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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">bmKNZktpMc4bJ3T68C7455F</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2021001100558</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20210143</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20210143</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Carta Cient&#237;fica</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Lista de Diagn&#243;sticos de Cardiopatias Cong&#234;nitas da Classifica&#231;&#227;o Internacional de Doen&#231;as 2011 (CID-11): Aspectos da Tradu&#231;&#227;o para o Portugu&#234;s</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-4185-9423</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Aiello</surname>
            <given-names>Vera Demarchi</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-0896-3568</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Mattos</surname>
            <given-names>Sandra da Silva</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o, Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Laborat&#243;rio de Anatomia Patol&#243;gica, Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o, Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>2</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Unidade de Cardiologia Materno-Fetal</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Real Hospital Portugu&#234;s</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Recife</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">PE</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Real Hospital Portugu&#234;s, Unidade de Cardiologia Materno-Fetal, Recife, PE &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Vera D. Aiello &#8226;</bold> Laborat&#243;rio de Anatomia Patol&#243;gica &#8211; Av. Dr En&#233;as C. Aguiar, 44. CEP <postal-code>05403-000</postal-code>, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil. E-mail: <email>anpvera@incor.usp.br</email></corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos autores</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa; obten&#231;&#227;o de dados; an&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados; reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito; revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante: Vera D. Aiello, Mattos SS.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potencial conflito de interesse</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>20</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="collection">
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>117</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>558</fpage>
      <lpage>560</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>17</day>
          <month>02</month>
          <year>2021</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>01</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2020</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>12</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2021</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xml:lang="en" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave:</title>
        <kwd>Cardiopatias cong&#234;nitas</kwd>
        <kwd>Terminologia como Assunto</kwd>
        <kwd>Classifica&#231;&#227;o Internacional de Doen&#231;as (CID)</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="4"/>
        <page-count count="3"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec>
      <title>Contexto</title>
      <p>A Sociedade Internacional para Nomenclatura em Cardiologia Pedi&#225;trica e Cardiopatias Cong&#234;nitas (ISNPCHD &#8211; International Society for Nomenclature of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease) &#233; uma organiza&#231;&#227;o composta por especialistas em Cardiologia Pedi&#225;trica, Cirurgia Card&#237;aca e Morfologia. Ela foi criada com a miss&#227;o de unificar a terminologia das doen&#231;as card&#237;acas cong&#234;nitas e adquiridas na inf&#226;ncia em todo o mundo. A nomenclatura unificada permite compara&#231;&#245;es diagn&#243;sticas interinstitucionais e internacionais e a troca de informa&#231;&#227;o sobre os resultados do manuseio cl&#237;nico-cir&#250;rgico de crian&#231;as e adultos com doen&#231;as card&#237;acas cong&#234;nitas.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref></p>
      <p>Iniciando com reuni&#245;es anuais, com o Grupo de Trabalho Internacional para Mapear a Nomenclatura e Codifica&#231;&#227;o da Cardiopatia Cong&#234;nita e Pedi&#225;trica&#8221;,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref> os membros decidiram criar, em 2005, a Sociedade Internacional (ISNPCHD), estendendo a filia&#231;&#227;o para incorporar profissionais de &#225;reas pouco representadas no mundo.</p>
