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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">cPr7KTSJ398GBw5bMsHgyGw</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2022000700067</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20220368</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20220368</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Os N&#237;veis de Atividade F&#237;sica Mudam ao Longo do Tempo em Indiv&#237;duos com Doen&#231;a Arterial Perif&#233;rica</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Pereira</surname>
            <given-names>Alexandre</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6327-1428</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Franzoni</surname>
            <given-names>Leandro</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Programa de P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de: Cardiologia e Ci&#234;ncias Cardiovasculares</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RS</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul &#8211; Programa de P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de: Cardiologia e Ci&#234;ncias Cardiovasculares, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>2</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Ambulat&#243;rio de Cirurgia Vascular</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RS</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre &#8211; Ambulat&#243;rio de Cirurgia Vascular, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Leandro Franzoni</bold> &#8226; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul &#8211; Rua Itabora&#237;, 683. CEP <postal-code>90040-060</postal-code>, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brasil E-mail: <email>franzoni_77@hotmail.com</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>11</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="collection">
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>119</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>67</fpage>
      <lpage>68</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xml:lang="en" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Atividade F&#237;sica</kwd>
        <kwd>Doen&#231;a Arterial Perif&#233;rica</kwd>
        <kwd>Acelera&#231;&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Velocidade</kwd>
        <kwd>Caminhada</kwd>
        <kwd>Exerc&#237;cio</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="10"/>
        <page-count count="2"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>A atividade f&#237;sica desempenha um papel fundamental na melhora da capacidade funcional e da fun&#231;&#227;o cardiovascular na doen&#231;a arterial perif&#233;rica (DAP).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Existe rela&#231;&#227;o direta entre a melhora do consumo de oxig&#234;nio de pico (VO<sub>2</sub>pico) e a redu&#231;&#227;o do risco de mortalidade; al&#233;m disso, a melhora dos sintomas relacionados &#224; claudica&#231;&#227;o intermitente proporciona melhor qualidade de vida (QV).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> No entanto, a avalia&#231;&#227;o do n&#237;vel de atividade f&#237;sica &#233; frequentemente realizada em estudos transversais, mostrando que um maior n&#237;vel de atividade f&#237;sica est&#225; correlacionado com maior capacidade funcional, por exemplo. No entanto, os estudos n&#227;o consideram a exposi&#231;&#227;o em um determinado per&#237;odo, deixando em aberto se h&#225; altera&#231;&#245;es nos par&#226;metros de risco cardiovascular e n&#237;veis de atividade f&#237;sica nesses indiv&#237;duos ap&#243;s um acompanhamento. &#201; o que Cucato et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> analisaram nesta edi&#231;&#227;o dos Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia.</p>
    <p>Inicialmente, traremos as quest&#245;es metodol&#243;gicas do estudo, que teve in&#237;cio em 2015 e incluiu, na primeira fase, 268 pacientes. Ap&#243;s 2 anos de seguimento, 72 pacientes foram reavaliados na segunda fase. Diferentes par&#226;metros de risco cardiovascular e n&#237;veis de atividade f&#237;sica foram avaliados usando um aceler&#244;metro triaxial GT3X+ (Actigraph, Pensacola, FL, EUA). Aqui &#233; importante destacar o primeiro ponto positivo, que foi o uso de um aceler&#244;metro para controlar os n&#237;veis de atividade f&#237;sica, pois muitos estudos utilizam um question&#225;rio para controlar o n&#237;vel de atividade f&#237;sica.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> Todos os pacientes foram orientados a usar o aceler&#244;metro por 7 dias consecutivos, removendo-o apenas para dormir ou tomar banho. O aparelho foi fixado no lado direito do quadril e, para an&#225;lise, foi necess&#225;rio um m&#237;nimo de 10 horas de registro di&#225;rio de atividade f&#237;sica. Foram considerados v&#225;lidos aqueles que tiveram pelo menos 4 dias de atividade, 3 dias de semana e 1 dia de final de semana. Valorizamos muito essa parte, pois &#233; um m&#233;todo simples que nos fornece informa&#231;&#245;es de alt&#237;ssima qualidade. Entre os diferentes par&#226;metros de risco cardiovascular, podemos destacar a press&#227;o arterial, a modula&#231;&#227;o auton&#244;mica card&#237;aca e a rigidez arterial. Enquanto a capacidade funcional foi avaliada atrav&#233;s do teste de caminhada de 6 minutos. Apesar de ser um teste extremamente seguro, eficaz e reprodut&#237;vel, apresenta limita&#231;&#245;es, e aqui fica uma sugest&#227;o para estudos futuros que avaliem o VO<sub>2</sub>pico e suas vari&#225;veis por meio de um teste espec&#237;fico utilizando o protocolo de Gardner.