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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">B4VNwrNkRNwfcyww9TjkkKk</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2021001000350</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20210596</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20210596</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Padr&#227;o Eletrocardiogr&#225;fico de Brugada &#8211; Dificuldades no Reconhecimento de uma Condi&#231;&#227;o Potencialmente Letal</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6313-4933</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Facin</surname>
            <given-names>Mirella</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas HCFMUSP</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o (InCor) - Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas HCFMUSP - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil.</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Mirella Facin &#8226;</bold> Unidade Cl&#237;nica de Eletrocardiografia de Repouso - Avenida Doutor En&#233;as de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Andar AB. CEP <postal-code>05403-900</postal-code>, Cerqueira C&#233;sar, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil. E-mail: <email>mirellafacin@incor.fm.usp.br</email>, <email>mirellafacin@gmail.com</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>06</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="collection">
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>117</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>350</fpage>
      <lpage>351</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xml:lang="en" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>S&#237;ndrome de Brugada</kwd>
        <kwd>Padr&#227;o Eletrocardiogr&#225;fico de Brugada</kwd>
        <kwd>Preval&#234;ncia de ECG de Brugada</kwd>
        <kwd>ECG Padr&#227;o de 12 Deriva&#231;&#245;es</kwd>
        <kwd>Brasil</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="15"/>
        <page-count count="2"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>O achado de uma peculiar eleva&#231;&#227;o do segmento ST nas deriva&#231;&#245;es precordiais direitas foi inicialmente considerado uma variante do normal.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref> A primeira pista de que esse sinal eletrocardiogr&#225;fico (ECG) e a morte card&#237;aca s&#250;bita (MSC) poderiam estar associados surgiu a partir de uma s&#233;rie de casos veiculada em 1989.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref> Tr&#234;s anos depois, Brugada <italic>et al</italic>. publicaram um relato de oito pacientes que apresentavam bloqueio de ramo direito, eleva&#231;&#227;o persistente do segmento ST em V1-3 e epis&#243;dios m&#250;ltiplos de fibrila&#231;&#227;o ventricular, uma nova s&#237;ndrome cl&#237;nica e eletrocardiogr&#225;fica mais tarde batizada pelo sobrenome desses autores.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref> Hoje, a s&#237;ndrome de Brugada (SB) ainda atrai muito interesse devido &#224; sua alta preval&#234;ncia em regi&#245;es espec&#237;ficas do mundo e letalidade potencial em adultos jovens que, sob outros aspectos, seriam saud&#225;veis.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Respons&#225;vel por 4% a 12% de todos os casos de MSC no mundo e por um quinto dos que acontecem em cora&#231;&#245;es estruturalmente normais,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>6</sup></xref> a SBr &#233; uma cardiopatia autoss&#244;mica dominante, com penetr&#226;ncia incompleta quanto a sexo e idade, causada por canais de s&#243;dio disfuncionais.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref> Embora geralmente silenciosa, a SB se destaca clinicamente pela predomin&#226;ncia do sexo masculino, e manifesta&#231;&#227;o entre a terceira e a quinta d&#233;cadas de vida.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref> Os pacientes acometidos exibem altera&#231;&#245;es eletrocardiogr&#225;ficas e maior suscetibilidade a arritmias card&#237;acas.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref> Os sintomas, quando presentes, podem variar desde s&#237;ncope at&#233; MSC, dependendo do tipo e da dura&#231;&#227;o dos eventos arr&#237;tmicos, que quase sempre ocorrem em repouso ou condi&#231;&#245;es vagot&#244;nicas.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Os achados eletrocardiogr&#225;ficos incluem anormalidades de despolariza&#231;&#227;o e repolariza&#231;&#227;o ventricular que ocorrem na aus&#234;ncia de doen&#231;a card&#237;aca estrutural significativa.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref> Dois arranjos distintos s&#227;o descritos atualmente.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref> Ondas J proeminentes, eleva&#231;&#227;o do segmento ST &#8805; 2 mm e ondas T negativas em pelo menos uma deriva&#231;&#227;o precordial direita convencional ou superior &#8211; o padr&#227;o eletrocardiogr&#225;fico de Brugada do tipo 1 &#8211; &#233; a principal caracter&#237;stica da s&#237;ndrome e essencial para diagn&#243;stico, progn&#243;stico e estratifica&#231;&#227;o de risco.