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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">NbpXjPFttB4XPhWTzxwfSqj</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2021000500679</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20201341</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20201341</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Radi Macruz &#8211; O Legado de um &#205;cone</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7773-4174</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Atik</surname>
            <given-names>Edmar</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Mady</surname>
            <given-names>Charles</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Ramires</surname>
            <given-names>Jose Antonio Franchini</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o do Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil.</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Edmar Atik</bold> &#8226; Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 74, cj.73. CEP <postal-code>01308-050</postal-code>, Bela Vista, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil, E-mail: <email>edmaratik@uol.com.br</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>16</day>
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="collection">
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>116</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <fpage>679</fpage>
      <lpage>681</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>17</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2020</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>03</day>
          <month>02</month>
          <year>2021</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>03</day>
          <month>02</month>
          <year>2021</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xml:lang="en" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Radi Macruz</kwd>
        <kwd>Cardiologistas/tend&#234;ncias</kwd>
        <kwd>Docentes</kwd>
        <kwd>Cardiologia</kwd>
        <kwd>M&#233;dicos</kwd>
        <kwd>&#201;tica M&#233;dica</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="2"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="11"/>
        <page-count count="3"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>Radi Macruz, Professor-associado do Departamento de Cardiopneumologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, faleceu em S&#227;o Paulo em 30 de novembro de 2020, aos 95 anos.</p>
    <p>Nasceu em 5 de julho de 1925 em S&#227;o Paulo, filho dos libaneses Kalil e Nini Macruz, tornou-se, ap&#243;s forma&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica de Medicina na FMUSP, o grande m&#233;dico e pioneiro de muitos avan&#231;os que o caracterizaram como um dos &#237;cones de maior relev&#226;ncia. Era um idealizador, na persegui&#231;&#227;o da din&#226;mica mais adequada para a ci&#234;ncia e para as descobertas cient&#237;ficas.</p>
    <p>Sua trajet&#243;ria acad&#234;mica foi calcada sempre no profundo conhecimento e no progresso da ci&#234;ncia cardiol&#243;gica como um todo. Cursou Medicina na Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, na qual iniciou em 1946, estimulado pelo pai que salientava a import&#226;ncia do m&#233;dico na sociedade e apesar da Matem&#225;tica, sua paix&#227;o desde jovem, que melhor conhecia por seus estudos nas escolas do interior de S&#227;o Paulo, onde morou com mais dez irm&#227;os, al&#233;m dos sete primos agregados de seu tio paterno.</p>
    <p>No entanto, durante seu crescimento profissional, foi a Matem&#225;tica que influenciou sua trajet&#243;ria cient&#237;fica na Cardiologia, interligadas em muitos aspectos. Nessa din&#226;mica, tal fator resultou na cria&#231;&#227;o do &#237;ndice que leva seu nome, o do intervalo PPR do eletrocardiograma na caracteriza&#231;&#227;o das sobrecargas atriais.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref><sup>&#8211;</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Certa vez, por esta cria&#231;&#227;o e tantas outras mais, o Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o (InCor) recebeu uma das maiores autoridades em eletrocardiografia do mundo, o sul-africano Leo Schamroth,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>6</sup></xref>para proferir uma palestra. Conduzido pelo Dr. Charles Mady ao anfiteatro, houve o encontro com Macruz na porta do mesmo. Na apresenta&#231;&#227;o de ambos, Schamroth perguntou se ele era o mesmo do &#237;ndice de Macruz. Mady respondeu afirmativamente e apressou-se em abrir o seu livro e mostrar a p&#225;gina comentando a respeito do referido sinal. Tornaram-se amigos. N&#227;o precisava de grandes tecnologias para Macruz mostrar a sua genialidade.</p>
