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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v3" pub-id-type="publisher-id">FWgW9J6Cdwfw3kQxStJhBJD</article-id>
      <article-id specific-use="scielo-v2" pub-id-type="publisher-id">S0066-782X2020000200304</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36660/abc.20200032</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Short Editorial - Effect of Passive Smoking on Blood Pressure Response to Epinephrine and Felypressin in 1K1C Hypertensive Rats Treated or not with Atenolol</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-9793-670X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Tucci</surname>
            <given-names>Paulo J. F.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <city>S&#227;o Paulo</city>
            <state>SP</state>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo (UNIFESP), S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Mailing Address: Paulo J. F. Tucci,</bold> Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo (UNIFESP), S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil. E-mail: <email>tucci@unifesp.br</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub">
        <day>20</day>
        <month>03</month>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="collection">
        <month>02</month>
        <year>2020</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>114</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>304</fpage>
      <lpage>304</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <kwd>Rats</kwd>
        <kwd>Tobacco Use Disorder</kwd>
        <kwd>Tobacco/adverse effects</kwd>
        <kwd>Anesthesia, Dental</kwd>
        <kwd>Epinephrine</kwd>
        <kwd>Felipressin</kwd>
        <kwd>Hypertension</kwd>
        <kwd>Atenolol</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>I begin this text highlighting the importance of multidisciplinarity in the development of knowledge.</p>
    <p>In 1842, Johann Christian Doppler, an Austrian physicist, defined that the frequency of the star&#8217;s light changed with its motion, as it moved closer or away. One and a half century later, such &#8220;useless curiosity&#8221; started to be applied for the diagnosis of congenital heart diseases. And for a long time, we do know when the train is coming or going.</p>
    <p>Needless to highlight the similarities among the areas of biological sciences, with emphasis on animal experiments. Affinities with Cardiology are described in this publication.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></p>
    <p>Felypressin is an analogue of vasopressin (also called antidiuretic hormone or ADH), a hormone produced in the neurohypophysis. In Dentistry, felypressin is of special interest because it acts as a vasoconstrictor that prolongs the anesthetic effect.</p>
    <p>In an artificially induced hypertensive model (and using a protocol illustrated in Figure 1 of the commented text), the effect of atenolol and felypressin on blood pressure was assessed in artificially hypertensive rats submitted to anesthesia, exposed to cigarette smoke. The results indicated that smoking can reduce epinephrine-induced vasodilation and increase the hypertensive response compared with felypressin.</p>
    <p>These data add to the literature on the cardiac effects of vasoconstrictors. A recent review,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> however, concluded that more studies are needed to increase the strength of the evidence.</p>
    <p>It is interesting to note the elevated blood pressure of the anesthetized rats. Systemic arterial hypertension is not a common response to ketamine and xylazine,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> suggesting that the dose of anesthetic was not sufficient to prevent the increase in sympathetic activity in the operated rats.</p>
    <p>A recent study with awake humans, published in Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> concluded that &#8220;felypressin increased the diastolic blood pressure of hypertensive patients with controlled blood pressure. Patients with high trait anxiety presented increases in systolic blood pressure upon some procedures&#8221;. It is worth pointing out that the arterial catheter was placed after occlusion of the left carotid artery, which may have activated baroreceptors located in the carotid sinus, resulting in arterial hypertension. Maybe femoral artery catheterization would have been better.</p>
    <p>Also, the time of cigarette smoke exposure was short (10 minutes/day), different from other studies in which the animals are exposed for longer periods.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></p>
    <p>The publication of this study in the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia is timely; many heart disease patients want to know about the risks involved in their dental treatment, and physicians should be prepared for it.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>Short Editorial related to the article: Passive Cigarette Smoking Impact on Blood Pressure Response to Epinephrine and Felypressin in 1K1C Hypertensive Rats Treated or not with Atenolol</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
