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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">ncXs549hHkBjtrMSsg4vhCF</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2021000600906</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20210140</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20210140</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>O Exerc&#237;cio de Caminhada Melhora a Variabilidade da Press&#227;o Arterial Ambulatorial em Claudicantes</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6327-1428</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Franzoni</surname>
            <given-names>Leandro</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Zubaran</surname>
            <given-names>Gabriel Pereira de Reis</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Motta</surname>
            <given-names>Stephanie Bastos da</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RS</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Programa de P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de: Cardiologia e Ci&#234;ncias Cardiovasculares, Porto Alegre, RS - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>2</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RS</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre - Grupo de Pesquisa em Cardiologia do Exerc&#237;cio, Porto Alegre, RS - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff3">
          <label>3</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RS</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre - Grupo de Vascular e Exerc&#237;cio - VascuEx, Porto Alegre, RS - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Leandro Franzoni</bold> &#8226; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) - Rua Itabora&#237;, 683. CEP <postal-code>90040-060</postal-code>, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brasil E-mail: <email>franzoni_77@hotmail.com</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>17</day>
        <month>05</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="collection">
        <month>05</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>116</volume>
      <issue>5</issue>
      <fpage>906</fpage>
      <lpage>907</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xml:lang="en" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Doen&#231;a Arterial Perif&#233;rica</kwd>
        <kwd>Preval&#234;ncia</kwd>
        <kwd>&#205;ndice Tornozelo &#8211; Bra&#231;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Press&#227;o Arterial</kwd>
        <kwd>Aterosclerose</kwd>
        <kwd>Diabetes Mellitus</kwd>
        <kwd>Claudica&#231;&#227;o Intermitente</kwd>
        <kwd>Caminhada</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="11"/>
        <page-count count="2"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>A doen&#231;a arterial perif&#233;rica (DAP) tem se mostrado cada vez mais prevalente em todo o mundo<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref>. O diagn&#243;stico cl&#237;nico se baseia na avalia&#231;&#227;o do &#237;ndice tornozelo-braquial (ITB), onde a press&#227;o arterial (PA) sist&#243;lica do tornozelo &#233; dividida pela PA sist&#243;lica do bra&#231;o&#178;. Valores &lt;0,9 indicam a presen&#231;a de DAP. A redu&#231;&#227;o da PA sist&#243;lica do tornozelo se deve &#224; aterosclerose dos membros inferiores. Indiv&#237;duos com DAP apresentam altera&#231;&#245;es hemodin&#226;micas significativas, como aumento nos n&#237;veis de PA<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref>. Al&#233;m disso, a alta variabilidade da PA est&#225; correlacionada ao desenvolvimento de DAP em indiv&#237;duos diab&#233;ticos<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref>.</p>
    <p>&#201; importante reduzir os n&#237;veis de PA em indiv&#237;duos com DAP. O treinamento f&#237;sico &#233; uma ferramenta &#250;til que pode auxiliar no tratamento dos sintomas cl&#237;nicos<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>6</sup></xref>. Foi o que Chehuen et al., fizeram; eles investigaram o efeito do exerc&#237;cio de caminhada (EC) na variabilidade da PA ambulatorial em indiv&#237;duos com DAP. Trata-se de um elegante ensaio cl&#237;nico randomizado no qual indiv&#237;duos com DAP e sintomas de claudica&#231;&#227;o foram divididos em dois grupos: controle (n=16) e EC (n=19). Avaliou-se a PA ambulatorial de 24 horas antes e ap&#243;s 12 semanas. Como desfecho, eles avaliaram a PA sist&#243;lica m&#233;dia e a PA diast&#243;lica ambulatorial, bem como as vari&#225;veis que representam a variabilidade da PA sist&#243;lica, diast&#243;lica e m&#233;dia (desvio padr&#227;o de 24 horas &#8212; DP24; desvio padr&#227;o ponderado em vig&#237;lia e sono &#8212; DPdn e m&#233;dia de 24 horas de variabilidade real &#8212; MVR24).</p>
