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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">MSjFGpBGzQThLvFHdtfMrpy</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="other">00501</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2021000400501</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20201109</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20201109</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Carta Cient&#237;fica</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Quais os Valores de Normalidade mais Adequados para Monitoriza&#231;&#227;o Residencial da Press&#227;o Arterial?</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-9983-4720</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Feitosa</surname>
            <given-names>Audes D. M.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-6652-1533</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Mota-Gomes</surname>
            <given-names>Marco A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-2311-4222</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Nobre</surname>
            <given-names>Fernando</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>4</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1564-121X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Mion</surname>
            <given-names>Decio</given-names>
            <suffix>Jr.</suffix>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">
            <sup>5</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-9475-3166</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Paiva</surname>
            <given-names>Annelise M.G.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8338-3649</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Argenta</surname>
            <given-names>F&#225;bio</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">
            <sup>6</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1265-1930</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Barroso</surname>
            <given-names>Weimar K.S.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
            <sup>7</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1582-7268</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Miranda</surname>
            <given-names>Roberto D.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">
            <sup>8</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-4361-936X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Barbosa</surname>
            <given-names>Eduardo C. D.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">
            <sup>9</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7040-396X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Brand&#227;o</surname>
            <given-names>Andr&#233;a A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">
            <sup>10</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7750-2792</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Jardim</surname>
            <given-names>Thiago S.V.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
            <sup>7</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5333-013X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Jardim</surname>
            <given-names>Paulo C.B.V.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">
            <sup>7</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11">
            <sup>11</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-0003-5102</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Nadruz</surname>
            <given-names>Wilson</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">
            <sup>12</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de Pernambuco</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Pronto Socorro Cardiol&#243;gico de Pernambuco (PROCAPE)</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Recife</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">PE</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Pronto Socorro Cardiol&#243;gico de Pernambuco (PROCAPE), Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife, PE - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <label>2</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Cat&#243;lica de Pernambuco</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Instituto UNICAP de Pesquisa Cl&#237;nica</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Recife</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">PE</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Instituto UNICAP de Pesquisa Cl&#237;nica, Universidade Cat&#243;lica de Pernambuco, Recife, PE - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff3">
          <label>3</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Centro Universit&#225;rio CESMAC</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Macei&#243;</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">AL</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Centro Universit&#225;rio CESMAC, Macei&#243;, AL - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff4">
          <label>4</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Ribeir&#227;o Preto</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, Ribeir&#227;o Preto, SP - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff5">
          <label>5</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff6">
