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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">MvqhfHvRt5zwmFnLvy5TBXG</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2020000500038</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20190484</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20190484</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Correla&#231;&#227;o Cl&#237;nico-radiogr&#225;fica</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Caso 1/2020 &#8211; Coarta&#231;&#227;o da Aorta &#205;stmica Muito Acentuada em Jovem com Hipertens&#227;o Arterial, Aliviada por Cateterismo Intervencionista</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7773-4174</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Atik</surname>
            <given-names>Edmar</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Arrieta</surname>
            <given-names>Raul Santiago</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Cassar</surname>
            <given-names>Renata</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Cl&#237;nica Particular Dr. Edmar Atik</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Cl&#237;nica Particular Dr. Edmar Atik, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital S&#237;rio Liban&#234;s de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital S&#237;rio Liban&#234;s de S&#227;o Paulo,S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"> Correspond&#234;ncia: Edmar Atik &#8226; Consult&#243;rio privado. Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 74, conj.73, Bela Vista. CEP 01308-050, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil E-mail: <email>conatik@incor.usp.br</email>
				</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>18</day>
        <month>05</month>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>114</volume>
      <issue>4 suppl 1</issue>
      <fpage>38</fpage>
      <lpage>39</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p> This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. </license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Cardiopatia Cong&#234;nita/cirurgia</kwd>
        <kwd>Coarta&#231;&#227;o A&#243;rtica/cirurgia</kwd>
        <kwd>Estresse Psicol&#243;gico</kwd>
        <kwd>Hipertens&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Angioplastia com Bal&#227;o/m&#233;todos</kwd>
        <kwd>Stent</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="4"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="2"/>
        <page-count count="2"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec>
      <title>Dados cl&#237;nicos</title>
      <p>Havia sido detectada hipertens&#227;o arterial h&#225; 6 meses ap&#243;s estresse estudantil em jovem de 16 anos de idade. Na ocasi&#227;o imagens diagn&#243;sticas realizadas (ecocardiograma e angiotomografia) comprovaram a presen&#231;a de coarta&#231;&#227;o da aorta extrema na regi&#227;o &#237;stmica, com muitas colaterais que preenchiam a aorta descendente. A press&#227;o arterial de 170/80 mmHg diminuiu para n&#237;veis de 130 a 150/80 mmHg com o uso de propranolol-80 mg/dia. Havia sido operado anteriormente para fechamento de comunica&#231;&#227;o interatrial com 4 anos de idade. Referia cansa&#231;o aos esfor&#231;os h&#225; alguns meses.</p>
      <p>Exame f&#237;sico: Bom estado geral, eupneico, acian&#243;tico, pulsos amplos nos membros superiores e ausentes nos inferiores. Peso: 45,5 Kg, Alt.: 163 cm, PAMSD e PAMSE = 155/80 mmHg, FC: 55 bpm. Aorta facilmente palpada na f&#250;rcula.</p>
      <p>Prec&#243;rdio: <italic>ictus cordis</italic> n&#227;o palpado e sem impuls&#245;es sist&#243;licas na borda esternal esquerda. Bulhas card&#237;acas normofon&#233;ticas, sopro sist&#243;lico rude, ++/4 na f&#250;rcula e faces laterais do pesco&#231;o e sopro diast&#243;lico suave e aspirativo, +++/4, na borda esternal esquerda. N&#227;o eram aud&#237;veis sopros no dorso do t&#243;rax. F&#237;gado n&#227;o palpado e pulm&#245;es limpos.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec>
      <title>Exames complementares</title>
      <p><bold>Eletrocardiograma:</bold> Ritmo sinusal, sinais de sobrecarga de ventr&#237;culo esquerdo com &#237;ndice de Sokollof de 46 mm e com repolariza&#231;&#227;o ventricular normal. AP = +40<sup>o</sup>, AQRS = +60<sup>o</sup>, AT = +30<sup>o</sup>.</p>