      <p>Ao longo dos anos, tr&#234;s grupos de trabalho foram criados na ISNPCHD: o Grupo de Trabalho das Defini&#231;&#245;es, o Grupo de Trabalho de Mapeamento de C&#243;digos (Grupo de Trabalho de Nomenclatura) e o Grupo de Trabalho dos Arquivos de Imagens.</p>
      <p>As tarefas iniciais da Sociedade foram conclu&#237;das com o desenvolvimento do C&#243;digo Internacional de Cardiopatias Cong&#234;nitas e Pedi&#225;tricas (IPCCC), uma lista de diagn&#243;sticos e procedimentos vinculados a um c&#243;digo num&#233;rico de seis d&#237;gitos, e com o mapeamento bidirecional entre os c&#243;digos da Associa&#231;&#227;o Europeia para Cardiologia Pedi&#225;trica e Cong&#234;nita e o Sistema de Nomenclatura do Banco de Dados do Projeto Internacional para Nomenclatura da Cirurgia Card&#237;aca de Cardiopatias Cong&#234;nitas. O c&#243;digo num&#233;rico do IPCCC foi derivado do C&#243;digo Europeu de Cardiologia Pedi&#225;trica e serviu como estrutura central para o processo de mapeamento.</p>
      <p>As listas e c&#243;digos do IPCCC (em ingl&#234;s) est&#227;o dispon&#237;veis gratuitamente para download no website da Sociedade: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.IPCCC.net">http://www.IPCCC.net</ext-link>.</p>
      <p>Durante a prepara&#231;&#227;o da 11&#7491; atualiza&#231;&#227;o do C&#243;digo Internacional de Classifica&#231;&#227;o de Doen&#231;as (CID-11) da Organiza&#231;&#227;o Mundial da Sa&#250;de (OMS), em 2007, os membros da ISNPCHD receberam a miss&#227;o de revisar a lista de diagn&#243;sticos para cardiopatias cong&#234;nitas e pedi&#225;tricas da vers&#227;o anterior do CID. Tamb&#233;m foi solicitado que o grupo do ISNPCHD atualizasse a lista de acordo com o consenso da nomenclatura que havia sido constru&#237;do entre os especialistas desde a cria&#231;&#227;o do Comit&#234; de Nomenclatura.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref></p>
      <p>Como o CID-9 e o CID-10 continham, respectivamente, apenas 29 e 73 termos dedicados &#224;s malforma&#231;&#245;es cong&#234;nitas do sistema circulat&#243;rio, havia o prop&#243;sito de expandir esse n&#250;mero de diagn&#243;sticos no sentido de cobrir as malforma&#231;&#245;es cardiovasculares mais frequentes, o que resultou em mais de 300 termos na 11&#7491; vers&#227;o do CID. As malforma&#231;&#245;es muito raras n&#227;o foram inclu&#237;das nesta nova lista do CID, porque, pela sua raridade, elas n&#227;o precisam ser citadas em estat&#237;sticas vitais. Essas les&#245;es muito raras (o &#8220;anel intravalvar mitral&#8221; &#233; um exemplo entre v&#225;rios outros) devem ser inclu&#237;das sob a categoria gen&#233;rica do n&#237;vel superior (&#8220;anomalia cong&#234;nita da valva mitral&#8221;, no exemplo supracitado).</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="methods">
      <title>M&#233;todos</title>
      <sec>
        <title>A lista do CID-11 para cardiopatias cong&#234;nitas (acesse o material suplementar no fim do artigo)</title>
        <p>Iniciada oficialmente no Jap&#227;o, em 2007, pelo menos uma das sess&#245;es anuais da ISNPCHD passou a ser dedicada &#224; discuss&#227;o da lista do CID-11, seguindo a hierarquia dos termos da IPCCC, j&#225; desenvolvida e atualizada pelo grupo que mapeou as duas principais listas diagn&#243;sticas utilizadas atualmente &#8211; aquelas da Sociedade Europeia de Cardiologia e da Sociedade dos Cirurgi&#245;es Tor&#225;cicos &#8211;, como previamente explicado.</p>
        <p>Al&#233;m da organiza&#231;&#227;o em seis n&#237;veis hier&#225;rquicos, os termos foram mapeados para os c&#243;digos IPCCC e para o c&#243;digo alfanum&#233;rico do CID-10 anterior da OMS. Al&#233;m disso, para cada um dos c&#243;digos, foram providenciadas uma defini&#231;&#227;o e uma lista de sin&#244;nimos e abreviaturas comumente utilizadas.</p>
        <p>Chegar a um consenso sobre as defini&#231;&#245;es foi a parte do processo que trouxe as maiores discuss&#245;es, al&#233;m de ser fundamental, visto que o objetivo era proporcionar uma compreens&#227;o clara do diagn&#243;stico morfol&#243;gico para codificadores e usu&#225;rios em todo o mundo.</p>
        <p>A lista com 324 diagn&#243;sticos e seus respectivos c&#243;digos IPCCC foi apresentada no Encontro de Nomenclatura durante o Congresso Mundial de Cardiologia Pedi&#225;trica em Barcelona, em 2017, e publicada na revista m&#233;dica Cardiology in the Young, no mesmo ano.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref></p>
        <p>O produto final foi, ent&#227;o, juntamente com a lista completa do CID-11, disponibilizado on-line pela OMS em 2018, sob &#8220;Anomalias do desenvolvimento/Anomalias do desenvolvimento estrutural afetando primariamente um sistema do corpo/Anomalias do desenvolvimento do sistema circulat&#243;rio/Anomalias do desenvolvimento do cora&#231;&#227;o e grandes vasos. A vers&#227;o 11 do CID est&#225; programada para entrar em vigor em janeiro de 2022. Nesse &#237;nterim, os pa&#237;ses membros devem se preparar para a sua implementa&#231;&#227;o, incluindo o trabalho de tradu&#231;&#227;o, entre outras etapas.</p>
