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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">f6W6FdfTPw7j6FrytvwR5KQ</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2022001000562</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20220596</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20220596</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>A A&#231;&#227;o da Bebida Energ&#233;tica na Frequ&#234;ncia Card&#237;aca de Recupera&#231;&#227;o Independe da Capacidade Funcional</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Dutra</surname>
            <given-names>Rodrigo Freire</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Marques</surname>
            <given-names>Francisco Eberth Marinho</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-9852-3293</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Matos</surname>
            <given-names>Luciana Diniz Nagem Janot de</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label> 1 </label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original"> Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein , S&#227;o Paulo , SP &#8211; Brazil </institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01">Correspond&#234;ncia: Luciana Diniz Nagem Janot de Matos &#8226; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein - Centro de Reabilita&#231;&#227;o - Av. Albert Einstein, 627, bloco D, 3&#186; andar. CEP 05651-901, Centro de Reabilita&#231;&#227;o, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil E-mail: <email>lucianajanot@einstein.br</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>21</day>
        <month>10</month>
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>10</month>
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>119</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <fpage>562</fpage>
      <lpage>563</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Bebidas Energ&#233;ticas</kwd>
        <kwd>Suplementos Nutricionais</kwd>
        <kwd>Sistema Nervoso Aut&#244;nomo</kwd>
        <kwd>Sistema Cardiovascular</kwd>
        <kwd>Exerc&#237;cio</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="15"/>
        <page-count count="2"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>O consumo de bebidas energ&#233;ticas (BE) cafeinadas tem aumentado de forma consider&#225;vel nos &#250;ltimos anos. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Aumento da capacidade de concentra&#231;&#227;o, ganho de rendimento no trabalho e aumento de performance na atividade f&#237;sica s&#227;o algumas das raz&#245;es que levam a busca da bebida. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Durante a pandemia, com as mudan&#231;as na rotina impostas pela necessidade de isolamento social, relatou-se um aumento na ingesta de BE em alguns trabalhos. Houve tamb&#233;m maior consumo na popula&#231;&#227;o jovem motivada por fatores como melhor desempenho em esportes e capacidade de concentra&#231;&#227;o. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Doses de cafe&#237;na de at&#233; 400 mg/dia ou at&#233; 200 mg em dose &#250;nica s&#227;o consideradas seguras do ponto de vista cardiovascular. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> No entanto, com frequ&#234;ncia adicionam-se subst&#226;ncias como taurina, guaran&#225;, vitaminas e minerais que podem potencializar o efeito da BE e, consequentemente, aumentar o risco de eventos adversos. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Fletcher et al., <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> publicaram em 2017 que a ingesta de 32 oz. (946 ml) de BE contendo 320 mg de cafe&#237;na levou a um aumento estatisticamente significativo do intervalo QTc e press&#227;o arterial sist&#243;lica quando comparado a ingesta isolada de cafe&#237;na na mesma quantidade (320 mg). <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Outros trabalhos mostraram eventos adversos como fibrila&#231;&#227;o atrial, fibrila&#231;&#227;o ventricular e eleva&#231;&#227;o de segmento ST relacionados ao consumo da BE. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup></p>
    <p>A magnitude da queda da frequ&#234;ncia card&#237;aca (FC) no primeiro minuto da fase de recupera&#231;&#227;o p&#243;s teste de esfor&#231;o f&#237;sico reflete a capacidade de reativa&#231;&#227;o do sistema nervoso aut&#244;nomo parassimp&#225;tico ap&#243;s exerc&#237;cio. Esse par&#226;metro &#233; preditor importante de risco cardiovascular e de progn&#243;stico. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> A variabilidade da frequ&#234;ncia card&#237;aca (VFC) tamb&#233;m &#233; um importante meio de avalia&#231;&#227;o do funcionamento do sistema nervoso aut&#244;nomo de forma n&#227;o invasiva. Estudos anteriores analisaram o efeito da BE e da cafe&#237;na em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; recupera&#231;&#227;o da FC e da VFC ap&#243;s exerc&#237;cio f&#237;sico. Em alguns trabalhos utilizando 300-400 mg de cafe&#237;na antes do exerc&#237;cio houve um retardo na reativa&#231;&#227;o parassimp&#225;tica na fase de recupera&#231;&#227;o. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> Tais achados, no entanto, ainda s&#227;o divergentes na literatura. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Em trabalho anterior do grupo, Porto et al., <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref></sup> analisaram o efeito da BE antes da atividade f&#237;sica e n&#227;o encontraram diferen&#231;as no controle auton&#244;mico da FC na fase de recupera&#231;&#227;o ap&#243;s exerc&#237;cio aer&#243;bico subm&#225;ximo. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Neste trabalho mais recente, Porto et al., <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref></sup> avaliaram o impacto da BE na VFC e na recupera&#231;&#227;o da FC ap&#243;s exerc&#237;cio em indiv&#237;duos com diferentes capacidades cardiorrespirat&#243;rias. Apesar de utilizar protocolo semelhante ao estudo anterior, desta vez o grupo encontrou impacto da BE tanto naqueles com alta como com baixa capacidade cardiorrespirat&#243;ria. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; metodologia, consideramos que o trabalho apresenta pontos fortes que foram a utiliza&#231;&#227;o de um protocolo randomizado, <italic>crossover</italic> e duplo-cego, que contribu&#237;ram para a diminui&#231;&#227;o dos vieses. Um par&#226;metro importante, no entanto, que poderia ter sido analisado seria a FC no pico do esfor&#231;o f&#237;sico e a sua compara&#231;&#227;o com a FC ao final do primeiro minuto de recupera&#231;&#227;o. Esse indicador refor&#231;aria os achados da VFC na avalia&#231;&#227;o da reativa&#231;&#227;o vagal e seu fator progn&#243;stico. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Importante relatar que o trabalho utilizou 250 ml de BE contendo 32 mg de cafe&#237;na. Esse volume est&#225; abaixo do descrito em trabalhos anteriores mostrando efeitos arritmog&#234;nicos da BE e com dose de cafe&#237;na bastante abaixo da m&#225;xima considerada segura. Atualmente existem diversos compostos energ&#233;ticos sol&#250;veis e em c&#225;psulas que utilizam doses de 100 a 200 mg de cafe&#237;na associados a outras subst&#226;ncias potencializadoras do seu efeito.</p>
    <p>Outro importante ponto a ser levantado &#233; que a cafe&#237;na pode apresentar efeito de toler&#226;ncia ap&#243;s uso prolongado. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref></sup> Isso pode levar a um consumo maior e consequentemente maior potencial de efeitos colaterais ao longo do tempo.</p>
    <p>A ingesta excessiva de BE pode provocar diversos efeitos adversos do ponto de vista cardiovascular. Seu consumo mais frequente, al&#233;m do aumento no consumo em jovens merece aten&#231;&#227;o, principalmente quando associado a outras subst&#226;ncias. Trabalhos futuros avaliando subst&#226;ncias energ&#233;ticas dispon&#237;veis em c&#225;psulas ou sol&#250;veis contendo doses maiores de cafe&#237;na, seus efeitos em pessoas sedent&#225;rias e o impacto tamb&#233;m em mulheres seriam de grande import&#226;ncia.</p>
  </body>
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    </ref-list>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <italic>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Efeitos Agudos da Bebida Energ&#233;tica sobre Par&#226;metros Auton&#244;micos e Cardiovasculares em Indiv&#237;duos com Diferentes Capacidades Cardiorrespirat&#243;rias: Um Ensaio Controlado, Randomizado, Crossover e Duplo Cego</italic>
        </p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>The Action of the Energy Drink on the Recovery Heart Rate is Independent of the Functional Capacity</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Dutra</surname>
            <given-names>Rodrigo Freire</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Marques</surname>
            <given-names>Francisco Eberth Marinho</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-9852-3293</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Matos</surname>
            <given-names>Luciana Diniz Nagem Janot de</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1001">
        <label>1</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01001">Mailing Address: Luciana Diniz Nagem Janot de Matos &#8226; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein - Centro de Reabilita&#231;&#227;o - Av. Albert Einstein, 627, bloco D, 3&#186; andar. Postal Code 05651-901, Centro de Reabilita&#231;&#227;o, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil E-mail: lucianajanot@einstein.br</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Energy Drinks</kwd>
        <kwd>Dietary Supplements</kwd>
        <kwd>Autonomc Nervous System</kwd>
        <kwd>Cardiovascular System</kwd>
        <kwd>Exercise</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>The consumption of caffeinated energy drinks (ED) has increased considerably in recent years.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Increased ability to concentrate, gain in work performance and increased performance in physical activity are some of the reasons that lead to the search for the drink.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup></p>