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref> Entretanto, o diagn&#243;stico de SB s&#243; &#233; assegurado quando o ECG do tipo 1 est&#225; associado a sintomas arr&#237;tmicos, hist&#243;rico familiar de PEBr ou MSC, e outros marcadores espec&#237;ficos.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref> Caso contr&#225;rio, o indiv&#237;duo &#233; considerado apenas portador do padr&#227;o eletrocardiogr&#225;fico de Brugada. Por outro lado, o padr&#227;o tipo 2 ou &#8220;em sela&#8221; (onda r' seguida por um segmento ST elevado e convexo), embora altamente suspeito, n&#227;o &#233; diagn&#243;stico e requer investiga&#231;&#227;o suplementar.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Identificar a frequ&#234;ncia e distribui&#231;&#227;o do PEBr &#233; essencial para predi&#231;&#227;o da carga futura da doen&#231;a e orienta&#231;&#227;o de pol&#237;ticas de sa&#250;de p&#250;blica.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10"><sup>10</sup></xref> Os aspectos epidemiol&#243;gicos da SB e dos padr&#245;es eletrocardiogr&#225;ficos a ela relacionados foram a quest&#227;o principal de importantes estudos publicados nas &#250;ltimas tr&#234;s d&#233;cadas. No entanto, determinar o &#244;nus desses dist&#250;rbios n&#227;o &#233; tarefa f&#225;cil e pode apresentar cr&#237;ticos entraves.</p>
    <p>O primeiro diz respeito &#224; natureza transit&#243;ria do substrato eletrofisiol&#243;gico de base, que pode ser modulado ou induzido por drogas e altera&#231;&#245;es auton&#244;micas ou metab&#243;licas.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref> Outrossim, o PEBr pode ser din&#226;mico e, por vezes, oculto.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref> Desta forma, as circunst&#226;ncias, a dura&#231;&#227;o, a periodicidade e as ferramentas utilizadas para a aquisi&#231;&#227;o e o monitoramento do ECG podem impactar consideravelmente a probabilidade diagn&#243;stica. Como as altera&#231;&#245;es el&#233;tricas se concentram na via de sa&#237;da do ventr&#237;culo direito, o posicionamento de V1 e V2 nos espa&#231;os intercostais superiores aumenta a chance de reconhecimento do PEBr, em compara&#231;&#227;o com o ECG convencional de 12 deriva&#231;&#245;es.</p>
    <p>Outra armadilha diz respeito ao curso cl&#237;nico. Os portadores de PEBr e a maioria dos pacientes com SB s&#227;o assintom&#225;ticos.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref> Eles n&#227;o procuram voluntariamente os servi&#231;os m&#233;dicos e, portanto, podem estar sub-representados em coortes de centros terci&#225;rios. Al&#233;m disso, PEBr n&#227;o &#233; espec&#237;fico da SB, outras doen&#231;as devem ser exclu&#237;das, como infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio, desequil&#237;brio eletrol&#237;tico, embolia pulmonar e massas mediastinais.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Por &#250;ltimo, e n&#227;o menos importante, a frequ&#234;ncia do PEBr e da s&#237;ndrome de Brugada diferem significativamente entre os continentes. Essa grande varia&#231;&#227;o se deve provavelmente &#224; intera&#231;&#227;o entre aspectos locais/ambientais e raciais/gen&#233;ticos.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref> Entretanto, ela pode tamb&#233;m refletir a heterogeneidade dos estudos em rela&#231;&#227;o ao tipo/n&#250;mero de centros de pesquisa, m&#233;todos de amostragem, caracter&#237;sticas e tamanho da popula&#231;&#227;o estudada, crit&#233;rios de inclus&#227;o e ferramentas de triagem. Esses fatores resultam em achados que nem sempre s&#227;o generaliz&#225;veis. Por isso, a epidemiologia da SBr e do PEBr continuam sendo desconhecidas em muitas partes do globo.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref></p>
    <p>O primeiro estudo brasileiro sobre a preval&#234;ncia do PEBr foi publicado na presente edi&#231;&#227;o dos Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15"><sup>15</sup></xref> Os autores avaliaram o banco de dados de telemedicina dos laudos de tra&#231;ados de ECG convencional de 12 deriva&#231;&#245;es de 716.973 indiv&#237;duos atendidos nas unidades b&#225;sicas de sa&#250;de de mais de 250 cidades em Santa Catarina, Brasil, entre 2010 e 2015. Nessa amostra, diferente da maioria dos estudos, o tipo 1 (4,6/100.000) foi mais frequente do que o tipo 2 (3,0/100.000).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref> &#201; interessante notar que a preval&#234;ncia encontrada pelos autores foi no m&#237;nimo dez vezes menor do que a estimada em pa&#237;ses ocidentais e menos de 1% daquela descrita na &#193;sia, onde a SB &#233; end&#234;mica, por estudos que tamb&#233;m usaram ECG convencional de 12 deriva&#231;&#245;es.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref> O estudo de Militz <italic>et al</italic>. &#233; not&#225;vel pelo tamanho consider&#225;vel de sua amostra e pela extensa cobertura territorial. N&#227;o obstante, se esses valores representam todos os habitantes de Santa Catarina e a sua varia&#231;&#227;o gen&#233;tica &#233; uma quest&#227;o a ser confirmada.