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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">5qH6b7k9F7rLFBtf34dMNLz</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2021000701153</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20210372</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20210372</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Artigo de Revis&#227;o</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>O Melhor do Ano 2020 nos Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia e na Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-2306-8393</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Fontes-Carvalho</surname>
            <given-names>Ricardo</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn_ast1">
            <sup>*</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0737-6188</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira</surname>
            <given-names>Gl&#225;ucia Maria Moraes de</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>4</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn_ast1">
            <sup>*</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Cardim</surname>
            <given-names>Nuno</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
            <sup>7</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-4505-3344</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Rochitte</surname>
            <given-names>Carlos Eduardo</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
            <sup>5</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
            <sup>6</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label> 1 </label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Departamento de Cardiologia</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Vila Nova de Gaia</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original"> Departamento de Cardiologia &#8211; Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho , Vila Nova de Gaia - Portugal </institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label> 2 </label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade do Porto</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Porto</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original"> Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia &#8211; Faculdade de Medicina &#8211; Universidade do Porto , Porto - Portugal </institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff3">
        <label> 3 </label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Rio de Janeiro</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original"> Faculdade de Medicina &#8211; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil </institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff4">
        <label> 4 </label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o Edson Saad</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Rio de Janeiro</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original"> Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o Edson Saad &#8211; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Rio de Janeiro , RJ - Brasil </institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff5">
        <label> 5 </label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original"> Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o (InCor) &#8211; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo , S&#227;o Paulo , SP - Brasil </institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff6">
        <label> 6 </label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital do Cora&#231;&#227;o</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original"> Hospital do Cora&#231;&#227;o (HCOR), S&#227;o Paulo , SP - Brasil </institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff7">
        <label> 7 </label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Hospital da Luz-Lisboa</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Nova de Lisboa</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Lisboa</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original"> Hospital da Luz-Lisboa - Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa , Lisboa - Portugal </institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01">Correspond&#234;ncia: Gl&#225;ucia Maria Moraes de Oliveira &#8226; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro &#8211; R. Prof. Rodolpho P. Rocco, 255 &#8211; 8&#176;. Andar &#8211; Sala 6, UFRJ. CEP 21941-913, Cidade Universit&#225;ria, RJ &#8211; Brasil E-mail: <email>glauciam@cardiol.br</email> , <email>glauciamoraesoliveira@gmail.com</email> </corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos autores</p>
          <p>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa, Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados; An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados; Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito e Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante: Fontes-Carvalho R, Oliveira GMM, Cardim N, Rochitte CE</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>Potencial conflito de interesse</p>
          <p>N&#227;o h&#225; conflito com o presente artigo</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="equal" id="fn_ast1">
          <label>*</label>
          <p> Ambos os autores contribu&#237;ram igualmente para este artigo</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>14</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>116</volume>
      <issue>6</issue>
      <fpage>1153</fpage>
      <lpage>1160</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>28</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2021</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>07</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2021</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>13</day>
          <month>05</month>
          <year>2021</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Doen&#231;as Cardiovasculares</kwd>
        <kwd>Coopera&#231;&#227;o T&#233;cnica/tend&#234;ncias</kwd>
        <kwd>Interc&#226;mbio de Pesquisadores/tend&#234;ncias</kwd>
        <kwd>Dissemina&#231;&#227;o da Informa&#231;&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Fator de Impacto</kwd>
        <kwd>Publica&#231;&#245;es Peri&#243;dicas</kwd>
        <kwd>Portugal</kwd>
        <kwd>Brasil</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="4"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="42"/>
        <page-count count="8"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec sec-type="intro">
      <title>Introdu&#231;&#227;o</title>
      <p>Nos &#250;ltimos anos a <italic>Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia</italic> (RPC) e os <italic>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</italic> (ABC Cardiol) t&#234;m cooperado na elabora&#231;&#227;o da lista dos melhores artigos publicados nas duas revistas, <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> dando assim destaque a alguns dos melhores trabalhos cient&#237;ficos realizados por autores de l&#237;ngua portuguesa.</p>
      <p>Dado o sucesso dessa iniciativa, os corpos editoriais das duas revistas decidiram voltar a cooperar para elaborar a lista dos 10 melhores artigos publicados em 2020 em cada um desses peri&#243;dicos. O ano de 2020 foi marcado pelo enorme impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 nos dois pa&#237;ses, com uma elevada press&#227;o sobre as institui&#231;&#245;es e profissionais de sa&#250;de. Apesar desses desafios, a qualidade cient&#237;fica das publica&#231;&#245;es nas duas revistas continuou muito elevada, com a divulga&#231;&#227;o de excelentes artigos originais.</p>
      <p>A tarefa de sele&#231;&#227;o das melhores publica&#231;&#245;es &#233; sempre complexa e, por vezes, pode ser injusta e imperfeita, sendo um processo independente das cita&#231;&#245;es obtidas pelos respectivos artigos. Nesta sele&#231;&#227;o foram inclu&#237;dos apenas artigos originais, n&#227;o tendo sido considerados os de revis&#227;o. As <xref ref-type="table" rid="t1">tabelas 1</xref> e <xref ref-type="table" rid="t2">2</xref> apresentam resumidamente os mais relevantes de 2020. Em seguida, fazemos um resumo dos principais resultados de cada um desses estudos e uma integra&#231;&#227;o da relev&#226;ncia cient&#237;fica desses trabalhos.</p>
      <p>
        <table-wrap id="t1">
          <label>Tabela 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>&#8211; Lista com a sele&#231;&#227;o dos dez melhores artigos publicados na <italic>Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia</italic> em 2020</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col/>
              <col/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">Autores</th>
                <th>T&#237;tulo do artigo</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td>D Abreu et al. <sup>3</sup></td>
                <td>Impact of public health initiatives on acute coronary syndrome fatality rates in Portugal</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>H Dores et al. <sup>6</sup></td>
                <td>Coronary atherosclerotic burden in veteran male recreational athletes with low to intermediate cardiovascular risk</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>D Roque et al. <sup>15</sup></td>
                <td>Understanding a woman's heart: Lessons from 14 177 women with acute coronary syndrome</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>JP Moura Guedes et al. <sup>19</sup></td>
                <td>P2Y12 inhibitor loading dose before catheterization in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Is this the best strategy?</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>J Santos-Faria et al. <sup>24</sup></td>
                <td>MicroRNAs and ventricular remodeling in aortic stenosis</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>C Guerreiro et al. <sup>26</sup></td>
                <td>Short and long-term clinical impact of transcatheter aortic valve implantation in Portugal according to different access routes: Data from the Portuguese National Registry of TAVI</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>R Fontes-Carvalho et al. <sup>27</sup></td>
                <td>Present and future economic impact of transcatheter aortic valve replacement on the Portuguese national healthcare system</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>M Gouveia et al. <sup>28</sup></td>
                <td>Current costs of heart failure in Portugal and expected increases due to population aging</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>E Ozenc et al. <sup>29</sup></td>
                <td>Impact of right ventricular stroke work index on predicting hospital readmission and functional status of patients with advanced heart failure</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>M Nobre Menezes et al. <sup>31</sup></td>
                <td>Transradial left ventricular endomyocardial biopsy feasibility, safety and clinical usefulness: Initial experience of a tertiary university center</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
        </table-wrap>
      </p>
      <p>
        <table-wrap id="t2">
          <label>Tabela 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>&#8211; Lista com a sele&#231;&#227;o dos dez melhores artigos publicados nos <italic>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia em 2020</italic></title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col/>
              <col/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">Autores</th>
                <th>T&#237;tulo do artigo</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td>Soriano L <sup>38</sup></td>
                <td>
                  <list list-type="simple">
                    <list-item>
