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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">9kVQrK5VcGsXzg3xLhyWTNL</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2020000400601</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="previous-pid">S0066-782X2020005006201</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">abc.20200235</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20200235</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Vida Fisicamente Ativa como Medida de Enfrentamento ao COVID-19</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ferreira</surname>
            <given-names>Maycon Junior</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Irigoyen</surname>
            <given-names>Maria Cl&#225;udia</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Consolim-Colombo</surname>
            <given-names>Fernanda</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-3345-8862</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Saraiva</surname>
            <given-names>Jos&#233; Francisco Kerr</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">
            <sup>4</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3640-9049</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Angelis</surname>
            <given-names>K&#225;tia De</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Laborat&#243;rio de Fisiologia do Exerc&#237;cio</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Departamento de Fisiologia</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Laborat&#243;rio de Fisiologia do Exerc&#237;cio - Departamento de Fisiologia - Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo (UNIFESP), S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o (InCor) - Faculdade de Medicina - Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo,S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff3">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Nove de Julho</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">S&#227;o Paulo</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff4">
        <label>4</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Pontif&#237;cia Universidade Cat&#243;lica de Campinas</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <named-content content-type="city">Campinas</named-content>
          <named-content content-type="state">SP</named-content>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brasil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Pontif&#237;cia Universidade Cat&#243;lica de Campinas (PUC-Campinas), Campinas, SP - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01"> Correspond&#234;ncia: K&#225;tia De Angelis &#8226; Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo (UNIFESP), Edif&#237;cio de Ci&#234;ncias Biom&#233;dicas, Departamento de Fisiologia (5&#186; andar) - Rua Botucatu, 862.CEP 04023901, Vila Clementino, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil E-mail: <email>prof.kangelis@yahoo.com.br</email>
				</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>9</day>
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>04</month>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>114</volume>
      <issue>4</issue>
      <fpage>601</fpage>
      <lpage>602</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>Este &#233; um artigo de acesso aberto distribu&#237;do sob os termos da licen&#231;a de atribui&#231;&#227;o pelo Creative Commons</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <kwd>Coronavirus-19</kwd>
        <kwd>COVID-19</kwd>
        <kwd>Exerc&#237;cio</kwd>
        <kwd>Atividade Motora</kwd>
        <kwd>Sedentarismo</kwd>
        <kwd>Fatores de Risco</kwd>
        <kwd>Preven&#231;&#227;o e Controle</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <counts>
        <fig-count count="0"/>
        <table-count count="0"/>
        <equation-count count="0"/>
        <ref-count count="14"/>
      </counts>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>A r&#225;pida e incontrol&#225;vel dissemina&#231;&#227;o do novo coronav&#237;rus (SARS-CoV-2) pelo mundo aliada &#224; sua gravidade fez com que, no dia 11 de mar&#231;o de 2020, o Diretor-Geral da Organiza&#231;&#227;o Mundial da Sa&#250;de (OMS) caracterizasse a situa&#231;&#227;o como pandemia.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></sup> Atualmente, nota-se um esfor&#231;o cada vez mais intenso por parte das organiza&#231;&#245;es de sa&#250;de e do poder p&#250;blico no sentido de conter o avan&#231;o e dissemina&#231;&#227;o do SARS-CoV-2. O SARS-CoV-2 emerge como um novo subtipo de s&#237;ndrome respirat&#243;ria aguda grave (SARS-CoV) humana caracterizado por alta capacidade de transmiss&#227;o e indu&#231;&#227;o de quadros de infec&#231;&#227;o respirat&#243;ria severa. Estudos recentes demonstraram alta preval&#234;ncia de hipertens&#227;o arterial e diabetes em pacientes idosos acometidos pela COVID-19 que vieram a &#243;bito em Wuhan, China,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> , <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref></sup> epicentro do surto de SARS-CoV-2, o que sugere que tais comorbidades s&#227;o importantes fatores de risco para o agravamento e pior progn&#243;stico das complica&#231;&#245;es associadas ao COVID-19.</p>
