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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">4RRYGpcv6NjYDKy5Q3ygvbw</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2022001300996</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20210590</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20210590</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Carta Cient&#237;fica</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Trombose Ventricular Esquerda e Tromboembolismo Pulmonar em um Paciente de Covid-19 Assintom&#225;tico</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3477-9433</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Lorenzo</surname>
            <given-names>Natalia</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa</role>
          <role>Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados</role>
          <role>An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados</role>
          <role>Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito</role>
          <role>Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Hernandez</surname>
            <given-names>Veronica</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados</role>
          <role>An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados</role>
          <role>Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Montes</surname>
            <given-names>Alvaro</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Rivero</surname>
            <given-names>Fernando</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Reyes*</surname>
            <given-names>Guillermo</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6731-0156</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Aguilar</surname>
            <given-names>Rio</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados</role>
          <role>An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados</role>
          <role>Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito</role>
          <role>Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Universitario Infanta Cristina</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Cardiologia</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Parla</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="ES">Espanha</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital Universitario Infanta Cristina - Cardiologia, Parla &#8211; Espanha</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>2</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Universitario de la Princesa</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Cardiologia e Cirurgia Card&#237;aca</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Madrid</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="ES">Espanha</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital Universitario de la Princesa - Cardiologia e Cirurgia Card&#237;aca, Madrid &#8211; Espanha</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Rio Aguilar</bold> &#8226; Hospital Universitario de la Princesa. C/Diego de Le&#243;n, 62. Madrid <postal-code>28006</postal-code>. Espanha E-mail: <email>rioaguilartorres@gmail.com</email></corresp>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potencial conflito de interesse</bold>
          </p>
          <p>N&#227;o h&#225; conflito com o presente artigo.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>19</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="collection">
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>119</volume>
      <issue>6</issue>
      <fpage>996</fpage>
      <lpage>998</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>15</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2021</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>19</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>01</day>
          <month>06</month>
          <year>2022</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xml:lang="en" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>COVID-19/complica&#231;&#245;es</kwd>
        <kwd>SARS-COV-2</kwd>
        <kwd>Embolia Pulmonar</kwd>
        <kwd>Disfun&#231;&#227;o do Ventr&#237;culo Esquerdo</kwd>
        <kwd>Infarto do Mioc&#225;rdio</kwd>
        <kwd>S&#237;ndrome Respirat&#243;ria Aguda Grave/complica&#231;&#245;es</kwd>
        <kwd>Diagn&#243;stico por Imagem/m&#233;todos</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="4"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="11"/>
        <page-count count="3"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>A COVID-19 (doen&#231;a do coronav&#237;rus) &#233; a s&#237;ndrome associada &#224; infec&#231;&#227;o s&#237;ndrome respirat&#243;ria aguda grave coronav&#237;rus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Embora a insufici&#234;ncia respirat&#243;ria seja a caracter&#237;stica mais aparente da doen&#231;a, a trombose venosa e arterial s&#227;o complica&#231;&#245;es bem reconhecidas. Sabe-se que pacientes de COVID-19 ativam v&#225;rias respostas inflamat&#243;rias e coagulat&#243;rias sist&#234;micas que s&#227;o vitais para a defesa do hospedeiro, mas podem levar a situa&#231;&#245;es delet&#233;rias, principalmente para os pacientes internados em unidades de terapia intensiva. Este relato de caso apresenta m&#250;ltiplos eventos emb&#243;licos com trombose do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo e coincid&#234;ncia de tromboembolismo pulmonar em um paciente com infec&#231;&#227;o por COVID-19 assintom&#225;tica e sem doen&#231;a cardiovascular preexistente.</p>