                      <p>1. Volume Vascular Pulmonar Estimado por Software Automatizado &#233; um Preditor de Mortalidade ap&#243;s Embolia Pulmonar Aguda Pulmonary Vascular Volume Estimated by Automated Software is a Mortality Predictor after Acute Pulmonary Embolism</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0809/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0809.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0809/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0809-en.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                  </list>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Oliveira-Junior SA <sup>11</sup></td>
                <td>
                  <list list-type="simple">
                    <list-item>
                      <p>2. Bloqueio de Receptores AT <sub>1</sub> Melhora o Desempenho Funcional Mioc&#225;rdico na Obesidade AT <sub>1</sub> Receptor Blockade Improves Myocardial Functional Performance in Obesity</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-115-01-0017/0066-782X-abc-115-01-0017.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-115-01-0017/0066-782X-abc-115-01-0017-en.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                  </list>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Salim TR <sup>35</sup></td>
                <td>
                  <list list-type="simple">
                    <list-item>
                      <p>3. Desigualdades nas Taxas de Mortalidade por Malforma&#231;&#245;es do Sistema Circulat&#243;rio em Crian&#231;as Menores de 20 Anos de Idade entre Macrorregi&#245;es Brasileiras</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>Inequalities in Mortality Rates from Malformations of Circulatory System Between Brazilian Macroregions in Individuals Younger Than 20 Years</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-115-06-1164/0066-782X-abc-115-06-1164.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-115-06-1164/0066-782X-abc-115-06-1164-en.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                  </list>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Mejia OAV <sup>36</sup></td>
                <td>
                  <list list-type="simple">
                    <list-item>
                      <p>4. An&#225;lise de &gt;100.000 Cirurgias Cardiovasculares Realizadas no Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o e a Nova Era com Foco nos Resultados Analysis of &gt;100,000 Cardiovascular Surgeries Performed at the Heart Institute and a New Era of Outcomes</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-S0066-782X2020000400603/0066-782X-abc-S0066-782X2020000400603-pt.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-S0066-782X2020000400603/0066-782X-abc-S0066-782X2020000400603.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                  </list>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Alves L <sup>22</sup></td>
                <td>
                  <list list-type="simple">
                    <list-item>
                      <p>5. Hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por Infarto Agudo do Mioc&#225;rdio: Um Registro de Base Populacional Hospitalization for Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Population-Based Registry</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0916/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0916.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0916/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0916-en.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                  </list>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Campos FA <sup>34</sup></td>
                <td>
                  <list list-type="simple">
                    <list-item>
                      <p>6. Estudo Comparativo da Doen&#231;a Coronariana Microvascular Causada por Doen&#231;a de Chagas com Outras Etiologias Chagas Cardiomyopathy as the Etiology of Suspected Coronary Microvascular Disease. A Comparison Study with Suspected Coronary Microvascular Disease of Other Etiologies</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-115-06-1094/0066-782X-abc-115-06-1094.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-115-06-1094/0066-782X-abc-115-06-1094-en.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                  </list>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Stefan GP <sup>32</sup></td>
                <td>
                  <list list-type="simple">
                    <list-item>
                      <p>7. Quantifica&#231;&#227;o de Dano em DNA em Diferentes Tecidos em Ratos com Insufici&#234;ncia Card&#237;aca Quantification of DNA Damage in Different Tissues in Rats with Heart Failure</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-S0066-782X2020000200234/0066-782X-abc-S0066-782X2020000200234-pt.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-S0066-782X2020000200234/0066-782X-abc-S0066-782X2020000200234.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                  </list>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Basilio PG <sup>10</sup></td>
                <td>
                  <list list-type="simple">
                    <list-item>
                      <p>8. Dieta Intermitente Atenua a Remodela&#231;&#227;o Card&#237;aca Causada pelo Exerc&#237;cio F&#237;sico Intermittent Fasting Attenuates Exercise Training-Induced Cardiac Remodeling</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-115-02-0184/0066-782X-abc-115-02-0184.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-115-02-0184/0066-782X-abc-115-02-0184-en.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                  </list>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Santos JL <sup>12</sup></td>
                <td>
                  <list list-type="simple">
                    <list-item>
                      <p>9. Os Percentis e Pontos de Corte da Circunfer&#234;ncia Abdominal para Obesidade em uma Ampla Amostra de Estudantes de 6 a 10 Anos de Idade do Estado de S&#227;o Paulo, Brasil Waist Circumference Percentiles and Cut-Off Values for Obesity in a Large Sample of Students from 6 To 10 Years Old Of The S&#227;o Paulo State, Brazil</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-114-03-0530/0066-782X-abc-114-03-0530.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-114-03-0530/0066-782X-abc-114-03-0530-en.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                  </list>
                </td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td>Ferreira LCM <sup>21</sup></td>
                <td>
                  <list list-type="simple">
                    <list-item>
                      <p>10. Mortalidade por Infarto Agudo do Mioc&#225;rdio no Brasil de 1996 a 2016: 21 Anos de Contrastes nas Regi&#245;es Brasileiras Mortality Due to Acute Myocardial Infarction in Brazil from 1996 to 2016: 21 Years of Disparities in Brazilian Regions</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0849/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0849.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                    <list-item>
                      <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0849/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0849-en.x64000.pdf</p>
                    </list-item>
                  </list>
                </td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
        </table-wrap>
      </p>
    </sec>
    <sec>
      <title>Preven&#231;&#227;o e risco cardiovascular</title>
      <p>A doen&#231;a cardiovascular (DCV) &#233; a principal causa de morte em Portugal, no Brasil e nos pa&#237;ses desenvolvidos, sendo fundamental a implementa&#231;&#227;o de medidas de sa&#250;de p&#250;blica dirigidas &#224; popula&#231;&#227;o em geral que possam reduzir o impacto da DCV na sociedade. Durante a d&#233;cada 2000-2010, Portugal implementou um conjunto de pol&#237;ticas de sa&#250;de p&#250;blica para tentar reduzir a mortalidade por DCV. Foram exemplos dessas medidas a lei do tabaco de 2008, a lei de redu&#231;&#227;o do sal de 2010 e a implementa&#231;&#227;o da via verde coron&#225;ria (VVC) em 2007. Num dos estudos publicados em 2020 na RPC, Abreu et al., <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> pretenderam avaliar o impacto dessas tr&#234;s pol&#237;ticas de sa&#250;de na redu&#231;&#227;o das taxas de letalidade por s&#237;ndrome coronariana aguda (SCA), analisando os dados epidemiol&#243;gicos da DCV entre 2000 e 2016. Os resultados desse estudo sugerem que a lei do tabaco de 2008 e a implementa&#231;&#227;o da VVC levaram a uma diminui&#231;&#227;o imediata da taxa de letalidade por SCA, efeito que n&#227;o foi observado com a lei do sal de 2010. Sabemos que a redu&#231;&#227;o do consumo de sal tem sobretudo impacto na redu&#231;&#227;o do risco de acidente vascular cerebral, o que pode explicar os resultados desse estudo. Al&#233;m disso, esses dados s&#227;o consistentes com aqueles observados no Registro Nacional de SCA da Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia, que mostram um aumento consistente das taxas de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o ap&#243;s a implementa&#231;&#227;o da VVC. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Curiosamente, tamb&#233;m no ano de 2020, um outro artigo publicado na RPC mostrou que a proibi&#231;&#227;o abrangente do tabagismo na comunidade de Val&#234;ncia (Espanha) associou-se a uma forte redu&#231;&#227;o das taxas ajustadas de internamento por infarto do mioc&#225;rdio. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> Esse tipo de estudo e an&#225;lise s&#227;o fundamentais para que se possam implementar novas medidas de sa&#250;de p&#250;blica capazes de reduzir o impacto da DCV na sociedade.</p>
      <p>Ainda na &#225;rea do risco cardiovascular (CV), Dores et al., <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> publicaram um interessante estudo na RPC em que pretenderam avaliar a carga de doen&#231;a coron&#225;ria ateroscler&#243;tica em atletas veteranos do g&#234;nero masculino assintom&#225;ticos com risco CV baixo-interm&#233;dio. Para isso, realizaram tomografia computorizada (TC) card&#237;aca com determina&#231;&#227;o do escore de c&#225;lcio e angiotomografia computadorizada (Angio-TC) coron&#225;ria em 105 atletas. Apesar de essa popula&#231;&#227;o parecer a princ&#237;pio &#8220;saud&#225;vel&#8221;, esse estudo mostrou uma carga ateroscler&#243;tica coron&#225;ria elevada em 25,7% dos indiv&#237;duos e les&#245;es coron&#225;rias obstrutivas em 5,7%. Nesse estudo n&#227;o se observou uma rela&#231;&#227;o entre a extens&#227;o e a gravidade das placas coron&#225;rias e a quantidade ou o tipo de exerc&#237;cio praticado. Esses dados s&#227;o importantes para ajudar a compreender as melhores estrat&#233;gias de rastreio em atletas veteranos <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> e levantam a possibilidade de a TC coron&#225;ria poder ser utilizada na avalia&#231;&#227;o de rotina desses indiv&#237;duos, conforme discutido no editorial de Pelliccia sobre esse artigo. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup></p>
      <p>As taxas de mortalidade padronizadas por idade para DCV atribu&#237;veis a fatores de risco em 2018, no Brasil, para mulheres e homens, classificam os riscos diet&#233;ticos no segundo lugar do <italic>ranking</italic> , atr&#225;s apenas da hipertens&#227;o arterial. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> Basilio et al., <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> estudaram a influ&#234;ncia da combina&#231;&#227;o da dieta intermitente (com restri&#231;&#227;o cal&#243;rica) e exerc&#237;cio f&#237;sico sobre a capacidade funcional, o metabolismo glic&#234;mico e a remodela&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca em ratos Wistar machos, durante 12 semanas. Sua hip&#243;tese era de que o exerc&#237;cio f&#237;sico ampliaria o desempenho f&#237;sico e atenuaria a remodela&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica decorrente da restri&#231;&#227;o cal&#243;rica intermitente. Os autores observaram que o exerc&#237;cio f&#237;sico aumentou a capacidade funcional e acarretou fibrose card&#237;aca. Conclu&#237;ram que a dieta intermitente se associou com melhor toler&#226;ncia glic&#234;mica e atenuou o processo de remodela&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca decorrente do exerc&#237;cio f&#237;sico, por&#233;m n&#227;o interferiu na capacidade funcional.</p>
