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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">zpyJZkcS97p8YnrRNwXSTtG</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2021000701137</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20210418</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20210418</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Efeito Antioxidante e Anti-inflamat&#243;rio do Suco de Laranja</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-9477-3386</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Martinez</surname>
            <given-names>Paula Felippe</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-9789-2487</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Carvalho</surname>
            <given-names>Marianna Rabelo de</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-5029-1027</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Mendon&#231;a</surname>
            <given-names>Maria Lua Marques</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7728-4505</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Okoshi</surname>
            <given-names>Marina Politi</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8895-9456</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira-Junior</surname>
            <given-names>Silvio Assis de</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label> 1 </label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Campo Grande</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">MS</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original"> Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande , MS - Brasil </institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label> 2 </label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Departamento de Cl&#237;nica M&#233;dica</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Estadual Paulista J&#250;lio de Mesquita Filho</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Botucatu</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original"> Departamento de Cl&#237;nica M&#233;dica , Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu , Universidade Estadual Paulista J&#250;lio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu , SP - Brasil </institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01">Correspond&#234;ncia: Paula Felippe Martinez &#8226; Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - Instituto Integrado de Sa&#250;de Av. Costa e Silva, s/n. CEP 79070-900, Cidade Universit&#225;ria, Bairro Universit&#225;rio, Campo Grande, MS &#8211; Brasil E-mail: <email>paula.martinez@ufms.br</email> , <email>paulafmartinez@gmail.com</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>14</day>
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>06</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>116</volume>
      <issue>6</issue>
      <fpage>1137</fpage>
      <lpage>1138</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Suco de Frutas e Vegetais</kwd>
        <kwd>Citrus Sinensis</kwd>
        <kwd>Estresse Oxidativo</kwd>
        <kwd>Metabolismo</kwd>
        <kwd>Anti-inflamat&#243;rios</kwd>
        <kwd>Remodela&#231;&#227;o Ventricular</kwd>
        <kwd>Antioxidantes</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <funding-group>
        <award-group>
          <funding-source>Coordena&#231;&#227;o de Aperfei&#231;oamento de Pessoal de N&#237;vel Superior &#8211; Brasil</funding-source>
          <award-id>001</award-id>
        </award-group>
        <award-group>
          <funding-source>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient&#237;fico e Tecnol&#243;gico</funding-source>
          <award-id>310876/2018-4</award-id>
        </award-group>
        <award-group>
          <funding-source>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient&#237;fico e Tecnol&#243;gico</funding-source>
          <award-id>153424/2018-4</award-id>
        </award-group>
      </funding-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="12"/>
        <page-count count="2"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>A progress&#227;o da remodela&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca ap&#243;s o infarto do mioc&#225;rdio &#233; um evento complexo que envolve diversas rea&#231;&#245;es biol&#243;gicas, dentre elas, estresse oxidativo e resposta inflamat&#243;ria. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> - <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> A libera&#231;&#227;o de esp&#233;cies reativas de oxig&#234;nio (EROs), ap&#243;s inj&#250;ria isqu&#234;mica do mioc&#225;rdio, estimula o aumento de mediadores pr&#243;-inflamat&#243;rios, envolvidos na prolifera&#231;&#227;o de fibroblastos e no reparo tecidual na regi&#227;o infartada. No entanto, a produ&#231;&#227;o sustentada de EROs, associada com sobrecarga hemodin&#226;mica e incapacidade do sistema antioxidante, induz estresse oxidativo em &#225;reas n&#227;o infartadas que tamb&#233;m sofrem remodela&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> - <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> Essas altera&#231;&#245;es, acompanhadas da ocorr&#234;ncia de desordens do metabolismo energ&#233;tico, ativa&#231;&#227;o de metaloproteinases, morte e hipertrofia cardiomiocit&#225;ria, fibrose intersticial e disfun&#231;&#227;o ventricular, caracterizam o processo de remodela&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Estudos sobre variados compostos bioativos, frequentemente extra&#237;dos de alimentos, t&#234;m sido conduzidos com o prop&#243;sito de atenuar desordens comuns &#224; remodela&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca, como estresse oxidativo e inflama&#231;&#227;o. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> - <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> Entretanto, a extra&#231;&#227;o e isolamento dessas subst&#226;ncias pode demandar complexa rede de procedimentos t&#233;cnicos especializados e de alto custo, dificultando financeiramente o acesso de grande parte da popula&#231;&#227;o a esse recurso. Ademais, sua ingest&#227;o isolada n&#227;o permite a avalia&#231;&#227;o de potenciais efeitos derivados da intera&#231;&#227;o entre componentes da matriz alimentar e do organismo que possam alterar os efeitos metab&#243;licos. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Por outro lado, o consumo do alimento em sua totalidade atua como tamp&#227;o no sistema digestivo, o que permite maior biodisponibilidade de seus compostos ativos. Em vista disso, abordagens nutricionais envolvendo ingest&#227;o de alimentos naturais, como frutas e seus produtos (cascas, sucos, polpas, pur&#234;, geleia, entre outros), que tenham em sua composi&#231;&#227;o subst&#226;ncias com propriedades antioxidantes e anti-inflamat&#243;rias, t&#234;m despertado cada vez mais interesse. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> Nesse contexto, cabe destaque &#224;s frutas c&#237;tricas, ricas em compostos bioativos que podem promover altera&#231;&#245;es metab&#243;licas e proteger tecidos de les&#245;es resultantes do ac&#250;mulo de EROs. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Sucos de frutas c&#237;tricas, em geral, s&#227;o fontes abundantes de vitamina C e contribuem com o fornecimento de outros nutrientes, como pot&#225;ssio, folato, magn&#233;sio, al&#233;m de vitamina A <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> e compostos polifen&#243;licos. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> Nesse sentido, o suco de laranja &#233; uma matriz alimentar complexa e tem demonstrado potencial cardioprotetor devido &#224; sua composi&#231;&#227;o e capacidade antioxidante e anti-inflamat&#243;ria. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref> - <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Na presente edi&#231;&#227;o dos Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, Oliveira et al. <sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup> mostram os benef&#237;cios do consumo de suco de laranja, levando-se em conta seu papel antioxidante e cardioprotetor, em modelo experimental de remodela&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca ap&#243;s infarto do mioc&#225;rdio. Conforme esperado, o infarto de mioc&#225;rdio desencadeou processo de remodela&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca, caracterizada por hipertrofia card&#237;aca e preju&#237;zo do desempenho sist&#243;lico e diast&#243;lico do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo, acompanhados de aumento do estresse oxidativo e de marcadores inflamat&#243;rios e altera&#231;&#245;es do metabolismo energ&#233;tico. O consumo de suco de laranja melhorou a fun&#231;&#227;o sist&#243;lica e diast&#243;lica do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo, assim como diminuiu a atividade da glutationa peroxidase e a concentra&#231;&#227;o de interferon gama (INF-&#947;) no mioc&#225;rdio de animais infartados. Com rela&#231;&#227;o ao metabolismo energ&#233;tico, os ratos infartados que consumiram suco de laranja mostraram maior atividade de ATP sintase e fosfofrutoquinase, enzimas chave do metabolismo energ&#233;tico. Outro achado importante desse estudo foi o aumento da express&#227;o proteica da heme-oxigenase-1, sugerindo importante efeito antioxidante e anti-inflamat&#243;rio em resposta ao tratamento com suco de laranja em animais infartados.</p>
    <p>Portanto, h&#225; ind&#237;cios de que a inclus&#227;o de produtos naturais na dieta pode contribuir como adjuvante na atenua&#231;&#227;o da remodela&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca p&#243;s infarto do mioc&#225;rdio. Estudos futuros s&#227;o necess&#225;rios para melhor elucidar os efeitos cardioprotetores de interven&#231;&#245;es com este e outros produtos naturais.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ack>
      <title>Agradecimentos</title>
      <p>Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul &#8211; UFMS/MEC &#8211; Brasil; Coordena&#231;&#227;o de Aperfei&#231;oamento de Pessoal de N&#237;vel Superior &#8211; Brasil (CAPES) - C&#243;digo de Financiamento 001, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient&#237;fico e Tecnol&#243;gico (CNPq), processos 310876/2018-4 e 153424/2018-4; Funda&#231;&#227;o de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ci&#234;ncia e Tecnologia do Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul (FUNDECT).</p>
    </ack>
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    </ref-list>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Influ&#234;ncia do Consumo de Suco de Laranja (Citrus Sinensis) na Remodela&#231;&#227;o Card&#237;aca de Ratos Submetidos a Infarto do Mioc&#225;rdio</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Orange Juice</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-9477-3386</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Martinez</surname>
            <given-names>Paula Felippe</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-9789-2487</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Carvalho</surname>
            <given-names>Marianna Rabelo de</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-5029-1027</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Mendon&#231;a</surname>
            <given-names>Maria Lua Marques</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7728-4505</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Okoshi</surname>
            <given-names>Marina Politi</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8895-9456</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira-Junior</surname>
            <given-names>Silvio Assis de</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1001">
        <label>1</label>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, MS - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2001">
