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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">NpdcgpC9sGTNG63s7GXXqyR</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2021001100492</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20210619</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20210619</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Est&#225; na Hora de Avan&#231;armos do Diagn&#243;stico para a Interven&#231;&#227;o Ativa nos Ambientes de Trabalho Brasileiros? Um Apelo para A&#231;&#227;o</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Nobre</surname>
            <given-names>Fernando</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1090-8165</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Schmidt</surname>
            <given-names>Andr&#233;</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo (USP), S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>2</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Faculdade</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeir&#227;o Preto - Cardiologia, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Andr&#233; Schmidt</bold> &#8226; Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeir&#227;o Preto - Centro de Cardiologia - HCFMRP-USP - Av. Bandeirantes, 3900. CEP <postal-code>14048-900</postal-code>, Ribeir&#227;o Preto, SP &#8211; Brasil. E-mail: <email>aschmidt@fmrp.usp.br</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>20</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="collection">
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>117</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>492</fpage>
      <lpage>493</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xml:lang="en" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Hipertens&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Sa&#250;de do Trabalhador</kwd>
        <kwd>Epidemiologia</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="14"/>
        <page-count count="2"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>A hipertens&#227;o arterial (HA) &#233; um dos principais fatores de risco de insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca, infarto do mioc&#225;rdio, acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) e doen&#231;a renal cr&#244;nica.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref> De acordo com a Pesquisa Nacional de Sa&#250;de de 2013, 21,4% (IC95% 20,8-22,0) dos adultos autorrelataram a presen&#231;a de HA; no entanto, considerando as medi&#231;&#245;es da press&#227;o arterial (PA) dos respondentes e o uso de medica&#231;&#227;o anti-hipertensiva, a taxa de adultos com PA maior ou igual a 140/90 mmHg chegou a 32,3% (IC95% 31,7-33,0). A preval&#234;ncia de HA foi maior entre os homens, e, conforme o esperado, essa taxa foi altamente influenciada pela idade, chegando a 71,7% dos indiv&#237;duos com mais de 70 anos de idade.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Portanto, todos os estudos que determinam a preval&#234;ncia de HA s&#227;o muito importantes para programas de preven&#231;&#227;o, tratamento e acompanhamento. As amostras representativas da for&#231;a de trabalho s&#227;o de especial import&#226;ncia, pois incluem a popula&#231;&#227;o mais jovem, em idade produtiva e com maior expectativa de vida.</p>
    <p>Diversos estudos publicados no Brasil<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref>&#8211;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>6</sup></xref> avaliaram a preval&#234;ncia de HA e outros fatores de risco em popula&#231;&#245;es de trabalhadores industriais de diferentes &#225;reas de especializa&#231;&#227;o. Nesses estudos, a preval&#234;ncia de HA variou de 6% (est&#225;gio 2), de acordo com o <italic>VII Joint National Committee</italic>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref> a 19%-35,1% em diferentes regi&#245;es brasileiras entre adultos de diferentes idades (idade m&#233;dia de 35,4 anos).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref></p>
    <p>J&#225; est&#225; bem estabelecido que diversos fatores de risco contribuem para o desenvolvimento da HA, como obesidade, abuso de &#225;lcool, sedentarismo, hereditariedade, idade, sexo, entre outros.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref></p>
    <p>No artigo de Xavier et al.,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref> publicado neste volume dos Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, os autores relataram a preval&#234;ncia de HA em uma popula&#231;&#227;o de trabalhadores industriais no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, de pelo menos cinco setores de atividades industriais distintas. Os autores tamb&#233;m avaliaram os fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de HA. O achado de preval&#234;ncia m&#233;dia de 10,3% em pessoas com idade m&#233;dia de 32,8 anos est&#225; de acordo com o observado anteriormente.</p>