        <p>Aconteceram tr&#234;s principais mudan&#231;as no sistema, incluindo um aumento na quantidade de cap&#237;tulos. O novo sistema de c&#243;digos n&#227;o &#233; semelhante ao utilizado no CID-10, como discutido no documento acessado eletronicamente.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Adi&#231;&#227;o de novos termos &#224; lista</title>
        <p>Ap&#243;s a finaliza&#231;&#227;o da lista de termos de cardiopatias cong&#234;nitas pela ISNPCHD, 94 novos termos foram acrescentados pelo staff da OMS. Esses termos est&#227;o sob an&#225;lise de membros da ISNPCHD, que eventualmente decidir&#227;o sob a sua manuten&#231;&#227;o na lista do CID-11, os retirar&#227;o (por incorre&#231;&#227;o cient&#237;fica) ou os substituir&#227;o em outras se&#231;&#245;es do CID-11.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Tradu&#231;&#227;o da lista do CID-11 das cardiopatias cong&#234;nitas para outras l&#237;nguas</title>
        <p>Como aparece na p&#225;gina da OMS/CID, &#8220;CID &#233; uma padroniza&#231;&#227;o internacional e deve ser multil&#237;ngue&#8221;.</p>
        <p>A prioridade para representa&#231;&#227;o multil&#237;ngue do CID-11 ser&#227;o os seis idiomas oficiais das Na&#231;&#245;es Unidas: ingl&#234;s, franc&#234;s, espanhol, russo, chin&#234;s e &#225;rabe.</p>
        <p>Em uma tentativa de acelerar o uso dos termos das cardiopatias cong&#234;nitas por equipes de sa&#250;de que n&#227;o falam ingl&#234;s, em 2019, B&#233;land et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref> prepararam e publicaram no Canadian Journal of Cardiology, a tradu&#231;&#227;o francesa para a lista de cardiopatias cong&#234;nitas do CID-11.</p>
        <p>Em 2018, devido &#224; aus&#234;ncia de uma tradu&#231;&#227;o para a L&#237;ngua Portuguesa, n&#243;s abra&#231;amos a causa e apresentamos aqui o produto final.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Alguns aspectos espec&#237;ficos da tradu&#231;&#227;o do CID-11 para o portugu&#234;s do Brasil</title>
        <p>O Brasil &#233;, nos dias atuais, o pa&#237;s do mundo com o maior n&#250;mero de pessoas que falam Portugu&#234;s como sua l&#237;ngua nativa. O Portugu&#234;s &#233;, atualmente, a sexta l&#237;ngua falada no mundo pelo n&#250;mero de nativos, o que corresponde a 2,87% da popula&#231;&#227;o mundial.</p>
        <p>Ainda assim, o Portugu&#234;s n&#227;o &#233; considerado uma l&#237;ngua oficial pela OMS, e ainda n&#227;o temos uma plataforma no site do CID.</p>
        <p>Al&#233;m disso, o n&#250;mero de cardiologistas pedi&#225;tricos associados ao Departamento de Cardiologia Pedi&#225;trica da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, em 2020, ultrapassa 750, o que claramente demonstra a import&#226;ncia de se manter essa comunidade atualizada com a nomenclatura das cardiopatias cong&#234;nitas.</p>
        <p>Embora o processo de faturamento do Sistema &#218;nico de Sa&#250;de (SUS) do Minist&#233;rio da Sa&#250;de esteja atualmente baseado na 10a vers&#227;o do CID, a qualidade das melhorias inclu&#237;das na nova vers&#227;o (CID-11), juntamente com a possibilidade de mapear os novos termos para as listas anteriores, evidenciam a import&#226;ncia de disponibilizar a nova lista em Portugu&#234;s.</p>
        <p>Al&#233;m dos termos diagn&#243;sticos, as defini&#231;&#245;es, os coment&#225;rios e os sin&#244;nimos, que est&#227;o todos dispon&#237;veis na p&#225;gina do CID/OMS na internet, foram traduzidos para essa lista em Portugu&#234;s.</p>
        <p>Durante a tradu&#231;&#227;o, algumas decis&#245;es foram tomadas para facilitar a compreens&#227;o e o processo de busca/resgate. A seguir, s&#227;o mostrados alguns exemplos:</p>
        <list list-type="simple">
          <list-item>
            <p>- Uns poucos termos diagn&#243;sticos foram mantidos em ingl&#234;s, entre par&#234;nteses, ap&#243;s o termo em Portugu&#234;s, devido ao seu uso generalizado pelos cardiologistas brasileiros (p. ex., straddling, criss-cross, sling).</p>
          </list-item>
          <list-item>
            <p>- Alguns termos em latim foram mantidos tamb&#233;m entre par&#234;nteses pelos mesmos motivos anteriores (p. ex., truncus, ostium primum).</p>
          </list-item>
          <list-item>
            <p>- Manuten&#231;&#227;o de ep&#244;nimos (p. ex., Fallot, Ebstein), assim como aparecem na lista em ingl&#234;s.</p>
          </list-item>
          <list-item>
            <p>- N&#227;o tradu&#231;&#227;o de alguns termos em ingl&#234;s, pois n&#227;o fariam sentindo em Portugu&#234;s (p. ex., upstairs-downstairs ventricle).</p>
