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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">z9tBdkSwGMRdJs49fsxb3tK</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2022000601083</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20220281</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20220281</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Diferen&#231;as entre os Bloqueadores dos Receptores da Angiotensina (BRA) no Tratamento da Hipertens&#227;o Arterial</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0987-368X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Mill</surname>
            <given-names>Jos&#233; Geraldo</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal do Esp&#237;rito Santo</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Departamento de Ci&#234;ncias Fisiol&#243;gicas</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Vit&#243;ria</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">ES</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Ci&#234;ncias Fisiol&#243;gicas, Universidade Federal do Esp&#237;rito Santo, Vit&#243;ria, ES &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>2</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Universit&#225;rio Cassiano Ant&#244;nio Moraes</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Vit&#243;ria</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">ES</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital Universit&#225;rio Cassiano Ant&#244;nio Moraes, Vit&#243;ria, ES &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Jos&#233; Geraldo Mill</bold> &#8226; Depto. Ci&#234;ncias Fisiol&#243;gicas da UFES &#8211; Av. Marechal Campos 1468. CEP <postal-code>29040-090</postal-code>, Vit&#243;ria, ES &#8211; Brasil. E-mail: <email>josegmill@gmail.com</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>10</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="collection">
        <year>2022</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>118</volume>
      <issue>6</issue>
      <fpage>1083</fpage>
      <lpage>1084</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xml:lang="en" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Hipertens&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Inibidores da Enzima Conversora da Angiotensina</kwd>
        <kwd>Losartana</kwd>
        <kwd>Diagn&#243;stico Precoce</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="9"/>
        <page-count count="2"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>As doen&#231;as cardiovasculares (DCV) s&#227;o a principal causa de morte e incapacidade no Brasil, e a hipertens&#227;o arterial (HA) &#233; o principal fator de risco para morbimortalidade cardiovascular.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> O diagn&#243;stico precoce e o tratamento correto s&#227;o a&#231;&#245;es priorit&#225;rias para o enfrentamento do problema.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> A Pesquisa Nacional de Sa&#250;de realizada pelo Minist&#233;rio da Sa&#250;de em 2013 (PNS-2013) determinou a preval&#234;ncia de HA pela medida direta da press&#227;o arterial (PA) e uso de anti-hipertensivos drogas em uma amostra representativa da popula&#231;&#227;o adulta brasileira. A preval&#234;ncia de 32,3% (IC 95%: 31,7 - 33,0) indicou cerca de 50 milh&#245;es de hipertensos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Cerca de 70% dependem do Sistema &#218;nico de Sa&#250;de (SUS) tanto para diagn&#243;stico quanto para assist&#234;ncia farmac&#234;utica, aspecto essencial do plano de Doen&#231;as Cr&#244;nicas N&#227;o Transmiss&#237;veis (DCNT).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup></p>
    <p>De acordo com as diretrizes atuais, o tratamento inicial da HA deve ser realizado com medidas gerais, incluindo atividade f&#237;sica aer&#243;bica regular, redu&#231;&#227;o da ingest&#227;o de sal, aumento do consumo de frutas e hortali&#231;as e redu&#231;&#227;o de peso na presen&#231;a de obesidade ou sobrepeso.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Essas medidas beneficiam a todos e n&#227;o s&#243; aos hipertensos. Mesmo adotando essas estrat&#233;gias, muitos pacientes ainda dependem do uso regular de medicamentos para o controle da PA elevada. Assim, o uso desses medicamentos apresenta grande import&#226;ncia, pois, dada a dimens&#227;o do problema, mesmo pequenas redu&#231;&#245;es press&#243;ricas geram impacto positivo para milh&#245;es de indiv&#237;duos afetando as taxas de morbimortalidade por DCV.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> Assim, a busca por tratamentos eficazes para o controle da PA &#233; de suma import&#226;ncia para a ado&#231;&#227;o de pol&#237;ticas p&#250;blicas nessa &#225;rea.</p>
