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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">FDdsKpzdKcNWGRMQ3NnzthL</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2020000800015</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20200261</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20200261</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Exerc&#237;cio Intervalado de Alta Intensidade versus Exerc&#237;cio Cont&#237;nuo: H&#225; Diferen&#231;a na Magnitude de Redu&#231;&#227;o da Press&#227;o Arterial?</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6929-8392</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Ferrari</surname>
            <given-names>Filipe</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1483-4335</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Martins</surname>
            <given-names>V&#237;tor Magnus</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Programa de P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Cardiologia e Ci&#234;ncias Cardiovasculares</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">RS</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Programa de P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o em Cardiologia e Ci&#234;ncias Cardiovasculares - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Grupo de Pesquisa em Cardiologia do Exerc&#237;cio</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">RS</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Grupo de Pesquisa em Cardiologia do Exerc&#237;cio (CardioEx) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff3">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Porto Alegre</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">RS</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia:</bold> Filipe Ferrari &#8226; Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre &#8211; Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350. CEP 90035-007, Santa Cec&#237;lia, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brasil E-mail: <email>ferrari.filipe88@gmail.com</email> </corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>07</day>
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>115</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>15</fpage>
      <lpage>16</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p> This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. </license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Hipertens&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Exerc&#237;cio</kwd>
        <kwd>Insufici&#234;ncia Card&#237;aca</kwd>
        <kwd>Fatores de Risco</kwd>
        <kwd>Press&#227;o Arterial</kwd>
        <kwd>Hipotens&#227;o P&#243;s Exerc&#237;cio</kwd>
        <kwd>Terapia por Exerc&#237;cio</kwd>
        <kwd>Estilo de Vida</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="15"/>
        <page-count count="2"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>
      <italic>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Efeito Agudo do Exerc&#237;cio Intervalado versus Cont&#237;nuo sobre a Press&#227;o Arterial: Revis&#227;o Sistem&#225;tica e Metan&#225;lise</italic>
    </p>
    <p>A hipertens&#227;o arterial sist&#234;mica (HAS) est&#225; fortemente associada a eventos cardiovasculares adversos, incluindo insufici&#234;ncia card&#237;aca, cardiopatia isqu&#234;mica e doen&#231;as cerebrovasculares.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Apresentando alta preval&#234;ncia mundial, em geral a HAS associa-se a fatores de risco como hist&#243;ria familiar, obesidade, alta ingest&#227;o de s&#243;dio e sedentarismo. Considerando estes fatores, estima-se que 1/3 da popula&#231;&#227;o dos EUA e a da Inglaterra seja de indiv&#237;duos hipertensos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> No Brasil, especificamente em 2016, foi relatada preval&#234;ncia acima de 32% de HAS (36 milh&#245;es) em indiv&#237;duos adultos, sendo em mais de 60% nos idosos. A HAS contribuiu, direta ou indiretamente, para metade dos &#243;bitos por doen&#231;as cardiovasculares.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup></p>
    <p>&#201; necess&#225;ria uma t&#233;cnica padronizada e apropriada para aferi&#231;&#227;o da press&#227;o arterial (PA). Idealmente, v&#225;rias etapas devem ser seguidas para alcan&#231;ar a m&#225;xima precis&#227;o. Recomenda-se medir a PA com o paciente sentado, suas pernas descruzadas, seus p&#233;s apoiados no ch&#227;o e o dorso recostado; seu bra&#231;o deve estar na altura do cora&#231;&#227;o e sua palma da m&#227;o virada para cima.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup></p>