    <sec>
      <title>Carta Cient&#237;fica</title>
      <p>Um homem de 48 anos chegou ao atendimento de emerg&#234;ncia com dor abdominal e v&#244;mito com dura&#231;&#227;o de 12 horas. O paciente teve um hist&#243;rico de trombose venosa porto-espl&#234;nica dez anos antes da admiss&#227;o, foi tratado por 6 meses com anticoagula&#231;&#227;o oral e considera-se que isso se devia a uma defici&#234;ncia moderada de prote&#237;na C, que n&#227;o foi confirmada em exames laboratoriais subsequentes. Os sinais vitais estavam normais; ele estava afebril e n&#227;o houve achados significativos no exame f&#237;sico, exceto por dor no lado esquerdo &#224; apalpa&#231;&#227;o. O teste de rea&#231;&#227;o em cadeia da polimerase via transcriptase reversa (RT-PCR) para COVID-19 foi negativo. Os exames de sangue mostraram eleva&#231;&#227;o significativa dos reagentes de fase aguda (prote&#237;na C reativa: 138,3 mg/L, fibrinog&#234;nio &gt; 500 mg/dL e leuc&#243;citos 12,99 10^3/<italic>&#956;</italic>L). Os par&#226;metros de coagula&#231;&#227;o estavam dentro da faixa normal: o tempo de protrombina (TP) foi de 12,1 segundos, o tempo de tromboplastina parcial (PTT) foi de 36,3 segundos, a atividade de protrombina (AP) foi de 86%, a raz&#227;o normalizada internacional (RNI) 1,08 e plaquetas 326.000/<italic>&#956;</italic>L.</p>
      <p>O ultrassom abdominal n&#227;o revelou achados relevantes, e, portanto, foi realizada uma tomografia computadorizada (TC). A TC abdominal encontrou m&#250;ltiplos infartos no rim direito (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figura 1A</xref>) e isolados no ba&#231;o (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figura 1B</xref>). Al&#233;m disso, observou-se um defeito de enchimento no ventr&#237;culo esquerdo (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figura 2A</xref>). O ecocardiograma transtor&#225;cico confirmou a presen&#231;a de uma massa m&#243;vel hiperecog&#234;nica e homog&#234;nea (3,1 x 2 cm) com bordas regulares (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figuras 2A</xref>, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">2B</xref>, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">2C</xref>), ancorado ao ter&#231;o intermedi&#225;rio do septo do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo (VE). A anatomia do VE estava normal, com dimens&#245;es normais e fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o normal sem anormalidades na movimenta&#231;&#227;o da parede.</p>
      <fig id="f1">
        <label>Figura 1</label>
        <caption>
          <title>A) Tomografia computadorizada (TC) abdominal. Infarto do rim direito (seta). B) TC abdominal. Infarto no ba&#231;o). C) TC cerebral. Les&#227;o isqu&#234;mica na jun&#231;&#227;o parieto-occipital direita (seta). D) TC do t&#243;rax. Defeito de enchimento originado na art&#233;ria pulmonar principal direita (seta).</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-119-06-0996-10590-gf01.tif"/></fig>
      <fig id="f2">
        <label>Figura 2</label>
        <caption>
          <title>A) TC do t&#243;rax. Defeito de enchimento no ventr&#237;culo esquerdo (seta). B) Ecocardiograma transtor&#225;cico 2D. Vista de 4 eixos Massa hiperecog&#234;nica pedunculada (seta). C) Ecocardiograma transtor&#225;cico 2D. A massa (seta) em vista de eixo curto. D) Ecocardiograma transtor&#225;cico 3D. Massa ancorada no septo do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo (seta). E) Ecocardiograma transesof&#225;gico 2D. Vista de 4 c&#226;maras. Massa ancorada no septo do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo (seta). F) Trombo no ramo pulmonar direito (seta). G) Pe&#231;a cir&#250;rgica retirada do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo. H) Anatomia patol&#243;gica do trombo.</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-119-06-0996-10590-gf02.tif"/></fig>
      <p>A TC do t&#243;rax tamb&#233;m revelou tromboembolismo pulmonar, sem um efeito de enchimento originado na art&#233;ria pulmonar principal direito (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figura 1C</xref>), associado a infarto pulmonar no l&#243;bulo superior direito; e a TC cerebral detectou uma les&#227;o isqu&#234;mica subaguda na jun&#231;&#227;o parieto-occipital (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figura 1D</xref>). Com o diagn&#243;stico do tromboembolismo pulmonar e provavelmente de trombo no ventr&#237;culo esquerdo com m&#250;ltiplas les&#245;es emb&#243;licas, o paciente foi submetido a cirurgia card&#237;aca para retirar a massa. Embora o eletrocardiograma estivesse normal e as troponinas card&#237;acas estivessem dentro da faixa normal, foi realizada uma angiografia coron&#225;ria invasiva no pr&#233;-operat&#243;rio, que n&#227;o revelou doen&#231;a arterial coronariana ateroscler&#243;tico ou embolia coron&#225;ria. O ecocardiograma transesof&#225;gico intraoperat&#243;rio mostrou dilata&#231;&#227;o do tronco pulmonar, com a presen&#231;a de uma imagem compat&#237;vel com trombo no ramo pulmonar direito (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figura 