<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="sps-1.9" article-type="editorial" xml:lang="pt">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">nCp9WKSGBvmZNC48C3Db6wG</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2021001100528</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20210592</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20210592</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>O Novo Paradigma da Mensura&#231;&#227;o da Press&#227;o Arterial</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8171-3920</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Malachias</surname>
            <given-names>Marcus Vinicius Bolivar</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas de Minas Gerais</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Belo Horizonte</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">MG</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>2</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Instituto de Hipertens&#227;o Arterial - Diretoria Cl&#237;nica</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Belo Horizonte</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">MG</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Instituto de Hipertens&#227;o Arterial - Diretoria Cl&#237;nica, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Marcus Vinicius Bolivar Malachias</bold> &#8226; Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas de Minas Gerais - Alameda Ezequiel Dias, 275. CEP <postal-code>30130-110</postal-code>, Centro, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brasil. E-mail: <email>mbolivar@cardiol.br</email>, <email>mbolivar@uol.com.br</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>20</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="collection">
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>117</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>528</fpage>
      <lpage>530</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xml:lang="en" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Doen&#231;as Cardiovasculares/mortalidade</kwd>
        <kwd>Press&#227;o Arterial</kwd>
        <kwd>Hipertens&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Monitoriza&#231;&#227;o Ambulatorial da Press&#227;o Arterial(MAPA)/ m&#233;todos</kwd>
        <kwd>Telemedicina</kwd>
        <kwd>Metan&#225;lise</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="21"/>
        <page-count count="3"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>A hipertens&#227;o arterial (HA) &#233; o principal fator de risco evit&#225;vel para doen&#231;as cardiovasculares (DCV) e mortalidade por todas as causas em todo o mundo.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref></p>
    <p>A precis&#227;o na mensura&#231;&#227;o da press&#227;o arterial (PA) &#233; essencial para o diagn&#243;stico, a estratifica&#231;&#227;o de risco e o adequado tratamento da HA. Evid&#234;ncias demonstram que a tradicional avalia&#231;&#227;o casual da PA no consult&#243;rio m&#233;dico n&#227;o &#233;, na maioria dos casos, a melhor ferramenta para o diagn&#243;stico, assim como para a tomada de decis&#227;o cl&#237;nica em indiv&#237;duos com PA elevada ou mesmo no seguimento do tratamento da HA.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Recentes diretrizes t&#234;m preconizado o uso mais amplo das medidas ambulatoriais e residenciais da PA na avalia&#231;&#227;o inicial de pacientes com PA elevada, assim como no acompanhamento de pacientes hipertensos.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref><sup>&#8211;</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref> Medidas ambulatoriais e domiciliares da PA t&#234;m se revelado estrat&#233;gias eficazes para detectar fen&#243;tipos intermedi&#225;rios confundidores comuns, como a hipertens&#227;o do avental branco e a hipertens&#227;o mascarada, n&#227;o bem evidenciadas na medi&#231;&#227;o usualmente realizada no consult&#243;rio. Ademais, as monitoriza&#231;&#245;es realizadas no ambiente habitual de cada indiv&#237;duo t&#234;m se correlacionado mais fortemente com o risco de desfechos cl&#237;nicos maiores e les&#245;es de &#243;rg&#227;os-alvo.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10"><sup>10</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Na literatura e pr&#225;tica m&#233;dica cl&#237;nica internacional, s&#227;o descritas duas modalidades de avalia&#231;&#227;o da PA fora do consult&#243;rio: a monitoriza&#231;&#227;o ambulatorial da press&#227;o arterial (MAPA), em que o equipamento &#233; programado para realizar medidas autom&#225;ticas em intervalos programados nas 24 horas; e a medi&#231;&#227;o domiciliar da PA, em que cada indiv&#237;duo realiza as medidas livremente em hor&#225;rios determinados ou n&#227;o, e os valores s&#227;o registrados manualmente. No Brasil, embora realizemos a MAPA como em demais pa&#237;ses, a medi&#231;&#227;o domiciliar da PA &#233; usualmente feita de duas maneiras distintas. Uma delas &#233; a forma n&#227;o estruturada, que denominamos de automedida da PA (AMPA), e a outra &#233; uma forma peculiar de registro, comum em nosso meio, que &#233; a medida residencial da PA (MRPA), em que equipamentos semiautom&#225;ticos armazenam as medi&#231;&#245;es e, segundo protocolo estabelecido em diretrizes, s&#227;o capazes de emitir laudos estruturados.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Esta edi&#231;&#227;o dos Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia traz o artigo original &#8220;Hipertensos Tratados e Avaliados por Telemonitoramento Residencial da Press&#227;o Arterial. Estudo TeleMRPA&#8221;, de Barroso et al.,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref> que avalia os achados de um banco de dados formado por exames realizados em diferentes localidades brasileiras e reunidos em uma plataforma central de an&#225;lise a dist&#226;ncia por telemedicina.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Embora n&#227;o existam estudos comparativos entre AMPA e MRPA, estima-se que o m&#233;todo estruturado (MRPA) seja mais reprodut&#237;vel, embora a avalia&#231;&#227;o livre (AMPA) tenha os benef&#237;cios do melhor custo e possibilidade de ser realizado habitual e frequentemente como aliado do seguimento.