    <p>O manejo adequado da HAS compreende interven&#231;&#245;es farmacol&#243;gicas e n&#227;o farmacol&#243;gicas. Aquelas n&#227;o farmacol&#243;gicas, como o exerc&#237;cio f&#237;sico, s&#227;o um pilar importante do tratamento, auxiliando na diminui&#231;&#227;o dos n&#237;veis press&#243;ricos e potencialmente contribuindo na redu&#231;&#227;o da dose di&#225;ria de medica&#231;&#227;o anti-hipertensiva. Al&#233;m do exerc&#237;cio, dieta balanceada com especial limita&#231;&#227;o no consumo de sal e controle do estresse e do consumo de &#225;lcool tamb&#233;m s&#227;o consideradas importantes condutas.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> Assim, a mudan&#231;a de estilo de vida visando &#224; redu&#231;&#227;o da PA &#233; recomendada para todos os indiv&#237;duos com HAS.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Em rela&#231;&#227;o ao exerc&#237;cio f&#237;sico, postula-se que o treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade (TIAI), conhecido popularmente como HIIT (do ingl&#234;s <italic>high-intensity interval training</italic> ) seja um protocolo de treinamento alternativo e at&#233; mais eficiente do que o treinamento cont&#237;nuo (TC) de intensidade moderada (TCIM), que &#233; o padr&#227;o-ouro recomendado em v&#225;rias diretrizes.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> O TIAI intercala atividade vigorosa (~ 85 a 95% da frequ&#234;ncia card&#237;aca m&#225;xima [FC<sub>m&#225;x</sub>] e/ou volume de oxig&#234;nio m&#225;ximo [VO<sub>2m&#225;x]</sub>) com dura&#231;&#227;o de 1 a 4 minutos, com per&#237;odos de recupera&#231;&#227;o (descanso ou exerc&#237;cio de baixa intensidade).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Foi demonstrado que o TIAI pode ser superior ao TCIM na melhora de aptid&#227;o cardiorrespirat&#243;ria, fun&#231;&#227;o endotelial, sensibilidade &#224; insulina, marcadores de atividade simp&#225;tica e rigidez arterial,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> fatores que podem influenciar melhor resposta da PA p&#243;s-exerc&#237;cio.</p>
    <p>Clark et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> estudaram os efeitos de 6 semanas de TIAI versus TCIM em PA avaliada por monitoriza&#231;&#227;o ambulatorial da press&#227;o arterial (MAPA) e rigidez a&#243;rtica em 28 homens com sobrepeso ou obesidade. Os indiv&#237;duos realizaram exerc&#237;cio em bicicleta estacion&#225;ria 3 vezes/semana. O TIAI teve correla&#231;&#227;o mais forte do que o TCIM, reduzindo a PA em cerca de 3 a 5 mmHg, sendo mais pronunciada naqueles com PA basal mais alta, mas n&#227;o houve diferen&#231;as estat&#237;sticas na efic&#225;cia entre o TIAI e o TCIM nos valores de PA.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> Em outro estudo, 19 pacientes (8 normotensos e 11 hipertensos) com s&#237;ndrome metab&#243;lica foram divididos em tr&#234;s grupos: TIAI (maior que 90% da FCm&#225;x, &#8776; 85% do VO<sub>2m&#225;x</sub>), TCIM (&#8776; 70% da FC<sub>m&#225;x</sub>, &#8776; 60% do VO<sub>2m&#225;x</sub>) e grupo-controle sem atividade f&#237;sica. Nos indiv&#237;duos normotensos n&#227;o foram encontradas diferen&#231;as nos valores da MAPA. Em hipertensos que praticaram TIAI, a PA sist&#243;lica sofreu redu&#231;&#227;o em 6,1 &#177; 2,2mmHg, quando comparada &#224; dos grupos TCIM e controle (130,8 &#177; 3,9 <italic>versus</italic> 137,4 &#177; 5,1 e 136,4 &#177; 3,8mmHg, respectivamente; p &lt;0,05). No entanto, a PA diast&#243;lica foi semelhante nos tr&#234;s grupos. Assim, a intensidade do exerc&#237;cio parece influenciar a magnitude redutora da PA, com o TIAI sendo superior ao TCIM.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Nessa edi&#231;&#227;o dos Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, Perrier-Melo et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> compararam a magnitude da hipotens&#227;o p&#243;s-exerc&#237;cio (HPE) &#8211; sendo considerada entre 45 e 60 minutos p&#243;s-exerc&#237;cio &#8211; no TIAI (&#8776; 80 a 100% da FCpico) <italic>versus</italic> TC em indiv&#237;duos adultos. Neste estudo, tanto protocolos com intensidade moderada (64 a 76% da FCpico) quanto vigorosa (77 a 95% da FCpico) foram considerados eleg&#237;veis para o grupo de TC. Inclu&#237;ram-se 12 ensaios cl&#237;nicos randomizados, sendo 6 com pr&#233;-hipertensos, 2 com normotensos, 1 com hipertensos e normotensos e 3 com hipertensos. Como m&#233;todo de aferi&#231;&#227;o, quatro ensaios utilizaram o m&#233;todo auscultat&#243;rio, e os demais utilizaram o m&#233;todo oscilom&#233;trico por equipamento autom&#225;tico. Como protocolo de treinamento, sete estudos utilizaram cicloerg&#244;metro, e os outros cinco utilizaram esteira. Os pesquisadores encontraram maior HPE a favor do TIAI, tanto na PA sist&#243;lica (WMD: &#8722;2,93 mmHg [IC95%: &#8722;4,96, &#8722;0,90]) como na PA diast&#243;lica (WMD: &#8722;1,73 mmHg [IC95%: &#8722;2,94, &#8722;0,51]), quando comparado ao grupo TC, sugerindo superioridade do TIAI em compara&#231;&#227;o ao TC na HPE nos 45 a 60 minutos subsequentes ao fim do exerc&#237;cio.