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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">XJjfHYdGtSr5b9MGMTTd9dv</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2021000900026</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20210426</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20210426</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Regress&#227;o do Supradesnivelamento do Segmento ST como Preditor de Reperfus&#227;o no Infarto Agudo do Mioc&#225;rdio: Uma Inc&#243;gnita Persistente</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Macedo</surname>
            <given-names>Frederico V. B.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ferreira</surname>
            <given-names>Domingos S&#225;vio G.</given-names>
            <suffix>Filho</suffix>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Nogueira</surname>
            <given-names>Marcelo Augusto A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1527-8131</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Silva</surname>
            <given-names>Victor Raggazzi H. da</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5586-774X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Nascimento</surname>
            <given-names>Bruno R.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Belo Horizonte</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">MG</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Belo Horizonte</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">MG</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Bruno R. Nascimento &#8226;</bold> Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Servi&#231;o de Cardiologia e Cirurgia Carvdiovascular - Rua Professor Alfredo Balena, 110, 1&#186;andar. CEP 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, MG &#8211; Brasil E-mail: <email>ramosnas@gmail.com</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>26</day>
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="collection">
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>117</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>26</fpage>
      <lpage>27</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p> This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. </license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Regress&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Supradesnivelamento</kwd>
        <kwd>Preditor</kwd>
        <kwd>Reperfus&#227;o</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="2"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="11"/>
        <page-count count="2"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>A doenc&#807;a isque&#770;mica do mioca&#769;rdio e&#769; a principal causa de morte no mundo, assim como no Brasil.<sup><xref rid="B1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref></sup> Sua apresenta&#231;&#227;o de maior gravidade e&#769; o infarto agudo do mioca&#769;rdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAMCSST),<sup><xref rid="B2" ref-type="bibr">2</xref></sup> que tem na reperfusa&#771;o precoce a principal terapia para diminui&#231;&#227;o da mortalidade.<sup><xref rid="B3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref></sup> Embora a interven&#231;&#227;o coron&#225;ria percut&#226;nea (ICP) prim&#225;ria seja considerada o tratamento &#8220;padr&#227;o ouro&#8221; para o IAMCSST, ela n&#227;o est&#225; suficientemente dispon&#237;vel, e o acesso a ela &#233; ainda desigual.<sup><xref rid="B3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref>,<xref rid="B4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref></sup> O eletrocardiograma (ECG) &#233; a principal ferramenta para o diagn&#243;stico precoce do IAM e para a decis&#227;o sobre a terap&#234;utica a ser implementada.<sup><xref rid="B5" ref-type="bibr">5</xref></sup> Considerando-se a facilidade de obten&#231;&#227;o, disponibilidade e praticidade do ECG na emerg&#234;ncia, a redu&#231;&#227;o do supradesnivelamento do segmento-ST (RST) &#233; proposta como a melhor ferramenta para predizer o sucesso terap&#234;utico p&#243;s-tromb&#243;lise.<sup><xref rid="B6" ref-type="bibr">6</xref></sup> No entanto, o m&#233;todo tem reconhecidas limita&#231;&#245;es, que t&#234;m motivado investiga&#231;&#245;es adicionais.</p>