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15"><sup>15</sup></xref> Ademais, esses n&#250;meros n&#227;o devem ser extrapolados para toda a popula&#231;&#227;o do Brasil, um pa&#237;s de dimens&#245;es continentais onde cada estado exibe uma mistura &#250;nica de ra&#231;as e origens &#233;tnicas. Embora n&#227;o se possam excluir quest&#245;es de amostragem e diagn&#243;stico, j&#225; que a maioria dos tra&#231;ados de ECG n&#227;o foi revista, esse estudo foi o primeiro a avaliar a frequ&#234;ncia de PEBr no Brasil. Ainda assim, s&#227;o necess&#225;rios mais estudos para delinear a carga da SB e de seus padr&#245;es eletrocardiogr&#225;ficos no territ&#243;rio nacional.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other" id="fn1">
        <p>
          <italic>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Preval&#234;ncia e Caracter&#237;sticas relacionadas de Pacientes com Eletrocardiograma com padr&#227;o de Brugada em Santa Catarina, Brasil</italic>
        </p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
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  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S01" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Brugada ECG Pattern &#8211; A Blip on the Radar for a Pontentially Life-Threatening Condition</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6313-4933</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Facin</surname>
            <given-names>Mirella</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>1</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o (InCor) - Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas HCFMUSP - Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil.</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Mailing Address: Mirella Facin &#8226;</bold> Unidade Cl&#237;nica de Eletrocardiografia de Repouso - Avenida Doutor En&#233;as de Carvalho Aguiar, 44 - Andar AB. Postal Code <postal-code>05403-900</postal-code>, Cerqueira C&#233;sar, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil. E-mail: <email>mirellafacin@incor.fm.usp.br</email>, <email>mirellafacin@gmail.com</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Brugada Syndrome</kwd>
        <kwd>Brugada Electrocardiographic Pattern</kwd>
        <kwd>Brugada ECG Prevalence</kwd>
        <kwd>Standard 12-Lead ECG</kwd>
        <kwd>Brazil</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>The finding of a singular ST-segment elevation in the right precordial leads was first considered a normal variant.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref> An initial hint that this electrocardiographic (ECG) sign and sudden cardiac death (SCD) were possibly associated sprang from a case series published in 1989.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2"><sup>2</sup></xref> Three years later, Brugada <italic>et al.</italic> reported on eight patients who presented with right bundle branch block, persistent ST-segment elevation in V1-3, and multiple episodes of ventricular fibrillation, a new clinical and ECG syndrome that was later named after them.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref> Nowadays, Brugada syndrome (BrS) still attracts much interest due to its high prevalence in specific world regions and potential lethality in otherwise healthy young adults.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref></p>
      <p>Accounting for 4% to 12% of all cases of SCD globally and one fifth of those occurring in structurally normal hearts,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>6</sup></xref> BrS is an autosomal dominant cardiac disease, with incomplete sex- and age-related penetrance, caused by dysfunctional sodium channels.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref> Although it is usually silent, BrS is clinically remarkable for male predominance, manifesting between the third and fifth decades of life.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref> Affected patients display ECG abnormalities and increased susceptibility to cardiac arrhythmias.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref> Symptoms, when present, may vary from syncope to SCD depending on the sort and duration of arrhythmic events, which often occur at rest or in vagotonic conditions.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref></p>