          <label>6</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Santa Rosa</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Programa de Resid&#234;ncia M&#233;dica em Cardiologia</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Cuiab&#225;</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">MT</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital Santa Rosa, Programa de Resid&#234;ncia M&#233;dica em Cardiologia, Cuiab&#225;, MT - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff7">
          <label>7</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Goi&#225;s</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Goi&#226;nia</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">GO</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Liga de Hipertens&#227;o Arterial, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goi&#225;s, Goi&#226;nia, GO - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff8">
          <label>8</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Se&#231;&#227;o Cardiovascular</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Se&#231;&#227;o Cardiovascular, Disciplina de Geriatria, Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff9">
          <label>9</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Cardiometabolismo Hospital S&#227;o Francisco e Santa Casa Miseric&#243;rdia de Porto Alegre</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Servi&#231;o de Hipertens&#227;o Arterial</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RS</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Liga de combate &#224; Hipertens&#227;o Arterial de Porto Alegre, Servi&#231;o de Hipertens&#227;o Arterial e Cardiometabolismo Hospital S&#227;o Francisco e Santa Casa Miseric&#243;rdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff10">
          <label>10</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Rio de Janeiro</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff11">
          <label>11</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital do Cora&#231;&#227;o de Goi&#225;s Ltda</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Goi&#226;nia</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">GO</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital do Cora&#231;&#227;o de Goi&#225;s Ltda, Goi&#226;nia, GO - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff12">
          <label>12</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Estadual de Campinas</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Departamento de Cl&#237;nica M&#233;dica</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Campinas</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Cl&#237;nica M&#233;dica, Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Wilson Nadruz Junior</bold> &#8226; Departamento de Cl&#237;nica M&#233;dica - Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Cidade Universit&#225;ria &#8220;Zeferino Vaz&#8221;. CEP <postal-code>13081-970</postal-code>, Campinas, SP &#8211; Brasil. E-Mail: <email>wilnj@fcm.unicamp.br</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos Autores</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa: Feitosa ADM, Mota-Gomes MA, Nobre F, Mion Jr. D, Paiva AMG, Argenta F, Barroso WKS, Miranda RD, Barbosa ECD, Brand&#227;o AA, Jardim TSV, Jardim PCBV, Nadruz W; Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito: Feitosa ADM, Nadruz W; Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante: Mota-Gomes MA, Nobre F, Mion Jr. D, Paiva AMG, Argenta F, Barroso WKS, Miranda RD, Barbosa ECD, Brand&#227;o AA, Jardim TSV, Jardim PCBV</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potencial Conflito de Interesses</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Audes D. M. Feitosa &#8211; Omron, Medtronic, EMS, Sandoz, Novartis e Servier (palestras); Omron (Consultor); Beliva (s&#243;cio). Marco A. Mota-Gomes - Astra Zeneca, libbs, Sandoz, EMS, Merck, Servier, Omron (palestras); Beliva (s&#243;cio). Fernando Nobre - Libbs, Servier, EMS, Baldaci, Cardios, Novartis, Biolab, Daichi-Sankyo (palestras e textos cient&#237;ficos). F&#225;bio Argenta - Lilly, Novartis, Bayer, Boehringer, Torrent, AstraZeneca e Libbs (palestras). Weimar S. Barroso - Servier, EMS, Sandoz, Libbs, Merck, Brace, OMRON, CARDIOS (palestras); Beliva (s&#243;cio). Roberto D. Miranda - Boehringer, EMS, Novo Nordisk, Sandoz, Sanofi, Servier (palestras); Beliva (s&#243;cio). Eduardo C. D. Barbosa - Bayer, Servier, EMS, Cardios (palestras); Beliva (s&#243;cio). Andr&#233;a A. Brand&#227;o - Bayer, Servier, EMS, Cardios (palestras e textos cient&#237;ficos); Beliva (s&#243;cio) Thiago S.V. Jardim - Merck, Bayer, Astra Zeneca e Torrent (palestras). Paulo C.B.V. Jardim - Servier, Libbs, EMS (palestras).</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>23</day>
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>03</month>
        <year>2021</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>116</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>501</fpage>
      <lpage>503</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>15</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2020</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>11</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>2020</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>11</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>2020</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Hipertens&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Press&#227;o Arterial</kwd>
        <kwd>Valores Normais</kwd>
        <kwd>Padr&#245;es de Refer&#234;ncia</kwd>
        <kwd>Automonitoriza&#231;&#227;o Press&#227;o Arterial</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="19"/>
        <page-count count="3"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec sec-type="intro">
      <title>Introdu&#231;&#227;o</title>