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Um ponto importante a ser mencionado em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; metan&#225;lise de Perrier-Melo et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> &#233; que, apesar do TIAI ter reduzido significativamente a PA diast&#243;lica, quando o estudo de Maya et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup> foi omitido da an&#225;lise, esse benef&#237;cio desapareceu. Neste estudo, os indiv&#237;duos eram fisicamente ativos e normotensos. Assim, os resultados encontrados por Perrier-Melo et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup> sobre os valores press&#243;ricos de indiv&#237;duos com HAS devem ser avaliados com cautela, especialmente no que tange &#224; PA diast&#243;lica. Apesar do interessante estudo, algumas limita&#231;&#245;es devem ser lembradas, como o baixo n&#250;mero de pacientes estudados e a heterogeneidade nos m&#233;todos de aferi&#231;&#227;o da PA. Al&#233;m disso, a inclus&#227;o de indiv&#237;duos normotensos, pr&#233;-hipertensos e hipertensos nos mesmos <italic>forest plots</italic> tamb&#233;m n&#227;o permite uma conclus&#227;o mais assertiva, j&#225; que a magnitude da HPE pode ser diferente entre esses grupos, apesar de os autores terem realizado uma an&#225;lise de sensibilidade sem terem encontrado diferen&#231;as ap&#243;s a remo&#231;&#227;o de cada um dos estudos inclu&#237;dos.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Outra metan&#225;lise recente comparou os efeitos do TIAI e do TCIM em indiv&#237;duos hipertensos. Foram encontradas diferen&#231;as significativas na PA sist&#243;lica com ambas as atividades, quando comparadas ao grupo-controle: TIAI, 5,64mmHg; e TCIM, 3,7mmHg; bem como na PA diast&#243;lica TIAI, 4,8mmHg; TCIM, 2,41mmHg em compara&#231;&#227;o com o grupo-controle. Entretanto, o TIAI mostrou uma magnitude maior na redu&#231;&#227;o da PA diast&#243;lica, quando comparado ao TCIM. Quando o VO<sub>2m&#225;x</sub> (desfecho secund&#225;rio) foi avaliado, ambas as atividades aumentaram este importante marcador, quando comparadas ao grupo-controle, mas o TIAI promoveu uma melhora ainda mais pronunciada.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Apesar dos mecanismos envolvidos nas redu&#231;&#245;es da PA n&#227;o estarem totalmente esclarecidos, postula-se que o aumento na tens&#227;o de cisalhamento ( <italic>shear stress</italic> ) com consequente melhora na libera&#231;&#227;o de &#243;xido n&#237;trico, al&#233;m da redu&#231;&#227;o da atividade nervosa simp&#225;tica e da resist&#234;ncia vascular perif&#233;rica, contribuam para esses resultados.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref></sup> Ademais, por aumentar potencialmente os n&#237;veis plasm&#225;ticos de apelina e nitrito/nitrato, o TIAI pode ser eficaz na redu&#231;&#227;o da PA.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Por fim, apesar de as evid&#234;ncias sugerirem potencial benef&#237;cio na redu&#231;&#227;o da PA do treinamento com maiores intensidades intercaladas com per&#237;odos de recupera&#231;&#227;o, mais estudos s&#227;o necess&#225;rios para uma conclus&#227;o definitiva e poss&#237;veis mudan&#231;as nas recomenda&#231;&#245;es atuais de prescri&#231;&#227;o de exerc&#237;cio no manejo da HAS. Os resultados fornecidos por esta metan&#225;lise podem contribuir para elabora&#231;&#227;o de outros estudos de maior porte, em popula&#231;&#227;o constitu&#237;da apenas por hipertensos, avaliando como desfecho a redu&#231;&#227;o aguda e sustentada da PA com TIAI <italic>versus</italic> TC em diferentes intensidades. Enquanto isso, deve-se estimular todos os indiv&#237;duos, principalmente os com diagn&#243;stico de HAS, a praticar exerc&#237;cio f&#237;sico, dando &#234;nfase &#224;quele mais adequado e seguro, respeitando a individualidade e a capacidade de cada um.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
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  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>High-intensity Interval Training versus Continuous Exercise: Is There a Difference Regarding the Magnitude of Blood Pressure Reduction?</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6929-8392</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Ferrari</surname>
            <given-names>Filipe</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-1483-4335</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Martins</surname>
            <given-names>V&#237;tor Magnus</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3001">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1001">
        <label>1</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Graduate Program in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2001">
        <label>2</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Exercise Cardiology Research Group (CardioEx) - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff3001">