      <p>During the pandemic, with changes in routine imposed by the need for social isolation, some works reported an increase in ED intake. There was also greater consumption in the young population motivated by factors such as better performance in sports and the ability to concentrate.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Caffeine doses of up to 400 mg/day or up to 200 mg in a single dose are considered safe from a cardiovascular point of view.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> However, substances such as taurine, guarana, vitamins, and minerals are often added that can potentiate the effect of the ED and, consequently, increase the risk of adverse events.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Fletcher et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> published in 2017 that the intake of 32 oz. (946 ml) of an ED containing 320 mg of caffeine led to a statistically significant increase in QTc interval and systolic blood pressure when compared to caffeine intake alone in the same amount (320 mg).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Other studies have shown adverse events such as atrial fibrillation, ventricular fibrillation and ST-segment elevation related to ED consumption.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup></p>
      <p>The magnitude of the heart rate (HR) drops in the first minute of the post-exercise test recovery phase reflects the ability of the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system to reactivate after exercise. This parameter is an important predictor of cardiovascular risk and prognosis.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> Heart rate variability (HRV) is also an important means of non-invasively assessing the functioning of the autonomic nervous system. Previous studies have analyzed the effect of ED and caffeine on HR and HRV recovery after physical exercise. In some studies using 300-400 mg of caffeine before exercise, there was a delay in parasympathetic reactivation in the recovery phase.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> Such findings, however, are still divergent in the literature.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup></p>
      <p>In previous work by the group, Porto et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref></sup> analyzed the effect of the ED before physical activity and found no differences in the autonomic control of HR in the recovery phase after submaximal aerobic exercise.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref></sup></p>
      <p>In this most recent work, Porto et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref></sup> evaluated the impact of ED on HRV and HR recovery after exercise in individuals with different cardiorespiratory capacities. Despite using a protocol similar to the previous study, this time, the group found an impact of the ED in both those with high and low cardiorespiratory capacity.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Regarding the methodology, we consider that the work has strong points, that were the use of a randomized, crossover and double-blind protocol, which contributed to the reduction of biases. An important parameter that could have been analyzed would be the HR at the peak of the physical effort and its comparison with the HR at the end of the first minute of recovery. This indicator would reinforce the HRV findings in the assessment of vagal reactivation and its prognostic factor.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup></p>
      <p>It is important to report that the study used a 250 ml ED containing 32 mg of caffeine. This volume is below that described in previous studies showing arrhythmogenic effects of the ED and with a dose of caffeine well below the maximum considered safe. Currently, several soluble energy compounds and capsules use doses of 100 to 200 mg of caffeine associated with other substances that enhance their effect.</p>
      <p>Another important point is that caffeine may be tolerable after prolonged use.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref></sup> This can lead to higher consumption and, consequently, greater potential for side effects over time.</p>
      <p>Excessive intake of ED can cause several adverse effects from a cardiovascular point of view. Its more frequent consumption, in addition to the increase in consumption in young people, deserves attention, especially when associated with other substances. Future work evaluating energy substances available in capsules or soluble containing higher doses of caffeine, their effects on sedentary people and the impact on women would be of great importance.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <italic>Short Editorial related to the article: Acute Effects of Energy Drink on Autonomic and Cardiovascular Parameters Recovery in Individuals with Different Cardiorespiratory Fitness: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind and Placebo-Controlled Trial</italic>
          </p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