      <p>O diagn&#243;stico de hipertens&#227;o arterial (HA) habitualmente se baseia em medidas de press&#227;o arterial (PA) obtidas no consult&#243;rio. Esta estrat&#233;gia, entretanto, pode subestimar ou superestimar a verdadeira preval&#234;ncia de HA devido &#224; presen&#231;a de fen&#243;tipos alternativos, como HA mascarada e HA do avental branco. Neste contexto, as diretrizes atuais de HA t&#234;m recomendado, quando poss&#237;vel, a realiza&#231;&#227;o de medidas de PA fora do consult&#243;rio, seja por meio da monitoriza&#231;&#227;o ambulatorial da PA (MAPA) ou da monitoriza&#231;&#227;o residencial da PA (MRPA), para a confirma&#231;&#227;o da HA e manuseio mais adequado do paciente.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref><sup>&#8211;</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref>
			</p>
      <p>Valores de MRPA utilizados para definir HA come&#231;aram a ser propostos de forma mais consensual a partir do final da d&#233;cada de 1990. Em 1998, resultados de uma metan&#225;lise de 17 estudos envolvendo 5.422 participantes n&#227;o tratados com medica&#231;&#245;es anti-hipertensivas sugeriram que valores elevados de MRPA fossem &#8805; 137/89 mmHg ou &#8805; 135/86 mmHg quando calculados a partir das m&#233;dias + 2 desvios padr&#245;es ou dos percentis 95, respectivamente.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref> No ano seguinte, a an&#225;lise de 2.401 indiv&#237;duos normotensos no consult&#243;rio estimou que valores elevados de MRPA fossem &#8805; 137/85 mmHg a partir do c&#225;lculo dos percentis 95.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>6</sup></xref> Al&#233;m disto, uma avalia&#231;&#227;o de 1.913 participantes (69% n&#227;o tratados) do Estudo de Ohasama mostrou que valores de MRPA &#8805; 137/84 mmHg se associaram com maior risco de morte ap&#243;s um seguimento m&#233;dio de 5 anos.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref> Os valores de refer&#234;ncia propostos por estes estudos foram arredondados e embasaram a recomenda&#231;&#227;o em diretrizes subsequentes de que medidas de MRPA fossem consideradas anormais quando maiores ou iguais a 135/85 mmHg.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref> Estes valores de refer&#234;ncia (135/85 mmHg) foram ent&#227;o incorporados &#224; pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica e t&#234;m sido recomendados para determinar a presen&#231;a de valores anormais de MRPA por diretrizes recentes de diversas sociedades<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10"><sup>10</sup></xref> incluindo a 7<sup>a</sup> Diretriz Brasileira de HA, publicada em 2016,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref> e as 6&#7491; Diretrizes Brasileiras de MAPA e 4&#7491; Diretrizes de MRPA, publicadas em 2018.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref>
			</p>
      <p>V&#225;rios estudos publicados na &#250;ltima d&#233;cada avaliando indiv&#237;duos sem uso de medica&#231;&#245;es anti-hipertensivas t&#234;m apontado para a necessidade de revis&#227;o dos valores de refer&#234;ncia de MRPA para diagnosticar HA<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>&#8211;</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref> Em 2012, Collde-Tuero e colaboradores relataram que valores de MRPA &lt; 130/80 mmHg se associaram com menor desenvolvimento de les&#245;es de &#243;rg&#227;o-alvo do que valores de MRPA &lt; 135/85 mmHg em uma amostra de 466 indiv&#237;duos.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref> Em 2017, um estudo coreano incluindo 256 participantes mostrou que valores de MRPA &#8805; 130/80 mmHg apresentaram maior acur&#225;cia do que valores de MRPA &#8805; 135/85 mmHg para detectar HA diagnosticada pela MAPA.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref> Mais recentemente, em 2020, resultados de an&#225;lise de regress&#227;o envolvendo 9.868 indiv&#237;duos brasileiros n&#227;o tratados mostraram que valores de PA no consult&#243;rio de 140/90 mmHg corresponderam a valores de 130/82 mmHg na MRPA.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref> No que se refere a desfechos cardiovasculares, Niiranen et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref> publicaram, em 2013, uma metan&#225;lise incluindo dados de 5.018 participantes n&#227;o tratados de 5 pa&#237;ses, a qual mostrou que valores de MRPA de 131,9/82,4 mmHg eram equivalentes a valores de PA no consult&#243;rio de 140/90 mmHg na predi&#231;&#227;o de eventos cardiovasculares.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref> De maneira geral, estes estudos publicados na &#250;ltima d&#233;cada demonstram que valores de normalidade para MRPA s&#227;o mais pr&#243;ximos de 130/80 mmHg do que 135/85 mmHg, dando suporte &#224; mudan&#231;a nos valores de refer&#234;ncia de MRPA para 130/80 mmHg.</p>
