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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="editorial" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="sps-1.9" xml:lang="pt">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">Z7gmB8R7rGbhTxbQVgbKjgk</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2020000400655</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20200251</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20200251</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Minieditorial: A Hidroterapia Reduz a Rigidez Arterial em Gestantes Hipertensas Cr&#244;nicas</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8523-760X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Amodeo</surname>
            <given-names>Celso</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo (UNIFESP), S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"> Correspond&#234;ncia: Celso Amodeo &#8226; Rua Abilio Soares, 233 cjto 51. CEP 04005-000, Para&#237;so, SP - Brasil E-mail: <email>camodeo@terra.com.br</email>
				</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>29</day>
        <month>05</month>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>114</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <fpage>655</fpage>
      <lpage>655</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p> This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License, which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. </license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Gestantes/complica&#231;&#245;es</kwd>
        <kwd>Hipertens&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Pr&#233;-Eclampsia</kwd>
        <kwd>Velocidade de Onda de Pulso</kwd>
        <kwd>Rigidez Arterial</kwd>
        <kwd>Press&#227;o Arterial</kwd>
        <kwd>Hidroterapia/m&#233;todos</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="3"/>
        <page-count count="1"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>Com o envelhecimento, observa-se um aumento na press&#227;o de pulso principalmente &#224;s custas do aumento da press&#227;o arterial sist&#243;lica, mas tamb&#233;m em parte pela redu&#231;&#227;o da press&#227;o diast&#243;lica. Essa, quando abaixo de 50 mmHg, demonstra rela&#231;&#227;o com o aumento do risco cardiovascular.</p>
    <p>Com o desenvolvimento de aparelhos que inferem de forma indireta a press&#227;o central na raiz da aorta e oferecem a possibilidade de an&#225;lise da rigidez arterial (outro marcador de risco cardiovascular), muito trabalhos t&#234;m demonstrado maior precocidade de altera&#231;&#245;es na din&#226;mica vascular com as medidas centrais em compara&#231;&#227;o com medidas perif&#233;ricas da press&#227;o arterial.</p>
    <p>A velocidade de onda de pulso permite analisar a rigidez arterial e a obten&#231;&#227;o de um par&#226;metro chamado &#237;ndice de incrementa&#231;&#227;o (tradu&#231;&#227;o do ingl&#234;s augmentation index) corrigido pela frequ&#234;ncia card&#237;aca de 75 bpm (AIx@75) que tamb&#233;m se correlaciona com maior rigidez arterial e risco cardiovascular.</p>
    <p>O estudo de Linhares et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> trata da an&#225;lise das medidas de press&#227;o central em mulheres gr&#225;vidas com ou sem hipertens&#227;o arterial que s&#227;o submetidas a sess&#245;es de hidroterapia. Trata-se de um estudo interessante visto que ainda hoje se discute muito a fisiopatologia da pr&#233;-ecl&#226;mpsia e eclampsia. Alguns autores t&#234;m observado comportamentos diferentes desses par&#226;metros centrais entre as pacientes que apresentam uma gravidez normal e aquelas que desenvolvem eclampsia ou pr&#233;-ecl&#226;mpsia.</p>
    <p>Na discuss&#227;o deste artigo est&#225; citado o trabalho de Yinon et al.,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> que observaram um AIx@75 elevado seis a 24 meses ap&#243;s o parto em mulheres que tiveram pr&#233;-ecl&#226;mpsia ou conceptos de baixo peso. Tomimatsu et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> tamb&#233;m observaram que o AIx@75 durante 26 a 32 semanas de gesta&#231;&#227;o teve maior correla&#231;&#227;o com o peso ao nascimento do que a press&#227;o arterial medida no bra&#231;o, inferindo que o AIx@75 seria um par&#226;metro hemodin&#226;mico importante que se identifica em gr&#225;vidas que desenvolvem restri&#231;&#227;o do crescimento fetal.</p>
    <p>Partindo dessas informa&#231;&#245;es, os autores estudaram o efeito da hidroterapia em mulheres gr&#225;vidas sobre os par&#226;metros de medida central, press&#227;o arterial central sist&#243;lica e diast&#243;lica, AIx@75 e velocidade de onda de pulso. Com esses par&#226;metros foi poss&#237;vel observar o comportamento da rigidez arterial e sua resposta aos exerc&#237;cios de hidroterapia. Ficou demonstrado que agudamente a hidroterapia reduz o AIx@75 tanto em gr&#225;vidas hipertensas quanto em normotensas. Todavia, n&#227;o houve altera&#231;&#227;o da velocidade da onda de pulso e das press&#245;es arteriais medidas no bra&#231;o. H&#225; que se considerar a an&#225;lise de quanto tempo esse efeito de redu&#231;&#227;o do AIx@75 persiste e se realmente isso teria um impacto na preven&#231;&#227;o das complica&#231;&#245;es hipertensivas da gravidez, mas isso n&#227;o foi analisado nesse trabalho. Entretanto, n&#227;o deixa de abrir um campo para futuras investiga&#231;&#245;es de um potencial mecanismo fisiopatol&#243;gico da pr&#233;-ecl&#226;mpsia e da eclampsia. Al&#233;m disso, os resultados apontam para o potencial uso da hidroterapia como um instrumento de identifica&#231;&#227;o mais precoce de mulheres gr&#225;vidas em risco para o desenvolvimento de complica&#231;&#245;es produzidas pela hipertens&#227;o arterial.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <ref-list>
      <title>Refer&#234;ncias</title>
      <ref id="B1">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation>1. Linhares GM, Machado AV, Malachias MVB. A hiroterapia reduz a rigidez arterial em gestantes hipertensas cr&#244;nicas. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2020; 114(4):647-654</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Linhares</surname>
              <given-names>GM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Machado</surname>
              <given-names>AV</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Malachias</surname>
              <given-names>MVB</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>A hiroterapia reduz a rigidez arterial em gestantes hipertensas cr&#244;nicas</article-title>
          <source>Arq Bras Cardiol</source>
          <year>2020</year>
          <volume>114</volume>
          <issue>4</issue>