          </list-item>
          <list-item>
            <p>- Finalmente, por&#233;m n&#227;o menos importante, faz-se necess&#225;rio discutir o termo &#8220;comunica&#231;&#227;o&#8221; entre c&#226;maras, como termo preferido nas l&#237;nguas rom&#226;nticas como Portugu&#234;s, Italiano, Franc&#234;s e Espanhol, em vez do termo &#8220;defeito septal&#8221; comumente aplicado em Ingl&#234;s e outras l&#237;nguas germ&#226;nicas. &#201; f&#225;cil entender que nem todas as comunica&#231;&#245;es interatriais s&#227;o causadas por um defeito na anatomia do septo interatrial &#8211; &#8220;o defeito do seio coron&#225;rio&#8221; servindo como exemplo. Ao mesmo tempo, nem todas as comunica&#231;&#245;es interventriculares coincidem com o que chamamos de defeito septal ventricular.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref> Especialmente quando h&#225; cavalgamento de um tronco arterial (p. ex., da aorta), a comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular &#233; o plano do espa&#231;o entre a valva a&#243;rtica e o topo do septo trabecular. Essa regi&#227;o permite a sa&#237;da do fluxo do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo, mas o orif&#237;cio que o cirurgi&#227;o fecha, o qual chamamos comumente de comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular, &#233; a borda direita desse plano, como no caso da tetralogia de Fallot. Nessa tradu&#231;&#227;o, decidimos manter &#8220;comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular&#8221; em todos os locais em que o termo em ingl&#234;s &#8220;ventricular septal defect&#8221; foi utilizado.</p>
          </list-item>
        </list>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Perspectivas futuras para os termos do CID-11 traduzidos para o portugu&#234;s</title>
        <p>Como mencionado previamente, no Brasil, atualmente, o SUS &#233; a principal ferramenta utilizada pelo Minist&#233;rio da Sa&#250;de para o processo de faturamento em hospitais p&#250;blicos. Embora a implanta&#231;&#227;o do CID-11 pelo SUS n&#227;o deva acontecer em um futuro pr&#243;ximo, isso n&#227;o deve limitar o acesso de profissionais que cuidam de crian&#231;as e adultos com cardiopatias cong&#234;nitas ao sistema atualizado de sua nomenclatura.</p>
        <p>A tradu&#231;&#227;o que aqui apresentamos j&#225; foi submetida &#224; OMS desde agosto de 2019. No entanto, fomos informados de que o trabalho ainda n&#227;o foi incorporado pela indisponibilidade de uma plataforma em portugu&#234;s no site da Organiza&#231;&#227;o. Nossa decis&#227;o de publicar a lista em uma revista de Cardiologia local, assim como uma vers&#227;o eletr&#244;nica no site do Departamento de Cardiologia Pedi&#225;trica e Cong&#234;nita da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, tem como objetivo dar acesso aos profissionais e servi&#231;os especializados ao novo sistema de nomenclatura e c&#243;digos, aumentando assim as suas capacidades para trocar informa&#231;&#245;es a respeito de preval&#234;ncia, tratamento e progn&#243;stico das cardiopatias cong&#234;nitas em pa&#237;ses de L&#237;ngua Portuguesa.</p>
        <p>O pr&#243;ximo passo neste processo est&#225; sendo o desenvolvimento de um aplicativo para mapear CID-10, CID-11 e IPCCC, pois, caso o sistema oficial n&#227;o seja atualizado em rela&#231;&#227;o ao processo de faturamento, ainda assim, cardiologistas e cirurgi&#245;es pedi&#225;tricos poder&#227;o utilizar o sistema de codifica&#231;&#227;o atualizado, em paralelo, na sua pr&#225;tica di&#225;ria.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>O processo da tradu&#231;&#227;o</title>
        <p>A ideia de realizar esta tradu&#231;&#227;o surgiu a partir de uma conversa informal entre as autoras, e a decis&#227;o foi acelerada por uma visita fortuita de uma das autoras (VDA) na &#250;ltima semana de 2018, &#224; bela cidade do Recife, onde a mora a outra autora (SSM). Encorajadas pela vis&#227;o deslumbrante do Oceano Atl&#226;ntico no Nordeste do Brasil, nos encontramos t&#234;te-&#224;-t&#234;te durante cinco dias iniciais, e completamos a tarefa em reuni&#245;es on-line at&#233; meados de 2019, mesmo antes de esse tipo de atividade se tornar pr&#225;tica corriqueira como agora, durante a era da Covid-19.</p>
        <p>Ap&#243;s a tradu&#231;&#227;o, a lista foi checada para consist&#234;ncia e corre&#231;&#227;o gramatical por um profissional da &#225;rea.</p>
        <p>Esperamos que o resultado de nosso esfor&#231;o seja bem recebido pela comunidade cient&#237;fica dos pa&#237;ses de L&#237;ngua Portuguesa e que facilite a troca de informa&#231;&#245;es entre as in&#250;meras institui&#231;&#245;es de sa&#250;de nesses pa&#237;ses, de modo a promover um suporte para pesquisa com foco no bem-estar de pacientes portadores de cardiopatias cong&#234;nitas.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other" id="fn1">