    <p>Ele acreditava, em sua percep&#231;&#227;o, que n&#227;o existe Medicina sem Humanismo, que a paix&#227;o da vida era a descoberta de diferentes coisas, que a massa cr&#237;tica desenvolve o pensamento e o desenvolvimento, que a l&#243;gica atinge a verdade, que o esp&#237;rito da pesquisa nada mais&#233; do que a pr&#243;pria indaga&#231;&#227;o, que a paix&#227;o era desvendar os mist&#233;rios da natureza (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figura 1</xref>).</p>
    <fig id="f1">
      <label>Figura 1</label>
      <caption>
        <title>Foto do Radi Macruz, na express&#227;o da seriedade e responsabilidade, decorrentes do pensamento concentrado em poss&#237;veis descobertas cient&#237;ficas.</title>
      </caption>
      <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-116-04-0679-01341-gf01.tif"/></fig>
    <p>Desde que voltou dos Estados Unidos, participando de pesquisas no grupo de seu amigo Sarnoff,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref> tornou-se uma fonte inesgot&#225;vel de ideias e produ&#231;&#227;o cient&#237;fica. Como tinha uma forma&#231;&#227;o geral muito ampla, n&#227;o se limitou a criar subespecialidades, o que era pouco para ele, tendo bases s&#243;lidas em Matem&#225;tica e estat&#237;stica, algo que o ajudou muito.</p>
    <p>Com todo esse direcionamento de vida, iniciou-se na procura do entendimento da Cardiologia Pedi&#225;trica, especialidade que suscitava muita dificuldade diagn&#243;stica e terap&#234;utica, principalmente no per&#237;odo que compreendia as d&#233;cadas de 1950 a 1980. Desenvolveu-a durante este tempo, em conjunto com Munir Ebaid, tornando-se um dos respons&#225;veis pelo reconhecimento mundial nessa especialidade e como um dos &#237;cones brasileiros.</p>
    <p>Inovou com o tratamento da hipertens&#227;o pulmonar em cardiopatias cong&#234;nitas, atrav&#233;s da abertura de uma comunica&#231;&#227;o interatrial. Lan&#231;ou conceitos originais sobre a normalidade individual da press&#227;o arterial. Queria realizar a transposi&#231;&#227;o das grandes art&#233;rias em pacientes com insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca, estando normal o ventr&#237;culo direito.</p>
    <p>Tal era o seu conhecimento que todos o procuravam no discernimento das dificuldades de conduta. Quando iniciava suas visitas m&#233;dicas, sempre havia muita aflu&#234;ncia de pessoas interessadas, pois suas discuss&#245;es &#224; beira do leito eram antol&#243;gicas e muito disputadas. Diagnosticava cardiopatias complexas na beira do leito com exame f&#237;sico, radiologia simples e eletrocardiografia, simplesmente baseado no racioc&#237;nio cl&#237;nico. Era um dos raros m&#233;dicos que n&#227;o tinha receio de expor o seu modo de pensar numa discuss&#227;o cl&#237;nica: muitas vezes algu&#233;m achava absurdo o que ele dizia e, mais tarde, se curvava &#224; luz que brilhou.</p>
    <p>Por estes motivos e com tal motiva&#231;&#227;o ao adentrar a enfermaria no Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas ou no Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o, apagava as luzes e dizia que &#8220;a luz havia chegado&#8221;.</p>
    <p>Em 1983, n&#227;o de se estranhar quando lan&#231;ou o primeiro livro da especialidade no Brasil, intitulado Cardiologia Pedi&#225;trica, em conjunto com a Dra. Rachel Snitcovsky, pela Editora Sarvier.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref> Em seguida, enveredou pelo campo geral da Cardiologia e sua procura era tal que associava a localiza&#231;&#227;o da dor tor&#225;cica &#224; art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria acometida, al&#233;m de estabelecer com efici&#234;ncia a distribui&#231;&#227;o espacial dessa circula&#231;&#227;o. Durante a procura, comentava jocosamente que a obstru&#231;&#227;o de art&#233;rias coron&#225;rias tamb&#233;m provocaria a ocorr&#234;ncia de um sopro card&#237;aco no t&#243;rax. Mesmo dessa afirma&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o reconhecida, acentuava seu exemplo pela diretriz da procura cient&#237;fica incessante.</p>