      <p>Diversas evid&#234;ncias obtidas em indiv&#237;duos sob tratamento anti-hipertensivo tamb&#233;m indicam que valores de refer&#234;ncia de MRPA mais baixos do que 135/85 mmHg sejam mais adequados para definir a presen&#231;a de comportamento anormal da PA.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15"><sup>15</sup></xref><sup>&#8211;</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17"><sup>17</sup></xref> Resultados de an&#225;lise de regress&#227;o envolvendo 10.069 brasileiros tratados mostraram que valores de MRPA de 131/82 mmHg s&#227;o equivalentes a valores da PA no consult&#243;rio de 140/90 mmHg.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref> No Estudo de Ohasama, a avalia&#231;&#227;o de 700 pacientes tratados mostrou que a incid&#234;ncia de acidente vascular encef&#225;lico foi maior em indiv&#237;duos com valores de MRPA entre 125/80 e 134/84 mmHg do que nos indiv&#237;duos com valores de MRPA &lt; 115/75 mmHg ap&#243;s um seguimento m&#233;dio de 11,9 anos, indicando que pacientes com valores de MRPA mais baixos que 135/85 mmHg ainda podem apresentar risco aumentado para desfechos vasculares desfavor&#225;veis.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15"><sup>15</sup></xref> Em outro estudo avaliando 3,5<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18"><sup>18</sup></xref> pacientes japoneses sob tratamento anti-hipertensivo, Asayama et al.,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16"><sup>16</sup></xref> mostraram que os indiv&#237;duos que atingiram valores de MRPA sist&#243;lica menores que 131,6 mmHg apresentaram menor risco de desfechos cardiovasculares desfavor&#225;veis.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16"><sup>16</sup></xref> Recentemente, Coll-de-Tuero et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17"><sup>17</sup></xref> mostraram que dentre os pacientes com PA elevada no consult&#243;rio sem les&#227;o de &#243;rg&#227;o-alvo, aqueles com valores de MRPA &lt; 130/80 mmHg tiveram mortalidade similar a indiv&#237;duos normotensos no consult&#243;rio, enquanto aqueles com valores de MRPA &lt; 135/85 mmHg tiveram maior mortalidade.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17"><sup>17</sup></xref> Em conjunto, as evid&#234;ncias obtidas em pacientes sob tratamento anti-hipertensivo d&#227;o suporte adicional &#224; recomenda&#231;&#227;o de que valores &#8805; 130/80 mmHg sejam utilizados para detectar indiv&#237;duos com comportamento anormal da MRPA.</p>
      <p>Por fim, consideramos v&#225;lido ressaltar que a MRPA e a MAPA na vig&#237;lia n&#227;o devem ser consideradas medidas de PA iguais. A MAPA na vig&#237;lia mede a PA durante as atividades habituais do paciente, incluindo trabalho, transporte, refei&#231;&#245;es, e em momentos de repouso e estresse. Por outro lado, a MRPA &#233; derivada de um protocolo r&#237;gido em que o paciente faz as medidas apenas em ambiente calmo, ap&#243;s repouso de pelo menos 3 minutos, ao amanhecer e ao anoitecer, antes das refei&#231;&#245;es (ou 2 horas ap&#243;s o jantar), de bexiga vazia e antes do uso das medica&#231;&#245;es anti-hipertensivas (se for o caso). Neste contexto, &#233; comum que os valores de MAPA na vig&#237;lia sejam ligeiramente mais altos do que de MRPA.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18"><sup>18</sup></xref> Portanto, pode-se afirmar que a MAPA na vig&#237;lia e a MRPA s&#227;o medidas distintas da PA, e consequentemente, podem apresentar valores de normalidade diferentes.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="conclusions">
      <title>Conclus&#227;o</title>
      <p>Com base nas evid&#234;ncias acima, a Diretriz Brasileira de HA 2020<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref> recomenda que os valores de anormalidade de MRPA passem a ser &#8805; 130/80 mmHg, em substitui&#231;&#227;o aos valores &#8805;135/85 mmHg recomendados previamente pela 7<sup>a</sup> Diretriz Brasileira de HA<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref> e pelas 6&#7491; Diretrizes de Monitoriza&#231;&#227;o Ambulatorial da Press&#227;o Arterial e 4&#7491; Diretrizes de Monitoriza&#231;&#227;o Residencial da Press&#227;o Arterial.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref>
			</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="supported-by" id="fn1">
        <p>
          <bold>Fontes de Financiamento</bold>
        </p>
        <p>O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other" id="fn2">
        <p>
          <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o Acad&#234;mica</bold>
        </p>
        <p>N&#227;o h&#225; vincula&#231;&#227;o deste estudo a programas de p&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other" id="fn3">
        <p>
          <bold>Aprova&#231;&#227;o &#201;tica e Consentimento Informado</bold>
        </p>
        <p>Este artigo n&#227;o cont&#233;m estudos com humanos ou animais realizados por nenhum dos autores.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
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  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="S01" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Letter</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>What are the Optimal Reference Values for Home Blood Pressure Monitoring?</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
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            <sup>1</sup>
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            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
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          <name>
            <surname>Mota-Gomes</surname>
            <given-names>Marco A.</given-names>
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            <sup>3</sup>
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        </contrib>
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          <name>
            <surname>Nobre</surname>
            <given-names>Fernando</given-names>
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            <sup>4</sup>
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        <contrib contrib-type="author">
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          <name>
            <surname>Mion</surname>
            <given-names>Decio</given-names>
            <suffix>Jr.</suffix>
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            <sup>5</sup>