        <p>
          <bold>Material suplementar</bold>
        </p>
        <p>Para informa&#231;&#227;o adicional, por favor, clique aqui.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="supported-by" id="fn2">
        <p>
          <bold>Fontes de financiamento</bold>
        </p>
        <p>O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other" id="fn3">
        <p>
          <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica</bold>
        </p>
        <p>N&#227;o h&#225; vincula&#231;&#227;o deste estudo a programas de p&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other" id="fn4">
        <p>
          <bold>Aprova&#231;&#227;o &#233;tica e consentimento informado</bold>
        </p>
        <p>Este artigo n&#227;o cont&#233;m estudos com humanos ou animais realizados por nenhum dos autores.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
    <ack>
      <title>Agradecimentos</title>
      <p>Ao Sr. Sergio Dortas e seu time, pelas corre&#231;&#245;es gramaticais, e aos Drs. Marie J B&#233;land e Rodney Franklin, pelas orienta&#231;&#245;es cient&#237;ficas.</p>
    </ack>
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  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S01" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Letter</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>The Congenital Heart Disease Diagnosis List for the eleventh iteration of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD11): Translation to Brazilian Portuguese</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-4185-9423</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Aiello</surname>
            <given-names>Vera Demarchi</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-0896-3568</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Mattos</surname>
            <given-names>Sandra da Silva</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff3">
          <label>1</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Laborat&#243;rio de Anatomia Patol&#243;gica, Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o, Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff4">
          <label>2</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Recife</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">PE</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Real Hospital Portugu&#234;s, Unidade de Cardiologia Materno-Fetal, Recife, PE &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Mailing Address: Vera D. Aiello &#8226;</bold> Laborat&#243;rio de Anatomia Patol&#243;gica &#8211; Av. Dr En&#233;as C. Aguiar, 44. Postal Code <postal-code>05403-000</postal-code>, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil. E-mail: <email>anpvera@incor.usp.br</email></corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Author Contributions</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Conception and design of the research; Acquisition of data; Analysis and interpretation of the data; Writing of the manuscript; Critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: Vera D. Aiello, Mattos SS.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold>
          </p>
          <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords:</title>
        <kwd>Heart Defects Congenital</kwd>
        <kwd>Terminology as Topic</kwd>
        <kwd>International Classification of Diseases</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec>
        <title>Background</title>
        <p>The International Society for Nomenclature of Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease (ISNPCHD) is an organization composed by specialists in Pediatric Cardiology, Cardiac Surgery and Morphology. It was created aiming at unifying the terminology of congenital and acquired pediatric heart disease across the world. The unified lexicon allows for inter-institutional and international diagnostic comparisons and exchange of information on the outcomes of children and adults with congenital heart defects<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref>.</p>
        <p>Initially gathering annually, as the &#8220;The International Nomenclature Working Group for the Mapping and Coding of Nomenclatures for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Disease&#8221;,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref> the members decided to create, in 2005, the International Society (ISNPCHD), extending the membership to incorporate professionals from underrepresented areas of the world.</p>
        <p>Over time, three working groups of the ISNPCHD were created: the Definitions Working Group,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref> the Mapping and Coding Group (or Nomenclature Working Group) and the Archiving Working Group.</p>