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>&#8211;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Em rela&#231;&#227;o aos resultados, podemos destacar que os pacientes reduziram seus n&#237;veis de atividade f&#237;sica total durante esses 2 anos (2,257 &#177; 774,5 min/semana pr&#233; versus 2,041 &#177; 676,2 min/semana p&#243;s, p = 0,001). Algo importante e preocupante &#233; que o &#237;ndice tornozelo-braquial (ITB) tamb&#233;m foi significativamente reduzido ap&#243;s o seguimento de dois anos (0,62 &#177; 0,20 pr&#233; versus 0,54 &#177; 0,20, p = 0,003). Por que esse resultado &#233; preocupante? Alguns estudos mostram que o ITB &#233; um marcador progn&#243;stico em indiv&#237;duos com DAP; combinando isso com a redu&#231;&#227;o dos n&#237;veis de atividade f&#237;sica, teremos um cen&#225;rio alarmante para essa popula&#231;&#227;o. No presente estudo, a QV n&#227;o foi avaliada; entretanto, em um cen&#225;rio de piora de diferentes par&#226;metros, podemos especular que esses indiv&#237;duos provavelmente pioraram sua QV. Do ponto de vista dos par&#226;metros cardiovasculares, destacamos a piora da variabilidade da frequ&#234;ncia card&#237;aca medida pelo desvio padr&#227;o dos intervalos RR (p &lt; 0,001).</p>
    <p>Um dos pontos que chama muito a aten&#231;&#227;o &#233; que n&#227;o foi mencionado se os indiv&#237;duos da linha de base participaram de algum programa de treinamento f&#237;sico, pois o grupo de pesquisa do Dr. Cucato &#233; refer&#234;ncia no Brasil e uma das refer&#234;ncias no mundo em reabilita&#231;&#227;o de DAP.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> Muitas vezes, quando os indiv&#237;duos participam de um programa de reabilita&#231;&#227;o, aumentam seus n&#237;veis de atividade f&#237;sica di&#225;ria. No entanto, ao final do programa, a tend&#234;ncia &#233; reduzir seus n&#237;veis de atividade f&#237;sica.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> A mensagem do artigo &#233; muito clara e nos faz pensar na import&#226;ncia do acompanhamento desses indiv&#237;duos ao longo do tempo. A DAP acaba sendo uma doen&#231;a subdiagnosticada; ou seja, os indiv&#237;duos apresentam sintomas, mas muitas vezes n&#227;o se importam, chegando a um n&#237;vel cr&#237;tico que gera diversas consequ&#234;ncias negativas, como redu&#231;&#227;o da capacidade funcional, piora da QV e piora dos par&#226;metros cardiovasculares. Novos estudos devem ser desenhados a priori para um longo acompanhamento desses indiv&#237;duos para que tenhamos mais informa&#231;&#245;es sobre a evolu&#231;&#227;o da doen&#231;a e quais benef&#237;cios um maior n&#237;vel de atividade f&#237;sica pode proporcionar.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other" id="fn1">
        <p>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Altera&#231;&#245;es Longitudinais nos N&#237;veis de Atividade F&#237;sica e Par&#226;metros de Risco Cardiovascular em Pacientes com Doen&#231;a Arterial Perif&#233;rica Sintom&#225;tica</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
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  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S01" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Physical Activity Levels Change Over Time in Individuals with Peripheral Arterial Disease</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Pereira</surname>
            <given-names>Alexandre</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6327-1428</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Franzoni</surname>
            <given-names>Leandro</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff3">
          <label>1</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RS</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul &#8211; Programa de P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de: Cardiologia e Ci&#234;ncias Cardiovasculares, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff4">
          <label>2</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RS</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre &#8211; Ambulat&#243;rio de Cirurgia Vascular, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Mailing Address: Leandro Franzoni</bold> &#8226; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul &#8211; Rua Itabora&#237;, 683. Postal Code <postal-code>90040-060</postal-code>, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brasil E-mail: <email>franzoni_77@hotmail.com</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Physical Activity</kwd>
        <kwd>Peripheral Arterial Disease</kwd>
        <kwd>Acceleration</kwd>
        <kwd>Velocity</kwd>
        <kwd>Walking Speed</kwd>