    <p>Descreveu tortuosidades de art&#233;rias coron&#225;rias como causa de isquemia. Certa vez, prop&#244;s provocar o infarto do septo interventricular para diminuir e/ou eliminar a obstru&#231;&#227;o da via de sa&#237;da ventricular, direita e/ou esquerda, em miocardiopatia hipertr&#243;fica, para intranquilidade de seus pares na ocasi&#227;o. Hoje em dia, este &#233; um dos procedimentos utilizados nesta doen&#231;a.</p>
    <p>O livro Cardiopatia Isqu&#234;mica: Aspectos de Import&#226;ncia Cl&#237;nica, lan&#231;ado em 1989 em coautoria com sua esposa Val&#233;ria Bezerra de Carvalho, da Editora Sarvier,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref> mostrou-se de grande informa&#231;&#227;o. Na obra, lan&#231;ou novos conceitos sobre a dor card&#237;aca, relacionando a parede acometida com a topografia da dor, e sobre as press&#245;es intracavit&#225;rias.</p>
    <p>Como pioneiro e para acentuar sua caracter&#237;stica de marcas hist&#243;ricas, prop&#244;s a realiza&#231;&#227;o de um transplante card&#237;aco em S&#227;o Paulo, que n&#227;o foi concretizado por impedimentos legais da &#233;poca, um ano antes do sul-africano Christian Barnard ter realizado a primeira cirurgia no mundo. Para lembrar o feito, tal cirurgia aconteceu em 3 de dezembro de 1967, &#224;s 5h25, na Cidade do Cabo, no hospital Grute-Schuur. Em 1970, sempre de m&#227;os dadas com o progresso, estimulou o cirurgi&#227;o Euryclides de Jesus Zerbini a realizar a primeira cirurgia de infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio, al&#233;m de ter se envolvido com as primeiras desobstru&#231;&#245;es de art&#233;rias coron&#225;rias, atrav&#233;s do uso de laser, em 1976. Neste &#237;nterim, gra&#231;as ao envolvimento para mais descobertas no campo operat&#243;rio, o destacado cirurgi&#227;o Adib Jatene denominava-o como &#8220;um dos pais da cirurgia card&#237;aca no Brasil&#8221;. Atrav&#233;s da intromiss&#227;o em outros campos, como cl&#237;nico perspicaz que era, permitia-se abertamente comentar que &#8220;se a cirurgia fosse dif&#237;cil, seria ela realizada pelos cl&#237;nicos&#8221;, o que a todos descontra&#237;a, naquela que era uma afirma&#231;&#227;o da prof&#237;cua atua&#231;&#227;o do cl&#237;nico. Em 1970, foi tamb&#233;m pioneiro na introdu&#231;&#227;o da ecocardiografia em nosso meio, o que facilitou sobremaneira aspectos diagn&#243;sticos, principalmente na cardiologia pedi&#225;trica, que sofria mudan&#231;as consistentes, no &#226;mbito diagn&#243;stico terap&#234;utico, cl&#237;nico e cir&#250;rgico.</p>
    <p>Ademais, participou ativamente na constru&#231;&#227;o do Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o, inaugurado em 1978, que se tornou outro ap&#234;ndice de realce cient&#237;fico do Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo.</p>
    <p>Construiu, junto com Luiz D&#233;court, F&#250;lvio Pillegi, Jo&#227;o Tranchesi, E. J. Zerbini, Geraldo Verginelli, Delmond Bittencourt e Egas Armelin, dentre outros, a fase &#225;urea da Cardiologia e os frutos hoje colhidos por tantos disc&#237;pulos que se tornaram nomes tamb&#233;m de realce, na representatividade atual do pr&#243;prio Professor Titular da Cardiologia, Jos&#233; Antonio Franchini Ramires.</p>
    <p>Na complementa&#231;&#227;o de seu poderio cultural, foi autor do livro que chamou a aten&#231;&#227;o para a sua capacidade, ao aproximar de fato a Matem&#225;tica, sua paix&#227;o declarada, &#224; Medicina. Esse t&#237;tulo, Matem&#225;tica da Arquitetura Humana-Idiometria Humana-Novos Rumos da Normalidade.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10"><sup>10</sup></xref> define a tese dos padr&#245;es de normalidade para compreender de forma adequada o funcionamento do corpo humano, guiado pelas regras da Matem&#225;tica. E ele explica que &#8220;normal &#233; o que tem que ser, &#233; a verdade a ser atingida: n&#227;o pode ser um intervalo; &#233; um e somente um n&#250;mero e para obt&#234;-lo &#233; preciso conhecer a vari&#225;vel explicativa, &#225;urea, dominante e, logo, universal e b&#225;sica&#8221;.</p>
    <p>&#201; a partir desses conceitos que Macruz explica o significado de normalidade e define o que &#233; normal, para ent&#227;o mostrar o que, quando e onde tratar, levando em conta a varia&#231;&#227;o racial, cultural e alimentar, influenciada pela percep&#231;&#227;o.</p>
