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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">NBsKbpdhmdW5t43r4T9YkWx</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2020001100460</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20200515</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20200515</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Desempenho dos &#205;ndices de Gravidade na Predi&#231;&#227;o de Complica&#231;&#245;es P&#243;s-Operat&#243;rias de Revasculariza&#231;&#227;o Mioc&#225;rdica</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3777-1947</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Soeiro</surname>
            <given-names>Alexandre de Matos</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Unidade de Emerg&#234;ncia</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o, Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo - Unidade de Emerg&#234;ncia,S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital BP Mirante</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Unidade Cardiol&#243;gica Intensiva</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital BP Mirante - Unidade Cardiol&#243;gica Intensiva, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"> Correspond&#234;ncia: Alexandre de Matos Soeiro &#8226; Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o, Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo - Unidade de Emerg&#234;ncia - Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44. CEP 09541001, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil E-mail: <email>alexandre.soeiro@bol.com.br</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>28</day>
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>09</month>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>115</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>460</fpage>
      <lpage>461</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p> This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. </license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Doen&#231;as Cardiovasculares/cirurgia</kwd>
        <kwd>Revasculariza&#231;&#227;o Mioc&#225;rdica</kwd>
        <kwd>Procedimentos Cir&#250;rgicos Card&#237;acos</kwd>
        <kwd>Cuidados P&#243;s-Operat&#243;rios</kwd>
        <kwd>Escores da Disfun&#231;&#227;o Org&#226;nica</kwd>
        <kwd>Mortalidade</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="11"/>
        <page-count count="2"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>No Brasil n&#227;o existem grandes estudos que relatam a experi&#234;ncia cir&#250;rgica dos servi&#231;os de sa&#250;de associando &#224; predi&#231;&#227;o de eventos. Nesse contexto, o estudo &#8220;Desempenho dos &#237;ndices de gravidade na predi&#231;&#227;o de complica&#231;&#245;es p&#243;s-operat&#243;rias de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica&#8221; traz uma informa&#231;&#227;o relevante ao que se refere &#224; literatura nacional. Esse estudo apresentado vem de maneira detalhada expor dados relevantes &#224; ocorr&#234;ncia ou n&#227;o de complica&#231;&#245;es perioperat&#243;rias em pacientes submetidos &#224; cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica (CRM), correlacionando as mesmas com escores de predi&#231;&#227;o de risco. Trata-se de tema extremamente relevante e que gera in&#250;meras incertezas frente ao paciente.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup></p>
    <p>A cirurgia card&#237;aca ainda representa um enorme campo no arsenal terap&#234;utico dentro da cardiologia. Apesar de todos os avan&#231;os nas interven&#231;&#245;es percut&#226;neas coronarianas ou valvares, muitos casos permanecem ainda voltados &#224; abordagem cir&#250;rgica convencional. Hoje a cirurgia card&#237;aca convencional tem atuado cada vez mais com casos altamente complexos. Essa situa&#231;&#227;o faz com que pacientes progressivamente de mais alto risco e complexidade anat&#244;mica coronariana sejam encaminhados &#224; CRM. Dessa forma, predizer risco operat&#243;rio adequadamente antes de um procedimento trata-se de uma etapa fundamental e obrigat&#243;ria. Vale ressaltar que a maioria dos escores como <italic>EuroScore</italic> I e II ou <italic>the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) risk score</italic> foram desenvolvidos para predizer mortalidade. <italic>EuroScore</italic> &#233; um sistema de pontua&#231;&#227;o progn&#243;stica desenvolvido na Europa para pacientes submetidos &#224; cirurgia card&#237;aca. O que esse estudo nos traz &#233; uma avalia&#231;&#227;o complementar e diferenciada de morbidade e disfun&#231;&#227;o org&#226;nica em diferentes sistemas, como cardiovascular, neurol&#243;gica, respirat&#243;ria e renal.