2F</xref>). Al&#233;m disso, a comunica&#231;&#227;o interatrial e o forame oval patente foram exclu&#237;dos ap&#243;s uma ecografia com contraste com microbolhas. Foi realizado um novo teste RT-PCR para COVID-19 2 dias ap&#243;s a admiss&#227;o hospitalar, com resultado positivo (variante Alfa [B.1.1.7], comumente chamada de variante brit&#226;nica). Ap&#243;s alguns dias a presen&#231;a da COVID-19 foi confirmada no IgG. O paciente n&#227;o teve sintomas de infec&#231;&#227;o e nenhum momento. A maioria da massa pode ser retirada com cirurgia (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figura 2G</xref>), e a anatomia patol&#243;gica confirmou que era um trombo (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figura 2H</xref>). A evolu&#231;&#227;o subsequente foi favor&#225;vel na anticoagula&#231;&#227;o com enoxaparina. Novos exames laboratoriais para avaliar a presen&#231;a de uma coagulopatia mostraram defici&#234;ncia leve de prote&#237;na C.</p>
      <p>A presen&#231;a de trombos card&#237;acos no ventr&#237;culo esquerdo &#233; uma condi&#231;&#227;o comum em pacientes com infarto do mioc&#225;rdio (IM) (15-25%) e no surgimento de cardiomiopatia dilatada (at&#233; 36%) quando detectada com as modalidades de imagens ideais.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> Entretanto, h&#225; apenas relatos epis&#243;dicos em VE com estrutura normal, mesmo na presen&#231;a de uma trombofilia.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>&#8211;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup></p>
      <p>A coagulopatia, na forma de trombose venosa e arterial, &#233; uma das sequelas mais graves da infec&#231;&#227;o por SARS-CoV-2, e foi associada a resultados ruins. Relat&#243;rios de alta incid&#234;ncia de trombose, apesar do uso de anticoagulante em doses profil&#225;ticas e terap&#234;uticas levantam perguntas sobre uma fisiopatologia exclusiva da COVID-19. As hip&#243;teses propostas incluem uma resposta inflamat&#243;ria gravemente aumentada que leva &#224; trombo-inflama&#231;&#227;o, por mecanismos tais como as tempestades de citocina, ativa&#231;&#227;o do complemento e endotelite.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>&#8211;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> Tamb&#233;m j&#225; se sugeriu que o pr&#243;prio v&#237;rus tem a possibilidade de ativar a cascata de coagula&#231;&#227;o.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Embora a trombose seja frequentemente vista no cen&#225;rio de pacientes com COVID-19 que est&#227;o em um est&#225;gio cr&#237;tico da doen&#231;a, eventos tromboemb&#243;licos importantes s&#227;o raros em pacientes assintom&#225;ticos e infec&#231;&#245;es leves.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> Entretanto, at&#233; onde sabemos, n&#227;o h&#225; relatos anteriores de trombose em v&#225;rios locais, incluindo trombos no VE, em pacientes completamente assintom&#225;ticos do ponto de vista da infec&#231;&#227;o sem doen&#231;a cardiovascular preexistente. Acreditamos que, em nosso paciente, a presen&#231;a de uma coagulopatia pr&#233;via teve um papel relevante nessa forma rara de apresenta&#231;&#227;o em um paciente com COVID-19.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="supported-by" id="fn1">
        <p>
          <bold>Fontes de financiamento</bold>
        </p>
        <p>O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other" id="fn2">
        <p>
          <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica</bold>
        </p>
        <p>N&#227;o h&#225; vincula&#231;&#227;o deste estudo a programas de p&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other" id="fn3">
        <p>
          <bold>Aprova&#231;&#227;o &#233;tica e consentimento informado</bold>
        </p>
        <p>Este artigo n&#227;o cont&#233;m estudos com humanos ou animais realizados por nenhum dos autores.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
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  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S01" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Letter</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Left Ventricular Thrombosis and Pulmonary Thromboembolism in an Asymptomatic Covid-19 Patient</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3477-9433</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Lorenzo</surname>
            <given-names>Natalia</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Conception and design of the research</role>
          <role>Acquisition of data</role>
          <role>Analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
          <role>Writing of the manuscript</role>
          <role>Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Hernandez</surname>
            <given-names>Veronica</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Acquisition of data</role>
          <role>Analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
          <role>Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Montes</surname>
            <given-names>Alvaro</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Acquisition of data</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Rivero</surname>
            <given-names>Fernando</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Acquisition of data</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Reyes*</surname>