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        <contrib contrib-type="author">
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            <sup>3</sup>
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          <name>
            <surname>Argenta</surname>
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            <sup>6</sup>
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        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
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            <surname>Barroso</surname>
            <given-names>Weimar K.S.</given-names>
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            <sup>7</sup>
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        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
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          <name>
            <surname>Miranda</surname>
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            <sup>8</sup>
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        <contrib contrib-type="author">
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          <name>
            <surname>Barbosa</surname>
            <given-names>Eduardo C. D.</given-names>
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            <sup>9</sup>
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        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-7040-396X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Brand&#227;o</surname>
            <given-names>Andr&#233;a A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff22">
            <sup>10</sup>
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        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
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            <surname>Jardim</surname>
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            <sup>7</sup>
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            <sup>11</sup>
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        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
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            <sup>12</sup>
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        <aff id="aff13">
          <label>1</label>
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            <named-content content-type="city">Recife</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">PE</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Pronto Socorro Cardiol&#243;gico de Pernambuco (PROCAPE), Universidade de Pernambuco, Recife, PE - Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff14">
          <label>2</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Recife</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">PE</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Instituto UNICAP de Pesquisa Cl&#237;nica, Universidade Cat&#243;lica de Pernambuco, Recife, PE - Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff15">
          <label>3</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Macei&#243;</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">AL</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Centro Universit&#225;rio CESMAC, Macei&#243;, AL - Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff16">
          <label>4</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Ribeir&#227;o Preto</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, Ribeir&#227;o Preto, SP - Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff17">
          <label>5</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff18">
          <label>6</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Cuiab&#225;</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">MT</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital Santa Rosa, Programa de Resid&#234;ncia M&#233;dica em Cardiologia, Cuiab&#225;, MT - Brazil</institution>
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        <aff id="aff19">
          <label>7</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Goi&#226;nia</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">GO</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Liga de Hipertens&#227;o Arterial, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Goi&#225;s, Goi&#226;nia, GO - Brazil</institution>
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        <aff id="aff20">
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          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Se&#231;&#227;o Cardiovascular, Disciplina de Geriatria, Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil</institution>
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            <named-content content-type="state">RS</named-content>
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          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Liga de combate &#224; Hipertens&#227;o Arterial de Porto Alegre, Servi&#231;o de Hipertens&#227;o Arterial e Cardiometabolismo Hospital S&#227;o Francisco e Santa Casa Miseric&#243;rdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil</institution>
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            <named-content content-type="state">RJ</named-content>
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          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Hospital do Cora&#231;&#227;o de Goi&#225;s Ltda, Goi&#226;nia, GO - Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
        <aff id="aff24">
          <label>12</label>
          <addr-line>
            <named-content content-type="city">Campinas</named-content>
