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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">T3nvNgkTXypRrC3vGvPFnJF</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2022001301006</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20220331</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20220331</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Carta ao Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Miocardite Aguda ap&#243;s Vacina de mRNA contra a COVID-19: Uma Correspond&#234;ncia</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-0078-7897</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Mungmunpuntipantip</surname>
            <given-names>Rujittika</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Wiwanitkit</surname>
            <given-names>Viroj</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Private Academic Consultant</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Bangkok</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="TH">Tail&#226;ndia</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Pesquisador aut&#244;nomo, Bangkok &#8211; Tail&#226;ndia</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff3">
          <label>2</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Dr. DY Patil University</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Pune</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="IN">&#205;ndia</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Dr. DY Patil University, Pune &#8211; &#205;ndia</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Rujittika Mungmunpuntipantip</bold> &#8226; Private Academic Consultant, 111 Bangkok 122 Bangkok <postal-code>103300</postal-code> - Tail&#226;ndia Email: <email>rujittika@gmail.com</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>19</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="collection">
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>119</volume>
      <issue>6</issue>
      <fpage>1006</fpage>
      <lpage>1007</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xml:lang="en" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Miocardite</kwd>
        <kwd>mRNA</kwd>
        <kwd>COVID-19</kwd>
        <kwd>Vacina</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="6"/>
        <page-count count="2"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>
      <bold>Caro editor,</bold>
    </p>
    <p>Gostar&#237;amos de compartilhar ideias sobre a publica&#231;&#227;o &#8220;Miocardite aguda ap&#243;s vacina de mRNA contra a COVID-19&#8221;.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Gomes et al. examinan os potenciais efeitos colaterais da vacina&#231;&#227;o COVID-19 e o estado atual da miocardite aguda. A imuniza&#231;&#227;o para COVID-19 provavelmente causar&#225; anormalidades card&#237;acas. Concordamos que esa &#233; uma possibilidade. No entanto, deve-se notar que muitas vezes h&#225; informa&#231;&#245;es inadequadas sobre o estado de sa&#250;de/card&#237;aco dos casos problem&#225;ticos antes da imuniza&#231;&#227;o. Embora uma an&#225;lise p&#243;s-vacina&#231;&#227;o, que inclua um eletrocardiograma, possa confirmar a presen&#231;a de miocardite, &#233; imposs&#237;vel estabelecer uma liga&#231;&#227;o entre a doen&#231;a card&#237;aca e a vacina para COVID-19. Tamb&#233;m existe a possibilidade de voc&#234; ter problemas m&#233;dicos simultaneamente. A dengue, por exemplo, pode induzir problemas card&#237;acos se ocorrer concomitantemente.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup></p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>Refer&#234;ncias</title>
      <ref id="B1">
        <label>1</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Gomes</surname>
              <given-names>DA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Santos</surname>
              <given-names>RR</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Freitas</surname>
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            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Trabulo</surname>
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            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Acute Myocarditis Following mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2022</year>
          <volume>118</volume>
          <issue>4</issue>
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          <lpage>786</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20210469</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>1 Gomes DA, Santos RR, Freitas P, Paiva MS, Ferreira J, Trabulo M. Acute Myocarditis Following mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2022;118(4):783-6. doi: 10.36660/abc.20210469.</mixed-citation>
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        <label>2</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
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              <surname>Kebayoon</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Wiwanitkit</surname>
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            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Dengue after COVID-19 Vaccination: Possible and Might be Missed</article-title>
          <source>Clin Appl Thromb Hemost</source>
          <year>2021</year>
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          <comment>10760296211047229</comment>
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        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>2 Kebayoon A, Wiwanitkit V. Dengue after COVID-19 Vaccination: Possible and Might be Missed. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2021;27:10760296211047229. doi: 10.1177/10760296211047229.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="reply" id="S01" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Carta-resposta</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Carta-resposta</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6894-648X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Gomes</surname>
            <given-names>Daniel A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0881-053X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Santos</surname>
            <given-names>Rita R.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Freitas</surname>
            <given-names>Pedro</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Paiva</surname>
            <given-names>Mariana S.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5592-6199</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Ferreira</surname>
            <given-names>Jorge</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1625-1459</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Trabulo</surname>
            <given-names>Marisa</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Departamento de Cardiologia</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Hospital de Santa Cruz</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Carnaxide</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Cardiologia, Hospital de Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Carnaxide &#8211; Portugal</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>
        <bold>Caro editor,</bold>
      </p>
      <p>Agradecemos a Mungmunpuntipantip e Wiwanitkit por sua carta sobre nosso artigo intitulado &#8220; Miocardite aguda ap&#243;s vacina de mRNA contra a COVID-19&#8221;.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">1</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Concordamos que embora haja uma rela&#231;&#227;o temporal entre a vacina&#231;&#227;o e o desenvolvimento de miocardite, n&#227;o &#233; poss&#237;vel estabelecer causalidade. No entanto, ap&#243;s relatarmos este caso cl&#237;nico, foram publicadas s&#233;ries de casos de miocardite ap&#243;s a vacina BNT162b2b mRNA (Pfizer-BioNTech).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">3</xref></sup></p>
      <p>No relato de Mevorach et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">2</xref></sup> com 136 casos de miocardite p&#243;s-vacina&#231;&#227;o, o risco observado foi 2,35 vezes maior em rela&#231;&#227;o a pessoas n&#227;o vacinadas, e ocorreu um caso fatal. Em outro relato com 54 casos de Witberg et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">3</xref></sup> a incid&#234;ncia de miocardite at&#233; 42 dias ap&#243;s a vacina&#231;&#227;o foi de 2,13 por 100.000 pessoas, todas com recupera&#231;&#227;o espont&#226;nea. Em ambas as s&#233;ries, a maior incid&#234;ncia foi entre os jovens do sexo masculino.</p>