    <p>Dono de uma forma&#231;&#227;o s&#243;lida, foi um dos maiores cl&#237;nicos dos nossos tempos. Criou uma enorme escola e deixou disc&#237;pulos mundo afora, que muito o admiravam e admiram. Esse &#233; o maior legado de um Mestre.</p>
    <p>M&#233;dico brilhante, incans&#225;vel em pensar solu&#231;&#245;es para diferentes cardiopatias, n&#227;o era um cientista, mas um m&#233;dico com &#243;tima forma&#231;&#227;o e que se utilizava de conhecimentos em diferentes &#225;reas buscando entender ou tratar doen&#231;as card&#237;acas. Dessa forma, ele envolvia Matem&#225;tica, F&#237;sica, Biologia e Filosofia, enxergando o mundo e a Medicina de uma forma ampla e abrangente, sem retirar do m&#233;dico a responsabilidade de procurar saber cada vez mais do paciente e da doen&#231;a que o acometia. Nunca se sentiu satisfeito com o que existia e, por esse motivo, brincava ao dizer &#8220;a luz chegou&#8221;, expondo ideias que muitas vezes pareciam absurdas, mas que ao longo dos anos se tornaram solu&#231;&#245;es da pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref></p>
    <p>Como D&#233;court, era dono de uma cultura s&#243;lida. Literatura, m&#250;sica, arte, tudo fazia parte de seu cotidiano. N&#227;o era apenas m&#233;dico e pesquisador, mas um ser humano com enorme curiosidade. Fomos seus disc&#237;pulos e sentimos um orgulho definitivo dele. Quando se aposentou, a Faculdade e o InCor perderam um peda&#231;o acad&#234;mico. No entanto, continu&#225;vamos em contato e suas ideias persistiam estimulantes.</p>
    <p>Suas caracter&#237;sticas pessoais tornaram-no inconfund&#237;vel e, dessa forma, facilmente sab&#237;amos quando ele estava chegando. Nosso relacionamento era muito mais do que profissional, pois &#233;ramos todos muito amigos. Ele terminava nossas conversas, do alto de sua sabedoria, com as palavras &#8220;Compreende bem!&#8221;, em seu t&#237;pico timbre gutural. Ou, para come&#231;o da conversa, dizia &#8220;A luz chegou!&#8221;, com grande senso de humor.</p>
    <p>Caro amigo, agora, esteja onde estiver, voc&#234; est&#225; &#224;s voltas com D&#233;court e Zerbini, e certamente criando. Voc&#234; provou que o ser humano &#233; vi&#225;vel. Radi, voc&#234; nos faz muita falta.</p>
    <p>Deixa-nos, assim, um dos mestres mais brilhantes que a cardiologia j&#225; produziu, Radi Macruz. N&#227;o &#233; f&#225;cil descrev&#234;-lo humanamente e como acad&#234;mico. Em ambos os setores, seu brilho era indiscut&#237;vel. Era dono de uma personalidade complexa, genial, e por isso n&#227;o era f&#225;cil conhec&#234;-lo.</p>
    <p>Radi Macruz, sua vida foi pr&#243;diga em realiza&#231;&#245;es, decorrentes da l&#243;gica, em meio &#224; &#233;tica m&#233;dica e humana, sua coloca&#231;&#227;o &#8220;ENTENDEU BEM?&#8221; nos fica como a pergunta que remete a procura em prol da verdade e da assertiva. Saudades, muitas, na continuidade de seu est&#237;mulo.</p>
    <p>Macruz, esteja certo que voc&#234; marcou gera&#231;&#245;es que jamais o esquecer&#227;o. Toda vez que entrarmos na sala de aula do InCor, denominada Sala Macruz, a luz estar&#225; acesa com o brilhantismo dos raios de luz deixados por ti.</p>
  </body>
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  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S01" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Radi Macruz &#8211; The Legacy of an Icon</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7773-4174</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Atik</surname>
            <given-names>Edmar</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Mady</surname>
            <given-names>Charles</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="editor">
          <name>
            <surname>Ramires</surname>
            <given-names>Jose Antonio Franchini</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>1</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o do Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil.</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Mailing Address: Edmar Atik</bold> &#8226; Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 74, cj.73. Postal Code <postal-code>01308-050</postal-code>, Bela Vista, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil, E-mail: <email>edmaratik@uol.com.br</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Radi Macruz</kwd>