        <p>The initial tasks of the Society were accomplished with the development of the International Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Code (IPCCC), a list of diagnoses and procedures, each linked to a six-digit numeric code, and the bidirectional cross-mapping between &#8220; The European Paediatric Cardiac Code of the Association for European Paediatric and Congenital Cardiology&#8221; and &#8220; The nomenclature system of the International Congenital Heart Surgery Nomenclature and Database Project &#8221;. The IPCCC numerical code was derived from &#8220;The European Paediatric Cardiac Code&#8221; and served as the backbone for the mapping process.</p>
        <p>The IPCCC codes and lists (in English) are freely available for download from the Society&#8217;s website at <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="http://www.IPCCC.net">http://www.IPCCC.net</ext-link>.</p>
        <p>During the preparation of the eleventh iteration of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD11) of the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2007 the members of the ISNPCHD were given the mission of revising the existing list of diagnoses for pediatric and congenital heart disease from the previous ICD version. The ISNPCHD group was also expected to update the list according to the nomenclature consensus that has been built among specialists since the creation of the Nomenclature Committee.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref></p>
        <p>While the ICD9 and ICD10 versions had respectively only 29 and 73 terms devoted to the congenital malformations of the circulatory system, the intention was to expand the number of diagnoses in order to cover most of the frequent cardiovascular malformations, which resulted in more than 300 terms in the 11<sup>th</sup> version of the ICD. Of course, the rarest lesions were not included in the new ICD list, because their uncommon occurrence is not worth reporting in vital statistics. Such rare lesions (among many others, &#8220;intravalvar mitral ring&#8221; is an example) should be included under the generic upper level category (&#8220;congenital anomaly of the mitral valve&#8221;, in the abovementioned example ).</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="methods">
        <title>Methods</title>
        <sec>
          <title>The ICD11 list for Congenital Heart Defects (access the supplementary material at the end of the article)</title>
          <p>Officially starting in Japan, 2007, at least one session of each ISNPCHD annual meeting was devoted to the discussion of the ICD11 list, following the hierarchy of terms from the IPCCC, already developed and maintained by the group and mapped to the two main diagnosis&#8217; lists currently in use, the ones from the European Society of Cardiology and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons, as previously explained.</p>
          <p>Besides the organization of the list into six hierarchical levels, the terms were mapped to the IPCCC code and to the previous ICD10 alphanumeric code of the WHO. Also, a definition and a list of synonyms and commonly used abbreviations were provided for each diagnosis.</p>
          <p>Reaching a consensus on the definitions was the most contentious part of the process and of fundamental importance, since the goal was to provide a clear comprehension of the morphological diagnosis to coders all over the world.</p>
          <p>The list of 324 diagnoses with their respective IPCCC codes were presented at the Nomenclature Summit of the World Congress of Pediatric Cardiology in Barcelona, 2017 and published in the journal &#8216;Cardiology in the Young&#8217; in the same year.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref></p>
          <p>The final product was then, together with the complete ICD11 list, released by the WHO in 2018 (<ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://icd.who.int/dev11/f/en">https://icd.who.int/dev11/f/en</ext-link>), under &#8220;Developmental anomalies / Structural developmental anomalies primarily affecting one body system / Structural developmental anomalies of the circulatory system / Structural developmental anomaly of the heart or great vessels&#8221;. The 11<sup>th</sup> version is meant to be implemented in January 2022. Meanwhile, the country members will prepare for its implementation, including the translation work, etc. There have been many major changes in the system, including an increase in the number of chapters. The new coding system is not similar to the one used in the ICD10, as discussed in the document accessed electronically on October 19, 2020: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.icd10monitor.com/icd-11-hurry-up-and-wait">https://www.icd10monitor.com/icd-11-hurry-up-and-wait</ext-link>.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Addition of new terms to the list</title>