    <p>Diante das recomenda&#231;&#245;es de isolamento social atualmente impostas em v&#225;rios pa&#237;ses, incentivar a manuten&#231;&#227;o de uma rotina de vida fisicamente ativa por parte da popula&#231;&#227;o como uma medida preventiva para a sa&#250;de &#233; fundamental durante esse per&#237;odo de enfrentamento contra a dissemina&#231;&#227;o do v&#237;rus. Em um per&#237;odo de reclus&#227;o domiciliar a popula&#231;&#227;o tende a adotar uma rotina sedent&#225;ria, o que favoreceria a um aumento no ganho de peso corporal e surgimento de comorbidades associadas a maior risco cardiovascular, como obesidade, aumento da press&#227;o arterial, intoler&#226;ncia &#224; glicose, bem como transtornos psicossociais como ansiedade e depress&#227;o. De fato, o comportamento sedent&#225;rio, seja sentado, assistindo TV ou passando tempo em frente a dispositivos eletr&#244;nicos, foi associado a aumento do peso corporal em crian&#231;as,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref></sup> adolescentes,<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></sup> adultos e idosos<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref></sup> e aumento marcante do risco de mortalidade cardiovascular.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref></sup> Por outro lado, o risco de desenvolvimento de doen&#231;as cardiovasculares e mortalidade mostra-se reduzido em indiv&#237;duos com h&#225;bitos de vida fisicamente ativos, como caminhadas de moderada intensidade.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref></sup> Al&#233;m disto, tem sido demonstrado que o risco de infec&#231;&#227;o do trato respirat&#243;rio superior por coronav&#237;rus &#233; potencialmente maior na presen&#231;a de defici&#234;ncia do sistema imunol&#243;gico.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref></sup> Neste sentido, a pr&#225;tica de exerc&#237;cio f&#237;sico como medida ben&#233;fica para a melhora da imunidade &#233; fortemente evidenciada na literatura.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref> - <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref></sup> O Col&#233;gio Americano de Medicina do Esporte divulgou recentemente um guia em que sugere que a atividade f&#237;sica de intensidade moderada deva ser mantida no per&#237;odo de quarentena em fun&#231;&#227;o do SARS-CoV-2, salientando a import&#226;ncia para a sa&#250;de de cada minuto fisicamente ativo.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref></sup></p>
    <p>Vale lembrar que as recomenda&#231;&#245;es da OMS para indiv&#237;duos saud&#225;veis e assintom&#225;ticos s&#227;o de, no m&#237;nimo, 150 minutos de atividade f&#237;sica por semana para adultos e 300 minutos de atividade f&#237;sica por semana para crian&#231;as e adolescentes.<sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref></sup> Esse tempo de atividade f&#237;sica deve ser acumulado durante os dias da semana, podendo ser dividido de acordo com a rotina do sujeito, sendo composto preferencialmente por atividades f&#237;sicas de intensidade moderada e intensa. Ressaltamos a import&#226;ncia da orienta&#231;&#227;o de profissionais do exerc&#237;cio f&#237;sico para a adequa&#231;&#227;o da pr&#225;tica de atividade f&#237;sica por parte da popula&#231;&#227;o. &#201; fundamental que indiv&#237;duos que realizem exerc&#237;cios f&#237;sicos regularmente mantenham a pr&#225;tica, por&#233;m adequando-se &#224; condi&#231;&#227;o atual de restri&#231;&#245;es de circula&#231;&#227;o. Manter-se fisicamente ativo deve ser enfatizado ainda mais para indiv&#237;duos idosos, os quais comprovadamente apresentam mais comorbidades e maior risco cardiovascular, al&#233;m de serem mais vulner&#225;veis ao COVID-19. Popula&#231;&#245;es com comorbidades cardiovasculares devem realizar atividades f&#237;sicas diariamente, mantendo o tratamento farmacol&#243;gico e respeitando suas eventuais limita&#231;&#245;es f&#237;sicas e as recomenda&#231;&#245;es de profissionais de sa&#250;de. A pr&#225;tica de exerc&#237;cios f&#237;sicos deve ser interrompida na presen&#231;a de sintomas relacionados ao COVID-19 como febre, tosse seca e dispneia, quando em repouso.</p>
    <p>&#201; importante destacar que o ambiente domiciliar e familiar tamb&#233;m &#233; prop&#237;cio para realiza&#231;&#227;o de atividade f&#237;sica. Desta forma, independentemente da faixa et&#225;ria, devem ser recomendados &#224; popula&#231;&#227;o alguns comportamentos e atitudes que ajudar&#227;o na manuten&#231;&#227;o de uma vida fisicamente ativa, da sa&#250;de f&#237;sica e mental e ser&#227;o importantes para o enfrentamento deste momento de isolamento social, tais como:</p>
    <list list-type="bullet">
      <list-item>
        <p>realizar atividades f&#237;sicas que sejam prazerosas, explorando espa&#231;os domiciliares e utens&#237;lios dispon&#237;veis para se movimentar;</p>
      </list-item>
      <list-item>