    <p>Em rela&#231;&#227;o aos fatores determinantes de HA, foram observadas rela&#231;&#245;es diretas entre idade e PA elevada, sendo mais frequente em homens do que mulheres, em pessoas com excesso de peso e obesas e naqueles com baixa escolaridade e hereditariedade para hipertens&#227;o. Esses dados s&#227;o compat&#237;veis com os relatados em estudos anteriores e em diretrizes de HA.</p>
    <p>Em rela&#231;&#227;o ao estudo, quest&#245;es metodol&#243;gicas podem afetar alguns dos achados, principalmente a aus&#234;ncia de correla&#231;&#245;es estatisticamente significativas com renda familiar, tabagismo, consumo de &#225;lcool e n&#237;vel de atividade f&#237;sica, mesmo considerando que os dados foram obtidos h&#225; mais de uma d&#233;cada.</p>
    <p>Primeiro: o m&#233;todo auscultat&#243;rio de medi&#231;&#227;o da PA est&#225; certamente mais sujeito a erros metodol&#243;gicos e requer equipe qualificada para ser consistente. Hoje em dia, equipamentos autom&#225;ticos bem validados s&#227;o prefer&#237;veis para o diagn&#243;stico, conforme recomendado por diretrizes recentes.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Segundo: a an&#225;lise do estado nutricional por meio do &#237;ndice de massa corporal (IMC) pode ser refinada com a medi&#231;&#227;o da circunfer&#234;ncia da cintura, que est&#225; mais relacionada ao progn&#243;stico, elimina a imprecis&#227;o do IMC na estimativa do ac&#250;mulo de gordura<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10"><sup>10</sup></xref> e aparenta ser mais precisa em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; HA.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Em resumo, o estudo exp&#245;e fatores que podem contribuir para a incid&#234;ncia da HA em uma determinada popula&#231;&#227;o de trabalhadores industriais, alertando para a necessidade de preven&#231;&#227;o, diagn&#243;stico e orienta&#231;&#227;o para uma doen&#231;a de alta morbidade que contribui para altas taxas de mortalidade. Ainda, reproduz dados anteriores e leva a um questionamento intrigante: est&#225; na hora de avan&#231;armos para al&#233;m do diagn&#243;stico?</p>
    <p>No momento atual, pode ser apropriado utilizar os grandes bancos de dados de todas as regi&#245;es do pa&#237;s para dar um passo adiante e propor interven&#231;&#245;es ativas lideradas por organiza&#231;&#245;es de apoio j&#225; existentes e organizadas (SESI e SENAI, por exemplo). Medidas simples, como atividades de promo&#231;&#227;o da sa&#250;de no ambiente de trabalho,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref> o planejamento de alimenta&#231;&#227;o saud&#225;vel para ind&#250;strias com refeit&#243;rio e at&#233; a oferta gratuita de lanches saud&#225;veis, podem impactar futuramente os fatores de risco para HA e sua modifica&#231;&#227;o ou, pelo menos, a percep&#231;&#227;o individual de bem-estar.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref> Algumas iniciativas em nosso pa&#237;s t&#234;m apresentado bons resultados e precisam ser ampliadas.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref> A Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia deve liderar os esfor&#231;os nessa dire&#231;&#227;o!</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other" id="fn1">
        <p>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Fatores Associados &#224; Ocorr&#234;ncia de Hipertens&#227;o Arterial em Trabalhadores da Ind&#250;stria do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
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  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S01" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Is It Time to Move From Diagnosis to Active Intervention in Brazilian Workplaces? A Call for Action</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Fernando</surname>
            <given-names>Nobre</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1090-8165</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Schmidt</surname>
            <given-names>Andr&#233;</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff3">
          <label>1</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo (USP), S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff4">
          <label>2</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeir&#227;o Preto - Cardiologia, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Mailing Address: Andr&#233; Schmidt</bold> &#8226; Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeir&#227;o Preto - Centro de Cardiologia - HCFMRP-USP - Av. Bandeirantes, 3900. Postal Code <postal-code>14048-900</postal-code>, Ribeir&#227;o Preto, SP &#8211; Brazil. E-mail: <email>aschmidt@fmrp.usp.br</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Hypertension</kwd>
        <kwd>Occupational Health</kwd>
        <kwd>Epidemiology</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Arterial hypertension (AH) is a major contributing risk factor for heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, and chronic kidney disease.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref> According to the 2013 Brazilian National Health Survey, 21.4% (95%CI 20.8-22.0) of adults self-reported having AH; however, considering their blood pressure (BP) measurements and the use of antihypertensive medications, the rate of adults with BP greater than or equal to 140/90 mm Hg reached 32.3% (95% CI 31.7-33.0). The prevalence of AH was higher among men, and, as expected, this rate was highly affected by aging, reaching 71.7% for individuals over 70 years of age.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref></p>