        <kwd>Cardiologists/trends</kwd>
        <kwd>Faculty</kwd>
        <kwd>Physicians</kwd>
        <kwd>Cardiology</kwd>
        <kwd>Ethics</kwd>
        <kwd>Medical</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Radi Macruz, Associate Professor in the Department of Cardio-Pulmonology at Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, died in S&#227;o Paulo on November 30, 2020, at the age of 95.</p>
      <p>He was born on July 5, 1925 in S&#227;o Paulo, son of the Lebanese couple Kalil and Nini Macruz. Attended medical school at FMUSP and became the great pioneer physician, introducing many advances that made him one of the most relevant icons. He was an idealizer in pursuit of the most appropriate dynamics of science and scientific discoveries.</p>
      <p>His academic history has always been based on deep knowledge and the progress of cardiology sciences as a whole.</p>
      <p>Encouraged by his father, who stressed the importance of doctors in society, he started medical studies at Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo in 1946, even though Mathematics had been his passion since he was a young man, from his studies in schools in the interior of S&#227;o Paulo, where he lived with ten more siblings, in addition to the seven cousins, from his paternal uncle.</p>
      <p>However, in his professional career, it was Mathematics that influenced his scientific work in Cardiology, interconnected on many levels. This resulted in the creation of a namesake index &#8212; the PPR interval in electrocardiography &#8212; for the characterization of atrial overloads.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref><sup>&#8211;</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref></p>
      <p>Once, for this creation and so many others, Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o (InCor) received one of the greatest electrocardiography authorities in the world, South African Leo Schamroth,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>6</sup></xref> to give a lecture. Escorted by Dr. Charles Mady to the seminar room, Mr. Schamroth met Macruz at the door. When introduced to Macruz, Mr. Schamroth asked if he was the Macruz index one. Mr. Mady replied yes, then hurried to open his book and show the page by commenting on the said index. They both became friends. Macruz did not need any great technologies to show his genius.</p>
      <p>He believed that there is no Medicine without Humanism, that the passion of life was the discovery of different things, that critical mass leads to thinking and development, that logic reaches the truth, that the spirit of research is nothing more than questioning itself, that passion unravels the mysteries of nature (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figure 1</xref>).</p>
      <fig id="f2">
        <label>Figure 1</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Photo of Radi Macruz, in the expression of seriousness and responsibility, resulting from thinking focused on possible scientific discoveries.</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-116-04-0679-01341-gf01-en.tif"/></fig>
      <p>Since returning from the United States, where he participated in a study group with his friend Sarnoff,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref> he has become an inexhaustible source of ideas and scientific production. As he had a very broad general education, he did not limit himself to creating in subspecialties, which was too little for him, as he had a solid background in mathematics and statistics, which helped him a lot.</p>
      <p>With all these directions in life, he started to try to understand Pediatric Cardiology, a specialty that involved a lot of diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties, especially in the 1950s and 1980s. In that period, he educated himself with Munir Ebaid, and became one of those responsible for the worldwide recognition of this specialty, as a Brazilian icon.</p>
      <p>He innovated with the treatment of pulmonary hypertension in congenital heart diseases, with the opening of an atrial septal communication. He introduced original concepts about the individual normality of blood pressure. He wanted to perform transposition of the great arteries in patients with heart failure, with a normal right ventricle.</p>