        <p>realizar atividades de vida di&#225;ria como limpeza, manuten&#231;&#227;o e organiza&#231;&#227;o dos espa&#231;os dom&#233;sticos;</p>
      </list-item>
      <list-item>
        <p>brincar e se exercitar com as crian&#231;as, adolescentes e animais de estima&#231;&#227;o, resgatando brincadeiras e jogos que promovam gasto energ&#233;tico superior &#224; condi&#231;&#227;o de repouso;</p>
      </list-item>
      <list-item>
        <p>evitar o comportamento sedent&#225;rio, intercalando o tempo sentado ou deitado com per&#237;odos de atividade f&#237;sica, reduzindo o tempo de uso de dispositivos eletr&#244;nicos;</p>
      </list-item>
      <list-item>
        <p>reservar alguns minutos para atividades de alongamento, relaxamento e medita&#231;&#227;o.</p>
      </list-item>
    </list>
    <p>Desta forma, diante do avan&#231;o exponencial desta pandemia no Brasil, a recomenda&#231;&#227;o dos profissionais de sa&#250;de para que a popula&#231;&#227;o tenha uma vida fisicamente ativa deve ser encarada como uma importante abordagem para o combate ao COVID-19 e &#224;s eventuais consequ&#234;ncias do confinamento social juntamente &#224;s demais medidas que est&#227;o sendo adotadas pelos setores de sa&#250;de p&#250;blica mundial.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
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  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="TRen" xml:lang="en">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Physically Active Lifestyle as an Approach to Confronting COVID-19</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ferreira</surname>
            <given-names>Maycon Junior</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Irigoyen</surname>
            <given-names>Maria Cl&#225;udia</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Consolim-Colombo</surname>
            <given-names>Fernanda</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2001">
            <sup>2</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3001">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-3345-8862</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Saraiva</surname>
            <given-names>Jos&#233; Francisco Kerr</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4001">
            <sup>4</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3640-9049</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Angelis</surname>
            <given-names>K&#225;tia De</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1001">
            <sup>1</sup>
          </xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3001">
            <sup>3</sup>
          </xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1001">
        <label>1</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Laborat&#243;rio de Fisiologia do Exerc&#237;cio - Departamento de Fisiologia - Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo (UNIFESP), S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2001">
        <label>2</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o (InCor) - Faculdade de Medicina - Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff3001">
        <label>3</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff4001">
        <label>4</label>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Pontif&#237;cia Universidade Cat&#243;lica de Campinas (PUC-Campinas), Campinas, SP - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c01001">Mailing Address: K&#225;tia De Angelis &#8226; Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo (UNIFESP), Edif&#237;cio de Ci&#234;ncias Biom&#233;dicas, Departamento de Fisiologia (5&#186; andar) - Rua Botucatu, 862. Postal Code 04023901, Vila Clementino, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil E-mail: prof.kangelis@yahoo.com.br</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Coronavirus-19</kwd>
        <kwd>COVID-19</kwd>
        <kwd>Exercise</kwd>
        <kwd>Motor Activity</kwd>
        <kwd>Sedentarism</kwd>
        <kwd>Risk Factors</kwd>
        <kwd>Prevention and Control</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>The rapid, uncontrollable spread of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) throughout the world, in conjunction with its severity, led the Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO) to characterize the situation as a pandemic on March 11, 2020.<sup>1</sup>It is currently possible to observe increasingly intense efforts on the part of health organizations and public authorities with the aim of containing the progress and spread of SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2 has emerged as a new subtype of human severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV) characterized by high transmission capacity and induction of severe respiratory infection. Recent studies have demonstrated a high prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in elderly patients affected by COVID-19 who died in Wuhan, China,<sup>2,3</sup>which was the epicenter of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak; this suggests that these comorbidities are important risk factors for deterioration and worse prognosis of complications associated with COVID-19.</p>