      <p>O aumento do &#237;ndice de massa corporal (IMC), representando as altera&#231;&#245;es observadas na obesidade, &#233; o terceiro fator de risco para as mulheres e o quarto para os homens, no <italic>ranking</italic> anteriormente mencionado. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> Oliveira-J&#250;nior et al., <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> levantaram a hip&#243;tese de que a obesidade se associaria com altera&#231;&#245;es no desempenho funcional mioc&#225;rdico sustentadas em diferentes condi&#231;&#245;es de estimula&#231;&#227;o e que seriam reduzidas com o antagonismo de receptores AT1. Estudaram ratos Wistar que receberam dieta controle ou hiperlip&#237;dica e foram divididos de acordo com a presen&#231;a de obesidade. Tanto o grupo de ratos obesos quanto o grupo controle receberam losartan (30 mg/kg/dia) na &#225;gua durante quatro semanas. Os autores conclu&#237;ram que a obesidade induzida por dieta promoveu a remodela&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca, sustentada por hipertrofia ventricular e disfun&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica, confirmando a hip&#243;tese inicial de que a estimula&#231;&#227;o de receptores AT1 est&#225; associada com preju&#237;zos na fun&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica nos ratos obesos. Losartan melhorou a fun&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica de ratos com obesidade induzida por dieta.</p>
      <p>&#201; importante notar que a obesidade vem aumentando n&#227;o s&#243; na popula&#231;&#227;o adulta, como em crian&#231;as e adolescentes ao redor do mundo. A medi&#231;&#227;o da circunfer&#234;ncia abdominal, que &#233; um par&#226;metro de f&#225;cil obten&#231;&#227;o, tem alta sensibilidade na predi&#231;&#227;o de n&#237;veis de adiposidade visceral em crian&#231;as. Santos et al., <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup> realizaram um estudo multic&#234;ntrico, prospectivo, transversal com 22.000 crian&#231;as (11.199 meninos) de 6 a 10 anos, matriculadas no ensino fundamental de escolas p&#250;blicas e particulares de 13 cidades do estado de S&#227;o Paulo. Aferiram a estatura, o peso e a circunfer&#234;ncia abdominal. A preval&#234;ncia de obesidade variou de 17% (6 anos de idade) a 21,6% (9 anos de idade), entre os meninos, e de 14,1% (7 anos de idade) a 17,3% (9 anos de idade), entre as meninas. Esse estudo corrobora os achados sobre obesidade infantil observados no ERICA <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref></sup> e chama aten&#231;&#227;o para a import&#226;ncia de interven&#231;&#227;o precoce nos riscos diet&#233;ticos e na obesidade para evitar mortes CV na idade adulta.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec>
      <title>Doen&#231;a coron&#225;ria e s&#237;ndrome coronariana aguda</title>
      <p>Apesar de a mortalidade por doen&#231;a coron&#225;ria ter diminu&#237;do nos &#250;ltimos anos, v&#225;rios estudos relataram a persist&#234;ncia de grandes desigualdades de diagn&#243;stico e tratamento da doen&#231;a coron&#225;ria de acordo com g&#234;nero, <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref></sup> sugerindo que as mulheres s&#227;o frequentemente submetidas a pior tratamento. Num estudo publicado na RPC por Roque et al., <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref></sup> incluindo 49.113 pacientes (34.936 homens e 14.177 mulheres), os autores avaliaram as diferen&#231;as entre g&#234;neros no tratamento da SCA utilizando os dados do Registro Nacional de SCA da Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia. Observou-se que, em compara&#231;&#227;o com os homens, as mulheres s&#227;o mais frequentemente admitidas por SCA sem supradesnivelamento do segmento ST e apresentam mais frequentemente sintomas at&#237;picos. Talvez por isso, verificou-se que as mulheres t&#234;m tempos mais longos desde o in&#237;cio dos sintomas at&#233; receberem terap&#234;utica de reperfus&#227;o. O risco de mortalidade intra-hospitalar foi significativamente maior no sexo feminino (OR 1,94; IC 95%: 1,78-2,12) assim como o risco de hemorragia maior, de insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca (IC), de fibrila&#231;&#227;o atrial, de complica&#231;&#245;es mec&#226;nicas ou de choque cardiog&#234;nico. Foi ainda preocupante observar que as mulheres receberam menos frequentemente as terapias de preven&#231;&#227;o secund&#225;ria recomendadas, tanto durante a hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o como no momento da alta hospitalar. Em resumo, conforme discutido no editorial de Thomas L&#252;scher que acompanha esse artigo, <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref></sup> esses dados mostram a import&#226;ncia de se dar relev&#226;ncia ao tema da desigualdade entre g&#234;neros no tratamento da DCV e focam a necessidade de serem implementadas medidas espec&#237;ficas que possam diminuir a disparidade de tratamento entre g&#234;neros.</p>
      <p>Em outro estudo publicado na RPC em 2020, tamb&#233;m baseado nos dados do Registro Nacional de SCA da Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia, os autores abordaram um dos grandes temas de discuss&#227;o cient&#237;fica atual, ou seja o melhor <italic>timing</italic> para a administra&#231;&#227;o do segundo antiplaquet&#225;rio (inibidor da P2Y12) em pacientes com SCA com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST: administra&#231;&#227;o pr&#233;-tratamento ou apenas no momento da angioplastia. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref></sup> Para essa an&#225;lise foram inclu&#237;dos 4.123 pacientes com SCA, 66% dos quais foram medicados com o inibidor da P2Y12 antes da angioplastia. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref></sup> Na an&#225;lise multivariada, observou-se que os pacientes que receberam o inibidor da P2Y12 antes da angioplastia apresentaram aumento significativo do desfecho hemorr&#225;gico combinado (hemorragia maior, transfus&#227;o/queda de hemoglobina &gt; 2g/dl), queda de hemoglobina &gt; 2g/dl, e reinfarto, e nenhum benef&#237;cio em termos de redu&#231;&#227;o de eventos adversos CV maiores (MACE) ou morte intra-hospitalar. Esses dados s&#227;o semelhantes aos observados em outros registros <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref></sup> e por isso contribuem para esta importante discuss&#227;o.</p>
      <p>O infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio tamb&#233;m &#233; a principal causa de morte no Brasil, onde se observam disparidades regionais e por sexo nas tend&#234;ncias temporais das taxas de mortalidade nos anos mais recentes. Ferreira et al., <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref></sup> realizaram estudo de s&#233;ries temporais de 21 anos, de 1996 a 2016, empregando dados do Sistema de Informa&#231;&#245;es sobre Mortalidade (SIM) com corre&#231;&#245;es de &#243;bitos por causas mal definidas, c&#243;digos-lixo e sub-registro. Os autores observaram que a mortalidade diminuiu mais acentuadamente no sexo feminino (&#8211;2,2%; IC 95%: &#8211;2,5; &#8211;1,9) do que no masculino (&#8211;1,7%; IC 95%: &#8211;1,9; &#8211;1,4) e mais nas capitais (&#8211;3,8%; IC 95%: &#8211;4,3; &#8211;3,3) do que no interior (&#8211;1,5%; IC 95%: &#8211;1,8; &#8211;1,3). Verificaram ainda desigualdades regionais com aumento para homens residentes no interior do Norte (3,3; IC 95%: 1,3; 5,4) e Nordeste (1,3%; IC 95%: 1,0; 1,6). Conclu&#237;ram que as corre&#231;&#245;es dos n&#250;meros de &#243;bitos s&#227;o essenciais para estimativas mais fidedignas sobre as tend&#234;ncias das mortalidades por infarto do mioc&#225;rdio no Brasil.</p>
      <p>O infarto do mioc&#225;rdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (STEMI) apresenta a maior mortalidade proporcional entre as cardiopatias isqu&#234;micas. Existem poucos estudos no Brasil de base populacional sobre as hospitaliza&#231;&#245;es por essa causa. Alves L &amp; Polanczyk CA <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref></sup> realizaram um estudo de coorte prospectiva de base populacional com registro consecutivo das hospitaliza&#231;&#245;es por STEMI em uma cidade do Sul do Brasil, entre 2011 e 2014. Reportaram incid&#234;ncia anual de 108 casos/100.000 habitantes com taxa de reperfus&#227;o de 80,9%, mortalidade hospitalar de 8,9% e taxa de eventos CV de 6,1%. Conclu&#237;ram que as hospitaliza&#231;&#245;es foram em maior n&#250;mero do que nos pa&#237;ses desenvolvidos, ainda que a abordagem terap&#234;utica e a mortalidade hospitalar tenham sido semelhantes.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec>
      <title>Doen&#231;as valvares</title>
      <p>A estenose valvar a&#243;rtica &#233; atualmente a doen&#231;a valvar mais frequente no mundo ocidental e a sua preval&#234;ncia continuar&#225; a aumentar de forma exponencial devido ao envelhecimento da popula&#231;&#227;o. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23">23</xref></sup> A estenose a&#243;rtica causa altera&#231;&#245;es da estrutura e da fun&#231;&#227;o do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo, existindo v&#225;rios mecanismos envolvidos na sua fisiopatologia. Num estudo publicado em 2020 na RPC por Santos-Faria et al., <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24">24</xref></sup> os autores avaliaram o papel da modula&#231;&#227;o p&#243;s-transcricional por microARN no aparecimento de hipertrofia e fibrose do mioc&#225;rdio. Analisando bi&#243;psias mioc&#225;rdicas de 11 pacientes submetidos a cirurgia de substitui&#231;&#227;o valvular a&#243;rtica, os autores observaram que o microARN-101-3p e o microARN-4268 poder&#227;o ter um novo papel na resposta hipertr&#243;fica em pacientes com estenose a&#243;rtica e que poder&#227;o ser usados como preditores de remodelagem reversa p&#243;s-cirurgia. Al&#233;m disso, o papel desses microARN na regula&#231;&#227;o do sistema renina-angiotensina-aldosterona pode ajudar a descobrir novos alvos terap&#234;uticos para a regress&#227;o da hipertrofia. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref></sup></p>
      <p>A implanta&#231;&#227;o da v&#225;lvula a&#243;rtica por via percut&#226;nea (TAVI) mudou o paradigma de tratamento da estenose a&#243;rtica grave. Em 2020, a RPC publicou um artigo que analisou os resultados a curto e longo prazo da TAVI em Portugal utilizando os dados do Registro Nacional de Cardiologia de Interven&#231;&#227;o de V&#225;lvulas A&#243;rticas Percut&#226;neas (RNCI-VaP), numa an&#225;lise de 2346 procedimentos. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26">26</xref></sup> No geral, TAVI associou-se a elevada efic&#225;cia e seguran&#231;a, com uma taxa de mortalidade aos 30 dias de 4,8%. Os preditores de mortalidade aos 30 dias foram a doen&#231;a arterial perif&#233;rica, a presen&#231;a de angioplastia pr&#233;via, de disfun&#231;&#227;o ventricular esquerda e a classe funcional NYHA III-IV. Os preditores de mortalidade em um ano foram a classe funcional NYHA III-IV, o acesso n&#227;o transfemoral e a hemorragia com risco de vida. Os autores fizeram ainda uma an&#225;lise interessante conforme o tipo de acesso efetuado (transfemoral ou outra via de acesso), mostrando que a abordagem transapical estava associada a maior mortalidade e maior risco de complica&#231;&#245;es, relacionada com um perfil de pacientes mais grave e com mais comorbidades.</p>