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref> H&#225; tamb&#233;m diferen&#231;as sens&#237;veis entre MRPA e MAPA. A MRPA &#233; realizada na posi&#231;&#227;o sentada e em casa, enquanto a MAPA &#233; realizada em condi&#231;&#245;es diversas, como em casa ou no trabalho, durante atividades di&#225;rias de rotina e sem um per&#237;odo de descanso sentado antes das medi&#231;&#245;es. Al&#233;m disso, na MAPA &#233; poss&#237;vel analisar a PA durante o sono, informa&#231;&#227;o que agrega maior valor progn&#243;stico ao m&#233;todo.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref> Valores m&#233;dios da vig&#237;lia, contudo, foram considerados compar&#225;veis entre aqueles avaliados por medidas residenciais e pela MAPA<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref>. H&#225; evid&#234;ncias de que valores press&#243;ricos m&#233;dios elevados em um dos dois m&#233;todos (seja na MAPA ou na MRPA) estejam associados a maior risco cardiovascular (RCV) que a normotens&#227;o evidenciada em ambos. No entanto, quando houve eleva&#231;&#227;o press&#243;rica m&#233;dia em ambos os m&#233;todos, o RCV foi ainda maior. Assim, os dois m&#233;todos devem ser considerados n&#227;o como t&#233;cnicas competitivas, mas como complementares na avalia&#231;&#227;o da PA.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Um estudo realizado em Ohasama, no Jap&#227;o, revelou originalmente que a PA domiciliar tinha maior valor preditivo para mortalidade do que a PA casual de consult&#243;rio na popula&#231;&#227;o geral.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref> Estudos prospectivos comprovaram a superioridade das medidas residenciais sobre a PA casual na predi&#231;&#227;o de RCV.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref> Uma metan&#225;lise refor&#231;ou as evid&#234;ncias de que a PA residencial seria um melhor preditor de DCV e morte cardiovascular, permitindo uma estratifica&#231;&#227;o mais precisa de RCV do que a PA casual, particularmente nos casos de hipertens&#227;o mascarada.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15"><sup>15</sup></xref> Considerando os desfechos intermedi&#225;rios, uma metan&#225;lise mostrou que a PA residencial elevada se correlacionou mais significativamente com danos subcl&#237;nicos em &#243;rg&#227;os-alvo, avaliada principalmente pelo &#237;ndice de massa ventricular esquerda ao ecocardiograma, quando comparada com a PA casual, tendo valor semelhante &#224; MAPA.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16"><sup>16</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Considerando a maior precis&#227;o diagn&#243;stica e sua capacidade progn&#243;stica, a PA residencial desempenha tamb&#233;m um importante papel no seguimento do tratamento da HA, pois &#233; superior &#224; PA casual em condi&#231;&#245;es como o efeito do avental branco e a hipertens&#227;o n&#227;o controlada mascarada em pacientes tratados, assim como na titula&#231;&#227;o de f&#225;rmacos.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17"><sup>17</sup></xref> Al&#233;m disso, a MRPA resulta em menor restri&#231;&#227;o &#224; realiza&#231;&#227;o de atividades di&#225;rias e menor desconforto no sono que a MAPA.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref> H&#225; tamb&#233;m evid&#234;ncias de que o emprego de PA residencial associada ao telemonitoramento remoto foi superior &#224;s medi&#231;&#245;es de PA casual para o controle terap&#234;utico de pacientes hipertensos.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18"><sup>18</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Diante de tantas restri&#231;&#245;es &#224; medida casual e na tentativa de apurar a acur&#225;cia da medi&#231;&#227;o da PA no consult&#243;rio, o estudo <italic>Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial</italic> (SPRINT) utilizou uma metodologia que inclu&#237;a um per&#237;odo de repouso pr&#233;vio e adotou a m&#233;dia de m&#250;ltiplas leituras em cada visita. O protocolo inclu&#237;a ainda uso de manguito de tamanho apropriado, posicionamento adequado do paciente, apoio para as costas, p&#233;s apoiados no ch&#227;o, bra&#231;o apoiado no n&#237;vel do cora&#231;&#227;o e manguito instalado em bra&#231;o nu, com as medi&#231;&#245;es realizadas na forma de automedi&#231;&#245;es sob vigil&#226;ncia dos pesquisadores.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref> Embora tenham surgido argumenta&#231;&#245;es de que a t&#233;cnica de mensura&#231;&#227;o da PA no SPRINT seria at&#237;pica, esse protocolo seguiu as recomenda&#231;&#245;es da maioria das diretrizes, as quais foram semelhantes &#224;s adotadas em muitos ensaios cl&#237;nicos anteriores, al&#233;m de servir de modelo para estudos posteriores e refor&#231;ar orienta&#231;&#245;es quanto &#224; mais adequada t&#233;cnica de medi&#231;&#227;o da PA no consult&#243;rio.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref></p>
    <p>No estudo de Barroso et al.,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref> que avaliou os valores de MRPA por telemonitoramento de 6.731 hipertensos em tratamento farmacol&#243;gico, sendo 61,3% do sexo feminino, com idade m&#233;dia de 57,8 (&#177;12,6) anos e &#237;ndice de massa corporal m&#233;dio de 29,0 (&#177;5,1) kg/m<sup>2</sup>, observou-se que os valores m&#233;dios de PA sist&#243;lica foram 6,6 mmHg (p&lt;0,001) e de PA diast&#243;lica, 4,4 mmHg (p&lt;0,001) maiores que na medida casual. Tamb&#233;m, comparativamente, a taxa de controle da HA foi de 61,3% pela MRPA, sendo este percentual maior que o encontrado na medida casual (57,0%, p&lt;0,001). O estudo demonstrou ainda uma preval&#234;ncia de efeito avental branco de 15,4% e de hipertens&#227;o mascarada n&#227;o controlada de 11,1% da popula&#231;&#227;o avaliada.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Uma publica&#231;&#227;o anterior preliminar do mesmo banco de dados, envolvendo 1.273 participantes com pr&#233;-hipertens&#227;o e HA est&#225;gio 1, havia encontrado hipertens&#227;o do avental branco em 21,9% e hipertens&#227;o mascarada em 11,4%, al&#233;m de discord&#226;ncia com o diagn&#243;stico de HA por PA casual em 33,3% pacientes<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20"><sup>20</sup></xref> Ao revelar a realidade da MRPA em nosso meio, o estudo traz importante contribui&#231;&#227;o ao conjunto de evid&#234;ncias que demonstram os benef&#237;cios do m&#233;todo em avaliar o tratamento da HA, refor&#231;ando a necessidade de uma utiliza&#231;&#227;o mais ampla da ferramenta no seguimento do hipertenso.</p>