          <p>After the completion of the congenital heart disease list of terms by the ISNPCHD, 94 new terms were added by the WHO staff. These terms are currently under analysis by the ISNPCHD members, who will eventually decide regarding their maintenance in the ICD11 list, their removal (because of scientific incorrectness) or replacement in other sections of the ICD11.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Translation of the ICD11 list for Congenital Heart Defects to other languages</title>
          <p>As it appears at the WHO/ICD webpage, &#8220;ICD, as an international standard, has to be multilingual.&#8221;</p>
          <p>The priority for multilingual representation of the ICD11 will be the 6 Official United Nations Languages: English, French, Spanish, Russian, Chinese, Arabic.</p>
          <p>In an initiative aimed at accelerating the use of ICD11 congenital heart disease terms by non-English speaking Health teams, in 2019 B&#233;land et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref> prepared and published the French translation of the ICD11 list for congenital heart defects in the Canadian Journal of Cardiology.</p>
          <p>In 2018, given the lack of a translation to the Portuguese language, we embraced the task, and the final product is presented here.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Some particular aspects of the translation of the ICD11 terms into Brazilian Portuguese</title>
          <p>Brazil is currently the country in the world with the largest number of Portuguese-speaking people as their native language. Portuguese is currently the sixth language by number of native speakers, which comprises 2.87% of the world&#8217;s population</p>
          <p>(Wikipedia, accessed in October 19<sup>th</sup>, 2020: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_languages_by_number_of_native_speakers">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_languages_by_number_of_native_speakers</ext-link>).</p>
          <p>Nevertheless Portuguese is not considered an official language by the WHO (WHO webpage, accessed on October 19, 2020: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://www.who.int/about/who-we-are/multilingualism">https://www.who.int/about/who-we-are/multilingualism</ext-link>) and still does not have a platform at the ICD site.</p>
          <p>Moreover, the number of Pediatric Cardiologists associated to the Department of Pediatric Cardiology of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology in 2020 surpasses 750, what clearly highlights the importance of maintaining this community updated with the nomenclature of congenital heart defects.</p>
          <p>Although the billing process of the Unified Health System (SUS) of the Brazilian Ministry of Health is currently based on the 10<sup>th</sup> version of the ICD, the quality of the improvements included in the new version (ICD11), together with the possibility of mapping the new terms to the previous ICD list, makes it fundamental to make the new Portuguese list available.</p>
          <p>Not only the diagnostic terms, but definitions, commentaries and synonyms, which are all available at the ICD/WHO website, were translated in this new list, as well.</p>
          <p>During the translation, some decisions were made in order to facilitate the comprehension and the search/retrieval process. Some examples are:</p>
          <list list-type="simple">
            <list-item>
              <p>- A few diagnostic terms were maintained in English, in parenthesis after the term in Portuguese, due to their widespread use among the Brazilian cardiologists (examples: crisscross, sling).</p>
            </list-item>
            <list-item>
              <p>- Maintenance of Latin terms when of common use, similarly to the previous decisions (examples: truncus, ostium primum).</p>
            </list-item>
            <list-item>
              <p>- Maintenance of eponyms (Fallot, Ebstein) as they appear in the English version of the diagnosis list.</p>
            </list-item>
            <list-item>
              <p>-Non-translation of some English terms, since they make no sense in Portuguese (example: upstairs-downstairs ventricle).</p>
            </list-item>
            <list-item>