      <p><bold>Radiografia de t&#243;rax:</bold> &#193;rea card&#237;aca normal (&#237;ndice cardiotor&#225;cico = 0,50). Ped&#237;culo vascular alto mostra imagem em tr&#234;s (3) com maior dilata&#231;&#227;o na parte inferior orientando ao diagn&#243;stico da coarta&#231;&#227;o da aorta nessa regi&#227;o. Havia sinais de corros&#227;o costal &#224; direita ( <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01">Figura 1</xref> ).</p>
      <p>
        <fig id="f01">
          <label>Figura 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>
              <italic><bold>&#8211;</bold> Radiografia de t&#243;rax em PA salienta &#225;rea card&#237;aca normal com &#237;ndice cardiotor&#225;cico de 0,50 e trama vascular pulmonar normal. Coloca&#231;&#227;o de stent no in&#237;cio da aorta descendente salienta a dilata&#231;&#227;o p&#243;s-esten&#243;tica da aorta.</italic>
            </title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-114-4suppl1-0038-90484-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
      <p><bold>Ecocardiograma:</bold> Salienta cavidades card&#237;acas normais e sem hipertrofia mioc&#225;rdica. Gradiente m&#225;ximo de 14,7 e m&#233;dio de 6,8 mmHg na valva a&#243;rtica. As dimens&#245;es eram: Ao = 27, AE = 28, VE = 47, septo = 9, FE-VE = 68%, PS-VD = 28 mmHg.</p>
      <p><bold>Angiotomografia:</bold> Coarta&#231;&#227;o da aorta ap&#243;s a emerg&#234;ncia da art&#233;ria subcl&#225;via esquerda com circula&#231;&#227;o colateral evidente e pronunciada. Aorta ascendente= 28 mm, aorta descendente ap&#243;s a CoAo = 21 mm e a aorta t&#243;raco-abdominal = 14 mm.</p>
      <p><bold>Monitoriza&#231;&#227;o ambulatorial da</bold><bold>press&#227;o arterial (MAPA)</bold>: Press&#227;o arterial m&#225;xima = 170/100 mmHg e na maioria do tempo = 130-140/60-70 mmHg.</p>
      <p><bold>Holter:</bold> Extrass&#237;stoles ventriculares em n&#250;mero de 2.315 (3%) dentre 77 166 batimentos.</p>
      <p><bold>Diagn&#243;stico cl&#237;nico:</bold> Coarta&#231;&#227;o da aorta acentuada na regi&#227;o &#237;stmica com circula&#231;&#227;o colateral exuberante e valva a&#243;rtica bivalvular em evolu&#231;&#227;o natural de jovem com hipertens&#227;o arterial.</p>
      <p><bold>Racioc&#237;nio cl&#237;nico:</bold> Os elementos diagn&#243;sticos da coarta&#231;&#227;o da aorta eram evidentes, representados pela aus&#234;ncia dos pulsos arteriais nos membros inferiores, a hipertens&#227;o arterial nos membros superiores, acompanhados do sopro sist&#243;lico na f&#250;rcula, e da sobrecarga de ventr&#237;culo esquerdo no eletrocardiograma, al&#233;m da imagem em tr&#234;s (3) na radiografia de t&#243;rax. A confirma&#231;&#227;o diagn&#243;stica facilmente foi estabelecida pelas imagens do ecocardiograma e da angiotomografia.</p>
      <p><bold>Diagn&#243;stico diferencial</bold>: A coarta&#231;&#227;o da aorta cong&#234;nita deve ser distinguida de anomalias adquiridas que tamb&#233;m causam obstru&#231;&#227;o em v&#225;rios n&#237;veis da aorta, como na doen&#231;a de Takayassu.</p>
      <p><bold>Conduta:</bold> Dos dois caminhos para a corre&#231;&#227;o da coarta&#231;&#227;o da aorta, o cir&#250;rgico<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> e o percut&#226;neo,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> houve op&#231;&#227;o pelo &#250;ltimo. Antes, foi realizado o cateterismo card&#237;aco que revelou press&#227;o na aorta ascendente de 150/80 com m&#233;dia de 96 mmHg e na aorta descendente de 50/30 e 40 mmHg de m&#233;dia. A angiografia salientava estreitamento progressivamente maior a partir da art&#233;ria subcl&#225;via esquerda, cujo di&#226;metro de 12 mm era o mesmo do da cro&#231;a da aorta, at&#233; cerca de 40 mm abaixo, quando ent&#227;o se tornava puntiforme com orif&#237;cio m&#225;ximo de 2 mm e dilata&#231;&#227;o p&#243;s esten&#243;tica de 18 mm de di&#226;metro. Havia grande circula&#231;&#227;o colateral.</p>