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Estudo publicado em 2016 por Ad et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> comparou em 11.788 pacientes durante 15 anos de cirurgias card&#237;acas &#224; capacidade de predi&#231;&#227;o de mortalidade entre os escores <italic>EuroScore I, EuroScore II</italic> e o <italic>STS risk score</italic>. Com mortalidade total de apenas 1,8% a &#225;rea sob a curva encontrada foi respectivamente de 0,819, 0,844 e 0,846. Todos os escores provaram em larga casu&#237;stica terem utilidade nessa popula&#231;&#227;o quando aplicados &#224; pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Uma metan&#225;lise publicada tamb&#233;m em 2016 incluiu 22 estudos que avaliaram o <italic>EuroScore</italic> e o <italic>STS risk score</italic> na predi&#231;&#227;o de cirurgias valvares realizadas entre 2012 e 2015. O estudo concluiu mais uma vez que os escores eram similares na predi&#231;&#227;o de mortalidade em 30 dias. No entanto, somente 3 dos estudos avaliados possu&#237;am mais de 200 eventos documentados no seguimento, resultado esse considerado como fundamental pelos autores para predi&#231;&#227;o adequada de eventos. Al&#233;m disso, mais uma vez n&#227;o foram avaliadas disfun&#231;&#245;es org&#226;nicas imediatas do p&#243;s-operat&#243;rio, ressaltando a import&#226;ncia desse tipo de dado no cen&#225;rio atual.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Outra metan&#225;lise recente com 145.492 pacientes inclu&#237;dos submetidos &#224; cirurgia card&#237;aca, analisou a performance do <italic>EuroScore II</italic> na predi&#231;&#227;o de mortalidade. Na casu&#237;stica estudada, a mortalidade real foi de 2,95%, tendo sido predita pelo <italic>EuroScore II</italic> de 3,3%. A &#225;rea sob a curva na predi&#231;&#227;o de morte foi de 0,792. Dessa forma, novamente o <italic>EuroScore II</italic> mostrou-se um bom preditor de eventos perioperat&#243;rios em cirurgia card&#237;aca.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Apesar de toda a valida&#231;&#227;o do <italic>EuroScore</italic> na predi&#231;&#227;o de mortalidade, especificamente em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; disfun&#231;&#245;es org&#226;nicas sist&#234;micas, ele carece de avalia&#231;&#227;o. J&#225; em rela&#231;&#227;o aos outros escores, a utiliza&#231;&#227;o do <italic>SOFA</italic> foi avaliada em p&#243;s-operat&#243;rio de cirurgia card&#237;aca, mostrando-se um bom &#237;ndice novamente em avalia&#231;&#227;o de mortalidade.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> Estudo prospectivo com 1.058 pacientes em p&#243;s-operat&#243;rio de cirurgia card&#237;aca avaliou a performance de diferentes escores em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; mortalidade intra-hospitalar. A &#225;rea sob a curva do escore <italic>SOFA</italic> foi de 0,929 para o valor m&#233;dio e 0,927 para o valor m&#225;ximo. J&#225; o valor da &#225;rea sob a curva para <italic>EuroScore II</italic> foi de 0,906.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Por &#250;ltimo, outro estudo avaliou em uma coorte de 36.632 pacientes os escores <italic>SOFA, APACHE-II</italic> e <italic>SAPS-II</italic> n predi&#231;&#227;o de mortalidade em p&#243;s-operat&#243;rio de cirurgia card&#237;aca. As &#225;reas sob curva ROC foram de 0,809, 0,892 e 0,912, respectivamente. Nesse estudo, o escore <italic>SOFA</italic> mostrou o pior resultado comparativo, e mais uma vez n&#227;o houve descri&#231;&#227;o espec&#237;fica de disfun&#231;&#245;es org&#226;nicas individualmente.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Dessa forma, a avalia&#231;&#227;o na popula&#231;&#227;o brasileira de escores nessa popula&#231;&#227;o ap&#243;s CRM torna-se importante. A capacidade de predizer disfun&#231;&#245;es org&#226;nicas separadamente trata-se de algo pouco explorado e com relev&#226;ncia significativa agregando morbidade e tempo de interna&#231;&#227;o.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
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    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <italic>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Desempenho dos &#237;ndices de gravidade na predi&#231;&#227;o de complica&#231;&#245;es p&#243;s-operat&#243;rias de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica</italic>
        </p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Severity Index Performance in Predicting Postoperative Complications of Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3777-1947</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Soeiro</surname>
            <given-names>Alexandre de Matos</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1001">
        <label>1</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o, Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo - Unidade de Emerg&#234;ncia,S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2001">
        <label>2</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital BP Mirante - Unidade Cardiol&#243;gica Intensiva, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01001"><bold>Mailing Address: Alexandre de Matos Soeiro</bold> &#8226; Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o, Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo - Unidade de Emerg&#234;ncia - Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44. Postal Code 09541001, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil E-mail: alexandre.soeiro@bol.com.br </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Cardiovascular Diseases/surgery</kwd>
        <kwd>Myocardial Revascularization</kwd>
        <kwd>Cardiac Surgical Procedures</kwd>
        <kwd>Postoperative Car Organ Dysfunction Scores</kwd>