    <p>Diante das evid&#234;ncias da import&#226;ncia do monitoramento da PA, &#233; necess&#225;rio refletir sobre os emergentes dispositivos de medi&#231;&#227;o da PA fora do consult&#243;rio, muitos dos quais s&#227;o vest&#237;veis, ofertando possibilidades de ilimitados registros, al&#233;m de armazenamento e de an&#225;lises digitais. Novos monitores digitais, agora dispon&#237;veis at&#233; mesmo sem a necessidade do uso de bra&#231;adeiras, oferecem maior comodidade e j&#225; v&#234;m sendo empregados em ensaios cl&#237;nicos randomizados, embora muitos ainda estejam em processo de valida&#231;&#227;o. Al&#233;m disso, o advento da intelig&#234;ncia artificial amplia as possibilidades de an&#225;lise desse grande n&#250;mero de registros de PA fornecidos por tais dispositivos, que, em conjunto com outras vari&#225;veis, propiciar&#227;o uma verdadeira revolu&#231;&#227;o do conhecimento acerca da PA em um futuro muito pr&#243;ximo.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref></p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other" id="fn1">
        <p>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Hipertensos Tratados e Avaliados por Telemonitoramento Residencial da Press&#227;o Arterial. Estudo TeleMRPA</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
    <ref-list>
      <title>Refer&#234;ncias</title>
      <ref id="B1">
        <label>1</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <collab>GBD 2017</collab>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Risk factors Collaborators. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990&#8211;2017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Stu.</article-title>
          <source>Lancet</source>
          <year>2018</year>
          <volume>392</volume>
          <issue>10159</issue>
          <fpage>1923</fpage>
          <lpage>1994</lpage>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>1. GBD 2017. Risk factors Collaborators. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990&#8211;2017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Stu. Lancet. 2018; 392(10159):1923-94.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B2">
        <label>2</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <collab>GBD 2017</collab>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980&#8211;2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017</article-title>
          <source>Lancet</source>
          <year>2018</year>
          <volume>392</volume>
          <issue>10159</issue>
          <fpage>1736</fpage>
          <lpage>1788</lpage>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>2. GBD 2017. Causes of Death Collaborators. Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980&#8211;2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Lancet.2018;392(10159):1736-88.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B3">
        <label>3</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Nobre</surname>
              <given-names>F</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mion</surname>
              <given-names>D</given-names>
              <suffix>Jr</suffix>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Gomes</surname>
              <given-names>MAM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Barbosa</surname>
              <given-names>ECD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Rodrigues</surname>
              <given-names>CIS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Neves</surname>
              <given-names>MFT</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>6a Diretrizes de Monitoriza&#231;&#227;o Ambulatorial da Press&#227;o Arterial e 4a Diretrizes de Monitoriza&#231;&#227;o Residencial da Press&#227;o Arterial</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2018</year>
          <volume>110</volume>
          <supplement>5 supl 1</supplement>
          <fpage>1</fpage>
          <lpage>29</lpage>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>3. Nobre F, Mion Jr D, Gomes MAM, Barbosa ECD, Rodrigues CIS, Neves MFT et al. 6a Diretrizes de Monitoriza&#231;&#227;o Ambulatorial da Press&#227;o Arterial e 4a Diretrizes de Monitoriza&#231;&#227;o Residencial da Press&#227;o Arterial. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2018;110(5 supl 1):1-29.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B4">
        <label>4</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Stergiou</surname>
              <given-names>GS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kario</surname>
              <given-names>K</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kollias</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>McManus</surname>
              <given-names>RJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Ohkubo</surname>
              <given-names>T</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Parati</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Imai</surname>
              <given-names>Y</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Home blood pressure monitoring in the 21st century</article-title>
          <source>J Clin Hypertens. (Greenwich)</source>
          <year>2018</year>
          <month>07</month>
          <volume>20</volume>
          <issue>7</issue>
          <fpage>1116</fpage>
          <lpage>1121</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1111/jch.13284</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>4. Stergiou GS, Kario K, Kollias A, McManus RJ, Ohkubo T, Parati G, Imai Y. Home blood pressure monitoring in the 21st century. J Clin Hypertens. (Greenwich); 2018 Jul;20(7):1116-21. doi: 10.1111/jch.13284.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B5">
        <label>5</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Malachias</surname>
              <given-names>MVB</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Souza</surname>
              <given-names>WKSB</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Plavnik</surname>
              <given-names>FL</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Rodrigues</surname>
              <given-names>CIS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Brand&#227;o</surname>
              <given-names>AA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Neves</surname>
              <given-names>MFT</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>7a Diretriz Brasileira de Hipertens&#227;o Arterial</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2016</year>
