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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">PstK5BvqxwgPmgxCWTNBDkz</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2021001100435</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20210562</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20210562</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>A Popula&#231;&#227;o Brasileira Apresenta Preval&#234;ncia de Fibrila&#231;&#227;o Atrial Semelhante &#224; de Pa&#237;ses com Rendas mais Altas, e Baixo Uso de Terapia Anticoagulante</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-5470-0326</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Favarato</surname>
            <given-names>Desiderio</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas, Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o &#8211; Unidade Cl&#237;nica de Aterosclerose, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Desiderio Favarato</bold> &#8226; Incor &#8211; Av. Eneas Carvalho de aguiar, 40, bloco II, 2&#186; andar, sala 2. CEP <postal-code>05403-000</postal-code>, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil. E-mail: <email>desiderio.favarato@gmail.com</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>20</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="collection">
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>117</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>435</fpage>
      <lpage>436</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xml:lang="en" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Fibrila&#231;&#227;o atrial</kwd>
        <kwd>Epidemiologia</kwd>
        <kwd>Preval&#234;ncia</kwd>
        <kwd>Fatores de Risco</kwd>
        <kwd>Taxa de Sobrevida</kwd>
        <kwd>Adulto Jovem</kwd>
        <kwd>Pessoa de Meia Idade</kwd>
        <kwd>Arritmias Card&#237;aca</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="12"/>
        <page-count count="2"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>A fibrila&#231;&#227;o atrial (FA) &#233; a arritmia mais incidente e sua frequ&#234;ncia tem aumentado, j&#225; que uma propor&#231;&#227;o maior de pessoas com idade acima dos 60 anos tem se tornado uma tend&#234;ncia mundial.</p>
    <p>H&#225; um aumento exponencial da FA com o avan&#231;o da idade a partir da faixa dos 50 &#8211; 59 anos, de 5 vezes na faixa dos 60 &#8211; 69 anos, de 7 vezes na faixa dos 70 &#8211; 79 anos, e de 9 vezes acima dos 80 anos de idade.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Os homens apresentam uma incid&#234;ncia mais alta de FA.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Uma grande pesquisa envolvendo veteranos do sexo masculino tamb&#233;m demonstrou diferen&#231;as &#233;tnicas na preval&#234;ncia da FA padronizada pela idade: 3% em hisp&#226;nicos, 3,4% em negros, 3,6% em asi&#225;ticos, 5,2% em ilh&#233;us do Pac&#237;fico, 5,4% em ind&#237;genas norte-americanos e 5,7% em brancos.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Os outros fatores de risco da FA incluem sedentarismo, tabagismo, obesidade, diabetes mellitus, apneia obstrutiva do sono, hipertens&#227;o, consumo de &#225;lcool, doen&#231;a card&#237;aca coron&#225;ria e insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Uma an&#225;lise sistem&#225;tica de estudos publicados desde 2015 mostrou que 30% dos acidentes vasculares cerebrais foram causados pela FA.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>6</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Como observado nas considera&#231;&#245;es iniciais, a FA &#233; uma doen&#231;a potencialmente perigosa com grande impacto em invalidez, mortes e gastos com sa&#250;de.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref> Esse &#250;ltimo foi estudado em detalhes por Barros e Silva et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref></p>
    <p>A taxa de mortalidade brasileira por acidente vascular isqu&#234;mico padronizada por idade e suas complica&#231;&#245;es no ano de 2019 era 28,62/100.000 habitantes entre 35 e 74 de idade (37,10 em homens e 21,39 em mulheres) (calculada a partir de dados do DATASUS e do IBGE com o software Joinpoint).</p>
    <p>Nesta edi&#231;&#227;o, Santos et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref> apresenta os resultados da preval&#234;ncia de FA em um coorte abrangente no Brasil - o estudo ELSA-Brasil, envolvendo 15.105 funcion&#225;rios p&#250;blicos de seis capitais estaduais brasileiras (S&#227;o Paulo, Belo Horizonte, Porto Alegre, Salvador, Rio de Janeiro e Vitoria).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10"><sup>10</sup></xref></p>
    <p>A frequ&#234;ncia de FA de 2,5% determinada foi semelhante &#224; encontrada em outros estudos internacionais,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref> e &#224; de um estudo retrospectivo do estado de Minas Gerais.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref></p>
    <p>As principais doen&#231;as associadas &#224; FA foram a insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca (RC 7,35), doen&#231;a coron&#225;ria (RC 5,11), febre reum&#225;tica (RC 3,38), aumento da idade (RC 1,05 por ano), e hipertens&#227;o (RC 1,44). Os &#237;ndices de terapia anticoagulante foram muito baixos, em 7,25% na condi&#231;&#227;o basal. Embora essa baixa frequ&#234;ncia de anticoagula&#231;&#227;o seja mais alta do que identificada na condi&#231;&#227;o inicial do estudo KP&#8211;RHYTHM (0,7%), ainda &#233; mais baixa do que ap&#243;s o diagn&#243;stico nesse estudo (38%).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Em conclus&#227;o, a carga da FA na popula&#231;&#227;o brasileira &#233; semelhante &#224; da popula&#231;&#227;o mundial e os baixos &#237;ndices de anticoagula&#231;&#227;o autorrelatados pelos sujeitos, 85% dos casos, s&#227;o uma combina&#231;&#227;o ruim para a sa&#250;de p&#250;blica.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other" id="fn1">