    <p>Como principal resultado, o grupo EC conseguiu reduzir as variabilidades de PA sist&#243;lica e m&#233;dia em compara&#231;&#227;o com o grupo controle. Um estudo simples, mas extremamente relevante, que mostra que o EC &#233; eficaz para melhorar a variabilidade da PA ambulatorial em indiv&#237;duos com DAP. A seguir encontram-se alguns pontos interessantes do artigo. O grupo controle realizou 30 minutos de alongamento duas vezes por semana. Este &#233; um detalhe importante para um ensaio cl&#237;nico randomizado atual. &#201; necess&#225;rio que se disponibilize tempo de interven&#231;&#227;o semelhante com a mesma frequ&#234;ncia semanal para os dois grupos. O EC consistiu de 15 minutos de caminhada na esteira seguido de um intervalo de 2 minutos (30 minutos de exerc&#237;cio ativo e 30 minutos de descanso). A intensidade foi controlada pela frequ&#234;ncia card&#237;aca referente ao limiar de claudica&#231;&#227;o (padr&#227;o ouro para prescri&#231;&#227;o de DAP), com velocidade padr&#227;o de 3,2 km/h e ajuste de grada&#231;&#227;o quando necess&#225;rio<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref>.</p>
    <p>O desenho do estudo tamb&#233;m mostra a alta qualidade metodol&#243;gica com a correta aloca&#231;&#227;o dos participantes<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref>. A realiza&#231;&#227;o de ensaios cl&#237;nicos randomizados no Brasil &#233; dif&#237;cil, devido ao alto custo e escassez de m&#227;o de obra. &#201; dif&#237;cil realizar cegamento em estudos com exerc&#237;cios f&#237;sicos, uma vez que caminhada &#233; bem diferente de alongamento. Por&#233;m, para efeito de compara&#231;&#227;o, um grupo controle &#233; obrigat&#243;rio<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10"><sup>10</sup></xref>. Os autores optaram pelo alongamento, mas poderiam ter disponibilizado palestras sobre educa&#231;&#227;o postural, atividade f&#237;sica e estilo de vida, por exemplo. O mais importante &#233; que todos os avaliadores de resultados estavam cegos para o tipo de interven&#231;&#227;o, garantindo a confidencialidade da aloca&#231;&#227;o<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref>.</p>
    <p>O estudo tem muitos m&#233;ritos. Por&#233;m, &#233; importante notar que alguns pontos relacionados &#224;s pequenas limita&#231;&#245;es devem ser destacados. Um deles &#233; que o EC &#233; realizado em esteira, o que reduz a validade externa em n&#237;vel populacional, uma vez que muitas pessoas n&#227;o possuem esteira e caminham ao ar livre. Poderia haver mais um grupo que fizesse a caminhada na rua, para comparar os efeitos com a esteira, por exemplo. Al&#233;m disso, &#233; altamente recomend&#225;vel que indiv&#237;duos com DAP realizem treinamento de resist&#234;ncia para melhorar os n&#237;veis de resist&#234;ncia muscular e at&#233; mesmo o perfil lip&#237;dico. Portanto, eles poderiam ter tra&#231;ado uma compara&#231;&#227;o entre as diferentes modalidades de treinamento nesses indiv&#237;duos no contexto da PA. Todos esses coment&#225;rios podem ser usados como incentivo para novos estudos.</p>
    <p>Por fim, a DAP &#233; uma doen&#231;a subdiagnosticada e, por muitos anos, as pessoas apresentam sintomas sem um diagn&#243;stico definitivo. A melhora nos n&#237;veis de variabilidade da PA pode ter um impacto favor&#225;vel na redu&#231;&#227;o do risco cardiovascular e na melhora do progn&#243;stico da doen&#231;a. Portanto, a cria&#231;&#227;o de estrat&#233;gias de incentivo e engajamento em programas de exerc&#237;cios f&#237;sicos &#233; extremamente necess&#225;ria para essa popula&#231;&#227;o.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other" id="fn1">
        <p>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Treinamento de Caminhada Melhora a Variabilidade da Press&#227;o Arterial Ambulatorial em Claudicantes</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
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  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S01" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Walking Training Improve Ambulatorial Blood Pressure Variability in Claudicants</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6327-1428</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Franzoni</surname>
            <given-names>Leandro</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Zubaran</surname>
            <given-names>Gabriel Pereira de Reis</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Motta</surname>
            <given-names>Stephanie Bastos da</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff4">
          <label>1</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RS</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Programa de P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de: Cardiologia e Ci&#234;ncias Cardiovasculares, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff5">
          <label>2</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RS</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre - Grupo de Pesquisa em Cardiologia do Exerc&#237;cio, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff6">
          <label>3</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RS</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre - Grupo de Vascular e Exerc&#237;cio - VascuEx, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Mailing Address: Leandro Franzoni</bold> &#8226; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) - Rua Itabora&#237;, 683. Postal Code <postal-code>90040-060</postal-code>, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brazil E-mail: <email>franzoni_77@hotmail.com</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Peripheral Arterial Disease</kwd>