    <p>Neste contexto, o artigo &#8220;Acur&#225;cia da Redu&#231;&#227;o do Segmento-ST P&#243;s-Tromb&#243;lise como Preditor de Reperfus&#227;o Adequada em Estrat&#233;gia F&#225;rmaco-Invasiva&#8221;<sup><xref rid="B7" ref-type="bibr">7</xref></sup> prop&#245;e avaliar as altera&#231;&#245;es no segmento ST p&#243;s-fibrin&#243;lise e seu poder de predizer reperfus&#227;o adequada utilizando-se os escores angiogr&#225;ficos TIMI-<italic>flow</italic> e o <italic>blush</italic> mioc&#225;rdico (MBG) como crit&#233;rios de reperfus&#227;o ideal. Nesse estudo, 2.215 pacientes com diagn&#243;stico de IAMCSST foram submetidos &#224; fibrin&#243;lise e encaminhados para angiografia em at&#233; 24h, ou imediatamente encaminhados &#224; ICP de resgate em caso de insucesso. O ECG foi realizado pr&#233;-TNK e 60 min ap&#243;s, e os pacientes foram categorizados em: aqueles com reperfus&#227;o ideal (TIMI-3 e MBG-3) e aqueles com reperfus&#227;o inadequada (fluxo TIMI &lt;3). Foi definido como crit&#233;rio de reperfus&#227;o ao ECG a RST &gt;50%. O crit&#233;rio de reperfus&#227;o pelo ECG apresentou valor preditivo positivo (VPP) de 56%; valor preditivo negativo (VPN) de 66%; sensibilidade de 79%; e especificidade de 40%. Houve fraca correla&#231;&#227;o positiva entre a RST e dados angiogr&#225;ficos de reperfus&#227;o ideal (r=0,21; p&lt;0,001) e baixa precis&#227;o diagn&#243;stica, com &#225;rea sob a curva ROC de 0,60 (IC95%; 0,57-0,62). Os resultados evidenciaram que a RST, n&#227;o conseguiu identificar com precis&#227;o os pacientes com reperfus&#227;o angiogr&#225;fica apropriada. Portanto, prop&#245;e-se que mesmo pacientes com reperfus&#227;o aparentemente bem-sucedida ao ECG devem ser encaminhados &#224; angiografia, para garantir fluxo macro/microvascular adequado.</p>
    <p>Em revis&#227;o com dados preliminares, Lemos e Braunwald<sup><xref rid="B8" ref-type="bibr">8</xref></sup> avaliaram a RST como ferramenta para medir a efic&#225;cia da terapia de reperfus&#227;o. Observou-se que, apesar de diferen&#231;as entre os estudos no que diz respeito &#224;s medica&#231;&#245;es e valores considerados para a RST, esse seria preditor altamente preciso da pat&#234;ncia da art&#233;ria do infarto (VPP=90%), mas &#224;s custas de um VPN de apenas aproximadamente 50%. Lemos e Braunwald<sup><xref rid="B8" ref-type="bibr">8</xref></sup> pontuaram ainda que a RST, associada a dor e a concentra&#231;&#227;o s&#233;rica de marcadores de necrose mioc&#225;rdica poderia ser usada para predizer falha na reperfus&#227;o, tendo sido propostos 3 crit&#233;rios: RST&lt; 50% em 90 min, dor tor&#225;cica persistente em 90 min e rela&#231;&#227;o de mioglobina s&#233;rica aos 60 minutos/basal&lt; 4. Entretanto, ainda que a utiliza&#231;&#227;o destes crit&#233;rios em conjunto melhorasse a acur&#225;cia, havia um consider&#225;vel &#237;ndice de falsos-positivos na predi&#231;&#227;o de sucesso da reperfus&#227;o.<sup><xref rid="B8" ref-type="bibr">8</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Em outro estudo, avaliou-se a RST ap&#243;s tromb&#243;lise em pacientes com idade maior ou menor que 65 anos com IAMCSST, com a realiza&#231;&#227;o de ECGs seriados no seguimento. Nos dias 1 e 2 ap&#243;s o tratamento, o percentual de RST foi maior entre pacientes mais jovens. Al&#233;m disso, a fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o ventricular esquerda foi significativamente menor nos mais idosos. Portanto, os dados demonstraram uma pior resposta &#224; terapia trombol&#237;tica em pacientes com idade mais avan&#231;ada, sugerindo que a fun&#231;&#227;o sist&#243;lica prejudicada nesse grupo pudesse estar associada ao atraso na RST. Ademais, prop&#244;s-se que a angiografia e ICP precoces pudessem ser mais indicadas para essa popula&#231;&#227;o.<sup><xref rid="B9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref></sup> Ainda, estudos que analisaram fatores cl&#237;nicos relacionados &#224; RST ap&#243;s ICP prim&#225;ria tamb&#233;m verificaram melhor resposta em indiv&#237;duos mais jovens. Isso nos faz pensar sobre a possibilidade de idosos j&#225; terem disfun&#231;&#245;es microvasculares anteriores ao IAM, contribuindo para a RST incompleta.<sup><xref rid="B10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref></sup></p>
    <p>No entanto, ainda se busca par&#226;metros eletrocardiogr&#225;ficos adicionais para aperfei&#231;oar a acur&#225;cia da predi&#231;&#227;o do sucesso terap&#234;utico p&#243;s-tromb&#243;lise. Dotta et al.<sup><xref rid="B11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref></sup> analisaram o desempenho da dispers&#227;o do intervalo QT como marcador precoce de reperfus&#227;o, em adi&#231;&#227;o aos crit&#233;rios cl&#225;ssicos. A angiografia foi realizada em todos os pacientes, com avalia&#231;&#227;o do fluxo pelo crit&#233;rio TIMI e MBG da art&#233;ria culpada. Os dados sugerem que a dispers&#227;o regional do intervalo QT, corrigido pela frequ&#234;ncia card&#237;aca, possa ser um par&#226;metro &#250;til na identifica&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o-invasiva de reperfus&#227;o.<sup><xref rid="B11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Dito isso, a revis&#227;o da literatura refor&#231;a as conclus&#245;es do presente estudo.<sup><xref rid="B7" ref-type="bibr">7</xref></sup> A RST p&#243;s-tromb&#243;lise isoladamente n&#227;o define com exatid&#227;o os pacientes com reperfus&#227;o adequada (<xref rid="t1" ref-type="table">Tabela 1</xref>). H&#225; alguns fatores cl&#237;nicos relacionados a menores &#237;ndices de RST &#8211; como a idade avan&#231;ada e maior tempo de evolu&#231;&#227;o do IAM &#8211; que podem indicar realiza&#231;&#227;o de angiografia de forma precoce, e novos par&#226;metros do ECG podem somar ao poder preditivo da RST. Portanto, investiga&#231;&#245;es adicionais s&#227;o necess&#225;rias para se identificar os marcadores ideais de reperfus&#227;o angiogr&#225;fica adequada.</p>