        <label>3</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01001"><bold>Mailing Address:</bold> Filipe Ferrari &#8226;Hospital de Cl&#237;nicas de Porto Alegre &#8211; Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350. Postal Code 90035-007, Santa Cec&#237;lia, Porto Alegre, RS &#8211; Brazil E-mail: ferrari.filipe88@gmail.com</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Hypertension</kwd>
        <kwd>Exercise</kwd>
        <kwd>Heart Failure</kwd>
        <kwd>Risk Factors</kwd>
        <kwd>Arterial Pressure</kwd>
        <kwd>Post Exercise Hypotension</kwd>
        <kwd>Exercise Therapy</kwd>
        <kwd>Life Style</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>
        <italic>Short Editorial related to the article Acute Effect of Interval vs. Continuous Exercise on Blood Pressure: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</italic>
      </p>
      <p>Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is strongly associated with adverse cardiovascular events, including heart failure, ischemic heart disease and cerebrovascular diseases.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup>With a high prevalence worldwide, SAH is commonly associated with risk factors such as family history, obesity, high sodium intake and physical inactivity. Therefore, it is estimated that countries such as the United States and England have 1/3 of hypertensive individuals.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup>In Brazil, specifically in 2016, a prevalence rate &gt; 32% of SAH (36 million) was reported in adult individuals, being &gt; 60% in the elderly. SAH contributed, directly or indirectly, to 50% of deaths from cardiovascular diseases.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup></p>
      <p>A standardized and appropriate technique for measuring blood pressure (BP) is necessary. Ideally, several steps should be followed to achieve maximum accuracy. It is recommended to measure BP with the patient in the sitting position, with legs uncrossed, feet placed flat on the floor and supported back region; the arm should be at the heart level and the palm facing upwards.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Adequate management of SAH comprises pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Non-pharmacological ones, such as physical exercise, are an important mainstay of treatment, helping to reduce blood pressure levels, and potentially contributing to the reduction of the daily dose of antihypertensive medication. In addition to exercise, a balanced diet with a special reduction in salt consumption, stress control and alcohol consumption are also considered important behaviors.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup>Thus, lifestyle changes aiming at BP reduction are recommended for all individuals with SAH.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Regarding physical exercise, it is postulated that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an alternative training protocol and even more efficient than continuous training (CT) of moderate intensity (MICT), which is the gold standard recommended in several guidelines.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup>HIIT intercalates vigorous activity (~ 85% to 95% of maximum heart rate [HR<sub>max</sub>] and/or VO<sub>2max</sub>) lasting 1 to 4 minutes, with recovery periods (resting or low intensity exercise).<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup>It has been shown that HIIT can be superior to MICT in improving cardiorespiratory fitness, endothelial function, insulin sensitivity, markers of sympathetic activity and arterial stiffness,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup>factors that can influence a better post-exercise BP response.</p>
      <p>Clark et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup>studied the 6-week effects of HIIT versus MICT on BP assessed by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and aortic stiffness in 28 overweight or obese men. The individuals performed exercise on a stationary bicycle 3x / week. HIIT showed a stronger correlation than MICT, reducing BP by about 3-5 mmHg, being more evident in those with higher baseline BP, but there were no statistical differences in effectiveness between HIIT and MICT on BP values.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup>In another study, 19 patients (8 normotensive and 11 hypertensive ones) with metabolic syndrome were divided into a group of HIIT (&gt;90% HRmax, ~85% VO<sub>2max</sub>), MICT (~ 70% HRmax, ~ 60% VO<sub>2max</sub>) or control group without exercise. No differences were found regarding ABPM values in normotensive individuals, In hypertensive patients who practiced HIIT, the systolic BP showed a reduction of 6.1 &#177; 2.2 mmHg when compared to those of the MICT group and the control group (130.8 &#177; 3.9 v <italic>ersus</italic> 137.4 &#177; 5.1 and 136.4 &#177; 3.8 mmHg, respectively; p &lt;0.05). However, diastolic BP was similar in the three groups. Therefore, exercise intensity seems to influence BP reduction magnitude, with the HIIT being superior to the MICT.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref></sup></p>