      <p>Ressalta-se que a ocorr&#234;ncia de miocardite ap&#243;s a vacina&#231;&#227;o para COVID-19 &#233; rara e autolimitada na grande maioria dos casos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">4</xref></sup> Portanto, esta suposta complica&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o altera a rela&#231;&#227;o benef&#237;cio/risco superior da vacina.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <ref-list>
        <title>Refer&#234;ncias</title>
        <ref id="B3">
          <label>1</label>
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  </sub-article>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S02" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Letter to the Editor</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Acute Myocarditis after mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine: A Correspondence</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-0078-7897</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Mungmunpuntipantip</surname>
            <given-names>Rujittika</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Wiwanitkit</surname>
            <given-names>Viroj</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff3001">
          <label>1</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Bangkok</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="TH">Thailand</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Autonomous Researcher, Bangkok &#8211; Thailand</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff4001">
          <label>2</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Pune</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="IN">India</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Dr. DY Patil University, Pune &#8211; India</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Mailing Address: Rujittika Mungmunpuntipantip</bold> &#8226; Private Academic Consultant, 111 Bangkok 122 Bangkok <postal-code>103300</postal-code> - Thailand Email: <email>rujittika@gmail.com</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Myocarditis</kwd>
        <kwd>mRNA</kwd>
        <kwd>COVID-19</kwd>
        <kwd>Vaccine</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>
        <bold>Dear Editor,</bold>
      </p>
      <p>We would like to share ideas on the publication &#8220;Acute Myocarditis Following mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine.&#8221;<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Gomes et al. examine the potential side effects of COVID-19 vaccination and the current state of acute myocarditis. COVID-19 immunization will probably cause heart abnormalities. We agree that this is a possibility. However, it should be noted that there is frequently inadequate information on the health/cardiac status of the troublesome cases before immunization. Although a post-vaccination analysis, which includes an EKG, can confirm the presence of myocarditis, it is impossible to establish a link between heart disease and the COVID-19 vaccine. There is still a potential that you will have medical issues simultaneously. Dengue fever, for example, can induce cardiac problems if it co-occurs.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">2</xref></sup></p>
    </body>
    <sub-article article-type="reply" id="S03" xml:lang="en">
      <front-stub>
        <article-categories>
          <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
            <subject>Reply</subject>
          </subj-group>
        </article-categories>
        <title-group>
          <article-title>Reply</article-title>
        </title-group>
        <contrib-group>
          <contrib contrib-type="author">
            <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6894-648X</contrib-id>
            <name>
              <surname>Gomes</surname>
              <given-names>Daniel A.</given-names>
            </name>
            <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
              <sup>1</sup>
            </xref>
          </contrib>
          <contrib contrib-type="author">
            <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0881-053X</contrib-id>
            <name>
              <surname>Santos</surname>
              <given-names>Rita R.</given-names>
            </name>
            <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
              <sup>1</sup>
            </xref>
          </contrib>
          <contrib contrib-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Freitas</surname>
              <given-names>Pedro</given-names>
            </name>
            <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
              <sup>1</sup>
            </xref>
          </contrib>
          <contrib contrib-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Paiva</surname>
              <given-names>Mariana S.</given-names>
            </name>
            <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
              <sup>1</sup>
            </xref>
          </contrib>
          <contrib contrib-type="author">
            <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5592-6199</contrib-id>
            <name>
              <surname>Ferreira</surname>
              <given-names>Jorge</given-names>
            </name>
            <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
              <sup>1</sup>
            </xref>
          </contrib>
          <contrib contrib-type="author">
            <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1625-1459</contrib-id>
            <name>
              <surname>Trabulo</surname>
              <given-names>Marisa</given-names>
            </name>
            <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
              <sup>1</sup>
            </xref>
          </contrib>
          <aff id="aff1001">
            <label>1</label>
            <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Departamento de Cardiologia</institution>
            <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Hospital de Santa Cruz</institution>
            <institution content-type="orgname">Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental</institution>
            <addr-line>
              <named-content content-type="city">Carnaxide</named-content>
            </addr-line>
            <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
            <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Cardiologia, Hospital de Santa Cruz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Carnaxide &#8211; Portugal</institution>
          </aff>
        </contrib-group>
      </front-stub>
      <body>
        <p>
          <bold>Dear Editor,</bold>
        </p>
        <p>We thank Mungmunpuntipantip and Wiwanitkit for their letter regarding our paper entitled &#8220;Acute Myocarditis Following mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine&#8221;.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">1</xref></sup></p>
        <p>We agree that although there is a temporal relationship between vaccination and the development of myocarditis, it is not possible to establish causality. However, after we reported this clinical case, case series were published regarding myocarditis following the BNT162b2b mRNA vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">3</xref></sup></p>
        <p>In the report by Mevorach et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">2</xref></sup> with 136 cases of post-vaccination myocarditis, the observed risk was 2.35 times higher compared to unvaccinated persons, and one fatal case occurred. In another report with 54 cases by Witberg et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">3</xref></sup> the incidence of myocarditis up to 42 days following vaccination was 2.13 per 100.000 persons, all experiencing spontaneous recovery. In both series, the highest incidence was amongst young males.</p>
        <p>It should be outlined that the occurrence of myocarditis following COVID-19 vaccination is rare and self-limited in the vast majority of cases.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">4</xref></sup> Therefore, this presumed complication must not alter the vaccine's superior benefit/ risk relationship.</p>
      </body>
      <back>
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    </sub-article>
  </sub-article>
</article>