      <p>Apesar dos seus benef&#237;cios, a penetra&#231;&#227;o da TAVI em Portugal ainda &#233; reduzida, com taxas bastante inferiores &#224;s da m&#233;dia da Uni&#227;o Europeia. Al&#233;m disso, a TAVI &#233; uma terap&#234;utica associada a custos elevados, sendo importante assegurar ao mesmo tempo a sustentabilidade do servi&#231;o nacional de sa&#250;de (SNS). Em outro artigo sobre o mesmo tema publicado na RPC em 2020, os autores pretenderam analisar o impacto econ&#244;mico, atual e futuro, da TAVI em Portugal. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27">27</xref></sup> Numa fase inicial, os autores analisaram de forma detalhada todos os custos diretos e indiretos relacionados com o procedimento, mostrando que o custo desse procedimento em Portugal &#233; de 22.134,5&#8364; com uma pr&#243;tese autoexpans&#237;vel (SEV) e de 23.321,5&#8364; com as pr&#243;teses expans&#237;veis por bal&#227;o (BEV). A maior parte do custo relacionou-se com o pre&#231;o da pr&#243;tese (SEV 74,5% <italic>versus</italic> BEV 81,5%). Para avaliar o impacto econ&#244;mico global do procedimento, foram tra&#231;ados tr&#234;s cen&#225;rios para a penetra&#231;&#227;o desse tratamento no pa&#237;s. No cen&#225;rio 1, que considerou a situa&#231;&#227;o em que as taxas de penetra&#231;&#227;o se mantivessem de acordo com as recomenda&#231;&#245;es atuais (189 procedimentos/milh&#227;o habitantes), o impacto econ&#244;mico da TAVI em Portugal seria de 43.770.586&#8364;. No cen&#225;rio 2, em que a indica&#231;&#227;o para TAVI seria estendida tamb&#233;m para os pacientes de risco interm&#233;dio, estimou-se que a penetra&#231;&#227;o seria de 241 procedimentos/milh&#227;o, o que representaria um impacto econ&#244;mico de 55.904.116&#8364;. Finalmente, no cen&#225;rio 3, que considera a expans&#227;o da utiliza&#231;&#227;o desse procedimento para pacientes de baixo risco e idade &gt; 75 anos (penetra&#231;&#227;o de 391 procedimentos/milh&#227;o), o impacto seria de 90.754.310&#8364;. Em resumo, esse estudo demonstra que a implementa&#231;&#227;o de TAVI para tratamento da estenose a&#243;rtica est&#225; associada a um impacto econ&#244;mico muito significativo no SNS, sendo necess&#225;rio discutir formas de melhorar o acesso ao procedimento, mas mantendo a sustentabilidade do SNS.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec>
      <title>Insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca e cardiomiopatia</title>
      <p>No ano de 2020, a RPC publicou o estudo de Gouveia et al., <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28">28</xref></sup> mostrando o impacto econ&#244;mico da IC. Esse &#233; um tema muito relevante porque a IC &#233; sabidamente a principal causa de custos hospitalares nos Estados Unidos, sendo importante conhecer o seu impacto em cada pa&#237;s. Naquele estudo foram calculados os custos anuais da IC em Portugal incluindo os custos diretos (consumos de recursos) e indiretos (impacto na produtividade da popula&#231;&#227;o), tendo por base dados da pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica real. Nesse estudo, estimou-se que em 2014 os custos diretos com a IC totalizaram &#8364;299 milh&#245;es (39% dos custos por internamentos, 24% por medicamentos, 17% por meios complementares de diagn&#243;stico e terap&#234;utica, 16% por consultas e o restante por outras rubricas como urg&#234;ncias e cuidados continuados) e os custos indiretos totalizaram &#8364;106 milh&#245;es (16% por absente&#237;smo e 84% por redu&#231;&#227;o de emprego). Esse valor representa 2,6% do total das despesas p&#250;blicas em sa&#250;de. Essa an&#225;lise incluiu ainda uma proje&#231;&#227;o dos custos totais da doen&#231;a at&#233; 2036, estimando que esses aumentem significativamente de &#8364;405 milh&#245;es de euros para &#8364;503 milh&#245;es, mostrando o importante impacto econ&#244;mico atual e futuro da IC em Portugal.</p>
      <p>Relativamente aos preditores de progn&#243;stico na IC com fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o reduzida, Ozenc et al., <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29">29</xref></sup> publicaram na RPC um artigo interessante que pretendeu avaliar o valor progn&#243;stico do &#237;ndice de trabalho sist&#243;lico ventricular direito (ITSVD). Nesse estudo, foram inclu&#237;dos prospectivamente 132 pacientes submetidos a cateterismo direito para c&#225;lculo do ITSVD. Os autores conclu&#237;ram que o ITSVD prev&#234; o risco de descompensa&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca e que esse par&#226;metro se relaciona com a classe funcional NYHA em est&#225;dios avan&#231;ados de IC. Esses dados refor&#231;am uma vez mais a import&#226;ncia da avalia&#231;&#227;o do ventr&#237;culo direito nesses pacientes <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B30">30</xref></sup> e sugerem que &#233; importante a combina&#231;&#227;o da informa&#231;&#227;o sobre a hemodin&#226;mica do cora&#231;&#227;o direito com a avalia&#231;&#227;o funcional do ventr&#237;culo direito.</p>
      <p>Em 2020, na RPC merece ainda destaque o artigo de Menezes et al., <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31">31</xref></sup> sobre um tema menos frequente, a t&#233;cnica de bi&#243;psia endomioc&#225;rdica. Alguns estudos t&#234;m sugerido que a bi&#243;psia endomioc&#225;rdica ventricular esquerda &#233; mais segura e de superior rentabilidade diagn&#243;stica do que a do ventr&#237;culo direito. Nesse estudo, os autores pretenderam avaliar a efic&#225;cia, a seguran&#231;a e a utilidade da realiza&#231;&#227;o de bi&#243;psia endomioc&#225;rdica do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo por via transradial num grupo de 27 pacientes. Os autores reportam uma taxa de sucesso de 100% e a aus&#234;ncia de complica&#231;&#245;es significativas, mostrando a seguran&#231;a e a boa rentabilidade diagn&#243;stica dessa t&#233;cnica quando utilizada em pacientes selecionados.</p>
      <p>Na IC, existe um cen&#225;rio de dano oxidativo sist&#234;mico, mas n&#227;o se sabe como a IC pode afetar diferentes estruturas al&#233;m do sistema CV, principalmente no dano ao DNA. Desse modo, com o objetivo de estudar o dano ao DNA em diferentes tecidos, como o ventr&#237;culo esquerdo, os pulm&#245;es e os m&#250;sculos esquel&#233;ticos (diafragma, gastrocn&#234;mio e s&#243;leo), Stefani et al., <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32">32</xref></sup> submeteram ratos Wistar machos a ligadura da art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria esquerda com consequente infarto do mioc&#225;rdio. Os autores observaram que o grupo IC apresentou maior dano ao DNA (% de DNA da cauda, momento da cauda e momento da cauda de Olive) em compara&#231;&#227;o ao placebo, e o tecido com maior dano foi o s&#243;leo, comparado ao ventr&#237;culo esquerdo e ao gastrocn&#234;mio no grupo IC. Conclu&#237;ram que a IC afeta todos os tecidos, de maneira central e perif&#233;rica, positivamente correlacionada com a disfun&#231;&#227;o do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo.</p>
      <p>A cardiomiopatia cr&#244;nica da doen&#231;a de Chagas &#233; frequente no Brasil, causando grave problema de sa&#250;de p&#250;blica. Acredita-se que resulte de miocardite infecciosa de baixo grau, incessante, difusa, com necrose miocitol&#237;tica focal e intensa fibrose reativa e reparadora. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33">33</xref></sup> Estima-se que 20-40% dos pacientes com cardiopatia chag&#225;sica tenham angina at&#237;pica decorrentes de anormalidades na perfus&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica provocadas pelo exerc&#237;cio e revers&#237;veis com o repouso, provavelmente associadas com isquemia microvascular. Campos et al,. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B34">34</xref></sup> compararam pacientes com isquemia microvascular relacionada &#224; doen&#231;a de Chagas com pacientes com isquemia microvascular decorrentes de outras etiologias. Conclu&#237;ram que os dois grupos tiveram caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas, hemodin&#226;micas e de perfus&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica semelhantes, mas a disfun&#231;&#227;o global e segmentar do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo foi mais grave nos pacientes com isquemia microvascular relacionada com a doen&#231;a de Chagas.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec>
      <title>Cardiopatias cong&#234;nitas</title>
      <p>Dentre os &#243;bitos por malforma&#231;&#245;es cong&#234;nitas, os decorrentes de malforma&#231;&#227;o do aparelho circulat&#243;rio (MAC) apresentam maior impacto sobre a possibilidade de redu&#231;&#227;o da mortalidade por serem evit&#225;veis (com o correto diagn&#243;stico e tratamento) e frequentes. Sua import&#226;ncia relativa aumentou, constituindo-se a terceira causa de &#243;bito em 2015, representando 40% do total. Salim et al., <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B35">35</xref></sup> avaliaram a distribui&#231;&#227;o da mortalidade por MAC, por sexo, grupos et&#225;rios e macrorregi&#245;es do Brasil no per&#237;odo de 2000 a 2015, nos menores de 20 anos de idade. Em ambos os sexos, a mortalidade anual por MAC foi de 5,3/100 mil habitantes e a mortalidade proporcional foi de 4,2%. Os autores conclu&#237;ram que a frequ&#234;ncia de diagn&#243;sticos imprecisos de &#243;bitos por MAC ainda &#233; elevada em todas as idades, sexos e principalmente nas regi&#245;es Norte e Nordeste, constituindo-se em um grave problema de sa&#250;de p&#250;blica no Brasil, pela falta de diagn&#243;stico e tratamento cir&#250;rgico adequado.</p>
      <p>Em uma an&#225;lise das 105.599 cirurgias CV realizadas no Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o do Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo (InCor), entre janeiro de 1984 e junho de 2019, foi reportada mortalidade global de 5,63%. Em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224;s cardiopatias cong&#234;nitas, houve uma significativa melhora na mortalidade com a implementa&#231;&#227;o do Programa de Melhoria Cont&#237;nua da Qualidade (PMCQ) e, em 2019, a mortalidade por essa causa foi de 7%. Observou-se tamb&#233;m melhora nas cirurgias de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o do mioc&#225;rdio e nas cirurgias valvares com o PMCQ. Cabe ressaltar que as taxas de mortalidade se aproximaram dos padr&#245;es internacionais, corroborando a heterogeneidade das mortes por MAC nas diversas regi&#245;es do Brasil. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B36">36</xref></sup></p>
    </sec>
    <sec>
      <title>Embolia pulmonar</title>
      <p>A embolia pulmonar tem apresenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica heterog&#234;nea e a angio-TC &#233; considerada o m&#233;todo padr&#227;o-ouro para o diagn&#243;stico, sendo a dilata&#231;&#227;o do ventr&#237;culo direito o par&#226;metro mais frequentemente empregado para a estratifica&#231;&#227;o do progn&#243;stico. Esse achado deve ser associado com a dosagem de troponina e da por&#231;&#227;o N-terminal do pept&#237;deo natriur&#233;tico do tipo B. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B37">37</xref></sup> Soriano et al., <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B38">38</xref></sup> propuseram que volume vascular pulmonar (VVP) quantificado por <italic>software</italic> automatizado pudesse ser um preditor de mortalidade acurado e de f&#225;cil obten&#231;&#227;o. Realizaram um estudo de coorte retrospectivo com rean&#225;lise da angio-TC de 61 pacientes com embolia pulmonar e calcularam o VVP automaticamente pelo <italic>software</italic> Yacta. Conclu&#237;ram que o VVP ajustado estimado pelo <italic>software</italic> Yacta parece ser uma ferramenta promissora para a estratifica&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica na embolia pulmonar aguda, especialmente se comparado com outros par&#226;metros progn&#243;sticos cl&#225;ssicos da angio-TC.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec>
      <title>Covid-19 e doen&#231;a cardiovascular</title>