            <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Cl&#237;nica M&#233;dica, Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP - Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Mailing Address: Wilson Nadruz Junior</bold> &#8226; Departamento de Cl&#237;nica M&#233;dica - Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - Cidade Universit&#225;ria &#8220;Zeferino Vaz&#8221;. Postal Code <postal-code>13081-970</postal-code>, Campinas, SP &#8211; Brazil. E-Mail: <email>wilnj@fcm.unicamp.br</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Author Contributions</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Conception and design of the research: Feitosa ADM, Mota-Gomes MA, Nobre F, Mion Jr. D, Paiva AMG, Argenta F, Barroso WKS, Miranda RD, Barbosa ECD, Brand&#227;o AA, Jardim TSV, Jardim PCBV, Nadruz W; Writing of the manuscript: Feitosa ADM, Nadruz W; Critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: Mota-Gomes MA, Nobre F, Mion Jr. D, Paiva AMG, Argenta F, Barroso WKS, Miranda RD, Barbosa ECD, Brand&#227;o AA, Jardim TSV, Jardim PCBV.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Audes D. M. Feitosa &#8211; Omron, Medtronic, EMS, Sandoz, Novartis e Servier (palestras); Omron (Consultor); Beliva (s&#243;cio). Marco A. Mota-Gomes - Astra Zeneca, libbs, Sandoz, EMS, Merck, Servier, Omron (palestras); Beliva (s&#243;cio). Fernando Nobre - Libbs, Servier, EMS, Baldaci, Cardios, Novartis, Biolab, Daichi-Sankyo (palestras e textos cient&#237;ficos). F&#225;bio Argenta - Lilly, Novartis, Bayer, Boehringer, Torrent, AstraZeneca e Libbs (palestras). Weimar S. Barroso - Servier, EMS, Sandoz, Libbs, Merck, Brace, OMRON, CARDIOS (palestras); Beliva (s&#243;cio). Roberto D. Miranda - Boehringer, EMS, Novo Nordisk, Sandoz, Sanofi, Servier (palestras); Beliva (s&#243;cio). Eduardo C. D. Barbosa - Bayer, Servier, EMS, Cardios (palestras); Beliva (s&#243;cio). Andr&#233;a A. Brand&#227;o - Bayer, Servier, EMS, Cardios (palestras e textos cient&#237;ficos); Beliva (s&#243;cio) Thiago S.V. Jardim - Merck, Bayer, Astra Zeneca e Torrent (palestras). Paulo C.B.V. Jardim - Servier, Libbs, EMS (palestras).</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Hypertension</kwd>
        <kwd>Blood Pressure</kwd>
        <kwd>Reference Values</kwd>
        <kwd>Reference Standards</kwd>
        <kwd>Blood Pressure Self-Monitoring</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec sec-type="intro">
        <title>Introduction</title>
        <p>The diagnosis of hypertension usually relies on office blood pressure (BP) measures. However, this approach might underestimate or overestimate the true prevalence of hypertension due to the presence of alternative BP phenotypes, such as masked hypertension and white-coat hypertension. In this regard, current hypertension guidelines have recommended the evaluation of out-of-office BP by ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) or home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM), when these techniques are available, to confirm the diagnosis and to provide a more adequate management of hypertension.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref><sup>&#8211;</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref>
				</p>
        <p>HBPM reference values used to define hypertension have been more consistently suggested since the end of 1990s. In 1998, results of a meta-analysis including data from 17 studies and 5,422 untreated participants suggested that elevated HBPM values should be &#8805; 137/89 mmHg or &#8805; 135/86 mmHg based on analysis of means + 2 standard deviations or ninety-fifth percentiles, respectively.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5"><sup>5</sup></xref> In 1999, the analysis of the ninety-fifth percentiles of HBPM values from 2,401 normotensive individuals at the office estimated that elevated HBPM values were &#8805; 137/85 mmHg.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6"><sup>6</sup></xref> Furthermore, the evaluation of 1,913 individuals (69% not treated with antihypertensive medications) from the Ohasama Study showed that HBPM values &#8805; 137/84 mmHg were associated with greater risk of death after 5 years of follow-up.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7"><sup>7</sup></xref> Subsequent hypertension guidelines rounded the reference values suggested by these latter studies and recommended that abnormal HBPM measures should be considered when &#8805; 135/85 mmHg.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8"><sup>8</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9"><sup>9</sup></xref> HBPM thresholds of 135/85 mmHg were then incorporated into clinical practice, and they have been used to define abnormal HBPM values by hypertension guidelines from various societies,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3"><sup>3</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10"><sup>10</sup></xref> including the Seventh Brazilian Hypertension Guidelines published in 2016<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref> and the Sixth Brazilian Guidelines of ABPM and Fourth Brazilian Guidelines of HBPM published in 2018.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref>
				</p>