      <p>Com esse quadro, foi realizada a pr&#233;-dilata&#231;&#227;o com <italic>bal&#227;o Mustang (Boston-</italic> 5/20 mm) da regi&#227;o &#237;stmica com coarta&#231;&#227;o. Nova angiografia mostrou aumento do di&#226;metro da aorta com coarta&#231;&#227;o, sem sinais de dissec&#231;&#227;o ou de aneurisma. Atrav&#233;s de <italic>Bainha tipo Mullins</italic> 14 fr, foi posicionado e implantado <italic>stent CP</italic> recoberto e montado em bal&#227;o 14/40 mm (BIB balloon). Novas angiografias evidenciaram n&#237;tida melhora da coarta&#231;&#227;o da aorta ( <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f02">Figura 2</xref> ). As press&#245;es posteriores se equivaleram na aorta ascendente e descendente em 127/67 e m&#233;dia de 87 mmHg.</p>
      <p>
        <fig id="f02">
          <label>Figura 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>
              <italic><bold>&#8211;</bold> Angiografia card&#237;aca mostra a acentuada coarta&#231;&#227;o da aorta, cerca de 40 mm ap&#243;s a emerg&#234;ncia da art&#233;ria subcl&#225;via esquerda, na imagem a esquerda e a ampla dilata&#231;&#227;o dessa regi&#227;o ap&#243;s a coloca&#231;&#227;o de stent, na imagem &#224; direita.</italic>
            </title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-114-4suppl1-0038-90484-gf02.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
      <p><bold>Coment&#225;rios:</bold> A coarta&#231;&#227;o da aorta mesmo acentuada pode evoluir a longo prazo sem altera&#231;&#245;es significativas desde que haja o desenvolvimento de circula&#231;&#227;o colateral que minimize a obstru&#231;&#227;o a&#243;rtica. Esse pensamento vem de encontro com a evolu&#231;&#227;o observada neste caso sem que tivesse desenvolvido ao menos hipertrofia mioc&#225;rdica ou algum grau de disfun&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica. Outro aspecto que chama a aten&#231;&#227;o neste caso cl&#237;nico foi o diagn&#243;stico tardio da anomalia, quando incidentalmente foi observado uma elevada press&#227;o arterial nos membros superiores. Tal fato expressa que o exame cl&#237;nico pr&#233;vio deste paciente n&#227;o havia sido certamente executado com os requintes de uma semiologia mais adequada. O procedimento percut&#226;neo tem se tornado o mais indicado na coarta&#231;&#227;o da aorta, principalmente no jovem e no adulto, por menos complica&#231;&#245;es e com efetividade semelhante &#224; do procedimento cir&#250;rgico.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> As imagens angiogr&#225;ficas atestam bem essa assertiva.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>Refer&#234;ncias</title>
      <ref id="B1">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation>1. Farag ES, Kluin J, de Heer F, et al. Aortic coarctation repair through left thoracotomy: results in the modern era. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2019; 55(2): 331-7.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Farag</surname>
              <given-names>ES</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kluin</surname>
              <given-names>J</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Heer</surname>
              <given-names>F</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Aortic coarctation repair through left thoracotomy: results in the modern era</article-title>
          <source>Eur J Cardiothorac Surg</source>
          <year>2019</year>
          <volume>55</volume>
          <issue>2</issue>
          <fpage>331</fpage>
          <lpage>337</lpage>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B2">
        <label>2</label>
        <mixed-citation>2. Erben Y, Oderich GS, Verhagen HJM, et al. Multicenter experience with endovascular treatment of aortic coarctation in adults. J Vasc Surg. 2019; 69(3): 671-9.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Erben</surname>
              <given-names>Y</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Oderich</surname>
              <given-names>GS</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Verhagen</surname>
              <given-names>HJM</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Multicenter experience with endovascular treatment of aortic coarctation in adults</article-title>
          <source>J Vasc Surg</source>
          <year>2019</year>
          <volume>69</volume>
          <issue>3</issue>
          <fpage>671</fpage>
          <lpage>679</lpage>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Clinicoradiological Correlation</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Case 1/2020 &#8211; Very Accentuated Isthmic Coarctation of the Aorta in a Young Individual with Arterial Hypertension Relieved by Interventional Catheterization</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7773-4174</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Atik</surname>