          <fpage>647</fpage>
          <lpage>654</lpage>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B2">
        <label>2</label>
        <mixed-citation>2. Yinon Y, Kingdom JC, Odutayo A, Moineddin R, Drewlo S, Lai V, et al. Vascular dysfunction in women with a history of preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction: insights into future vascular risk. Circulation. 2010;122(18):1846-53.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Yinon</surname>
              <given-names>Y</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kingdom</surname>
              <given-names>JC</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Odutayo</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Moineddin</surname>
              <given-names>R</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Drewlo</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Lai</surname>
              <given-names>V</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Vascular dysfunction in women with a history of preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction: insights into future vascular risk</article-title>
          <source>Circulation</source>
          <year>2010</year>
          <volume>122</volume>
          <issue>18</issue>
          <fpage>1846</fpage>
          <lpage>1853</lpage>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
      <ref id="B3">
        <label>3</label>
        <mixed-citation>3. Tomimatsu T, Fujime M, Kanayama T, Mimura K, Koyama S, Kanagawa T, et al. Abnormal pressure-wave reflection in pregnant women with chronic hypertension: association with maternal and fetal outcomes. Hypertens Res. 2014;37(11):989-92.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Tomimatsu</surname>
              <given-names>T</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Fujime</surname>
              <given-names>M</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kanayama</surname>
              <given-names>T</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Mimura</surname>
              <given-names>K</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Koyama</surname>
              <given-names>S</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Kanagawa</surname>
              <given-names>T</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal>et al</etal>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Abnormal pressure-wave reflection in pregnant women with chronic hypertension: association with maternal and fetal outcomes</article-title>
          <source>Hypertens Res</source>
          <year>2014</year>
          <volume>37</volume>
          <issue>11</issue>
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        </element-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Short Editorial: Hydrotherapy Reduces Arterial Stiffness in Pregnant Women with Chronic Hypertension</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8523-760X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Amodeo</surname>
            <given-names>Celso</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1001">
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo (UNIFESP), S&#227;o Paulo, SP &#8211; Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01001">Mailing Address: Celso Amodeo &#8226; Rua Abilio Soares, 233 cjto 51. Postal Code 04005-000, Para&#237;so, SP - Brazil E-mail: camodeo@terra.com.br</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Pregnant Women/complica&#231;&#245;es</kwd>
        <kwd>Hypertension</kwd>
        <kwd>Pre-Eclampsia</kwd>
        <kwd>Pulse Wave Analysis</kwd>
        <kwd>Blood Pressure</kwd>
        <kwd>Vascular Stiffness</kwd>
        <kwd>Hydrotherapy/methods</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Increased pulse pressure is associated with aging. This is mainly caused by increased systolic pressure, but also by decreased diastolic pressure. Diastolic blood pressure below 50 mmHg has been related to increased cardiovascular risk.</p>
      <p>With the development of devices that allow the indirect estimation of central pressure from the aortic root and analysis of arterial stiffness (another marker of cardiovascular risk), many studies have shown that changes in vascular dynamics are detected earlier using central measurements compared with peripheral blood pressure measurements.</p>
      <p>Assessment of pulse wave velocity allows the analysis of arterial stiffness and determination of the augmentation index, which corrected by the heart rate of 75 bpm (AIx@75), is associated with greater arterial stiffness and higher cardiovascular risk.</p>
      <p>The study by Linhares et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> reports the results of central pressure measurements in pregnant women with and without hypertension undergoing hydrotherapy. This is an interesting study considering that the pathophysiology of preeclampsia and eclampsia is still on debate. Some authors have reported different behaviors of these central blood pressure parameters in normal pregnancy and in women with eclampsia/preeclampsia.</p>
      <p>In the discussion section, the authors cited the study by Yinon et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref></sup> who observed an increased AIx@75 in women with previous early-onset preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction. Tomimatsu et al.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> also reported that an AIx@75 measured during 26&#8211;32 weeks of gestation showed a stronger correlation with birth weight than brachial blood pressure, indicating that the AIx@75 is a relevant hemodynamic parameter in pregnant women with intrauterine growth restriction.</p>
      <p>From this information, Linhares et al. investigated the effects of hydrotherapy on central blood pressure parameters, central systolic and diastolic blood pressure, AIx@75 and pulse wave velocity in pregnant women. The authors observed the behavior of arterial stiffness in response to hydrotherapy. The acute effect of the therapy was a reduction in AIx@75 in both hypertensive and normotensive pregnant women, but no changes were seen in pulse wave velocity or brachial blood pressure. The authors did not evaluate, however, the duration of AIx@75 reduction, and whether this effect would have an impact on preventing hypertensive complications in pregnancy. This opens the possibility for future studies on the pathophysiological mechanisms of preeclampsia and eclampsia. Also, the results indicate the use of hydrotherapy as an instrument for early detection of pregnant women at risk for development of hypertensive complications.</p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
