;o de transtornos psiqui&#225;tricos.</p>
  </body>
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        <mixed-citation>11. Balcioglu SSK, Balcioglu YH, Devrim Balaban O. The Association Between Chronotype and Sleep Quality, and Cardiometabolic Markers in Patients with Schizophrenia. Chronobiol Int. 2022;39(1):77-88. doi: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1974029.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Balcioglu</surname>
              <given-names>SSK</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Balcioglu</surname>
              <given-names>YH</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Devrim Balaban</surname>
              <given-names>O</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>The Association Between Chronotype and Sleep Quality, and Cardiometabolic Markers in Patients with Schizophrenia</article-title>
          <source>Chronobiol Int</source>
          <year>2022</year>
          <volume>39</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <fpage>77</fpage>
          <lpage>88</lpage>
          <issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1080/07420528.2021.1974029</issue-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B12">
        <label>12</label>
        <mixed-citation>12. Miyagi R, Sasawaki Y, Shiotani H. The Influence Of Short-Term Sedentary Behavior On Circadian Rhythm Of Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability. Chronobiol Int. 2019;36(3):374-380. doi: 10.1080/07420528.2018.1550422.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Miyagi</surname>
              <given-names>R</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Sasawaki</surname>
              <given-names>Y</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Shiotani</surname>
              <given-names>H</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>The Influence Of Short-Term Sedentary Behavior On Circadian Rhythm Of Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability</article-title>
          <source>Chronobiol Int</source>
          <year>2019</year>
          <volume>36</volume>
          <issue>3</issue>
          <fpage>374</fpage>
          <lpage>380</lpage>
          <issue-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1080/07420528.2018.1550422</issue-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <italic>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Comportamento Sedent&#225;rio, H&#225;bitos Alimentares e Risco Cardiometab&#243;lico em Crian&#231;as e Adolescentes Fisicamente Ativos</italic>
        </p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Sit Less, Move More, and Feel Good, Folks!: Sedentary Behavior May Stake Cardiometabolic Health Through Mental Health Problems Across the Lifespan</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Bicer</surname>
            <given-names>Ceren</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1336-1724</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Balcioglu</surname>
            <given-names>Yasin Hasan</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1001">
        <label>1</label>
        <country country="TR">Turquia</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara &#8211; Turquia</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2001">
        <label>2</label>
        <country country="TR">Turquia</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Department of Psychiatry, Bakirkoy Prof Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, Istanbul &#8211; Turquia</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01001">Mailing Address: Yasin Hasan Balcioglu &#8226; Forensic Psychiatry Unit, Bakirkoy Prof Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, 34147, Istanbul &#8211; Turkey E-mail: yhasanbalcioglu@gmail.com</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Cardiovascular Risk</kwd>
        <kwd>Adolescence</kwd>
        <kwd>Adulthood</kwd>
        <kwd>Eating Habits</kwd>
        <kwd>Psychiatric Illness</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>We read with interest the article titled &#8220;Sedentary behavior, dietary habits and cardiometabolic risk in physically active children and adolescents&#8221;.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> In this study, the authors attempted to evaluate the relationship between sedentary behavior, cardiometabolic risk factors, and eating habits in physically active children and adolescents. Their results concluded that there is no association between sedentary behavior and cardiometabolic risk factors in physically active children and adolescents. However, they concluded that sedentary behavior was associated with inappropriate eating habits. Moreover, children and adolescents showing sedentary behavior were more likely to consume food in front of the television regularly and to consume at least one ultra-processed food per day while consuming less fruit. We want to address several issues in this valuable article.</p>
      <p>Despite this study providing important findings, studies with cross-sectional design inherently have substantial limitations. Particularly when it comes to diseases such as cardiometabolic disorders, these are the results of the cumulation of risk factors over many years. A cross-sectional design for this age group may overlook the effects of sedentary behavior on cardiometabolic conditions in adulthood, as it most likely will not have enough time to demonstrate its real effect during early life.</p>
      <p>Secondly, a sedentary lifestyle is an up-and-coming public health problem in developing and developed societies. Higher levels of sedentary behavior are a known risk factor for weight gain, abdominal adiposity, and cardiometabolic diseases in children, adolescents, and adults.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> - <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> What is also widely recognized that the positive effects of physical activity on mental health, but less is known about the effects of sedentary behaviors on mental health.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> The current study indicated that sedentary behavior is linked with unhealthy eating habits. Thus, the effects of sedentary behavior on mental health should also be mentioned. A systematic review of nine cross-sectional studies found a negative relationship between self-esteem and sedentary behavior and a positive correlation between a sedentary lifestyle and eating disorders.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Recent studies also indicated an association between sedentary behaviors, depression, and increased risk of suicide in both adolescent and adult populations.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> - <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> A sedentary lifestyle is also associated with circadian rhythm disruptions, and impairment in chronobiological features is linked with an increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases, particularly in psychiatric patients.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Our knowledge about the effects of a sedentary lifestyle on eating disorders and consumption choices is still limited, although the current study and others indicated altered and dysfunctional eating habits predisposing to cardiometabolic adversities. On the other hand, it is possible to claim that a sedentary lifestyle has long-term adverse effects on mental health and leads to many psychiatric disorders, which are related to morbidity not only because of mental health burden, but they are well-known predisposing factors for cardiometabolic diseases. Prospective studies are warranted to enlighten the role of a sedentary lifestyle at early ages in the development of adulthood cardiometabolic adversities in the moderation of psychiatric disorders.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <italic>Short Editorial related to the article: Sedentary Behavior, Dietary Habits, and Cardiometabolic Risk in Physically Active Children and Adolescents</italic>
          </p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