    <p>
      <table-wrap id="t1">
        <label>Tabela 1</label>
        <caption>
          <title>&#8211; Sum&#225;rio de estudos que avaliaram a resolu&#231;&#227;o do segmento ST como crit&#233;rio de sucesso para reperfus&#227;o no infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio</title>
        </caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
          <colgroup>
            <col/>
            <col/>
          </colgroup>
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th align="left">Artigos</th>
              <th>Principais achados</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td>Acur&#225;cia da Redu&#231;&#227;o do Segmento-ST P&#243;s-tromb&#243;lise como Preditor de Reperfus&#227;o Adequada em Estrat&#233;gia F&#225;rmaco-Invasiva<sup>7</sup></td>
              <td align="center">Crit&#233;rio de reperfus&#227;o do ECG: redu&#231;&#227;o do segmento ST &gt;50%; VPP de 56%; VPN de 66%; Sensibilidade de 79%; Especificidade de 40%; Conclus&#227;o: houve fraca correla&#231;&#227;o positiva entre a redu&#231;&#227;o do segmento-ST e os dados angiogr&#225;ficos de reperfus&#227;o ideal, al&#233;m de uma baixa precis&#227;o diagn&#243;stica (AUC=0,60).</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>ST segment resolution as a tool for assessing the efficacy of reperfusion therapy<sup>8</sup></td>
              <td align="center">A resolu&#231;&#227;o do segmento ST &#233; um preditor altamente preciso da pat&#234;ncia da art&#233;ria do infarto (VPP de 90%); No entanto, &#233; impreciso para prever manuten&#231;&#227;o da oclus&#227;o da art&#233;ria relacionada ao infarto (VPP de 50%). A associa&#231;&#227;o dessa vari&#225;vel com dor e a concentra&#231;&#227;o s&#233;rica de mioglobina podem ser usadas em conjunto para predizer falha na reperfus&#227;o. Entretanto, h&#225; ainda a limita&#231;&#227;o dos diagn&#243;sticos falsos-positivos de reperfus&#227;o.</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>Resolution of ST-segment Elevation After Thrombolytic Therapy in Elderly Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction<sup>9</sup></td>
              <td align="center">Idosos parecem ter pior resposta &#224; terapia trombol&#237;tica em termos de resolu&#231;&#227;o do segmento ST, o que pode estar associado a uma pior fun&#231;&#227;o ventricular esquerda neste grupo; A interven&#231;&#227;o coron&#225;ria percut&#226;nea precoce pode ser um m&#233;todo mais aconselhado para essa popula&#231;&#227;o.</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td>A Dispers&#227;o do Intervalo QT Regional como Preditor Precoce de Reperfus&#227;o em Pacientes com Infarto Agudo do Mioc&#225;rdio P&#243;s-terapia Fibrinol&#237;tica <sup>11</sup></td>
              <td align="center">A dispers&#227;o do intervalo QT regional, corrigido pela frequ&#234;ncia card&#237;aca, pode ser um par&#226;metro do adicional do ECG &#250;til na identifica&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o invasiva de reperfus&#227;o na art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria culpada, 60 min p&#243;s-tromb&#243;lise.</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <table-wrap-foot>
          <fn id="TFN1">
            <p>
              <italic>VPN: valor preditivo negativo; VPP: valor preditivo positivo.</italic>
            </p>
          </fn>
        </table-wrap-foot>
      </table-wrap>
    </p>
  </body>
  <back>
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    </ref-list>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <italic>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Acur&#225;cia da Redu&#231;&#227;o do Segmento-ST P&#243;s-Tromb&#243;lise como Preditor de Reperfus&#227;o Adequada em Estrat&#233;gia F&#225;rmaco-Invasiva</italic>
        </p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>ST-Segment Elevation Regression as a Predictor of Reperfusion in Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Persistent Unknown</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Macedo</surname>
            <given-names>Frederico V. B.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ferreira</surname>
            <given-names>Domingos S&#225;vio G.</given-names>
            <suffix>Filho</suffix>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Nogueira</surname>
            <given-names>Marcelo Augusto A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1527-8131</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Silva</surname>
            <given-names>Victor Raggazzi H. da</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5586-774X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Nascimento</surname>
            <given-names>Bruno R.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1001">