      <p>In this issue of the Brazilian Archives of Cardiology <italic>(Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</italic> ), Perrier-Melo et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup>compared the magnitude of post-exercise hypotension (PEH) &#8211; considering between 45 and 60 minutes post-exercise &#8211; in HIIT (~ 80 to 100% of HR<sub>peak</sub>) <italic>versus</italic> CT in adult individuals. In this study, protocols with both moderate (64 to 76% of HR<sub>peak</sub>) and vigorous intensity (77 to 95% of HRpeak) were considered eligible for the CT group. Twelve randomized clinical trials were included, 6 with prehypertensive, 2 with normotensive, 1 with hypertensive and normotensive, and 3 with hypertensive. As a method of measurement, four used the auscultatory method, while the others used the oscillometric method with automatic equipment. As a training protocol, seven studies used a cycle ergometer, while the other five used a treadmill. The researchers found a higher PEH in favor of HIIT both in systolic BP (WMD: -2.93 mmHg [95% CI: -4.96, -0.90]) and in diastolic BP (WMD: -1.73 mmHg [ 95%CI: -2.94, -0.51]), when compared to the CT group, suggesting a superiority of the HIIT when compared to CT on PEH in the 45-60 minutes after the end of the exercise.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup></p>
      <p>An important point to be mentioned in relation to the meta-analysis by Perrier-Melo et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup>is that, although HIIT significantly reduced diastolic BP, when the study by Maya et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup>was omitted from the analysis, the benefit disappeared. In this study, the assessed individuals were physically active and normotensive. Thus, the results found by Perrier-Melo et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup>should be viewed with caution regarding the pressure values of individuals with SAH, especially regarding diastolic BP. Despite the interesting study, some limitations should be recalled, such as the low number of studied patients and the heterogeneity of BP measurement methods. Moreover, the inclusion of normotensive, pre-hypertensive and hypertensive individuals in the same forest plots also does not allow a more assertive conclusion, since the magnitude of PEH may be different between these groups; although the authors carried out a sensitivity analysis, they found no differences after removing each of the included studies.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Another recent meta-analysis compared the effects of HIIT and MICT in hypertensive individuals. Significant differences were found in systolic BP with both interventions, when compared to the control group: HIIT, 5.64 mmHg and MICT, 3.7 mmHg, as well as in diastolic BP: HIIT, 4.8 mmHg, and MICT, 2.41 mmHg, when compared to the control group. However, HIIT showed a greater magnitude of diastolic BP reduction when compared to MICT. When VO<sub>2max</sub>(secondary outcome) was assessed, both interventions increased this important marker when compared to the control groups, but HIIT promoted an even more marked improvement.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Although the mechanisms involved in BP reduction are not fully understood, it is postulated that the increase in shear stress (shear stress) with consequent improvement in nitric oxide release, in addition to the reduction of sympathetic nervous activity and peripheral vascular resistance, contribute to these results.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref></sup>Moreover, by potentially increasing plasma levels of apelin and nitrite / nitrate, HIIT can be effective in reducing BP.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref></sup></p>
      <p>Finally, although the evidence suggests a potential benefit in reducing training BP with greater intensities intercalated with recovery periods, further studies are required for a definitive conclusion and possible changes in current exercise prescription recommendations for the management of SAH. The results provided by this meta-analysis can contribute to the performance of further and larger studies, in a population consisting only of hypertensive patients, evaluating the acute and sustained reduction in BP with HIIT <italic>versus</italic> CT at different intensities as an outcome. Meanwhile, we must encourage all individuals, especially those diagnosed with SAH, to practice physical exercises, emphasizing the more appropriate and safer ones, according to the individuality and capacity of each individual.</p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