        <kwd>Exercise</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Physical activity plays a key role in improving functional capacity and cardiovascular function in peripheral arterial disease (PAD).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> There is a direct relationship between the improvement in peak oxygen consumption (VO<sub>2</sub>peak) and the reduction in the risk of mortality; in addition, improving symptoms related to intermittent claudication provides a better quality of life (QoL).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> However, the assessment of the level of physical activity is often carried out in transversal studies, showing that a higher level of physical activity is correlated with a greater functional capacity, for example. However, the studies do not consider exposure over a given period, leaving open whether there are changes in cardiovascular risk parameters and physical activity levels in these individuals after a follow-up. This is what Cucato et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> analyzed in this edition of the <italic>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</italic>.</p>
      <p>Initially, we will bring the methodological study issues, which began in 2015 and included, in the first phase, 268 patients. After 2 years of follow-up, 72 patients were reassessed in the second phase. Different cardiovascular risk parameters and physical activity levels were evaluated using a GT3X+ triaxial accelerometer (Actigraph, Pensacola, FL, USA). Here it is important to highlight the first positive point, which was to use an accelerometer to control physical activity levels, since many studies use a questionnaire to control the level of physical activity.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> All patients were instructed to use the accelerometer for 7 consecutive days, removing it only to sleep or shower. The device was fixed to the right side of the hip, and for analysis, a minimum of 10 hours of daily physical activity recording was required. Those who had at least 4 days of activity, 3 weekdays and 1 weekend day were considered valid. We highly value this part, as it is a simple method that provides us with extremely high-quality information.</p>
      <p>Among the different parameters of cardiovascular risk, we can highlight blood pressure, cardiac autonomic modulation and arterial stiffness. While the functional capacity was evaluated through the 6-minute walk test. Despite being an extremely safe, effective and reproducible test, it has limitations, and here is a suggestion for future studies to evaluate VO<sub>2</sub>peak and its variables through a specific test using the Gardner protocol.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>&#8211;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Regarding the results, we can highlight that the patients reduced their total physical activity levels during these 2 years (2.257 &#177; 774.5 min/week pre versus 2.041 &#177; 676.2 min/week post, p = 0.001). Something important and worrying is that the ankle-brachial index (ABI) was also significantly reduced after the two-year follow-up (0.62 &#177; 0.20 pre versus 0.54 &#177; 0.20, p = 0.003). Why is this result worrying? Some studies show that the ABI is a prognostic marker in individuals with PAD; combining this with a reduction in physical activity levels, we will have an alarming scenario for this population. In the present study, QoL was not evaluated; however, in a worsening scenario of different parameters, we can speculate that these individuals probably worsened their QoL. From the perspective of cardiovascular parameters, we will highlight the worsening of heart rate variability measured by the standard deviation of RR intervals (p &lt; 0.001).</p>
      <p>One of the points that draws much attention is that it was not mentioned whether the individuals in the baseline participated in any physical training program since Dr. Cucato's research group is the reference in Brazil and one of the references in the world on PAD rehabilitation.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> Often, when individuals participate in a rehabilitation program, they increase their daily physical activity levels. However, at the end of the program, the tendency is to reduce their physical activity levels.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> The article's message is very clear, and it makes us think about the importance of monitoring these individuals over time. PAD ends up being an underdiagnosed disease; that is, individuals have symptoms but often do not care, reaching a critical level that generates several negative consequences, such as reduced functional capacity, worsening of QOL and worsening of cardiovascular parameters. New studies must be designed a priori for a long follow-up of these individuals so that we will have more information about the evolution of the disease and what benefits a higher level of physical activity can provide.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other" id="fn2">
          <p>Short Editorial related to the article: Longitudinal Changes in Physical Activity Levels and Cardiovascular Risk Parameters in Patients with Symptomatic Peripheral Artery Disease</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