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  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Minieditorial - Impacto do Tabagismo Passivo na Resposta Press&#243;rica &#224; Epinefrina e Felipressina em Ratos Hipertensos 1K1C Tratados ou n&#227;o com Atenolol</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-9793-670X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Tucci</surname>
            <given-names>Paulo J. F.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo (UNIFESP), S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Paulo J. F. Tucci,</bold> Universidade Federal de S&#227;o Paulo (UNIFESP), S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil. E-mail: <email>tucci@unifesp.br</email></corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Ratos</kwd>
        <kwd>Tabagismo</kwd>
        <kwd>Tabaco/efeitos adversos</kwd>
        <kwd>Anestesia Dent&#225;ria</kwd>
        <kwd>Epinefrina</kwd>
        <kwd>Felipressina</kwd>
        <kwd>Hipertens&#227;o</kwd>
        <kwd>Atenolol</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Inicio destacando a import&#226;ncia da multidisciplinaridade na evolu&#231;&#227;o do saber.</p>
      <p>Em 1842, estudando a frequ&#234;ncia das vibra&#231;&#245;es da luz de estrelas que se deslocavam, um f&#237;sico austr&#237;aco, de nome Johann Christian Doppler, definiu que a frequ&#234;ncia da luz das estrelas era modificada conforme ela se aproximasse ou se distanciasse. Um s&#233;culo e meio depois, essa &#8220;curiosidade f&#250;til&#8221; passou a ser aplicada para fazer diagn&#243;sticos de cardiopatias cong&#234;nitas. E, desde muito, sabemos entender se o trem est&#225; se aproximando ou se afastando.</p>
      <p>Desnecess&#225;rio destacar as similaridades entre os conhecimentos das ci&#234;ncias biom&#233;dicas, com realce para a experimenta&#231;&#227;o animal. As afinidades com a Cardiologia ficam caraterizadas nesta publica&#231;&#227;o.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref></p>
      <p>A felipressina &#233; uma an&#225;loga sint&#233;tica do horm&#244;nio vasopressina (horm&#244;nio antidiur&#233;tico ou ADH) produzido pela neurohip&#243;fise. &#201; de interesse especial na odontologia, por atuar como vasoconstritor que alonga o tempo do efeito de anest&#233;sicos locais.</p>
      <p>Em um modelo de hipertens&#227;o induzida artificialmente - e aplicando protocolo muito bem ilustrado na Figura 1 do texto sob coment&#225;rio - foi analisada a influ&#234;ncia de atenolol e de felipressina na press&#227;o arterial de ratos artificialmente hipertensos, anestesiados, submetidos &#224; exposi&#231;&#227;o &#224; fuma&#231;a de cigarros. Os resultados indicaram que o tabagismo pode reduzir a vasodilata&#231;&#227;o da epinefrina e aumentar a resposta hipertensiva quando comparada &#224; a&#231;&#227;o da felipressina. Esses dados se adicionam &#224; literatura sobre os efeitos card&#237;acos dos vasoconstritores. Uma recente revis&#227;o,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> contudo, concluiu que s&#227;o necess&#225;rios mais estudos para aumentar a for&#231;a das evid&#234;ncias.</p>
      <p>Chamam a aten&#231;&#227;o os n&#237;veis press&#243;ricos basais elevados dos ratos anestesiados. A hipertens&#227;o arterial n&#227;o &#233; a resposta habitual &#224; anestesia com a associa&#231;&#227;o cetamina e xilazina,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> o que sugere que a dose de anest&#233;sico n&#227;o foi suficiente para impedir atividade simp&#225;tica exacerbada nos animais submetidos &#224; cirurgia.</p>
      <p>Recente publica&#231;&#227;o dos Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> conduzida em humanos despertos concluiu que: &#8220;a felipressina aumentou a press&#227;o arterial diast&#243;lica de pacientes hipertensos com press&#227;o arterial controlada. Pacientes com tra&#231;os de ansiedade elevados apresentaram aumento na press&#227;o arterial sist&#243;lica em alguns procedimentos&#8221;. Considere-se, tamb&#233;m, que o cateter arterial foi introduzido ap&#243;s oclus&#227;o da art&#233;ria car&#243;tida esquerda, podendo ter ativado resposta dos barorreceptores do bulbo carot&#237;deo e consequente hipertens&#227;o arterial. Teria sido prefer&#237;vel cateterizar a art&#233;ria femoral.</p>
      <p>&#201; interessante o tempo breve (10 min/dia) a que os ratos foram submetidos &#224; inala&#231;&#227;o de fuma&#231;a de cigarro. Habitualmente, o tempo de exposi&#231;&#227;o &#224; fuma&#231;a &#233; mais longo.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref></p>
      <p>Oportuna a publica&#231;&#227;o deste trabalho nos Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia. Acena para os m&#233;dicos a necessidade de darem aten&#231;&#227;o para o cardiopata que se interessa em ser esclarecido sobre os riscos do tratamento odontol&#243;gico a que vai ser submetido.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: Impacto do Tabagismo Passivo na Resposta Press&#243;rica &#224; Epinefrina e Felipressina em Ratos Hipertensos 1K1C Tratados ou n&#227;o com Atenolol</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