          <volume>107</volume>
          <supplement>3 supl</supplement>
          <fpage>1</fpage>
          <lpage>83</lpage>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>5. Malachias MVB, Souza WKSB, Plavnik FL, Rodrigues CIS, Brand&#227;o AA, Neves MFT, et al. 7a Diretriz Brasileira de Hipertens&#227;o Arterial. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2016;107(3 supl):1-83.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B6">
        <label>6</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Barroso</surname>
              <given-names>WKS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Rodrigues</surname>
              <given-names>CIS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Bortolotto</surname>
              <given-names>LA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Meta-Gomes</surname>
              <given-names>MA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Brand&#227;o</surname>
              <given-names>AA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Feitosa</surname>
              <given-names>ADM</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Brazilian Guidelines of Hypertension - 2020</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2021</year>
          <month>03</month>
          <volume>116</volume>
          <issue>3</issue>
          <fpage>516</fpage>
          <lpage>658</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20201238</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>6. Barroso WKS, Rodrigues CIS, Bortolotto LA,Meta-Gomes MA, Brand&#227;o AA, Feitosa ADM, et al. Brazilian Guidelines of Hypertension - 2020. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021 Mar;116(3):516-658. doi: 10.36660/abc.20201238.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B7">
        <label>7</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Oliveira</surname>
              <given-names>GMM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mendes</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Malachias</surname>
              <given-names>MVB</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Morais</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Coelho</surname>
              <given-names>AS</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>2017 Guidelines for Arterial Hypertension Management in Primary Health Care in Portuguese Language Countries</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2017</year>
          <month>11</month>
          <volume>109</volume>
          <issue>5</issue>
          <fpage>389</fpage>
          <lpage>396</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20170165</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>7. Oliveira GMM, Mendes M, Malachias MVB,Morais J, Coelho AS. et al. 2017 Guidelines for Arterial Hypertension Management in Primary Health Care in Portuguese Language Countries. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2017 Nov;109(5):389-96. doi: 10.5935/abc.20170165.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B8">
        <label>8</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Williams</surname>
              <given-names>B</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mancia</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Spiering</surname>
              <given-names>W</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Rosei</surname>
              <given-names>EA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Azizi</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Burnier</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
            <collab>ESC Scientific Document Group</collab>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension</article-title>
          <source>Eur Heart J</source>
          <year>2018</year>
          <month>09</month>
          <day>01</day>
          <volume>39</volume>
          <issue>33</issue>
          <fpage>3021</fpage>
          <lpage>3104</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1093/eurheartj/ehy339</pub-id>
          <comment>Erratum in: Eur Heart J. 2019 Feb 1;40(5):475</comment>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>8. Williams B, Mancia G, Spiering W, Rosei EA, Azizi M, Burnier M, et al.ESC Scientific Document Group. 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension. Eur Heart J. 2018 Sep 1;39(33):3021-104. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy339. Erratum in: Eur Heart J. 2019 Feb 1;40(5):475.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B9">
        <label>9</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Whelton</surname>
              <given-names>PK</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Carey</surname>
              <given-names>RM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Aronow</surname>
              <given-names>WS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Casey DE</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Collins</surname>
              <given-names>KJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Dennison</surname>
              <given-names>H</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>2017ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/ AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines</article-title>
          <source>Hypertension</source>
          <year>2018</year>
          <month>06</month>
          <volume>71</volume>
          <issue>6</issue>
          <fpage>e13</fpage>
          <lpage>e115</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1161/HYP.0000000000000065</pub-id>
          <comment>Erratum in: Hypertension. 2018 Jun;71(6):e140-e144</comment>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>9. Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, Casey DE J, Collins KJ, Dennison H, et al. 2017ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/ AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Hypertension. 2018 Jun;71(6):e13-e115. doi: 10.1161/HYP.0000000000000065. Erratum in: Hypertension. 2018 Jun;71(6):e140-e144.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B10">
        <label>10</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Parati</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Stergiou</surname>
              <given-names>GS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Asmar</surname>