        <p>Several reports published in the last decade evaluating individuals not using antihypertensive medications have suggested that HBPM reference values used to define hypertension should be reviewed.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref><sup>&#8211;</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref> In 2012, Coll-de-Tuero et al. reported that HBPM values &lt; 130/80 mmHg were associated with lower risk of development of end-organ damage than HBPM values &lt; 135/85 mmHg in a sample of 466 individuals.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11"><sup>11</sup></xref> In 2017, a Korean study evaluating 256 participants found that HBPM values &#8805; 130/80 mmHg had greater accuracy than HBPM values &#8805; 135/85 mmHg to detect hypertension, considering ABPM measurements as a reference.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12"><sup>12</sup></xref> More recently, in 2020, results of regression analysis including 9,868 untreated Brazilian participants showed that office BP values of 140/90 mmHg corresponded to HBPM values of 130/82 mmHg.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref> Regarding long-term outcomes, Niiranen et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref> published, in 2013, a meta-analysis including data from 5,018 untreated individuals from 5 countries, which showed that HBPM values of 131.9/82.4 mmHg were equivalent to office BP values of 140/90 mmHg in predicting cardiovascular events.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14"><sup>14</sup></xref> Overall, these studies demonstrated that normal HBPM values are actually closer to 130/80 mmHg than 135/85 mmHg, thus providing support for changing HBPM reference values from 135/85 mmHg to 130/80 mmHg.</p>
        <p>Numerous reports evaluating individuals using antihypertensive medications have also indicated that HBPM values lower than 135/85 mmHg are more adequate to define the presence of high BP levels.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15"><sup>15</sup></xref><sup>&#8211;</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17"><sup>17</sup></xref> Results of regression analysis including data from 10,069 treated Brazilian participants showed that HBPM values of 131/82 mmHg were equivalent to office BP values of 140/90 mmHg.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13"><sup>13</sup></xref> The evaluation of 700 treated hypertensive patients from the Ohasama Study demonstrated that the incidence of stroke was greater in patients with HBPM values ranging between 125/80 and 134/84 mmHg than in those with HBPM values &lt; 115/75 mmHg after a mean follow-up of 11.9 years, indicating that patients with HBPM values lower than 135/85 mmHg might still have greater risk of adverse cardiovascular events.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15"><sup>15</sup></xref> In another study evaluating 3,518 treated Japanese patients, Asayama et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16"><sup>16</sup></xref> found that individuals who achieved systolic HBPM values lower than 131.6 mmHg had lower risk of presenting adverse cardiovascular outcomes.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16"><sup>16</sup></xref> Recently, Coll-de-Tuero et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17"><sup>17</sup></xref> reported that, among treated patients with high office BP levels but no sign of end-organ damage, those with HBPM values &lt; 130/80 mmHg had mortality similar to individuals with normal office BP levels, while individuals with HBPM values &lt;135/85 mmHg had greater mortality.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17"><sup>17</sup></xref> In general, these data obtained in treated hypertensive patients provide additional support to the idea that HBPM &#8805; 130/80 mmHg should be used do define individuals with elevated BP levels.</p>
        <p>Finally, we believe it is worth mentioning that HBPM and daytime ABPM should not be considered as equivalent measures. Daytime ABPM measures BP while the studied individuals are performing their regular activities at work, in transportation, or during meals and when they are at rest or under stress. Conversely, HBPM values are derived from a strict protocol where the studied individuals measure their BP in a quiet environment, after at least 3 minutes of rest, in the morning and in the evening, before using antihypertensive medications or having meals (or 2 hours after dinner), and with empty bladder. In this context, it is common that daytime ABPM values are slightly greater than HBPM values.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18"><sup>18</sup></xref> Therefore, it can be stated that daytime ABPM and HBPM are distinct measures, and they may have different reference values.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="conclusions">
        <title>Conclusion</title>
        <p>Based on the aforementioned evidence, the Brazilian Guidelines of Hypertension 2020<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19"><sup>19</sup></xref> recommend that HBPM values should be considered abnormal when they are greater or equal to 130/80 mmHg, thus substituting the previous thresholds (&#8805; 135/85 mmHg) recommended by the Seventh Brazilian Hypertension Guidelines,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1"><sup>1</sup></xref> the Sixth Brazilian Guidelines of ABPM, and the Fourth Brazilian Guidelines of HBPM.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4"><sup>4</sup></xref>
				</p>
      </sec>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="supported-by" id="fn4">
          <p>
            <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
          </p>
          <p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other" id="fn5">
          <p>
            <bold>Study Association</bold>
          </p>
          <p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other" id="fn6">
          <p>
            <bold>Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate</bold>
          </p>
          <p>This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