        <label>1</label>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2001">
        <label>2</label>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01001"><bold>Mailing Address: Bruno R. Nascimento &#8226;</bold> Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - Servi&#231;o de Cardiologia e Cirurgia Carvdiovascular - Rua Professor Alfredo Balena, 110, 1&#186;andar. Postal Code 30130-100, Belo Horizonte, MG &#8211; Brazil E-mail: ramosnas@gmail.com </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Regression</kwd>
        <kwd>ST-segment elevation</kwd>
        <kwd>Predictor</kwd>
        <kwd>reperfusion</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, as well as in Brazil.<sup><xref rid="B1" ref-type="bibr">1</xref></sup> Its most severe presentation is the ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI),<sup><xref rid="B2" ref-type="bibr">2</xref></sup> for which early reperfusion constitutes the main therapy to decrease mortality.<sup><xref rid="B3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref></sup> Although primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is considered the &#8220;gold standard&#8221; treatment for STEMI, it is not sufficiently available, and access to PCI is still unequal.<sup><xref rid="B3" ref-type="bibr">3</xref>,<xref rid="B4" ref-type="bibr">4</xref></sup> The electrocardiogram (ECG) is the main tool for the early diagnosis of AMI and for the decision about the ideal therapy to be implemented.<sup><xref rid="B5" ref-type="bibr">5</xref></sup> Considering the ease to obtain the ECG, as well as its availability and feasibility in the emergency department, the ST-segment elevation reduction (STR) is proposed as the best tool to predict therapeutic success after thrombolysis.<sup><xref rid="B6" ref-type="bibr">6</xref></sup> However, the method has recognized limitations, which have motivated further investigations.</p>
      <p>In this context, the article &#8220;Accuracy of Post-thrombolysis ST-segment Reduction as an Adequate Reperfusion Predictor in the Pharmaco-Invasive Approach&#8221;<sup><xref rid="B7" ref-type="bibr">7</xref></sup> aimed to assess changes in the post-fibrinolysis ST-segment and its power to predict adequate reperfusion using the angiographic scores TIMI-flow and myocardial blush grade (MBG) as criteria for ideal reperfusion. In this study, 2,215 patients diagnosed with STEMI were submitted to fibrinolysis and referred for angiography within 24 hours, or immediately referred to rescue PCI in case of failure. The ECG was performed pre-Tenecteplase (TNK) and 60 min after, and the patients were categorized into: those with ideal reperfusion (TIMI-3 and MBG-3) and those with inadequate reperfusion (TIMI flow &lt;3). The reperfusion criteria was defined as an STR &gt;50%. The reperfusion criterion at the ECG showed a positive predictive value (PPV) of 56%; negative predictive value (NPV) of 66%; 79% of sensitivity; and 40% of specificity. There was a weak positive correlation between the STR and the ideal reperfusion angiographic data (r = 0.21; p &lt;0.001) and low diagnostic precision, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.60 (95% CI; 0.57-0.62). The results showed that the STR was unable to accurately identify patients with appropriate angiographic reperfusion. Therefore, it is proposed that even patients with apparently successful reperfusion in the ECG should be referred to angiography, to ensure an adequate macro/microvascular flow.</p>
      <p>In a review with preliminary data, Lemos and Braunwald<sup><xref rid="B8" ref-type="bibr">8</xref></sup> evaluated the STR as a tool to measure the effectiveness of reperfusion therapy. It was observed that, despite differences between the studies regarding the medications and cutoffsconsidered for the STR, this would be a highly accurate predictor of the patency of the infarcted artery (PPV = 90%), but at the expense of a NPV of only approximately 50%. Lemos and Braunwald<sup><xref rid="B8" ref-type="bibr">8</xref></sup> pointed out that the STR, associated with pain and the serum levels of myocardial necrosis markers could be used to predict reperfusion failure, and three criteria were proposed: STR &lt;50% in 90 min, persistent chest pain in 90 min and a ratio of serum myoglobin at 60 minutes/baseline &lt;4. Although the use of these criteria together improved accuracy, there were considerable false-positive rates in predicting reperfusion success.<sup><xref rid="B8" ref-type="bibr">8</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Another study evaluated the STR after thrombolysis in patients aged 65 years or older with STEMI, with serial ECGs being performed during follow-up. On days 1 and 2 following treatment, the percentage of STR was higher in younger patients. Moreover, the left ventricular ejection fraction was significantly lower in the elderly. Therefore, these data demonstrated a worse response to thrombolytic therapy in older patients, suggesting that impaired systolic function in this group could be associated with delayed STR. Moreover, it was proposed that early angiography and PCI could be more adequate for this population.<sup><xref rid="B9" ref-type="bibr">9</xref></sup> Furthermore, studies that analyzed clinical factors related to STR after primary PCI also found a better response in younger individuals. This makes us think about the possibility that elderly people presented microvascular dysfunctions prior to the AMI, contributing to incomplete STR.<sup><xref rid="B10" ref-type="bibr">10</xref></sup></p>