              <given-names>R</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Bilo</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Leuw</surname>
              <given-names>P</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Imai</surname>
              <given-names>Y</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>European Society of Hypertension practice guidelines for home blood pressure monitoring</article-title>
          <source>J Hum Hypertens</source>
          <year>2010</year>
          <volume>24</volume>
          <issue>12</issue>
          <fpage>779</fpage>
          <lpage>785</lpage>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>10. Parati G, Stergiou GS, Asmar R,Bilo G, Leuw P, Imai Y, et al. European Society of Hypertension practice guidelines for home blood pressure monitoring. J Hum Hypertens. 2010;24(12):779-85.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B11">
        <label>11</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Barroso</surname>
              <given-names>WKS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Feitosa</surname>
              <given-names>ADM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Barbosa</surname>
              <given-names>ECD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Brand&#227;o</surname>
              <given-names>AA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Miranda</surname>
              <given-names>RD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Vitorino</surname>
              <given-names>PVO</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Treated Hypertensive Patients Assessed by Home Blood Pressure Telemonitoring. TeleMRPA Study</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2021</year>
          <volume>117</volume>
          <issue>3</issue>
          <fpage>520</fpage>
          <lpage>527</lpage>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>11. Barroso WKS, Feitosa ADM, Barbosa ECD, Brand&#227;o AA, Miranda RD, Vitorino PVO, et al. Treated Hypertensive Patients Assessed by Home Blood Pressure Telemonitoring. TeleMRPA Study. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 117(3):520-527.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B12">
        <label>12</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Mancia</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Facchetti</surname>
              <given-names>R</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Bombelli</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Grassi</surname>
              <given-names>G</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Sega</surname>
              <given-names>R</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Long-term risk of mortality associated with selective and combined elevation in office, home, and ambulatory blood pressure</article-title>
          <source>Hypertension</source>
          <year>2006</year>
          <volume>47</volume>
          <issue>5</issue>
          <fpage>846</fpage>
          <lpage>853</lpage>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>12. Mancia G, Facchetti R, Bombelli M,Grassi G, Sega R. Long-term risk of mortality associated with selective and combined elevation in office, home, and ambulatory blood pressure. Hypertension. 2006;47(5):846-53.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B13">
        <label>13</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Satoh</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Asayama</surname>
              <given-names>K</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kikuya</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Inoue</surname>
              <given-names>R</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Nutoki</surname>
              <given-names>H</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Hosaka</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Long-term stroke risk due to partial white-coat or masked hypertension based on home and ambulatory blood pressure measurements: The Ohasama Study</article-title>
          <source>Hypertension</source>
          <year>2016</year>
          <volume>67</volume>
          <fpage>48</fpage>
          <lpage>55</lpage>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>13. Satoh M, Asayama K, Kikuya M, Inoue R, Nutoki H, Hosaka M, et al. Long-term stroke risk due to partial white-coat or masked hypertension based on home and ambulatory blood pressure measurements: The Ohasama Study. Hypertension. 2016;67:48-55.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B14">
        <label>14</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Ohkubo</surname>
              <given-names>T</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Imai</surname>
              <given-names>Y</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Tsuji</surname>
              <given-names>I</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Nagai</surname>
              <given-names>K</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kato</surname>
              <given-names>j</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kikuchi</surname>
              <given-names>N</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Home blood pressure measurement has a stronger predictive power for mortality than does screening blood pressure measurement: a population-based observation in Ohasama, Japan</article-title>
          <source>J Hypertens</source>
          <year>1998</year>
          <volume>16</volume>
          <issue>7</issue>
          <fpage>971</fpage>
          <lpage>975</lpage>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>14. Ohkubo T, Imai Y, Tsuji I,Nagai K, Kato j, Kikuchi N, et al. Home blood pressure measurement has a stronger predictive power for mortality than does screening blood pressure measurement: a population-based observation in Ohasama, Japan. J Hypertens. 1998;16(7)971-5.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B15">
        <label>15</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Stergiou</surname>
              <given-names>GS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Siontis</surname>
              <given-names>KC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Ioannidis</surname>
              <given-names>JP</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Home blood pressure as a cardiovascular outcome predictor: it&#8217;s time to take this method seriously</article-title>