            <given-names>Guillermo</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Acquisition of data</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6731-0156</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Aguilar</surname>
            <given-names>Rio</given-names>
          </name>
          <role>Acquisition of data</role>
          <role>Analysis and interpretation of the data</role>
          <role>Writing of the manuscript</role>
          <role>Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content</role>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff3">
          <label>1</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Parla</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="ES">Spain</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital Universitario Infanta Cristina - Cardiologia, Parla &#8211; Spain</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff4">
          <label>2</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Madrid</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="ES">Spain</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital Universitario de la Princesa - Cardiologia e Cirurgia Card&#237;aca, Madrid &#8211; Spain</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Mailing Address: Rio Aguilar</bold> &#8226; R&#237;o Aguilar. mailing adress. Hospital Universitario de la Princesa. Calle Diego de Le&#243;n, 62. Madrid <postal-code>28006</postal-code>. Spain. E-mail: <email>rioaguilartorres@gmail.com</email></corresp>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold>
          </p>
          <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>COVID-19/complications</kwd>
        <kwd>SARS-COV-2</kwd>
        <kwd>Pulmonary Embolism</kwd>
        <kwd>Ventricular Dysfunction Left</kwd>
        <kwd>Infarction, Myocardial</kwd>
        <kwd>Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome/complications</kwd>
        <kwd>Diagnostic, Imaging/methods</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>COVID-19 (coronavirus disease) is the clinical syndrome associated with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Although respiratory failure is the most apparent feature of the disease, venous and arterial thrombosis are well-recognized complications. COVID-19 patients are known to activate multiple systemic coagulation and inflammatory responses that are vital for host defense but can lead to deleterious situations, mainly in those admitted to the intensive care units. We report here a case of multiple embolic events with left ventricular thrombosis and co-incidence of pulmonary thromboembolism in a patient with asymptomatic COVID-19 infection and no pre-existing cardiovascular disease.</p>
      <sec>
        <title>Research Letter</title>
        <p>A 48-year-old-man presented to the emergency room with abdominal pain and vomiting of 12-hour duration. He had a history of porto-splenic venous thrombosis ten years before admission that was treated with 6 months of oral anticoagulation and felt to be due to moderate protein C deficiency, which was not confirmed in subsequent laboratory tests. Vital signs were normal, he was afebrile and no remarkable findings were found on physical examination except for pain on palpation in the left flank. The reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test for COVID-19 was negative. Blood tests showed significant elevation of acute phase reactants (c-reactive protein: 138.3 mg/L, fibrinogen &gt; 500mg/dL and leukocites 12.99 10^3/<italic>&#956;</italic>L). Coagulation parameters where in normal range: phrotrombin time (PT) 12.1 seconds, partial thromboplastin time (PTT) 36.3 seconds, prothrombin activity (PA) 86%, international normalized ratio (INR) 1.08 and platelets 326.000/<italic>&#956;</italic>L.</p>
        <p>The abdominal ultrasound-scan did not show releant findings, so a computed tomography (CT) scan study was completed. CT abdominal scan found multiple infarcts in the right kidney (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f3">Figure 1A</xref>) and isolated in spleen (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f3">Figure 1B</xref>), furthermore, a filling defect in the left ventricle was observed (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f4">Figure 2A</xref>). Transthoracic echocardiogram confirmed the presence of a pedunculated hyperechogenic and homogeneous mobile mass (3.1x2cm) with regular borders (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figures 2A</xref>, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">2B</xref>, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">2C</xref>), anchored to the middle third of the septum of left ventricle (LV). Anatomy of LV was normal, with normal dimensions and normal ejection fraction without wall motion abnormalities.</p>
        <fig id="f3">
          <label>Figure 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>A) Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan. Infarct in the right kidney (arrow). B) Abdominal CT Scan. Infart in the spleen). C) Cerebral CT Scan. Ischemic lesion in the right parieto-occipital junction (arrow). D) Chest CT Scan. Filling defect originating from the right main pulmonary artery (arrow).</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-119-06-0996-10590-gf01-en.tif"/></fig>