        <kwd>Prevalence</kwd>
        <kwd>Ankle Brachial Index</kwd>
        <kwd>Arterial Pressure</kwd>
        <kwd>Atherosclerosis</kwd>
        <kwd>Diabetes Melllitus</kwd>
        <kwd>Intermittent Clauduication</kwd>
        <kwd>Walking</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) has been shown to be increasingly prevalent worldwide.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref> Clinical diagnosis is based on evaluation of the ankle brachial index (ABI), where the ankle systolic blood pressure (BP) is divided by the systolic BP of the arm.&#178; Value &lt;0.9 indicate the presence of PAD. Reduction in systolic BP of the ankle is due to atherosclerosis in the lower limbs. Individuals with PAD have significant hemodynamic abnormalities, such as an increase in BP levels.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref> In addition, high BP variability is correlated with the development of PAD in diabetic individuals.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref></p>
      <p>It is important to reduce BP levels in PAD individuals. Physical training is a useful tool that can assist the treatment of clinical symptoms.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>6</sup></xref> It was what <italic>Chehuen</italic> et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref> did; they investigated the effect of walking training (WT) on ambulatory BP variability in PAD individuals. It is an elegant randomized clinical trial in which individuals with PAD and claudication symptoms were divided into two groups: control (n=16) and WT (n=19). 24-hour ambulatory BP was assessed before and after 12 weeks. As an outcome, they evaluated the mean systolic BP and ambulatory diastolic BP, as well as variables representing systolic, diastolic and average BP variability (24-hour standard deviation &#8211; SD24, awake and asleep weighted standard deviation &#8211; SDdn, and 24-hour average real variability &#8211; ARV24).</p>
      <p>As a main result, the WT group was able to reduce systolic and mean BP variabilities compared to the control group. A simple but extremely relevant study, showing that WT is effective to improve the variability of ambulatory BP in PAD individuals. Following are some interesting points of the manuscript. The control group performed 30 minutes of stretching twice a week. This is a key detail for a current randomized controlled trial. It is necessary that a similar time of intervention be made available with the same weekly frequency for both groups. WT included 15 minutes of walking on the treadmill followed by a 2-minute interval (30 minutes of active exercise and 30 minutes of rest). The intensity was controlled by heart rate referring to the claudication threshold (gold standard for prescription of PAD), with a standard speed of 3.2 km/h and grade adjustment when necessary.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref></p>
      <p>The study design also shows the high methodological quality with the correct allocation of the participants.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref> Conducting randomized clinical trials in Brazil is difficult, due to the high cost and shortage of labor. It is difficult to perform blinding in studies with physical exercise, since walking is quite different from stretching. However, for comparison purposes, a control group is mandatory.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10"><sup>10</sup></xref> The authors opted for stretching, but it could be lectures on postural education, physical activity and lifestyle, for example. Most importantly, all outcome assessors were blinded to the intervention type, ensuring allocation confidentiality.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref></p>
      <p>The study has many merits. However, it is important to note that some points related to small limitations should be highlighted. One is that the WT is performed on a treadmill, which reduces the external validity at the population level, since many people do not have a treadmill and walk outdoors. There could be one more group that would walk on the streets to compare the effects with the treadmill, for example. In addition, it is highly recommended that individuals with PAD undergo strength training to improve their muscle strength levels and even their lipid profile. Therefore, they could have made a comparison between different training modalities in these individuals within the context of BP. All of these comments can be used as an incentive for further studies.</p>
      <p>Finally, PAD is an underdiagnosed disease, where, for many years, people have had symptoms without a closed diagnosis. Improving BP variability levels can have a favorable impact on the reduction of cardiovascular risk, and improve disease prognosis. Therefore, creating incentive and engagement strategies in physical exercise programs are extremely necessary for this population.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other" id="fn2">
          <p>Short Editorial related to the article: Walking Training Improves Ambulatory Blood Pressure Variability in Claudication</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