      <p>O ano 2020 marcar&#225; para sempre a pr&#225;tica da Medicina devido ao enorme impacto da pandemia por COVID-19. As consequ&#234;ncias da pandemia nas DCV foram enormes e deixar&#227;o marcas durante muitos anos. Por exemplo, num estudo unic&#234;ntrico publicado na RPC, observou-se uma redu&#231;&#227;o de 49,7% nas admiss&#245;es por SCA. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B39">39</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Tamb&#233;m a pandemia refor&#231;ou o conceito de que o acometimento card&#237;aco de pacientes com COVID-19 n&#227;o &#233; incomum e abrange uma grande variedade de apresenta&#231;&#245;es como arritmias, cardiomiopatias e inj&#250;ria mioc&#225;rdica (IM), que se associaram com piores desfechos cl&#237;nicos. Dois estudos originais unic&#234;ntricos demonstraram alta incid&#234;ncia de IM na COVID-19 com impacto em maior mortalidade intra-hospitalar. Nascimento et al., <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B40">40</xref></sup> mostraram que a IM esteve presente em 36% dos casos de pacientes com COVID-19 internados em terapia intensiva. A hipertens&#227;o arterial sist&#234;mica e o IMC foram preditores independentes de risco para a IM e a troponina I US &gt;48,3 ng/ml foi associada com maior mortalidade intra-hospitalar. Almeida J&#250;nior et al., <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B41">41</xref></sup> demonstraram que, nas primeiras 24 horas de admiss&#227;o, a troponina T foi marcador independente de mortalidade ou necessidade de ventila&#231;&#227;o mec&#226;nica invasiva em pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19. Nesse estudo tamb&#233;m a prote&#237;na C reativa titulada esteve associada independentemente a um pior progn&#243;stico. Os dois estudos ressaltam a import&#226;ncia da IM, demonstrada pela eleva&#231;&#227;o das troponinas I e T, como preditor de mortalidade e efeitos adversos nos pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19.</p>
      <p>Contudo, s&#227;o ainda mais preocupantes as sequelas que esta crise deixar&#225; na sociedade. Num not&#225;vel artigo publicado na RPC, o General Ramalho Eanes, antigo Presidente da Rep&#250;blica de Portugal, reflete sobre os impactos na sociedade desta crise sanit&#225;ria, econ&#244;mica, social, pol&#237;tica e, tamb&#233;m, ecol&#243;gica, nacional e planet&#225;ria, apelando &#224; necessidade de uma refunda&#231;&#227;o da sociedade como um todo, que dever&#225; no futuro ser &#8220;virtuosamente defens&#225;vel se o eu estiver no n&#243;s e o n&#243;s no eu, um n&#243;s que sejam os outros, todos os outros, homens e outros seres da natureza&#8221;. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B42">42</xref></sup></p>
    </sec>
    <sec>
      <title>Perspectivas cient&#237;ficas e editoriais</title>
      <p>Mais uma vez este esfor&#231;o conjunto das revistas ABC Cardiol e RPC traz uma provoca&#231;&#227;o apetitosa para o leitor &#225;vido por informa&#231;&#227;o cient&#237;fica atual e original. De grande relev&#226;ncia s&#227;o os dados espec&#237;ficos da nossa popula&#231;&#227;o do Brasil e de Portugal, em especial nos aspectos epidemiol&#243;gicos da doen&#231;a arterial coron&#225;ria e os custos associados a novos procedimentos, como a TAVI.</p>
      <p>Outras &#225;reas tamb&#233;m tiveram destaque nas edi&#231;&#245;es do ano de 2020, como doen&#231;as cong&#234;nitas, valvares, cardiomiopatias, IC, embolia pulmonar e COVID-19.</p>
      <p>Esperamos que este nosso menu selecionado de 2020 desperte no leitor a vontade irresist&#237;vel de &#8216;folhear&#8217; digitalmente todas as edi&#231;&#245;es de 2020 dos ABC Cardiol e da RPC ou procurar seu assunto de prefer&#234;ncia nas 330 e 138 publica&#231;&#245;es de 2020, respectivamente.</p>
      <p>Finalmente, gostar&#237;amos de reafirmar a relev&#226;ncia desta coopera&#231;&#227;o cient&#237;fica e editorial quanto &#224;s mais importantes publica&#231;&#245;es de Cardiologia em l&#237;ngua portuguesa.</p>
      <p>Abra&#231;os a todos e at&#233; o ano que vem com os melhores de 2021!</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
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              <surname>Faria</surname>
              <given-names>PMP</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Valor Progn&#243;stico da Troponina T e do Pept&#237;deo Natriur&#233;tico Tipo B em Pacientes Internados por COVID-19</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2020</year>
          <volume>115</volume>
          <issue>4</issue>
          <fpage>660</fpage>
          <lpage>666</lpage>
          <comment>
            <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20200385">https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20200385</ext-link>
          </comment>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B42">
        <label>42</label>
        <mixed-citation>42. Eanes AR. Plagues and other unpredictables: the functional duty of the State, international institutions and civil society to foresee the politically unforeseeable. Rev Port Cardiol. 2021 Mar;40(3):147-51. doi: 10.1016/j.repc.2020.09.004.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Eanes</surname>
              <given-names>AR</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Plagues and other unpredictables: the functional duty of the State, international institutions and civil society to foresee the politically unforeseeable</article-title>
          <source>Rev Port Cardiol</source>
          <year>2021</year>
          <month>03</month>
          <volume>40</volume>
          <issue>3</issue>
          <fpage>147</fpage>
          <lpage>151</lpage>
          <pub-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1016/j.repc.2020.09.004</pub-id>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>Vincula&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica</p>
        <p>N&#227;o h&#225; vincula&#231;&#227;o deste estudo a programas de p&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="supported-by">
        <p><bold>Fontes de financiamento</bold>:  O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
    <app-group>
      <app id="app1">
        <title>* Material suplementar</title>
        <p>Para informa&#231;&#227;o adicional, por favor, clique aqui.</p>
        <supplementary-material id="suppl1" mime-subtype="pdf" mimetype="application" xlink:href=""/>
      </app>
    </app-group>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Review Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>2020 Top 10 Original Articles in the <italic>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</italic> and the <italic>Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia</italic></article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-2306-8393</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Fontes-Carvalho</surname>
            <given-names>Ricardo</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn_ast1001">
            <sup>*</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0737-6188</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira</surname>
            <given-names>Gl&#225;ucia Maria Moraes de</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3001">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4001">
            <sup>4</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn_ast1001">
            <sup>*</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Cardim</surname>
            <given-names>Nuno</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7001">
            <sup>7</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-4505-3344</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Rochitte</surname>
            <given-names>Carlos Eduardo</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5001">
            <sup>5</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6001">
            <sup>6</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1001">
        <label>1</label>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Cardiologia &#8211; Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia - Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2001">
        <label>2</label>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia &#8211; Faculdade de Medicina &#8211; Universidade do Porto, Porto - Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff3001">
        <label>3</label>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Faculdade de Medicina &#8211; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff4001">
        <label>4</label>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o Edson Saad &#8211; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff5001">
        <label>5</label>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o (InCor) &#8211; Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff6001">
        <label>6</label>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital do Cora&#231;&#227;o (HCOR), S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff7001">
        <label>7</label>
        <country country="PT">Portugal</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital da Luz-Lisboa - Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa - Portugal</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01001">Mailing Address: Gl&#225;ucia Maria Moraes de Oliveira &#8226; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro &#8211; R. Prof. Rodolpho P. Rocco, 255 &#8211; 8&#176;. Andar &#8211; Sala 6, UFRJ. Postal Code 21941-913, Cidade Universit&#225;ria, RJ &#8211; Brazil E-mail: glauciam@cardiol.br, glauciamoraesoliveira@gmail.com</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>Author Contributions</p>
          <p>Conception and design of the research; Acquisition of data; Analysis and interpretation of the data; Writing of the manuscript and Critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: Fontes-Carvalho R, Oliveira GMM, Cardim N, Rochitte CE</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>Potential Conflict of Interest</p>
          <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="equal" id="fn_ast1001">
          <label>*</label>
          <p>Both authors equally contributed to this article</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Cardiovascular Diseases</kwd>
        <kwd>Technical Cooperation/trends</kwd>
        <kwd>Researcher Exchange/trends</kwd>
        <kwd>Information Dissemination</kwd>
        <kwd>Journal of Impact Factor</kwd>
        <kwd>Periodicals as Topic</kwd>
        <kwd>Portugal</kwd>
        <kwd>Brazil</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec sec-type="intro">
        <title>Introduction</title>
        <p>In recent years, the <italic>Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia</italic> (RPC) and the <italic>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</italic> (ABC Cardiol) have gotten together annually to elaborate a list of the most relevant papers published in both journals,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> highlighting some of the best scientific articles in Portuguese.</p>
        <p>Based on the success of that initiative, the editors of both journals have decided to cooperate once again to elaborate the &#8216;Top 10&#8217; list of 2020 of each journal. The year 2020 was marked by the huge impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in both countries, with an enormous pressure on the healthcare institutions and professionals. Despite those challenges, the scientific quality of the publications in both journals remained extremely high, with excellent original articles.</p>
        <p>The selection of the best publications is always complex and sometimes can be imperfect and even unfair, and the process occurred independently of the citations obtained by the articles. This selection included only original articles; no review was considered.</p>
        <p>We briefly present the major results of the articles selected along with their scientific relevance. <xref ref-type="table" rid="t1001">Tables 1</xref> and <xref ref-type="table" rid="t2001">2</xref> list the most important papers published in 2020.</p>
        <p>
          <table-wrap id="t1001">
            <label>Table 1</label>
            <caption>
              <title>&#8211; List of the ten best articles published in the <italic>Revista Portuguesa de Cardiologia</italic> in 2020</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <colgroup>
                <col/>
                <col/>
              </colgroup>
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th align="left">Authors</th>
                  <th>Title of the article</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td>D Abreu et al.<sup>3</sup></td>
                  <td>Impact of public health initiatives on acute coronary syndrome fatality rates in Portugal</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>H Dores et al.<sup>6</sup></td>