            <given-names>Edmar</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Arrieta</surname>
            <given-names>Raul Santiago</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Cassar</surname>
            <given-names>Renata</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1001">
        <label>1</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Cl&#237;nica Particular Dr. Edmar Atik, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2001">
        <label>2</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital S&#237;rio Liban&#234;s de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01001">Mailing Address: Edmar Atik &#8226; Private office. Rua Dona Adma Jafet, 74, conj.73, Bela Vista. Postal Code 01308-050, S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil E-mail: conatik@incor.usp.br</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Heart Defects Congenital/surgery</kwd>
        <kwd>Aortic, Coarctation/surgery</kwd>
        <kwd>Stress Psychological</kwd>
        <kwd>Hypertension: Angioplasty, Balloon/methods</kwd>
        <kwd>Stent</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec>
        <title>Clinical data</title>
        <p>Arterial hypertension had been detected 6 months before, after study-related stress in a 16-year-old individual. At the time, diagnostic images (echocardiography and angiotomography) confirmed the presence of accentuated isthmic coarctation of the aorta, with many collaterals that filled the descending aorta. Blood pressure was 170/80 mmHg, which decreased to 130 to 150/80 mmHg with propranolol-80 mg/day. He had been previously submitted to surgery for atrial septal defect closure at 4 years of age. He reported fatigue at exertion since a few months before.</p>
        <p>Physical examination: Good overall status, eupneic, acyanotic, wide pulses in the upper limbs and absent in the lower limbs. Weight: 45.5 Kg, Height: 163 cm, right upper limb BP and left upper limb BP = 155/80 mmHg, HR: 55 bpm. Aorta easily palpated at the suprasternal notch.</p>
        <p>Precordium: non-palpable apex beat and no systolic impulses along the left sternal border. Normal heart sounds, rough systolic murmur, ++/4 in the suprasternal notch and lateral neck surfaces, and mild and aspirating diastolic murmur, +++/4, in the left sternal border. There were no audible murmurs on the back of the thorax. The liver was not palpated, and the lungs were clear.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Complementary examinations</title>
        <p><bold>Electrocardiogram:</bold> Sinus rhythm, signs of left ventricular overload with Sokoloff index of 46 mm and normal ventricular repolarization. AP = +40<sup>o</sup>, AQRS = +60<sup>o</sup>, AT = +30<sup>o</sup>.</p>
        <p><bold>Chest x-ray:</bold> Normal cardiac area (cardiothoracic index = 0.50). High vascular pedicle shows a three (3)-shaped image with greater dilation in the lower part, leading to the diagnosis of coarctation of the aorta (CoAo) in this region. There were signs of costal corrosion on the right ( <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f01001">Figure 1</xref> ).</p>
        <p>
          <fig id="f01001">
            <label>Figure 1</label>
            <caption>
              <title>
                <italic><bold>&#8211;</bold> PA Chest X-ray highlights normal cardiac area with a cardiothoracic index of 0.50 and normal pulmonary vascular network. Stent placement at the beginning of the descending aorta highlights post-stenotic dilation of the aorta.</italic>
              </title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-114-4suppl1-0038-90484-gf01-en.jpg"/></fig>
        </p>
        <p><bold>Echocardiography:</bold> It showed normal heart chambers without myocardial hypertrophy. Maximum gradient 14.7 and mean 6.8 mmHg in the aortic valve. The dimensions were: Ao = 27, LA = 28, LV = 47, septum = 9, LVEF = 68%, RVSP = 28 mmHg.</p>
        <p><bold>Angiotomography:</bold> Coarctation of the aorta after emergence of the left subclavian artery with pronounced and marked collateral circulation. Ascending aorta = 28 mm, descending aorta after CoAo = 21 mm and thoracoabdominal aorta = 14 mm.</p>