      <p>ECG findings include depolarization and repolarization abnormalities in the absence of overt structural heart disease.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref> Two distinct arrangements are currently described: type 1 and type 2 Brugada ECG pattern (BrEP).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref> Prominent J waves, upward ST-segment elevation &#8805; 2 mm, and negative T waves in at least one standard or superior right precordial lead, the type 1 (&#8220;coved&#8221;) pattern, is the BrS signature, and it is essential to diagnosis, prognosis, and risk stratification.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref> However, diagnosis of BrS is only warranted when type 1 ECG is associated with arrhythmic symptoms, family history of BrEP or SCD, and specific surrogate markers.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref> Otherwise, the individual will be considered merely a carrier of BrEP. Conversely, the type 2 (&#8220;saddle-back&#8221;) pattern, an r' wave followed by elevated and convex ST-segment, although highly suspicious, is not diagnostic, and it requires supplementary investigation.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref></p>
      <p>Identifying BrEP frequency and distribution is a cornerstone for predicting future disease load and guiding public health policies.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10"><sup>10</sup></xref> The epidemiology aspects of BrS and related ECG patterns were the primary issue in pivotal studies published in the last three decades. However, determining the burden of these disorders is not easily accomplished; on the contrary, it might pose critical caveats.</p>
      <p>The first one regards the primarily transient nature of the underlying electrophysiological substrate, which can be modulated or induced by drugs and autonomic or metabolic conditions.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref> Likewise, rather than stagnant, the BrEP is dynamic and often concealed.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref> Consequently, the circumstances, duration, periodicity, and tools used for ECG monitoring may directly impact the diagnostic yield for Brugada ECG signs. As electrical abnormalities concentrate in the right ventricular outflow tract, positioning V1 and V2 in superior intercostal spaces increases the odds of recognizing a BrEP compared to a standard 12-lead ECG.</p>
      <p>Another pitfall lies in the clinical course. Carriers of BrEP and most patients with BrS are asymptomatic.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref> They do not voluntarily seek health care facilities, and they may, therefore, be underrepresented in tertiary center cohorts. Additionally, BrEP is not specific for BrS; other conditions should be excluded, such as acute myocardial infarction, electrolyte imbalances, pulmonary embolism, and mediastinal masses.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref></p>
      <p>Last but not least, the frequencies of BrEP and BrS differ significantly worldwide. This wide range is likely due to the interaction between local/environmental and racial-specific/genetic aspects.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref> However, it may also reflect the heterogeneity of studies regarding type/number of research centers, sampling methods, study population characteristics and size, inclusion criteria, and screening tools. These factors result in findings that are not always generalizable. Thereby, the epidemiology of BrS and BrEP remains unknown in many parts of the globe.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref></p>
      <p>The first Brazilian study on BrEP was published in the current edition of Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15"><sup>15</sup></xref> The authors assessed the telemedicine database for written reports of standard 12-lead ECG tracings from 716,973 individuals attended in basic health units of over 250 cities in Santa Catarina, Brazil, between 2010 and 2015. In their sample, unlike most studies, type 1 (4.6/100000) was more frequent than type 2 (3.0/100000).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref> Interestingly, the prevalence reported therein was at least ten times lower than that estimated in Western countries and less than 1% of that described in Asia, where BrS is endemic, by studies that also used standard 12-lead ECG.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref> The study by Militz <italic>et al</italic>. is remarkable for its sizeable study population and extensive territorial coverage, but whether those values represent all of Santa Catarina's inhabitants and their genetic variation remains unclear.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15"><sup>15</sup></xref> Moreover, these findings cannot be extrapolated to the entire population of Brazil, a continent-sized country where each state has a unique blend of races and ethnic origins. Although sampling and diagnostic issues cannot be excluded, as most ECG tracings were not reviewed, this study was the first to assess the frequency of BrEP in Brazil. Still, more studies are needed to outline the burden of BrS and its patterns nationwide.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other" id="fn2">
          <p>
            <italic>Short Editorial related to the article: Prevalence and Related Characteristics of Patients with Brugada Pattern Electrocardiogram in Santa Catarina, Brazil</italic>
          </p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