      <p>He was so knowledgeable that everyone would looking for him to get help with management difficulties. He would then start his medical visits, always with a lot of interested people, as his discussions at the bedside were anthological and highly sought-after. He diagnosed complex cardiopathies at the bedside, with physical examination, simple radiology and electrocardiography, merely based on clinical reasoning. He was one of the very few doctors who were not afraid of exposing their thoughts in a clinical discussion, when people would often find it nonsense and, later, would bow to a shining light.</p>
      <p>For this reason and with such motivation when entering the ward at Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas or Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o, he would turn off the lights then say that &#8220;the light had arrived&#8221;.</p>
      <p>No wonder in 1983 he released the first specialty book in Brazil, entitled &#8220;<italic>Cardiologia Pedi&#225;trica</italic>&#8221; (Pediatric Cardiology), with Dr. Rachel Snitcowsky, published by Editora Sarvier.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref> Then, he entered the general field of Cardiology and his flair for investigation was such that he associated the site of chest pain with the coronary artery affected, in addition to establishing the spatial distribution of this circulation. While doing these investigations, he would jokingly say that the obstruction of coronary arteries would also cause a heart murmur in the chest. Even from this unrecognized statement, his leading role in unceasing scientific search would be further cemented.</p>
      <p>He described the tortuosity of coronary arteries as the cause of ischemia. Once, he suggested to provoke an interventricular septal infarction decrease and/or eliminate a right and/or left ventricular outflow tract obstruction into hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, for the uneasiness of his peers at the time. Today, it is one of the procedures used in this disease.</p>
      <p>Co-authoring with his wife Val&#233;ria Bezerra de Carvalho, he shared valuable information in the book &#8220;<italic>Cardiopatia Isqu&#234;mica-Aspectos de Import&#226;ncia Cl&#237;nica</italic>&#8221; (Ischemic Heart Disease &#8212; Aspects of Clinical Importance), published by Editora Sarvier,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref> in 1989. In this book, he introduced new concepts about cardiac pain, relating the affected wall to the topography of pain, in addition to new concepts about intracavitary pressures.</p>
      <p>As a pioneer and to enhance his typical historical marks, he suggested to conduct a heart transplant surgery in S&#227;o Paulo, not performed due to legal impediments at the time, one year before the South African Christian Barnard performed the first surgery in the world. The surgery took place on December 3, 1967 at 5.25 am in Cape Town at the Grute-Schuur Hospital. Always hand in hand with progress, he encouraged surgeon Euryclides de Jesus Zerbini to perform the first acute myocardial infarction surgery in 1970, and got involved with the first coronary artery laser unblocking procedures in 1976. In the meantime, due to his involvement in further discoveries in the operative field, the prominent surgeon Adib Jatene called him &#8220;one of the fathers of cardiac surgery in Brazil&#8221;. His connection with other fields, as an astute general practitioner, allowed him to state openly that &#8220;if surgery was a difficult thing, it would be performed by the general practitioners,&#8221; which amused everyone, as his statement reaffirmed the brilliant performance of general practitioners. He was also a pioneer in the introduction of echocardiography in Brazil in 1970, which greatly supported diagnosis in pediatric cardiology, which underwent consistent changes, especially in the diagnostic and therapeutic, clinical and surgical fields.</p>
      <p>In addition, he actively participated in the construction of Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o, opened in 1978, which became another scientific enhancement facility of Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo.</p>