    <p>O SUS disponibiliza pelo menos um medicamento dentre as sete classes de anti-hipertensivos mais utilizados na rotina cl&#237;nica, contribuindo para a alta cobertura medicamentosa em hipertensos no Brasil em compara&#231;&#227;o a outros pa&#237;ses. Pesquisa nacional realizada em 2016 mostrou que 93,8% dos indiv&#237;duos que sabiam seu estado hipertensivo usavam pelo menos um anti-hipertensivo.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> &#205;ndices de tratamento elevados (&gt;80%) tamb&#233;m foram relatados na PNS-2013 e na coorte ELSA-Brasil, onde a maioria dos participantes &#233; atendida por plano de sa&#250;de privado.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> Um achado importante na PNS foi mostrar que a frequ&#234;ncia de uso independia da escolaridade e da renda, confirmando a universalidade do acesso, um dos objetivos da pol&#237;tica nacional de enfrentamento DCNT no Brasil.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Os bloqueadores dos receptores da angiotensina (BRA) s&#227;o o anti-hipertensivo mais utilizado no Brasil.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> Ap&#243;s a introdu&#231;&#227;o do losartana, composto prot&#243;tipo do BRA no arsenal terap&#234;utico da HA h&#225; mais de 30 anos, uma s&#233;rie de outros compostos com o mesmo mecanismo de a&#231;&#227;o foram dispon&#237;veis para uso. A efic&#225;cia desses compostos no controle da PA &#233; o tema central do artigo de Barroso et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> publicado nesta edi&#231;&#227;o dos Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia. Este robusto estudo incluiu 12.813 pacientes hipertensos para comparar a efic&#225;cia terap&#234;utica do BRA usado em monoterapia ou em combina&#231;&#227;o com outros anti-hipertensivos. Al&#233;m disso, eles correlacionaram o efeito da PA com a meia-vida de cada BRA. O efeito sobre a PA foi avaliado pela avalia&#231;&#227;o da PA no consult&#243;rio e pelo monitoramento domiciliar da PA (MRPA). Este &#250;ltimo permite informa&#231;&#245;es mais precisas sobre o efeito na PA a longo prazo de qualquer medicamento anti-hipertensivo. Em m&#233;dia, cada paciente obteve mais de 20 registros de PA ao longo de tr&#234;s dias de tratamento. Vale ressaltar que a prescri&#231;&#227;o era aberta a qualquer BRA a crit&#233;rio do m&#233;dico. Como esperado, a losartana foi o BRA mais prescrito, tanto em monoterapia quanto em diferentes combina&#231;&#245;es. Apesar de ser o f&#225;rmaco de menor custo entre os BRA, uma desvantagem &#233; sua meiavida curta, exigindo intervalos menores entre os usos das p&#237;lulas, reduzindo assim a ades&#227;o ao tratamento. O estudo mostrou que as taxas de controle da PA foram maiores, tanto no consult&#243;rio quanto na medida domiciliar, quando foi utilizado o BRA de vida mais longa. Como dito anteriormente, a taxa de anti-hipertensivos por pacientes no Brasil &#233; razo&#225;vel. O mesmo n&#227;o pode ser dito em rela&#231;&#227;o ao controle da PA, que ainda apresenta &#237;ndices insuficientes,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> principalmente naqueles atendidos pelo sistema p&#250;blico de sa&#250;de e em uso de monoterapia, apesar das recomenda&#231;&#245;es atuais,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> pois o mecanismo da hipertens&#227;o permanece desconhecido para a maioria dos pacientes.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Os resultados apresentados por Barroso et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> s&#227;o importantes porque permitem duas conclus&#245;es principais. Uma delas tem impacto direto na abordagem terap&#234;utica da hipertens&#227;o. Independentemente do BRA escolhido, este &#233; mais eficaz para o controle da PA quando combinado com outras classes de anti-hipertensivos. A outra impacta nas pol&#237;ticas p&#250;blicas de enfrentamento das DCNT apontando para a necessidade de avaliar a inclus&#227;o de pelo menos um BRA de meia-vida maior no SUS, melhorando o manejo da PA de pacientes hipertensos. Mesmo com medicamentos mais caros, n&#237;veis press&#243;ricos mais baixos e est&#225;veis s&#227;o custo-efetivos, pois aumentam a preven&#231;&#227;o de eventos que impactam negativamente na qualidade de vida e nos custos econ&#244;micos e sociais das DCV.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other" id="fn1">
        <p>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Bloqueadores do Receptor de Angiotensina Avaliados por Medida de Consult&#243;rio e Residencial da Press&#227;o Arterial. Estudo TeleMRPA</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
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          <article-title>Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment and Influence of Socioeconomic Variables on Control of High Blood Pressure: Results of the ELSA-Brasil Study</article-title>
          <source>PLoS One</source>
