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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">KcMz4dzzMmybVfqVfHwydTm</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2021001100424</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20210067</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20210067</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>A T&#233;cnica de Duplica&#231;&#227;o de Orif&#237;cio na Plastia Valvar Mitral: 35 Anos de Hist&#243;ria</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-0566-1038</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Pomerantzeff</surname>
            <given-names>Pablo Maria Alberto</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Brand&#227;o</surname>
            <given-names>Carlos Manuel de Almeida</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Riso</surname>
            <given-names>Arlindo</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Jatene</surname>
            <given-names>Fabio Biscegli</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o do Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Pablo Maria Alberto Pomerantzeff</bold>, Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o do Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo &#8211; Av. Doutor En&#233;as de Carvalho Aguiar, 44. CEP <postal-code>05403000</postal-code>, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil. E-mail: <email>dcipablo@incor.usp.br</email>, <email>pablo.pomerantzeff@hotmail.com</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>20</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="collection">
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>117</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>424</fpage>
      <lpage>425</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>01</day>
          <month>02</month>
          <year>2021</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>03</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2021</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>03</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2021</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xml:lang="en" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Valva Mitral/cirurgia</kwd>
        <kwd>Doen&#231;as das Valvas Card&#237;acas/cirurgia</kwd>
        <kwd>Morbidade e Mortalidade</kwd>
        <kwd>Tromboembolismo/preven&#231;&#227;o e controle</kwd>
        <kwd>Endocardite/preven&#231;&#227;o e controle</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="2"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="5"/>
        <page-count count="2"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>As vantagens da plastia valvar mitral s&#227;o menor morbimortalidade, redu&#231;&#227;o do risco de tromboembolismo e endocardite, melhora na sobrevida e melhor preserva&#231;&#227;o da fun&#231;&#227;o ventricular esquerda. A causa mais comum de regurgita&#231;&#227;o mitral degenerativa &#233; a v&#225;lvula mixomatosa com prolapso segmentar do folheto posterior; esta les&#227;o pode ser corrigida por t&#233;cnicas cl&#225;ssicas, como a ressec&#231;&#227;o quadrangular, mas outras les&#245;es podem exigir t&#233;cnicas cir&#250;rgicas mais complexas, por exemplo, corre&#231;&#227;o de prolapso do folheto anterior ou doen&#231;a de Barlow. A plastia valvar mitral em pacientes reum&#225;ticos ainda &#233; um desafio.</p>
    <p>Em dezembro 1984, Adib Domingos Jatene MD, PhD realizou a primeira &#8220;duplica&#231;&#227;o de orif&#237;cio mitral&#8221;, em uma paciente feminina com insufici&#234;ncia mitral por ruptura das cordas do folheto anterior (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figura 1</xref>). A t&#233;cnica restaurou a compet&#234;ncia mitral ancorando a borda livre dos folhetos em prolapso &#224; borda livre correspondente do folheto oposto com um ponto de polipropileno 5-0 refor&#231;ado com compressas. A paciente apresentou boa evolu&#231;&#227;o imediata e tardia.</p>
    <fig id="f1">
      <label>Figura 1</label>
      <caption>
        <title>Relat&#243;rio de cirurgia de plastia valvar mitral pela t&#233;cnica de duplica&#231;&#227;o de orif&#237;cio.</title>
      </caption>
      <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-117-03-0424-10067-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
    <p>Em 1998, Maisano et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref> publicaram a t&#233;cnica de &#8220;duplica&#231;&#227;o de orif&#237;cio mitral&#8221;, conhecida como a t&#233;cnica &#8220;borda a borda&#8221;, que vinha sendo realizada desde 1991, segundo os autores. Subsequentemente, Alfieri et al. publicaram os resultados de m&#233;dio prazo desta t&#233;cnica &#250;nica,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref> mostrando a sua efic&#225;cia e durabilidade, e o mesmo grupo recentemente publicou os resultados de longo prazo (18 anos).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Desde 1980, n&#243;s realizamos a plastia valvar mitral com diferentes t&#233;cnicas, incluindo a &#8220;duplica&#231;&#227;o de orif&#237;cio mitral&#8221;, conforme publicado em 1994 pelo nosso grupo,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref> com bons resultados a longo prazo (17 anos).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref> Realizamos este tipo de plastia valvar mitral em pacientes com anel valvar largo no sentido de n&#227;o haver risco de causar estenose. Evidentemente, a degenera&#231;&#227;o dos tecidos das c&#250;spides deve ser avaliada no ato operat&#243;rio, assim como as cordas tendinosas e os m&#250;sculos papilares, mas &#233; necess&#225;rio lembrar que, corrigida a insufici&#234;ncia mitral, o estresse das c&#250;spides &#233; fortemente reduzido. Outro detalhe importante em qualquer plastia valvar mitral &#233; a an&#225;lise da coapta&#231;&#227;o entre as c&#250;spides anterior e posterior, por meio do teste de solu&#231;&#227;o salina, injetada pela mitral no ventr&#237;culo esquerdo. Quando utilizamos a duplica&#231;&#227;o de orif&#237;cio mitral, devemos verificar n&#227;o apenas a coapta&#231;&#227;o no local da duplica&#231;&#227;o, que obviamente &#233; boa, visto que existe uma sutura entre as c&#250;spides, mas tamb&#233;m a coapta&#231;&#227;o em toda a extens&#227;o da borda entre as c&#250;spides anterior e posterior.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>Refer&#234;ncias</title>