          <source>Hypertension</source>
          <year>2010</year>
          <volume>55</volume>
          <issue>6</issue>
          <fpage>1301</fpage>
          <lpage>1303</lpage>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>15. Stergiou GS, Siontis KC, Ioannidis JP. Home blood pressure as a cardiovascular outcome predictor: it&#8217;s time to take this method seriously. Hypertension. 2010;55(6):1301-3.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B16">
        <label>16</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Bliziotis</surname>
              <given-names>IA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Destounis</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Stergiou</surname>
              <given-names>GS</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Home versus ambulatory and office blood pressure in predicting target organ damage in hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis</article-title>
          <source>J Hypertens</source>
          <year>2012</year>
          <volume>30</volume>
          <issue>7</issue>
          <fpage>1289</fpage>
          <lpage>1299</lpage>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>16. Bliziotis IA, Destounis A, Stergiou GS. Home versus ambulatory and office blood pressure in predicting target organ damage in hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Hypertens. 2012;30(7):1289-99.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B17">
        <label>17</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Shimada</surname>
              <given-names>K</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kario</surname>
              <given-names>K</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kushiro</surname>
              <given-names>T</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Teramukai</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Zenimura</surname>
              <given-names>N</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Ishikawa</surname>
              <given-names>Y</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Prognostic significance of on-treatment home and clinic blood pressure for predicting cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients in the HONEST study</article-title>
          <source>J Hypertens</source>
          <year>2016</year>
          <volume>34</volume>
          <issue>8</issue>
          <fpage>1520</fpage>
          <lpage>1527</lpage>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>17. Shimada K, Kario K, Kushiro T,Teramukai S, Zenimura N, Ishikawa Y, et al. Prognostic significance of on-treatment home and clinic blood pressure for predicting cardiovascular events in hypertensive patients in the HONEST study. J Hypertens. 2016;34(8):1520-7.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B18">
        <label>18</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>McManus</surname>
              <given-names>RJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mant</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Franssen</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Nickless</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Schwartz</surname>
              <given-names>C</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Hodgkinson</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Efficacy of self-monitored blood pressure, with or without telemonitoring, for titration of antihypertensive medication (TASMINH4): an unmasked randomized controlled trial</article-title>
          <source>Lancet</source>
          <year>2018</year>
          <volume>391</volume>
          <issue>10124</issue>
          <fpage>949</fpage>
          <lpage>959</lpage>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>18. McManus RJ, Mant J, Franssen M, Nickless A, Schwartz C, Hodgkinson J, et al. Efficacy of self-monitored blood pressure, with or without telemonitoring, for titration of antihypertensive medication (TASMINH4): an unmasked randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 2018;391(10124):949-59.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B19">
        <label>19</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Drawz</surname>
              <given-names>PE</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Ix</surname>
              <given-names>JH</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>BP Measurement in Clinical Practice: Time to SPRINT to Guideline-Recommended Protocols</article-title>
          <source>J Am Soc Nephrol</source>
          <year>2018</year>
          <month>02</month>
          <volume>29</volume>
          <issue>2</issue>
          <fpage>383</fpage>
          <lpage>388</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1681/ASN.2017070753</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>19. Drawz PE, Ix JH. BP Measurement in Clinical Practice: Time to SPRINT to Guideline-Recommended Protocols. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2018 Feb;29(2):383-8. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2017070753.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B20">
        <label>20</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Barroso</surname>
              <given-names>WKS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Feitosa</surname>
              <given-names>ADM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Barbosa</surname>
              <given-names>ECD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Miranda</surname>
              <given-names>RD</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Brand&#227;o</surname>
              <given-names>AA</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Vitorino</surname>
              <given-names>PVO</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Prevalence of Masked and White-Coat Hypertension in Pre-Hypertensive and Stage 1 Hypertensive patients with the use of TeleMRPA</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2019</year>
          <month>11</month>
          <volume>113</volume>
          <issue>5</issue>
          <fpage>970</fpage>