      <p>Considering the recommendations for social isolation currently imposed in different countries, it is fundamental to encourage the population to maintain a physically active lifestyle routine as a preventative health measure during this period of confronting the spread of the virus. During periods of confinement at home, the population tends to adopt a sedentary routine, which favors increased body weight gain, as well as the emergence of comorbidities associated with greater cardiovascular risk, such as obesity, increased blood pressure, and glucose intolerance, in addition to psychosocial disorders such as anxiety and depression. Sedentary behavior, whether sitting, watching TV, or spending time in front of electronic devices, has in fact been associated with increased body weight in children, adolescents, adults and elderly<sup>6</sup>as well as with a marked increase in the risk of cardiovascular mortality.<sup>7</sup>It has, on the contrary, been shown that the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and mortality is reduced in individuals with physically active life habits, such as going on moderately intense walks.<sup>8</sup>It has furthermore been demonstrated that the risk of upper respiratory tract infection due to coronavirus is potentially greater in the presence of immune system deficiency.<sup>9</sup>In this sense, there is strong evidence in the literature that practicing physical exercise is a beneficial measure for improving immunity.<sup>10-12</sup>The American College of Sports Medicine has recently published a guide suggesting that moderately intense physical activity should be maintained during the period of quarantine due to SARS-CoV-2, emphasizing the importance of every minute of physical activity to health.<sup>13</sup></p>
      <p>It is worth remembering that, for healthy and asymptomatic individuals, the WHO recommends at least 150 minutes of physical activity per week for adults and 300 minutes per week for children and adolescents.<sup>14</sup>This time of physical activity should be accumulated during the days of the week; it may be divided according to individual routine, and it should preferably be composed of it may be divided according to individual routine, and it should preferably be composed of moderate- and vigorous-intensity activity.. We emphasize the importance of advice from physical exercise professionals in order to adequately adapt practice of physical activities for the population. It is fundamental that individuals who regularly perform physical exercise maintain their practice, adapting them, however, to the current conditions of restricted movement. The importance of staying physically active should be even further emphasized for elderly individuals, who have been proven to present more comorbidities and greater cardiovascular risk, in addition to being more vulnerable to COVID-19. Populations with cardiovascular comorbidities should perform physical activities on a daily basis, maintaining pharmacological treatment and respecting their eventual physical limitations and the recommendations of healthcare professionals. Practice of physical exercise should be interrupted when symptoms related to COVID-19, such as fever, dry cough, and dyspnea, are present at rest.</p>
      <p>It is important to emphasize that the home and family environment is also conducive to performing physical activity. In this manner, regardless of age range, the following behaviors and attitudes should be recommended, which will help the population stay physically active and maintain physical and mental health and which will be important for facing this moment of social isolation:</p>
      <list list-type="bullet">
        <list-item>
          <p>Perform physical activities that are pleasurable, exploring spaces around the house and using equipment to move about;</p>
        </list-item>
        <list-item>
          <p>Perform daily activities, such as cleaning, maintaining, and organizing spaces around the house;</p>
        </list-item>
        <list-item>
          <p>Play and exercise with children, adolescents, and pets, using games that promote energy expenditure higher than resting;</p>
        </list-item>
        <list-item>
          <p>Avoid sedentary behavior, alternating time spent sitting or lying down with periods of physical activity, reducing time spent using electronic devices;</p>
        </list-item>
        <list-item>
          <p>Set aside a few minutes for stretching, relaxation, and meditation activities.</p>
        </list-item>
      </list>
      <p>In this manner, faced with the exponential growth of this pandemic in Brazil, healthcare professionals recommendations that the population maintain a physically active lifestyle should be understood as an important approach to fighting COVID-19 and the eventual consequences of social confinement, in conjunction with other measures that are being adopting by global public health sectors.</p>
    </body>
  </sub-article>
</article>