                  <td>Coronary atherosclerotic burden in veteran male recreational athletes with low to intermediate cardiovascular risk</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>D Roque et al.<sup>15</sup></td>
                  <td>Understanding a woman's heart: Lessons from 14 177 women with acute coronary syndrome</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>JP Moura Guedes et al.<sup>19</sup></td>
                  <td>P2Y12 inhibitor loading dose before catheterization in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: Is this the best strategy?</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>J Santos-Faria et al.<sup>24</sup></td>
                  <td>MicroRNAs and ventricular remodeling in aortic stenosis</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>C Guerreiro et al.<sup>26</sup></td>
                  <td>Short and long-term clinical impact of transcatheter aortic valve implantation in Portugal according to different access routes: Data from the Portuguese National Registry of TAVI</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>R Fontes-Carvalho et al.<sup>27</sup></td>
                  <td>Present and future economic impact of transcatheter aortic valve replacement on the Portuguese national healthcare system</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>M Gouveia et al.<sup>28</sup></td>
                  <td>Current costs of heart failure in Portugal and expected increases due to population aging</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>E Ozenc et al.<sup>29</sup></td>
                  <td>Impact of right ventricular stroke work index on predicting hospital readmission and functional status of patients with advanced heart failure</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>M Nobre Menezes et al.<sup>31</sup></td>
                  <td>Transradial left ventricular endomyocardial biopsy feasibility, safety and clinical usefulness: Initial experience of a tertiary university center</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </table-wrap>
        </p>
        <p>
          <table-wrap id="t2001">
            <label>Table 2</label>
            <caption>
              <title>&#8211; List of the ten best articles published in the <italic>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</italic> em 2020</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <colgroup>
                <col/>
                <col/>
              </colgroup>
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th align="left">Authors</th>
                  <th>Title of the article</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td>Soriano L<sup>38</sup></td>
                  <td>
                    <list list-type="simple">
                      <list-item>
                        <p>1. Volume Vascular Pulmonar Estimado por Software Automatizado &#233; um Preditor de Mortalidade ap&#243;s Embolia Pulmonar Aguda Pulmonary Vascular Volume Estimated by Automated Software is a Mortality Predictor after Acute Pulmonary Embolism</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0809/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0809.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0809/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0809-en.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Oliveira-Junior SA<sup>11</sup></td>
                  <td>
                    <list list-type="simple">
                      <list-item>
                        <p>2. Bloqueio de Receptores AT<sub>1</sub>Melhora o Desempenho Funcional Mioc&#225;rdico na Obesidade AT<sub>1</sub>Receptor Blockade Improves Myocardial Functional Performance in Obesity</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-115-01-0017/0066-782X-abc-115-01-0017.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-115-01-0017/0066-782X-abc-115-01-0017-en.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Salim TR<sup>35</sup></td>
                  <td>
                    <list list-type="simple">
                      <list-item>
                        <p>3. Desigualdades nas Taxas de Mortalidade por Malforma&#231;&#245;es do Sistema Circulat&#243;rio em Crian&#231;as Menores de 20 Anos de Idade entre Macrorregi&#245;es Brasileiras</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>Inequalities in Mortality Rates from Malformations of Circulatory System Between Brazilian Macroregions in Individuals Younger Than 20 Years</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-115-06-1164/0066-782X-abc-115-06-1164.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-115-06-1164/0066-782X-abc-115-06-1164-en.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Mejia OAV<sup>36</sup></td>
                  <td>
                    <list list-type="simple">
                      <list-item>
                        <p>4. An&#225;lise de &gt;100.000 Cirurgias Cardiovasculares Realizadas no Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o e a Nova Era com Foco nos Resultados Analysis of &gt;100,000 Cardiovascular Surgeries Performed at the Heart Institute and a New Era of Outcomes</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-S0066-782X2020000400603/0066-782X-abc-S0066-782X2020000400603-pt.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-S0066-782X2020000400603/0066-782X-abc-S0066-782X2020000400603.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Alves L<sup>22</sup></td>
                  <td>
                    <list list-type="simple">
                      <list-item>
                        <p>5. Hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o por Infarto Agudo do Mioc&#225;rdio: Um Registro de Base Populacional Hospitalization for Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Population-Based Registry</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0916/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0916.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0916/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0916-en.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Campos FA<sup>34</sup></td>
                  <td>
                    <list list-type="simple">
                      <list-item>
                        <p>6. Estudo Comparativo da Doen&#231;a Coronariana Microvascular Causada por Doen&#231;a de Chagas com Outras Etiologias Chagas Cardiomyopathy as the Etiology of Suspected Coronary Microvascular Disease. A Comparison Study with Suspected Coronary Microvascular Disease of Other Etiologies</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-115-06-1094/0066-782X-abc-115-06-1094.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-115-06-1094/0066-782X-abc-115-06-1094-en.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Stefan GP<sup>32</sup></td>
                  <td>
                    <list list-type="simple">
                      <list-item>
                        <p>7. Quantifica&#231;&#227;o de Dano em DNA em Diferentes Tecidos em Ratos com Insufici&#234;ncia Card&#237;aca Quantification of DNA Damage in Different Tissues in Rats with Heart Failure</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-S0066-782X2020000200234/0066-782X-abc-S0066-782X2020000200234-pt.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-S0066-782X2020000200234/0066-782X-abc-S0066-782X2020000200234.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Basilio PG<sup>10</sup></td>
                  <td>
                    <list list-type="simple">
                      <list-item>
                        <p>8. Dieta Intermitente Atenua a Remodela&#231;&#227;o Card&#237;aca Causada pelo Exerc&#237;cio F&#237;sico Intermittent Fasting Attenuates Exercise Training-Induced Cardiac Remodeling</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-115-02-0184/0066-782X-abc-115-02-0184.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-115-02-0184/0066-782X-abc-115-02-0184-en.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Santos JL<sup>12</sup></td>
                  <td>
                    <list list-type="simple">
                      <list-item>
                        <p>9. Os Percentis e Pontos de Corte da Circunfer&#234;ncia Abdominal para Obesidade em uma Ampla Amostra de Estudantes de 6 a 10 Anos de Idade do Estado de S&#227;o Paulo, Brasil Waist Circumference Percentiles and Cut-Off Values for Obesity in a Large Sample of Students from 6 To 10 Years Old Of The S&#227;o Paulo State, Brazil</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-114-03-0530/0066-782X-abc-114-03-0530.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/0066-782X-abc-114-03-0530/0066-782X-abc-114-03-0530-en.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td>Ferreira LCM<sup>21</sup></td>
                  <td>
                    <list list-type="simple">
                      <list-item>
                        <p>10. Mortalidade por Infarto Agudo do Mioc&#225;rdio no Brasil de 1996 a 2016: 21 Anos de Contrastes nas Regi&#245;es Brasileiras Mortality Due to Acute Myocardial Infarction in Brazil from 1996 to 2016: 21 Years of Disparities in Brazilian Regions</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0849/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0849.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                      <list-item>
                        <p>http://abccardiol.org/wp-content/uploads/articles_xml/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0849/1678-4170-abc-115-05-0849-en.x64000.pdf</p>
                      </list-item>
                    </list>
                  </td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </table-wrap>
        </p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Prevention and cardiovascular risk</title>
        <p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in Portugal, Brazil, and developed countries. Therefore, the implementation of public health measures directed to the general population is fundamental to reduce the impact of CVD on society. In the years 2000-2010, Portugal implemented a set of public health policies to reduce mortality from CVD. Some examples of such measures were the smoking ban in 2008, the salt reduction regulation in 2010, and the implementation of the fast-track system to the coronary unit in 2007. In a study published in the RPC in 2020, <italic>Abreu</italic> et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> assessed the impact of those three health policies on the reduction of the case-fatality rate from acute coronary syndrome (ACS), analyzing the epidemiological CVD data from 2000 to 2016. That study has suggested that the smoking ban and the coronary fast-track system implementation had an immediate decrease in the ACS case-fatality rate, which was not observed with the salt reduction regulation. The reduction in salt intake is known to mainly reduce the risk of stroke, which might explain the results of that study. In addition, those data are consistent with those observed in the Portuguese National Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes, showing a consistent increase in revascularization rates after the coronary fast-track system implementation.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Another study published in the RPC in 2020 showed that a comprehensive smoking ban in the Community of Valencia (Spain) associated with a marked reduction in the adjusted hospitalization rates for myocardial infarction.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> This type of study and analysis are fundamental to the implementation of new public health measures to reduce the impact of CVD on society.</p>
        <p>Still regarding cardiovascular (CV) risk, the RPC has published an interesting study by Dores et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> assessing the coronary atherosclerotic burden of 105 asymptomatic veteran male athletes with low to intermediate CV risk. Those athletes were mainly engaged in high-dynamic sports and underwent cardiac computed tomography (CT) for coronary artery calcium scoring and computed tomography angiography (CT angiography). Although that population seemed &#8220;healthy&#8221;, that study showed a high coronary atherosclerotic burden in 25.7% of the athletes and coronary obstructive lesions in 5.7%. The extent and severity of coronary plaques did not relate to exercise volume or type. Those data are important to understand the best screening strategies in veteran athletes<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> and raise the possibility of using coronary CT for the routine assessment of those individuals, as discussed in the editorial by Pelliccia about that article.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup></p>