      <p>With Luiz D&#233;court, F&#250;lvio Pillegi, Jo&#227;o Tranchesi, E J Zerbini, Geraldo Verginelli, Delmond Bittencourt, Egas Armelin, and others, he built the golden phase of Cardiology and the fruits today are harvested by so many disciples who have also become names of prominence, such as the Full Professor of Cardiology Jose Antonio Franchini Ramires.</p>
      <p>Complementing his cultural power, he wrote a book that drew attention to the characterization of his capacity, when he actually connected Mathematics, his declared passion, to Medicine. The title &#8220;<italic>Matem&#225;tica da Arquitetura Humana &#8211; Idiometria Humana &#8211; Novos Rumos da Normalidade</italic>&#8221; (Mathematics of Human Architecture &#8212; Human Idiometry &#8212; New Directions of Normality),<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10"><sup>10</sup></xref> presents the thesis of normality patterns and outlines the functioning of the human body guided by the rules of Mathematics. And he explains that &#8220;normal is what something has to be, it is the truth to be reached: it cannot be an interval; it is one and only one number and, to obtain it, one must know the golden dominant explanatory, therefore universal and basic variable.&#8221;</p>
      <p>Based on these concepts, Macruz explains what normality means, defines what is normal, then shows what to treat, when to treat and where to treat, considering racial, cultural and dietary variations influenced by perception.</p>
      <p>Of a solid background, he was one of the greatest general practitioners of our times. He set trends and had disciples around the world, who admired and still admire him greatly. This is the greatest legacy that a Master can leave.</p>
      <p>A brilliant doctor, tireless thinker of solutions for different heart diseases, he was not a scientist, but a doctor with an excellent background, who used knowledge from different areas in order to understand or treat heart diseases. As such, he mixed up mathematics, physics, biology and philosophy, seeing the world and medicine in a broad and comprehensive way, without denying doctors&#8217; responsibility for getting more and more information about their patients and their disease. He was never happy with whatever was available and, for this reason, he would jokingly announce &#8220;the light has arrived,&#8221; sharing ideas that often seemed absurd, but over the years have come to exist as solutions in clinical practice.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref></p>
      <p>Like D&#233;court, he had a solid cultural background. Literature, music, art, everything was part of his daily life. He was not only a doctor and a researcher, but a human being with enormous curiosity. We were his disciples, and we are definitely proud of him. When he retired, the Medical School and Incor lost an academic piece. However, we kept in touch and his ideas continued to flow.</p>
      <p>His personal characteristics made him unmistakable, so we would easily know when he was coming in. Our relationship was much more than professional, as we were all very close friends, and he ended our conversations, from the height of his wisdom, with the words &#8220;got it?&#8221;, with his typical deep voice. Or, at the beginning of our conversations, he would say &#8220;the light has arrived,&#8221; with a great sense of humor.</p>
      <p>Dear friend, wherever you are, now you are around D&#233;court and Zerbini, and certainly creating. You have proved that the human being is viable. Radi, we miss you terribly.</p>
      <p>One of the most brilliant masters that cardiology has ever produced, Radi Macruz, leaves us all. It is not easy to describe him humanly, and as an academic. In both sectors, his brilliance was indisputable. He had a complex and brilliant personality, so it was not easy to know him well.</p>
      <p>Radi Macruz, your life was full of achievements, resulting from logic, in the midst of medical and human ethics, and your saying &#8220;GOT IT?&#8221; is left as a question in the pursuit of truth and assertion. We miss you as we all know that this longing is a source of encouragement.</p>
      <p>Macruz, be sure that you have marked generations that will never forget you and every time we enter InCor&#8217;s classroom, called the Macruz Room, the light will be on with the brilliance of rays of light, left by you.</p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