              <p>- Last but not least, we have to discuss the use of the word &#8220;communication&#8221; between chambers as the most preferred term in Romance languages like Portuguese, Italian, French and Spanish, over the term &#8220;septal defect&#8221; commonly applied in English and other Germanic languages. It is easy to understand that not all interatrial communications are caused by defects within the anatomic atrial septum, with &#8220;coronary sinus defect&#8221; being an example. Likewise, not all the interventricular communications coincide with what we call a ventricular septal defect.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref> Especially when there is overriding of an arterial trunk, the interventricular communication is the plane of space between the overriding valve and the top of the trabecular septum. This area is the outflow for the left ventricle, but the hole closed by the surgeon, what we usually call the ventricular septal defect, is the right border of this plane, as in Tetralogy of Fallot. In our translation, we decided to maintain &#8220;comunica&#231;&#227;o interventricular&#8221; (interventricular communication) in all the places where the term &#8220;ventricular septal defect&#8221; was found.</p>
            </list-item>
          </list>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Future perspectives for the translation of ICD11 terms into Portuguese</title>
          <p>As previously mentioned, in Brazil the Unified Health Insurance System (SUS) is currently the main tool used by the Ministry of Health for the billing process in public hospitals. Although the implantation of ICD11 by the Government does not seem to be on the horizon in the short or middle term in our country, we should not hinder the access of professionals who care for children and adults with congenital heart disease to an updated system of nomenclature of cardiac defects in Portuguese.</p>
          <p>We submitted our translated list of terms to the WHO in 2019. However, we were recently informed that our work has not yet been incorporated due to the lack of a Portuguese platform in their website. Our decision to publish the list, in a local Journal of Cardiology and also electronically on the website of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology/ Department of Pediatric Cardiology, aims to give access to specialized professionals and services to the new coding system and nomenclature, thus enhancing their capabilities to exchange data about prevalence, treatment and prognosis of congenital heart disease in Portuguese-speaking countries.</p>
          <p>As the next step in this process, we plan to develop an application to cross-map the ICD10 and ICD11 codes and the IPCCC, so that even if the official system does not change regarding billing purposes, the Pediatric Cardiologists and Surgeons can have a parallel and updated coding system to be used in daily practice.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>The process of translation</title>
          <p>It all started during a conversation between the authors, and the decision was accelerated by the fortuitous visit of one of us (VDA) to the beautiful city of Recife - where the other one of us (SSM) lives - during the last week of 2018. Encouraged by the astonishing view of the Atlantic ocean in Northeast Brazil, we met t&#234;te-&#224;-t&#234;te during 5 days, and completed the task during computer meetings along the year of 2019, even when virtual conferences were not yet a common practice as they are now in the COVID19 pandemic era.</p>
          <p>After the translation, the list was checked for consistency and grammatical corrections by a professional in the area.</p>
          <p>We do hope the result of our effort is welcomed by the Portuguese-speaking scientific community and that it can facilitate the exchange of data between the numerous health institutions in the country, thus providing background to research focused in the wellbeing of our patients with congenital heart defects.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other" id="fn5">
          <p>
            <bold>Supplemental Materials</bold>
          </p>
          <p>For additional information, please click here.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="supported-by" id="fn6">
          <p>
            <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
          </p>
          <p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other" id="fn7">
          <p>
            <bold>Study Association</bold>
          </p>
          <p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other" id="fn8">
          <p>
            <bold>Ethics approval and consent to participate</bold>
          </p>
          <p>This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
      <ack>
        <title>Acknowledgment</title>
        <p>We are indebted to Sergio Dortas and his team for the grammatical corrections and to Drs Marie J B&#233;land and Rodney Franklin for their scientific advice.</p>
      </ack>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