        <fig id="f4">
          <label>Figure 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>A) Chest computed tomography (CT) Scan. Filling defect in the left ventricle (arrow). B) 2D-Transthoracic echocardiogram. 4-axis-view. Pedunculated hyperechogenic mass (arrow). C) 2D-Transthoracic echocardiogram. The mass (arrow) in short-axis-view. D) 3D-Transthoracic echocardiogram. Mass anchored to the septum of left ventricle (arrow). E) 2D-Transesophageal echocardiogram. 4-chamber-view. Mass anchored to the septum of left ventricle (arrow). F) Thrombus in the right pulmonary branch (arrow). G) Surgical piece removed from the left ventricle. H) Pathological anatomy of the thrombus.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-119-06-0996-10590-gf02-en.tif"/></fig>
        <p>CT chest scan also revealed pulmonary thromboembolism, with a filling defect originating from the right main pulmonary artery (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f3">Figure 1C</xref>), associated with pulmonary infarction in the right upper lobe; and brain CT found a subacute ischemic lesion in the right parieto-occipital junction (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f3">Figure 1D</xref>). With the diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism and probably left ventricular thrombus with multiple embolic lesions, the patient underwent cardiac surgery to remove the mass. Although electrocardiogram was normal and cardiac troponins were in normal range, an invasive coronary angiogram was performed preoperatively, and revealed no atherosclerotic coronary artery disease or coronary embolism. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiogram showed dilation of the pulmonary trunk, with the presence of an image compatible with thrombus in the right pulmonary branch (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f4">Figure 2F</xref>), in addition, interatrial communication and patent foramen ovale were ruled out after negative echo bubble study. 2 days after admission, a new RT-PCR test for COVID-19 was done, with a positive result (Alpha variant [B.1.1.7], commonly known as the British variant). A few days later the presence of COVID-19 IgG was confirmed. The patient had no infectious symptoms at any time. The majority of the mass could be removed with surgery (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f4">Figure 2G</xref>), and pathological anatomy confirmed that it was thrombus (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f4">Figure 2H</xref>). The subsequent evolution was favorable under anticoagulation with enoxaparin. New laboratory tests to assess the presence of a coagulopathy disorder showed mild protein C deficiency.</p>
        <p>The presence of cardiac left ventricular thrombus is a relatively common condition in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) (15-25%) and in the setting of dilated cardiomyopathy (up to 36%) when detected with optimal imaging modalities.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> However, there are only anecdotal reports in structurally normal LV even in the presence of a thrombophilia.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>&#8211;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup></p>
        <p>Coagulopathy, in the form of venous and arterial thrombosis, is one of the most severe sequelae of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, and has been associated with poor outcomes. Reports of a high incidence of thrombosis despite prophylactic and therapeutic dose anticoagulation raise question about a pathophysiology unique to COVID-19. Proposed hypotheses include a severely heightened inflammatory response that leads to thrombo-inflammation, through mechanisms such as cytokine storm, complement activation, and endothelitis.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>&#8211;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> It has also been suggested that the virus itself can possibly activate the coagulation cascade.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup></p>
        <p>Though thrombosis is frequently seen in the setting of critically ill COVID 19 patients, major thromboembolic events are rare in patients with asymptomatic or mild infections.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no previous reports of thrombosis in multiple locations, including LV thrombi, in a completely asymptomatic patient from the infectious point of view without pre-existing cardiovascular disease. We believe that in our patient, the presence of a previous coagulopathy, has played a relevant role in this rare form of presentation of a patient with COVID-19.</p>
      </sec>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="supported-by" id="fn4">
          <p>
            <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
          </p>
          <p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other" id="fn5">
          <p>
            <bold>Study Association</bold>
          </p>
          <p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other" id="fn6">
          <p>
            <bold>Ethics approval and consent to participate</bold>
          </p>
          <p>This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