        <kwd>Mortality</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>In Brazil, there are no large studies that reported the surgical experience of health services associated with event prediction. In this context, the study &#8220;Severity index performance in predicting postoperative complications of myocardial revascularization&#8221; provides relevant information regarding the national literature. This study shows, in a detailed manner, data relevant to the occurrence or not of perioperative complications in patients submitted to Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) surgery, correlating them with risk prediction scores. This is an extremely relevant topic that generates countless doubts concerning the patient.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Cardiac surgery still represents a huge field in the therapeutic arsenal of cardiology. Despite all the advances in percutaneous coronary or valvular interventions, many cases still remain focused on the conventional surgical approach. Currently, conventional cardiac surgery has been increasingly working with highly complex cases. This situation makes patients who are progressively at higher risk and who exhibit coronary anatomical complexity to be referred to CABG. Therefore, adequately predicting the operative risk before a procedure becomes a fundamental and mandatory step. It is worth mentioning that most scores such as EuroScore I and II or the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) risk score were developed to predict mortality. The EuroScore is a prognostic scoring system developed in Europe for patients undergoing cardiac surgery. What this study brings us is a complementary and differentiated assessment of morbidity and organ dysfunction in different systems, such as the cardiovascular, neurological, respiratory and renal systems.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>-<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup></p>
      <p>A study published in 2016 by Ad et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> compared 11,788 patients during a 15-year period of cardiac surgeries regarding the ability to predict mortality between the EuroScore I, EuroScore II scores and the STS risk score. With a total mortality rate of only 1.8%, the area under the curve found was 0.819, 0.844 and 0.846, respectively. All scores have shown to be largely useful in this population, when applied to clinical practice.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup></p>
      <p>A meta-analysis also published in 2016 included 22 studies that assessed the EuroScore and STS risk score regarding the prediction of valvular surgeries performed between 2012 and 2015. The study concluded once again that the scores were similar in the 30-day mortality prediction. However, only 3 of the evaluated studies had more than 200 events documented during the follow-up, a result considered essential by the authors for adequate event prediction. Additionally, once again immediate postoperative organ dysfunction was not evaluated, emphasizing the importance of this type of information in the current scenario.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Another recent meta-analysis with 145,492 patients undergoing cardiac surgery, analyzed the performance of EuroScore II in predicting mortality. In the studied sample, the actual mortality rate was 2.95%, having been predicted by EuroScore II as being 3.3%. The area under the curve for the mortality prediction was 0.792. Thus, EuroScore II again showed to be a good predictor of perioperative events in cardiac surgery.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Despite all the EuroScore validation in predicting mortality, specifically in relation to systemic organ dysfunction, it lacks evaluation. In relation to the other scores, the use of SOFA was evaluated in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery, showing again a good index in assessing mortality.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref>,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup> A prospective study with 1,058 patients in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery evaluated the performance of different scores in relation to in-hospital mortality. The area under the curve of the SOFA score was 0.929 for the mean value and 0.927 for the maximum value. The value of the area under the curve for EuroScore II was 0.906.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Finally, another study evaluated SOFA, APACHE-II and SAPS-II scores in a cohort of 36,632 patients for the prediction of mortality in postoperative cardiac surgery. The areas under the ROC curve were 0.809, 0.892 and 0.912, respectively. In this study, the SOFA score showed the worst comparative result, and again there was no specific description of individual organ dysfunctions.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Thus, the evaluation in the Brazilian population of scores in this group of patients after CABG becomes important. The ability to predict organ dysfunctions individually is something that has been little explored and is of significant relevance, aggregating morbidity and hospital length of stay.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <italic>Short Editorial related to the article: Performance of severity indexes to estimate postoperative complications of myocardial revascularization</italic>
          </p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