          <year>2015</year>
          <volume>10</volume>
          <issue>6</issue>
          <elocation-id>e0127382</elocation-id>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1371/journal.pone.0127382</pub-id>
          <comment>eCollection 2015</comment>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>8 Ch&#243;r D, Ribeiro ALP, Carvalho MS, Duncam BB, Lotufo PA, Nobre AA, et al. Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment and Influence of Socioeconomic Variables on Control of High Blood Pressure: Results of the ELSA-Brasil Study. PLoS One. 2015;10(6):e0127382. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127382.eCollection 2015.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B9">
        <label>9</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Barroso</surname>
              <given-names>WKS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Brand&#227;o</surname>
              <given-names>AA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Vitorino</surname>
              <given-names>PVO</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Feitosa</surname>
              <given-names>ADM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Barbosa</surname>
              <given-names>ECD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Miranda</surname>
              <given-names>RD</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Bloqueadores do Receptor de Angiotensina Avaliados por Medida de Consult&#243;rio e Residencial da Press&#227;o Arterial. Estudo TeleMRPA</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2022</year>
          <volume>118</volume>
          <issue>6</issue>
          <fpage>1069</fpage>
          <lpage>1082</lpage>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>9 Barroso WKS, Brand&#227;o AA, Vitorino PVO, Feitosa ADM, Barbosa ECD, Miranda RD, et al. Bloqueadores do Receptor de Angiotensina Avaliados por Medida de Consult&#243;rio e Residencial da Press&#227;o Arterial. Estudo TeleMRPA. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2022; 118(6):1069-1082.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S01" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Differences among Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (BRA) in the Treatment of Arterial Hypertension</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0987-368X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Mill</surname>
            <given-names>Jos&#233; Geraldo</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff3">
          <label>1</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Vit&#243;ria</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">ES</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Ci&#234;ncias Fisiol&#243;gicas, Universidade Federal do Esp&#237;rito Santo, Vit&#243;ria, ES &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff4">
          <label>2</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Vit&#243;ria</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">ES</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital Universit&#225;rio Cassiano Ant&#244;nio Moraes, Vit&#243;ria, ES &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Mailing Address: Jos&#233; Geraldo Mill</bold> &#8226; Depto. Ci&#234;ncias Fisiol&#243;gicas da UFES &#8211; Av. Marechal Campos 1468. Postal Code <postal-code>29040-090</postal-code>, Vit&#243;ria, ES &#8211; Brazil. E-mail: <email>josegmill@gmail.com</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Hypertension</kwd>
        <kwd>Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors</kwd>
        <kwd>Losartana</kwd>
        <kwd>Early Diagnosis</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the main cause of death and disability in Brazil, and arterial hypertension (AH) is the main risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Early diagnosis and correct treatment are priority actions to face the problem.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> The National Health Survey conducted by the Ministry of Health in 2013 (PNS-2013) determined the prevalence of AH by direct measurement of blood pressure (BP) and use of antihypertensive drugs in a representative sample of the Brazilian adult population. Prevalence of 32.3% (95%CI: 31.7 - 33.0) indicated nearly 50 million hypertensive patients.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Around 70% depend on the Unified Health System (SUS) for both diagnosis and pharmaceutical care, an essential aspect of the Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (NCD) plan.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup></p>