          <lpage>975</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>20. Barroso WKS, Feitosa ADM, Barbosa ECD, Miranda RD, Brand&#227;o AA, Vitorino PVO, et al. Prevalence of Masked and White-Coat Hypertension in Pre-Hypertensive and Stage 1 Hypertensive patients with the use of TeleMRPA. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2019 Nov;113(5):970-5. doi: 10.5935/abc.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B21">
        <label>21</label>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Hare</surname>
              <given-names>AJ</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Chokshi</surname>
              <given-names>N</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Adusumalli</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Novel Digital Technologies for Blood Pressure Monitoring and Hypertension Management</article-title>
          <source>Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep</source>
          <year>2021</year>
          <volume>15</volume>
          <issue>8</issue>
          <fpage>11</fpage>
          <lpage>11</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1007/s12170-021-00672-w</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
        <mixed-citation>21. Hare AJ, Chokshi N, Adusumalli S. Novel Digital Technologies for Blood Pressure Monitoring and Hypertension Management. Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep. 2021;15(8):11. doi: 10.1007/s12170-021-00672-w.</mixed-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S01" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>The New Paradigm of Blood Pressure Measurement</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8171-3920</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Malachias</surname>
            <given-names>Marcus Vinicius Bolivar</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff3">
          <label>1</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Belo Horizonte</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">MG</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff4">
          <label>2</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Belo Horizonte</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">MG</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Instituto de Hipertens&#227;o Arterial - Diretoria Cl&#237;nica, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Mailing Address: Marcus Vinicius Bolivar Malachias</bold> &#8226; Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas de Minas Gerais - Alameda Ezequiel Dias, 275. Postal Code <postal-code>30130-110</postal-code>, Centro, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brazil. E-mail: <email>mbolivar@cardiol.br</email>, <email>mbolivar@uol.com.br</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality</kwd>
        <kwd>Blood Pressure</kwd>
        <kwd>Hypertension</kwd>
        <kwd>Blood Pressure Monitoring,Ambulatory/methods</kwd>
        <kwd>Telemedicine</kwd>
        <kwd>Meta-Analysis</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Hypertension (HTN) is the leading preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality worldwide.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref></p>
      <p>Accuracy in blood pressure (BP) measurement is essential for the diagnosis, risk stratification, and adequate treatment of HTN. The evidence shows that the traditional casual assessment of BP in the doctor&#8217;s office is not, in most cases, the best tool for diagnosis or clinical decision-making in individuals with high BP, or even for monitoring response to antihypertensive treatment.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref></p>
      <p>Recent guidelines have advocated the broader use of outpatient and home BP measurements in the initial assessment of patients with high BP, as well as in the follow-up of patients with known HTN.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref><sup>&#8211;</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref> Outpatient and home BP measurements have been shown to be effective strategies to detect common confounding intermediate phenotypes, such as white coat hypertension and masked hypertension, which are poorly demonstrated by office measurements. Furthermore, monitoring BP in the patient&#8217;s usual environment has been found to correlated more strongly with the risk of major clinical outcomes and target organ damage.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10"><sup>10</sup></xref></p>
      <p>In the literature and international clinical medical practice, two broad types of out-of-office BP assessment are described: ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), in which the device is programmed to obtain automatic measurements at preset intervals over a 24-hour period; and home BP measurement, in which patients themselves obtain measurements at predetermined or random times and BP values are manually recorded. In Brazil, although ABPM is done as in other countries, household BP measurement is usually done in two different ways: one unstructured, which we call self-measurement of BP (SMBP), and a peculiar form of recording quite common in our country, home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM), based on the use of semi-automatic sphygmomanometers which stores measurements and, according to a protocol defined in clinical guidelines, must be capable of issuing structured reports.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref></p>
      <p>This issue of ABC Cardiol carries the original article &#8220;Treated Hypertensive Patients Assessed by Home Blood Pressure Telemonitoring. TeleMRPA Study&#8221;, by Barroso et al.,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref> which assesses the findings of a database of measurements performed in different Brazilian locations and collected in a central platform for remote analysis via telemedicine.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref></p>