      <p>However, additional electrocardiographic parameters are still being investigated, to improve the accuracy of post-thrombolysis therapeutic success prediction. Dotta et al.<sup><xref rid="B11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref></sup> analyzed the performance of QT-interval dispersion as an early reperfusion marker, in addition to the classic criteria. The angiography was performed in all patients, with flow assessment using the TIMI and MBG criteria of the culprit artery. Data suggest that the regional dispersion of the QT interval, corrected by heart rate, may be a useful parameter for non-invasive identification of reperfusion.<sup><xref rid="B11" ref-type="bibr">11</xref></sup></p>
      <p>That being said, the literature review reinforces the conclusions of the present study.<sup><xref rid="B7" ref-type="bibr">7</xref></sup> Post-thrombolysis STR alone does not accurately stratify patients with adequate reperfusion (<xref rid="t1001" ref-type="table">Table 1</xref>). There are some clinical factors related to lower rates of STR &#8211; such as older age and longer duration of AMI evolution &#8211; which may indicate early angiography, and new ECG parameters may add to the predictive power of STR. Therefore, further investigations are necessary to identify the ideal markers of adequate angiographic reperfusion.</p>
      <p>
        <table-wrap id="t1001">
          <label>Table 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>&#8211; Summary of studies that evaluated ST-segment resolution as a success criterion for reperfusion in acute myocardial infarction</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col/>
              <col/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">Articles</th>
                <th>Main findings</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td>Acur&#225;cia da Redu&#231;&#227;o do Segmento-ST P&#243;s-tromb&#243;lise como Preditor de Reperfus&#227;o Adequada em Estrat&#233;gia F&#225;rmaco-Invasiva<sup>7</sup></td>
                <td align="center">ECG reperfusion criteria: ST-segment reduction &gt;50%; 56% PPV; 66% NPV; 79% sensitivity; 40% specificity; Conclusion: there was a weak positive correlation between ST-segment reduction and ideal reperfusion by angiographic data, in addition to a low diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.60).</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>ST segment resolution as a tool for assessing the efficacy of reperfusion therapy<sup>8</sup></td>
                <td align="center">ST segment resolution is a highly accurate predictor of infarct artery patency (90% of PPV); However, it is inaccurate to predict persistent occlusion of the infarct-related artery (50% of PPV). The association of this variable with pain and the serum levels of myoglobin can be used together to predict reperfusion failure. However, there is still a limitation of false-positive diagnoses of reperfusion.</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Resolution of ST-segment Elevation After Thrombolytic Therapy in Elderly Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction<sup>9</sup></td>
                <td align="center">Elderly people seem to have a worse response to thrombolytic therapy in terms of ST-segment resolution, which may be associated with worse left ventricular function in this group; Early percutaneous coronary intervention may be a more recommended method for this population.</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>A Dispers&#227;o do Intervalo QT Regional como Preditor Precoce de Reperfus&#227;o em Pacientes com Infarto Agudo do Mioc&#225;rdio P&#243;s-terapia Fibrinol&#237;tica <sup>11</sup></td>
                <td align="center">Dispersion of the regional QT-interval, corrected by heart rate, may be an additional useful ECG parameter for non-invasive identification of reperfusion in the culprit coronary artery, 60 min post-thrombolysis.</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN1001">
              <p>
                <italic>NPV: negative predictive value; PPV: positive predictive value.</italic>
              </p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
      </p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn id="fn1001">
          <p>
            <italic>Short Editorial related to the article: Accuracy of Post-thrombolysis ST-segment Reduction as an Adequate Reperfusion Predictor in the Pharmaco-Invasive Approach</italic>
          </p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