        <label>2</label>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Cl&#237;nica M&#233;dica, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista J&#250;lio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu, SP - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01001">Mailing Address: Paula Felippe Martinez &#8226; Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul - Instituto Integrado de Sa&#250;de Av. Costa e Silva, s/n. Postal Code 79070-900, Cidade Universit&#225;ria, Bairro Universit&#225;rio, Campo Grande, MS &#8211; Brazil E-mail: paula.martinez@ufms.br, paulafmartinez@gmail.com</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Fruit and Vegetable Juices</kwd>
        <kwd>Citrus Sinensis</kwd>
        <kwd>Oxidative Stress</kwd>
        <kwd>Metabolism</kwd>
        <kwd>Anti-Inflammatory Agents</kwd>
        <kwd>Ventricular Remodeling</kwd>
        <kwd>Antioxidants</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Post myocardial infarction cardiac remodelling progression is a complex event involving several biological reactions; these include oxidative stress and inflammatory response.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> - <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> The release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after myocardial ischemia stimulates pro-inflammatory mediators involved in fibroblast proliferation and tissue repair in the infarcted area. However, sustained ROS production in combination with hemodynamic overload and antioxidant system incapacity leads to oxidative stress in non-infarcted areas, which also undergo cardiac remodelling.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> - <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> These changes, associated with energy metabolism disorders, metalloproteinases activation, cardiomyocyte death and hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, and cardiac dysfunction characterize the cardiac remodelling process.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Studies on various bioactive compounds, often extracted from food, have been undertaken to assess their attenuating powers on disorders common to cardiac remodelling, such as oxidative stress and inflammation.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> - <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> However, the extraction and isolation of these substances can require a complex network of costly specialized technical procedures making it financially difficult for a large part of the population to access this resource. Additionally, taken in isolation one cannot evaluate the potential effects of interactions between food matrix components and the organism which may alter the metabolic effects.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Alternatively, consuming the food in its entirety acts as a buffer in the digestive system allowing greater bioavailability of its active compounds. Therefore, nutritional approaches involving ingestion of natural foods, such as fruits and their products (peels, juices, pulps, puree, and jams, etc), which contain substances with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, have increasingly gained interest.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> It is worth mentioning citrus fruits, which are rich in bioactive compounds that may change the metabolism and protect tissues from ROS accumulation injuries.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Citrus fruit juices, in general, are abundant sources of vitamin C and other nutrients, such as potassium, folate, magnesium, vitamin A,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> and polyphenolic compounds.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> In this sense, orange juice is a complex food matrix with cardioprotective potential due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref> - <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup></p>
      <p>In this edition of ABC, Oliveira et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup> show the benefits of orange juice consumption, taking into account its antioxidant and cardioprotective role, in rats with cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction. As expected, myocardial infarction triggered the cardiac remodelling process, characterized by cardiac hypertrophy and impaired left ventricle systolic and diastolic performance, accompanied by increased oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, and changed energy metabolism. Consumption of orange juice improved left ventricle systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and decreased myocardial glutathione peroxidase activity and interferon gamma (INF-&#947;) concentration. Regarding energetic metabolism, infarcted rats that consumed orange juice had higher myocardial ATP synthase and phosphofructokinase activity, key enzymes of energy metabolism. Another important finding in the study was increased heme-oxigenase-1 expression, suggesting an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory response to treatment with orange juice in infarcted animals.</p>
      <p>There is therefore evidence that including natural products in the diet contributes as an adjunct in attenuating cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction. Future studies are needed to better elucidate the cardioprotective effects of interventions with this and other natural products.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <ack>
        <title>Acknowledgments</title>
        <p>Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul &#8211; UFMS/MEC &#8211; Brazil; Coordena&#231;&#227;o de Aperfei&#231;oamento de Pessoal de N&#237;vel Superior &#8211; Brazil (CAPES) - Financial Code 001, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient&#237;fico e Tecnol&#243;gico (CNPq), process number 310876/2018-4 and 153424/2018-4; Funda&#231;&#227;o de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento do Ensino, Ci&#234;ncia e Tecnologia do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (FUNDECT). The authors thank Colin Edward Knaggs for the English editing.</p>
      </ack>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>Short editorial related to the article: Influence of Consumption of Orange Juice (Citrus Sinensis) on Cardiac Remodeling of Rats Submitted to Myocardial Infarction</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