      <p>Although there are no head-to-head comparisons of SMBP and HBPM, the structured method (HBPM) is believed to be more reproducible, although freeform measurement (SMBP) is less costly and can be performed habitually and frequently as an adjunct to follow-up.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref> There are also substantial differences between HBPM and ABPM. HBPM is performed by patients at home, in the seated position, while ABPM is performed under a variety of conditions at home or at work, during routine activities of daily living, and with no periods of rest prior to each measurements. In addition, ABPM allows analysis of overnight BP during sleep, which adds greater prognostic value to this method.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref> Average waking BP values, however, have considered comparable whether measured by home-based methods or by ABPM<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref>. There is evidence that elevated mean BP values in either one of the two methods (either ABPM or HBPM) is associated with greater cardiovascular risk (CVR) than normal values evidenced by both methods. However, when mean BP was elevated in both ABPM and HBPM, the CVR was even higher. Thus, the two methods should be considered not as competitive, but as complementary techniques for BP assessment.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref></p>
      <p>A study carried out in Ohasama, Japan, originally revealed that home BP had greater predictive value for mortality than casual BP in the general population.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref> Prospective studies have since proven the superiority of home measurements over casual BP in predicting CVR.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref> A meta-analysis provided further evidence that home BP may be a better predictor of CVD and cardiovascular death, allowing for a more accurate stratification of CVR than casual BP measurement, particularly in cases of masked hypertension.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15"><sup>15</sup></xref> Considering surrogate endpoints, a meta-analysis showed that elevated home BP measurements correlated more significantly with subclinical target organ damage, assessed mainly by the left ventricular mass index on echocardiography, when compared to casual BP, having a predictive value similar to that of MAP.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16"><sup>16</sup></xref></p>
      <p>In view of its greater diagnostic accuracy and prognostic capacity, home BP measurement also plays an important role in the follow-up of antihypertensive treatment, as it is superior to casual BP in conditions such as white coat hypertension and masked uncontrolled hypertension in treated patients, as well as for monitoring response to drug titration.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17"><sup>17</sup></xref> In addition, HBPM imposes fewer restrictions on daily activities and is more comfortable during sleep than ABPM.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref> There is also evidence that the combination of home BP measurement and remote telemonitoring was superior to casual BP measurement for treatment control of patients with known hypertension.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18"><sup>18</sup></xref></p>
      <p>Given these many restrictions on casual measurement and in an attempt to ascertain the accuracy of office BP measurement, the <italic>Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial</italic> (SPRINT) used a method that included a rest period before each measurement and averaged multiple readings obtained at each visit for analysis. The protocol also included the use of an appropriately sized cuff, proper patient positioning, back support, feet flat on the floor, arm supported at heart level and cuff placed on a bare arm, with self-measurement performed under the supervision of the investigators.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref> Although arguments have emerged that the BP measurement technique used in the SPRINT trial is atypical, this protocol followed the recommendations of most clinical practice guidelines and was similar to that adopted in many previous trials, in addition to serving as a model for future studies and strengthening guidance regarding the most appropriate technique for office BP measurement.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref></p>
      <p>In the study by Barroso et al.,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref> who used telemonitoring to evaluate HBPM values of 6,731 patients with hypertension undergoing pharmacological treatment (61.3% female; mean age 57.8&#177;12.6 years; mean BMI 29.0&#177;5.1 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), mean systolic BP values were 6.6 mmHg (p&lt;0.001) higher and diastolic BP 4.4 mmHg higher (p&lt;0.001) than on casual measurement. Comparatively, the prevalence of controlled HTN was 61.3% by HBPM versus 57.0% by casual BP measurement (p&lt;0.001). The study also showed a 15.4% prevalence of the white coat effect and 11.1% prevalence of uncontrolled masked hypertension in the evaluated population.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref></p>
      <p>A previously published interim analysis of the same database, involving 1273 participants with prehypertension and stage 1 HTN, had found white coat hypertension in 21.9% and masked hypertension in 11.4%, as well as disagreement with the diagnosis of hypertension by casual BP measurement in 33.3% of patients.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20"><sup>20</sup></xref></p>
      <p>By revealing the reality of HBPM in our country, this study makes an important contribution to the body of evidence that demonstrates the benefits of this method in evaluating the response to HTN treatment, highlighting the need for broader use of this tool in the follow-up of hypertensive patients.</p>
      <p>Given the evidence of the importance of monitoring of BP, it is necessary to reflect on the emerging devices of BP measurement outside the office, many of which are wearable, providing the possibility of unlimited recording, storage, and digital analysis. New digital monitors, which now even dispense the use of inflatable armbands or cuffs, offer greater convenience, and although many have yet to be validated, these are already being used in randomized clinical trials. In addition, the advent of artificial intelligence expands the possibilities of analysis of the enormous body of BP records provided by such devices, which, together with other variables, should bring about a true revolution in knowledge about HTN in the very near future.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21"><sup>21</sup></xref></p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other" id="fn2">
          <p>Short Editorial related to the article: Treated Hypertensive Patients Assessed by Home Blood Pressure Telemonitoring. TeleMRPA Study</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