        <p><bold>Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM):</bold> Maximum blood pressure = 170/100 mmHg and most of the time = 130-140/60-70 mmHg.</p>
        <p><bold>Holter:</bold> Ventricular extrasystoles: 2,315 (3%) of 77,166 beats.</p>
        <p><bold>Clinical diagnosis:</bold> Accentuated coarctation of the aorta in the isthmus with exuberant collateral circulation and bivalvular aortic valve undergoing natural evolution in young individual with arterial hypertension.</p>
        <p><bold>Clinical reasoning:</bold> The diagnostic elements of coarctation of the aorta were evident, represented by the absence of arterial pulses in the lower limbs, arterial hypertension in the upper limbs, accompanied by systolic murmur in the suprasternal notch, and left ventricular overload on the electrocardiogram, in addition to the three (3)-shaped image on chest X-ray. Diagnostic confirmation was easily established by the echocardiogram and angiotomography images.</p>
        <p><bold>Differential diagnosis</bold>: Congenital coarctation of the aorta should be differentiated from acquired anomalies that also cause obstruction at several levels of the aorta, such as Takayasu disease.</p>
        <p><bold>Conduct:</bold> Of the two approaches for correction of aortic coarctation, the surgical<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> and the percutaneous,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> the latter was chosen. Previously, cardiac catheterization was performed, which disclosed pressure in the ascending aorta of 150/80 with a mean of 96 mmHg and in the descending aorta of 50/30 and mean of 40 mmHg. The angiography showed progressively greater narrowing from the left subclavian artery, of which diameter of 12 mm was the same as that of the aortic arch, up to about 40 mm below, when it then became punctiform with a maximum orifice of 2 mm and post-stenotic dilation with 18 mm in diameter. There was large collateral circulation.</p>
        <p>Considering this picture, a pre-dilation with Mustang balloon (Boston-5/20 mm) was performed of the isthmus region with coarctation. A new angiography showed increased diameter of the aorta with coarctation without signs of dissection or aneurysm. Using a 14 fr Mullins sheath, a covered 14/40 mm CP stent (BIB balloon) was positioned and implanted. New angiographies showed a clear improvement in aortic coarctation ( <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f02001">Figure 2</xref> ). Posterior pressures were equivalent in the ascending and descending aorta at 127/67 and mean of 87 mmHg.</p>
        <p>
          <fig id="f02001">
            <label>Figure 2</label>
            <caption>
              <title>
                <italic><bold>&#8211;</bold> Cardiac angiography shows the accentuated coarctation of the aorta, approximately 40 mm after the emergence of the left subclavian artery in the image on the left and the wide dilation of this region after stent placement in the image on the right.</italic>
              </title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-114-4suppl1-0038-90484-gf02-en.jpg"/></fig>
        </p>
        <p><bold>Comments:</bold> Coarctation of the aorta, even when accentuated, can have a long-term evolution without significant changes, as long as collateral circulation develops to minimize aortic obstruction. This thought is in opposition with the evolution observed in this case, which did not develop even myocardial hypertrophy or some degree of myocardial dysfunction. Another aspect that draws attention in this clinical case was the late diagnosis of the anomaly, when a high blood pressure in the upper limbs was incidentally observed. This fact shows that the previous clinical examination of this patient had certainly not been performed with the refinements of a more adequate semiology. The percutaneous procedure has become the most indicated in the coarctation of the aorta, especially in young individuals and adults, due to fewer complications and similar effectiveness to that of the surgical procedure.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> Angiographic images demonstrate this assertion.</p>
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