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        <label>1</label>
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              <surname>Monteiro</surname>
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              <surname>Zeratti</surname>
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        <mixed-citation>4. Pomerantzeff PMA, Brand&#227;o CMA, Monteiro ACM, Nercessian AC, Zeratti AE, Stolf NAG, et al. Mitral valve repair: 12 years experience and evolution of techniques. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg. 1994;9(1):22-8.</mixed-citation>
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  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S01" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>The Double-Orifice Technique in Mitral Valve Repair: 35 Years of History</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-0566-1038</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Pomerantzeff</surname>
            <given-names>Pablo Maria Alberto</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Brand&#227;o</surname>
            <given-names>Carlos Manuel de Almeida</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Riso</surname>
            <given-names>Arlindo</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Jatene</surname>
            <given-names>Fabio Biscegli</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>1</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o do Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Mailing Address: Pablo Maria Alberto Pomerantzeff</bold>, Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o do Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo &#8211; Av. Doutor En&#233;as de Carvalho Aguiar, 44. Postal Code <postal-code>05403000</postal-code>, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil. E-mail: <email>dcipablo@incor.usp.br</email>, <email>pablo.pomerantzeff@hotmail.com</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Mitral Valve/surgery</kwd>
        <kwd>Heart Valve Diseases/surgery</kwd>
        <kwd>Morbidity and Mortality</kwd>
        <kwd>Thromboembolism/prevention and control</kwd>
        <kwd>Endocarditis/prevention and control</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>The advantages of mitral valve repair are lower morbidity and mortality, reduced risk of thromboembolism and endocarditis, improved survival, and better preservation of left ventricular function. The most common cause of degenerative mitral regurgitation is a myxomatous valve with segmental prolapse of the posterior leaflet, a lesion that can be corrected by classical techniques such as quadrangular resection, but other lesions may require more complex surgical techniques, for instance, correction of anterior leaflet prolapse or Barlow disease. Mitral valve repair in rheumatic patients is still a challenge.</p>
      <p>In December 1984, Adib Domingos Jatene MD, PhD performed the first &#8220;duplication of the mitral orifice&#8221;, in a female patient with mitral insufficiency due to rupture of anterior leaflet chordae (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figure 1</xref>). The technique restored mitral competence by anchoring the free edge of the prolapsing leaflets to the corresponding free edge of the opposing leaflet with a 5-0 polypropylene stitch reinforced with pledgets. The patient presented good immediate and long-term evolution.</p>
      <fig id="f2">
        <label>Figure 1</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Surgical report of mitral valve repair with the double-orifice technique.</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-117-03-0424-10067-gf01-en.jpg"/></fig>
      <p>In 1998, Maisano et al.,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref> published the technique of &#8220;duplication of the mitral orifice&#8221;, known as the &#8220;edge-to-edge&#8221; technique, which had been performed since 1991 according to the authors. Subsequently, Alfieri et al. published the midterm results of this single technique,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref> showing effectiveness and durability, and the same group recently published the long-term (18 years) results.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref></p>
      <p>Since 1980, we have been performing mitral valve repair with different techniques, including the &#8220;duplication of the mitral orifice&#8221;, as published in 1994 by our group,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref> with good long-term (17 years) results.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref> We perform this type of mitral valve repair in patients who have a large valve ring so that there is no risk of causing stenosis. Evidently, cusp tissue degeneration must be evaluated in the operative act, as well as the tendinous cords and the papillary muscles, but we must remember that once mitral insufficiency has been corrected, cusp stress is greatly reduced. Another important detail in any mitral valve repair is the analysis of coaptation between the anterior and posterior cusps, using the saline test, injected through the mitral into the left ventricle. When we use the mitral duplication of the mitral orifice, we must verify not only the coaptation in the duplication site, which is obviously good, given that there is a suture between the cusps, but also coaptation throughout the extent of the edge between the anterior and posterior cusps.</p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