      <p>Therefore, every study to determine the prevalence of AH is very important for prevention, treatment, and follow-up programs. Samples representing the workforce are of particular importance because they are younger, in the productive age and have a longer life expectancy.</p>
      <p>Several studies published in Brazil<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref>&#8211;<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>6</sup></xref> have assessed the prevalence of AH and other risk factors in populations of industrial workers across different areas of expertise. In these studies, the prevalence of AH ranged from 6% (stage 2), according to the VII Joint National Committee,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref> to 19%-35.1% in different Brazilians regions among adults of different ages (mean age of 35.4 years).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref></p>
      <p>It is well established that several risk factors contribute to the development of AH, such as obesity, alcohol abuse, physical inactivity, heredity, age, and sex, among others.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref></p>
      <p>In the article by Paula Brustolin Xavier et al.,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref> published in this issue of the <italic>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia,</italic> the authors report the prevalence of AH in a population of industrial workers in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, representing at least 5 sectors of distinct industrial activities. They also assess the risk factors for the development of AH. The finding of a mean prevalence of 10.3% in people with a mean age of 32.8 years is in agreement with those previously observed.</p>
      <p>As for the determining factors of AH, direct relationships have been observed between age and higher BP, being more frequent in men than in women, in overweight and obese people, and in those with low education and heredity for hypertension. These data are compatible with those reported in previous studies and guidelines on AH.</p>
      <p>Regarding their work, methodological issues may affect some of the findings, especially the absence of statistically significant correlations with family income, smoking, alcohol consumption, and level of physical activity, even considering that they were obtained more than a decade ago.</p>
      <p>First: The auscultatory method of measuring BP is certainly more prone to methodological errors and requires well-trained personnel to be consistent. Nowadays, well-validated automatic equipment is preferable for diagnosis, as recommended by recent guidelines.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref></p>
      <p>Second: The analysis of nutritional status using body mass index (BMI) can be refined with the measurement of waist circumference, which is better related to prognosis, eliminates the imprecision of BMI in estimating fat accumulation,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10"><sup>10</sup></xref> and seems to be more precise in relation to AH.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref></p>
      <p>In summary, the study sheds light on factors that can contribute to the incidence of AH in a defined population of industrial workers and, as such, alerts to the need for prevention, diagnosis, and guidance for a disease with high morbidity that contributes to high mortality rates. It reproduces previous data and leads to an intriguing question: Is it time to move forward from diagnosis?</p>
      <p>At the present time, it may be appropriate to use the large databases from all regions of our country to take a step further and propose some active interventions led by the existing well-organized support organizations (SESI and SENAI, for example). Simple measures, such as workplace health promoting activities,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref> healthy meal planning for industries with a cafeteria, and even the offer of free healthy snacks, may have a future impact on risk factors for AH and their modification or, at least, on the personal perception of well-being.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref> Some initiatives in our country have produced good results and need to be expanded.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref> The Brazilian Society of Cardiology must lead this effort!!</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other" id="fn2">
          <p>Short Editorial related to the article: Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Arterial Hypertension in Industry Workers of State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