        <p>Regarding the age-standardized mortality rates from CVD attributable to risk factors in 2018 in Brazil, for women and men, dietary risks rank second, behind only arterial hypertension.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> Basilio et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> have studied the influence of the combination of intermittent fasting (with calorie restriction) and physical exercise on physical functioning, glucose metabolism, and cardiac remodeling in male Wistar rats for 12 weeks. Those authors have hypothesized that physical exercise would increase physical performance and attenuate myocardial remodeling because of intermittent calorie restriction. They have observed that physical exercise increased physical functioning and promoted cardiac fibrosis. They have concluded that intermittent fasting associated with improved glucose tolerance and attenuated cardiac remodeling induced by physical exercise but did not interfere in physical functioning.</p>
        <p>The increase in body mass index (BMI), representing the changes observed in obesity, is the third risk factor for women and the fourth for men, in the previously mentioned ranking.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> Oliveira-J&#250;nior et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> have hypothesized that obesity would associate with changes in myocardial functional performance sustained in different stimulation conditions and reduced by AT1-receptor blockade. Those authors have studied Wistar rats fed either a control or high-fat diet and divided according to the presence of obesity. The obese and control groups received losartan (30 mg/kg/day) in drinking water for four weeks. Those authors have concluded that diet-induced obesity promoted cardiac remodeling, sustained by ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial dysfunction, confirming the initial hypothesis that the stimulation of AT1 receptors would associate with myocardial dysfunction in obese rats. Losartan improved the myocardial function of rats with diet-induced obesity.</p>
        <p>It is worth noting that obesity has increased not only in the adult population, but in children and adolescents worldwide as well. The measure of waist circumference, which is an easily obtainable parameter, has high sensitivity to predict children&#8217;s visceral fat levels. Santos et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup> have performed a multicenter, prospective, cross-sectional study with 22 000 children (11 199 boys) aged 6-10 years, registered at public and private elementary schools in 13 cities of S&#227;o Paulo State. They measured height, weight, and waist circumference. The prevalence of obesity ranged from 17% (6 years of age) to 21.6% (9 years of age) among boys and from 14.1% (7 years of age) to 17.3% (9 years of age) among girls. That study confirms the findings on childhood obesity from the ERICA Study,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref></sup> highlighting the importance of early intervention in dietary risks and obesity to prevent CV deaths in adulthood.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome</title>
        <p>Although mortality from coronary artery disease has decreased in recent years, several studies have reported the persistence of great differences in diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease between genders,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref></sup> suggesting that women often undergo worse treatment. In a study published in the RPC, including 49 113 patients (34 936 men and 14 177 women), Roque et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref></sup> have assessed the differences between genders in the treatment of ACS by using data from the Portuguese National Registry on Acute Coronary Syndromes. Those authors have observed that, as compared to men, women are more frequently admitted for non-ST elevation ACS and more often have atypical symptoms. That might explain the women&#8217;s longer time from symptom onset to reperfusion. The risk of in-hospital mortality was significantly higher in the female sex (OR 1.94; 95%CI: 1.78-2.12) as was their risk of major bleeding, heart failure (HF), atrial fibrillation, mechanical complications, and cardiogenic shock. It is worth noting that women were less likely to receive the recommended secondary prevention therapies, both during hospitalization and at hospital discharge. Briefly, as discussed in the Thomas L&#252;scher&#8217;s editorial about that article,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref></sup> those data show the importance of shedding light on the theme of inequality between genders in the treatment of CVD and highlight the need to implement specific measures that can reduce the difference in treatment between genders.</p>
        <p>In another study published in the RPC in 2020 based on data from the Portuguese National Registry of Acute Coronary Syndromes, the authors have assessed one of the major themes in current scientific discussion, the optimal time to administer the loading dose of an antiplatelet agent (P2Y12 inhibitor) to patients with ST-elevation ACS: before or during catheterization.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref></sup> For that analysis, 4 123 patients with ACS were included, 66% of whom received the P2Y12 inhibitor before catheterization.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref></sup> Multivariate analysis showed that patients who received the P2Y12 inhibitor before catheterization had a significant increase in the composite bleeding endpoint (major bleeding, need for transfusion or hemoglobin drop &gt; 2g/dL), hemoglobin drop &gt; 2g/dL, and reinfarction, in addition to no benefit regarding reduction in major CV adverse events (MACE) or in-hospital death. These data are similar to those observed in other registries,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref></sup> contributing, thus, to this important discussion.</p>
        <p>Acute myocardial infarction is also the leading cause of death in Brazil, where regional and gender-related disparities in the temporal trends of mortality rates in most recent years have been observed. Ferreira et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B21">21</xref></sup> have conducted a 21-year time-series study (1996-2016) using data from the Brazilian Mortality Information System (SIM) with corrections for ill-defined causes of death, garbage codes, and underreporting. The authors have observed that mortality decreased more significantly in the female sex (&#8211;2.2%; 95% CI: &#8211;2.5; &#8211;1.9) than in the male sex (&#8211;1.7%; 95% CI: &#8211;1.9; &#8211;1.4) and more in the capitals (&#8211;3.8%; 95% CI: &#8211;4.3; &#8211;3.3) than in the inner areas (&#8211;1.5%; 95% CI: &#8211;1.8; &#8211;1.3). In addition, they have found regional differences with increase for men living in the inner areas of the Northern (3.3; 95% CI: 1.3; 5.4) and Northeastern (1.3%; 95% CI: 1.0; 1.6) regions. They have concluded that the corrections of the number of deaths are essential to more reliable estimates on the myocardial infarction mortality trends in Brazil.</p>
        <p>Of the ischemic heart diseases, ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) has the highest proportional mortality. Population-based studies on hospitalizations from that cause in Brazil are scarce. Alves L &amp; Polanczyk CA<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B22">22</xref></sup> have performed a population-based prospective cohort study with consecutive registries of hospitalizations for STEMI in a Brazilian southern city from 2011 to 2014. They reported an annual incidence of 108 cases/100 000 inhabitants with reperfusion rate of 80.9%, in-hospital mortality of 8.9%, and CV event rate of 6.1%. Those authors have concluded that, compared to developed countries, Brazil had a higher number of hospitalizations, but the therapeutic approach and in-hospital mortality were similar to those of developed countries.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Valvular diseases</title>
        <p>Aortic valve stenosis is currently the most frequent valvular disease in the western world and its prevalence will continue to increase exponentially due to population aging.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B23">23</xref></sup> Aortic stenosis changes the left ventricular structure and function, and several mechanisms are involved in its pathophysiology. In a study published in 2020 in the RPC, Santos-Faria et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B24">24</xref></sup> have assessed the role of microRNA post-transcriptional modulation in the appearance of hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis. Analyzing the myocardial biopsies of 11 patients undergoing aortic valve replacement, those authors have observed that microRNA-101-3p and microRNA-4268 have potential new roles in the hypertrophic response of patients with aortic stenosis and may be used as predictors of post-surgery reverse remodeling. In addition, the role of those microRNAs in the regulation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system may help find new therapeutic targets for hypertrophy regression.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B25">25</xref></sup></p>
        <p>Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has changed the paradigm of severe aortic stenosis treatment. In 2020, the RPC published an article assessing the short- and long-term results of TAVI in Portugal, using data from the Portuguese National Registry of TAVI, in an analysis of 2346 procedures.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B26">26</xref></sup> In general, TAVI associated with high efficacy and safety, with a 30-day mortality rate of 4.8%. The predictors of 30-day mortality were peripheral arterial disease, previous angioplasty, left ventricular dysfunction, and NYHA functional class III-IV. The predictors of one-year mortality were NYHA functional class III-IV, non-transfemoral route and life-threatening bleeding. In addition, the type of route (transfemoral or another) was analyzed, showing the association of transapical approach with higher mortality and higher risk of complications, related to the patient&#8217;s profile (severity and more comorbidities).</p>
        <p>Despite its benefits, the penetration rate of TAVI in Portugal is still low, with rates much lower than the means of the European Union. In addition, TAVI has high costs, being important to ensure the sustainability of the Portuguese healthcare system. Another article on the same theme published in the RPC in 2020 analyzed the current and future economic impact of TAVI in Portugal.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B27">27</xref></sup> In the initial phase, the authors analyzed all direct and indirect costs related to TAVI, showing that its costs in Portugal were 22 134.5&#8364; for the self-expanding valves (SEV) and 23 321.5&#8364; for the balloon-expanding valves (BEV). Most of the cost related to the price of the prosthesis (SEV 74.5% <italic>versus</italic> BEV 81.5%). To assess the global economic impact of the procedure, three scenarios were constructed. In scenario 1, with TAVI penetration rates according to current guidelines (189 procedures/million inhabitants), the economic impact of TAVI in Portugal would be 43 770 586&#8364;. In scenario 2, with TAVI indication extending to intermediate-risk patients (estimated penetration of 241 procedures/million inhabitants), the economic impact would be 55 904 116&#8364;. In scenario 3, with TAVI indication extending to low-risk patients aged &gt; 75 years (penetration of 391 procedures/million inhabitants), the economic impact would be 90 754 310&#8364;. Briefly, that study shows that the implementation of TAVI to treat aortic stenosis is associated with a significant economic impact on the Portuguese healthcare system; thus, ways to improve access to the procedure should be discussed but maintaining the sustainability of the healthcare system.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Heart failure and cardiomyopathy</title>