      <p>According to the current guidelines, the initial treatment of AH should be carried out with general measures, including regular aerobic physical activity, reduction of salt intake, increased consumption of fruits and vegetables and weight reduction when obesity or overweight is present.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> These measures benefit everyone and not only hypertensive patients indeed. Even adopting these strategies, many patients still depend on the regular use of drugs to get high BP control. Thus, the use of these drugs shows great importance because, given the dimension of the problem, even small pressure reductions generate a positive impact for millions of individuals affecting the morbidity and mortality rates due to CVD.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> Thus, the search for effective treatments for BP control has paramount importance to adopt public policies in this area.</p>
      <p>The public health system provides at least one drug among the seven classes of antihypertensive medicines most often used in clinical routine, contributing to the high drug coverage in hypertensive patients in Brazil compared to other countries. A nationwide survey carried out in 2016 showed that 93.8% of individuals who knew their hypertensive state used at least one antihypertensive drug.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> High treatment indexes(&gt;80%) were also reported in the PNS-2013 and in the ELSA-Brasil cohort, where most participants are attended by private health insurance.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> An important finding in the PNS was to show that the frequency of use was independent of schooling and income, confirming the universality of access, one of the objectives of the national policy to face CNCD in Brazil.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Angiotensin receptor blockers (BRA) are Brazil&#8217;s most used antihypertensive drug.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> After the introduction of losartan, the prototype compound of BRA in the therapeutic arsenal of AH over 30 years ago, a series of other compounds with the same mechanism of action were available to use. The effectiveness of these compounds in BP control is the central theme of the article by Barroso et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> published in this issue of <italic>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</italic>. This robust study included 12,813 hypertensive patients to compare the therapeutic efficacy of BRA used as monotherapy or in combination with other antihypertensive drugs. Additionally, they correlated the BP effect with the half-life of each BRA. The effect on BP was assessed by office BP assessment and by home BP monitoring (HBPM). The latter allows more accurate information on the long-term BP effect of any antihypertensive drug. On average, each patient obtained more than 20 BP records along three treatment days. It is worth mentioning that the prescription was open to any BRA at the doctor&#8217;s discretion. As expected, losartan was the most BRA prescribed, both as monotherapy and in different combinations. Despite being the drug with the lowest cost among BRA, one disadvantage is its short half-life, requiring shorter intervals between pill uses, thus reducing adherence to treatment. The study showed that the control rates of BP were higher, both in the office and in-home measurement, when longer-live ARB was used. As stated before, the rate of antihypertensive drugs by patients in Brazil is reasonable. The same cannot be said concerning BP control which still shows insufficient rates,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> mainly in those attended by the public health system and in use of monotherapy even though current recommendations<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> since the mechanism of hypertension remains unknown for most patients.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup></p>
      <p>The results showed by Barroso et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> are important because they allow two main conclusions. One has a direct impact on the therapeutic approach to hypertension. Regardless of the BRA chosen, it is more effective for BP control when combined with other antihypertensive classes. The other impacts on the public policies for coping with CNCD point to the need to evaluate the inclusion of at least one longer half-life BRA in the SUS, improving the BP management of hypertensive patients. Even with more expensive drugs, lower and stable BP levels are cost-effective as they increase the prevention of events that negatively impact the quality of life and the economic and social costs of CVD</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other" id="fn2">
          <p>Short Editorial related to the article: Angiotensin Receptor Blockers Evaluated by Office and Home Blood Pressure Measurements. TeleHBPM Study</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