        <p>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Diagn&#243;stico de Fibrila&#231;&#227;o Atrial na Comunidade Utilizando Eletrocardiograma e Autorrelato: An&#225;lise Transversal do ELSA-Brasil</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
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  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S01" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Brazilian Population Presents Prevalence of Atrial Fibrillation Similar to Higher Income Countries, and a Low Use of Anticoagulation Therapy</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-5470-0326</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Favarato</surname>
            <given-names>Desiderio</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>1</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas, Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o &#8211; Unidade Cl&#237;nica de Aterosclerose, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Mailing Address: Desiderio Favarato</bold> &#8226; Incor &#8211; Av. Eneas Carvalho de aguiar, 40, bloco II, 2nd floor, room 2. Postal Code <postal-code>05403-000</postal-code>, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil. E-mail: <email>desiderio.favarato@gmail.com</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Atrial Fibrillation</kwd>
        <kwd>Epidemiology</kwd>
        <kwd>Prevalence</kwd>
        <kwd>Risk Factors</kwd>
        <kwd>Rate, Survival</kwd>
        <kwd>Young Adult</kwd>
        <kwd>Middle-Aged</kwd>
        <kwd>Arrhythmias, Cardiac</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most incident arrhythmia and its frequency is increasing as a greater proportion of people over 60 years of age have been become a worldwide tendency.</p>
      <p>There is an exponential increase of AF with the advancing of age from 50-59 years, of 5 fold in 60 &#8211; 69 years, of 7 fold in 70 &#8211; 79 years, and of 9 fold over 80 years.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref></p>
      <p>Men present a higher incidence of AF.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref></p>
      <p>A large survey in male veterans also showed ethnic differences in age-adjusted prevalence of AF: 3% in Hispanics, 3.4% in blacks, 3.6% in Asians, 5.2% in Pacific Islanders, 5.4% in Native Americans, and 5.7% in whites.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref></p>
      <p>Other risk factors for AF include a sedentary lifestyle, smoking, obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, obstructive sleep apnea, hypertension, alcohol consumption, coronary heart disease, and heart failure.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref></p>
      <p>A systematic review of studies published since 2015 showed that 30% of strokes were caused by AF.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>6</sup></xref></p>
      <p>As observed from these initial considerations, AF is a potentially dangerous condition with a great impact on disability, death, and health costs.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref> The latter has been studied extensively by Barros &amp; Silva et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref></p>
      <p>Brazilian age-adjusted mortality rate by ischemic stroke and its complications in 2019 was 28.62/100,000 inhabitants between 35 to 74 years of age (37.10 in men and 21.39 in women) (calculated from DATASUS and IBGE data with Joinpoint software)</p>
      <p>On this issue, Santos et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref> presents the results of AF prevalence in an extensive Brazilian cohort &#8211; ELSA-Brasil: 15,105 civil servants from six Brazilian state capitals (S&#227;o Paulo, Belo Horizonte, Porto Alegre, Salvador, Rio de Janeiro, and Vitoria).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10"><sup>10</sup></xref></p>
      <p>AF frequency of 2.5% was similar to other international studies<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref> as well as to a retrospective Brazilian study from the state of Minas Gerais.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref></p>
      <p>The main associated conditions with AF were heart failure (OR 7.35), coronary disease (OR 5.11), rheumatic fever (3.38), age increment (OR 1.05 per year), and hypertension (OR 1.44). The rate of anticoagulation therapy was very low, 7.25% in the basal condition. Although low, this anticoagulation frequency was higher than that found in the initial condition of KP-RHTYTHM (0.7%) but less than after diagnosis in that study (38%).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref></p>
      <p>In conclusion, the AF burden in the Brazilian population is similar to the global population and the poor anticoagulation rate in the self-reporting subjects, 85% of all cases, a bad consortium for public health.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other" id="fn2">
          <p>Short Editorial related to the article: Atrial Fibrillation Diagnosis using ECG Records and Self-Report in the Community: Cross-Sectional Analysis from ELSA-Brasil</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