        <p>In 2020, the RPC published a study by Gouveia et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B28">28</xref></sup> on the economic impact of HF, because, knowing that HF is the major responsible for hospital costs in the United States, its impact should be known in every country. Those authors calculated the annual costs of HF in Portugal, including direct (resource consumption) and indirect (productivity losses) costs, based on data from real clinical practice. In that study, the direct costs with HF in 2014 were &#8364;299 million (39% for hospitalizations, 24% for medicines, 17% for diagnostic and therapeutic tests, 16% for consultations, and the rest for other needs, such as emergencies and long-term care). The indirect costs were &#8364;106 million (16% for absenteeism and 84% for reduced employment). Those values represent 2.6% of total public health expenditure. In addition, the projection of total costs of HF up to 2036, estimating they significantly increase from &#8364;405 million to &#8364;503 million, shows the importance of current and future economic impact of HF in Portugal.</p>
        <p>Regarding the prognostic predictors of HF with reduced ejection fraction, Ozenc et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B29">29</xref></sup> have published in the RPC an article assessing the prognostic value of the right ventricular stroke work index (RVSWI). That study prospectively enrolled 132 patients undergoing right heart catheterization for RVSWI calculation. Those authors concluded that RVSWI predicts the risk of cardiac decompensation and correlates with NYHA functional class in advanced stages of HF. Those data reinforce the relevance of right ventricular assessment in those patients<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B30">30</xref></sup> and suggest the importance of combining the information on right cardiac hemodynamics with that of right ventricular function.</p>
        <p>It is worth noting the article by Menezes et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B31">31</xref></sup> published in 2020 in the RPC about a theme that has not received much attention in the literature, the endomyocardial biopsy. Some studies have suggested that left ventricular endomyocardial biopsy is safer and has a higher diagnostic yield than that of the right ventricle. Those authors have assessed the efficacy, safety, and usefulness of performing transradial left ventricular endomyocardial biopsy in a group of 27 patients. Those authors have reported a success rate of 100% and no significant complications, showing the safety and good diagnostic yield of the technique when used in properly selected patients.</p>
        <p>There is a background of systemic oxidative damage in HF, but how HF can affect different structures other than the CV system, mainly DNA damage, is yet to be known. Thus, aiming at assessing DNA damage in different tissues, such as the left ventricle, lungs, and skeletal muscles (diaphragm, gastrocnemius, and soleus), Stefani et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B32">32</xref></sup> have submitted male Wistar rats to left coronary artery ligation with consequent myocardial infarction. Those authors have reported higher DNA damage (% tail DNA, tail moment, and Olive tail moment) in the HF group as compared to the placebo group, and soleum was the most damaged tissue as compared to left ventricle and gastrocnemius in the HF group. They have concluded that HF affects all tissues, centrally and peripherally, in addition to being positively correlated with left ventricular dysfunction.</p>
        <p>Chronic cardiomyopathy from Chagas disease is frequent in Brazil, causing severe public health problems. It is believed to result from persistent, diffuse, low-grade infectious myocarditis with focal myocytolysis and intense reactive and reparative fibrosis.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B33">33</xref></sup> It is estimated that 20-40% of patients with Chagas heart disease have atypical angina resulting from myocardial perfusion abnormalities caused by exercise that reverse at rest, probably associated with microvascular ischemia. Campos et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B34">34</xref></sup> have compared patients with Chagas disease-related microvascular ischemia to patients with microvascular ischemia of other etiologies. They have concluded that the clinical, hemodynamic, and myocardial perfusion characteristics were similar in both groups but left ventricular segmental and global dysfunction was more severe in patients with Chagas disease-related microvascular ischemia.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Congenital heart diseases</title>
        <p>Of the deaths from congenital malformations, those from malformations of the circulatory system (MCS) have a higher impact on the possibility of mortality reduction because they are preventable (if correctly diagnosed and treated) and frequent. Their relative importance has increased, and they became the third cause of death in 2015, representing 40% of the total. Salim et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B35">35</xref></sup> have assessed the distribution of mortality from MCS, according to sex, age groups, and Brazilian geographical regions, from 2000 to 2015, in individuals under the age of 20 years. In both sexes, the annual mortality from MCS was 5.3/100 000 inhabitants and proportional mortality was 4.2%. Those authors have concluded that the frequency of misdiagnosis of deaths from MCS is high at all ages, both sexes, and mainly in the Northern and Northeastern regions. That is a severe public health problem in Brazil, because of the lack of diagnosis and proper surgical treatment.</p>
        <p>In an analysis of 105 599 CV surgeries performed at the Heart Institute of the Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas of the University of S&#227;o Paulo (InCor), between January 1984 and June 2019, a 5.63% global mortality has been reported. Regarding congenital heart diseases, a significant improvement in mortality has been observed after the implementation of the Continuous Quality Improvement Program (CQIP), and, in 2019, mortality from that cause was 7%. In addition, improvement was observed in coronary artery bypass grafting and valvular surgeries with the CQIP. It is worth noting that the mortality rates have come closer to international standards, corroborating the heterogeneity of the deaths from MCS in different Brazilian regions.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B36">36</xref></sup></p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Pulmonary embolism</title>
        <p>Pulmonary embolism has a heterogeneous clinical presentation, and CT angiography is the gold-standard method for its diagnosis, with right ventricular dilation being the most frequently used parameter for prognostic stratification. That finding should be associated with the measurement of troponin and N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B37">37</xref></sup> Soriano et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B38">38</xref></sup> have proposed that pulmonary vascular volume (PVV), automatically estimated using a software, could be an accurate and easily obtainable mortality predictor. Those authors have conducted a retrospective cohort study with reanalysis of the CT angiography of 61 patients with pulmonary embolism and calculation of the PVV automatically using the Yacta software. They have concluded that adjusted PVV estimated by using that software seems a promising tool for prognostic stratification in acute pulmonary embolism, especially when compared to other classic prognostic parameters of CT angiography.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Covid-19 and cardiovascular disease</title>
        <p>The year 2020 has changed forever the medical practice because of the huge impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, whose repercussions on CVD have been enormous and will be felt for years. A single-center study published in the RPC has reported a 49.7% reduction in ACS admissions.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B39">39</xref></sup></p>
        <p>In addition, the pandemic has reinforced the concept that the cardiac impairment of patients with COVID-19 is not uncommon and comprises a wide range of presentations, such as arrhythmias, cardiomyopathies, and myocardial injury (MI), all associated with worse clinical outcomes. Two original single-center studies have shown a high incidence of MI in COVID-19, associated with higher in-hospital mortality. Nascimento et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B40">40</xref></sup> have shown the presence of MI in 36% of the patients with COVID-19 in the intensive care unit. Systemic arterial hypertension and BMI were independent predictors of risk for MI, and high-sensitivity troponin I &gt;48.3 ng/mL was associated with higher in-hospital mortality. Almeida J&#250;nior et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B41">41</xref></sup> have shown that, within the first 24 hours from admission, troponin T was an independent marker of mortality or need for invasive mechanical ventilation in patients admitted with COVID-19. In addition, titrated C reactive protein was independently associated with worse prognosis. Both studies have emphasized the importance of MI, evidenced by the elevation in troponins I and T, as a predictor of mortality and adverse effects in patients admitted with COVID-19.</p>
        <p>However, the sequelae from this crisis are even more frightening. In a remarkable article published in the RPC, General Ramalho Eanes, former president of Portugal, reflects on the impacts on society of this sanitary, economic, social, political, ecological, national, and planetary crisis. He emphasizes the need for rethinking society as a whole to integrate the individual and the group, encompassing all living things.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B42">42</xref></sup></p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Scientific and editorial perspectives</title>
        <p>Once again, this joint effort of the journals ABC Cardiol and RPC presents a teaser for the reader avid for updated and original scientific information. The specific data on the population from Brazil and Portugal are highly relevant, especially regarding the epidemiological aspects of coronary artery disease and the costs associated with new procedures, such as TAVI.</p>
        <p>Other areas have been highlighted in the 2020 issues, such as congenital and valvular diseases, cardiomyopathies, HF, pulmonary embolism, and COVID-19.</p>
        <p>We hope this selected 2020 menu triggers the readers&#8217; irresistible desire to digitally browse all 2020 ABC Cardiol and RPC issues, searching for their preferred subjects out of the 330 and 138 publications in 2020, respectively.</p>
        <p>Finally, we reassure the relevance of this scientific and editorial cooperation regarding the most important publications in cardiology in Portuguese.</p>
        <p>Best regards to you all, looking forward to select the 2021 Top 10!</p>
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          <p>Study Association</p>
          <p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
        </fn>
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        <fn fn-type="supported-by">
          <p><bold>Sources of Funding</bold>:  There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
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          <title>* Supplemental Materials</title>
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