<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.1 20151215//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.1/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" article-type="case-report" dtd-version="1.1" specific-use="sps-1.9" xml:lang="en">
  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">QkYPJ9hzHPPRgJcJkTL59td</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2019001201151</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20190235</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Case Report</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Emergent Percutaneous Rotational Atherectomy to Bailout Surgical Transapical Aortic Valve Implantation: A Successful Case of Heart Team Turnaround</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-9775-1657</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Choudhury</surname>
            <given-names>Tawfiq</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8040-1557</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Bakar</surname>
            <given-names>Shahrukh N.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Kiaii</surname>
            <given-names>Bob</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Teefy</surname>
            <given-names>Patrick</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <label>1</label>
          <institution content-type="orgname">London Health Sciences Centre</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <city>London</city>
            <state>Ontario</state>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="CA">Canada</country>
          <institution content-type="original">London Health Sciences Centre - Interventional Cardiology, London, Ontario - Canada</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Mailing Address: Tawfiq Choudhury,</bold> London Health Sciences Centre - Interventional Cardiology - 339 Windermere Rd London London, Ont&#225;rio N6A 5W9 - Canada E-mail: <email>tawfiqc@hotmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con" id="fn1">
          <p><bold>Author contributions</bold> Conception and design of the research and Critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: Choudhury T, Bakar S, Kiaii B, Teefy P ; Acquisition of data, Analysis and interpretation of the data and Writing of the manuscript: Choudhury T, Bakar S.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict" id="fn2">
          <p><bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold> No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>2</day>
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2019</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>12</month>
        <year>2019</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>113</volume>
      <issue>6</issue>
      <fpage>1151</fpage>
      <lpage>1154</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>09</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>16</day>
          <month>11</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>19</day>
          <month>12</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <title>Abstract</title>
        <p>Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an established treatment for severe aortic stenosis (AS) in patients with elevated surgical risk. Concomitant coronary artery disease affects 55-70% of patients with severe AS. Percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with TAVI can be challenging. We report a case of acute coronary obstruction immediately following transapical TAVI deployment requiring emergent rotational atherectomy.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Aortic Valve Stenosis</kwd>
        <kwd>Atherectomy, Coronary</kwd>
        <kwd>Atherectomy</kwd>
        <kwd>Peripheral Arterial Disease</kwd>
        <kwd>Coronary Angiography</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec sec-type="intro">
      <title>Introduction</title>
      <p>Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an established treatment for severe aortic stenosis (AS) in patients with elevated surgical risk. Concomitant coronary artery disease affects 55-70% of patients with severe AS.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with TAVI can be challenging. Rotational atherectomy (RA) before or after TAVI has been described in an elective setting, but not as an emergent procedure.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> Coronary artery occlusion or obstruction is a rare but serious complication of TAVI. We report a case of acute coronary obstruction immediately following transapical TAVI deployment requiring emergent RA to restore adequate perfusion.</p>
      <sec>
        <title>Case Report</title>
        <p>An 86-year-old male, with prior coronary artery bypass grafting and severe peripheral arterial disease (PAD), presented with New York Heart Association class III exertional dyspnea. Echocardiography revealed severe calcific AS with normal left ventricular systolic function. Cardiac computed tomography (CT) showed adequate left (14 mm) and right (21 mm) coronary heights. Previous coronary angiography had demonstrated non-occlusive triple-vessel coronary artery disease with a functional left internal mammary artery graft to the left anterior descending artery and a dominant native left circumflex artery. A Symetis Acurate &#8216;Large&#8217; (Boston Scientific,</p>
        <p>Boston, MA, USA) TAVI prosthesis was deployed transapically in the hybrid operating theatre. Immediately thereafter, the patient became hypotensive and developed posterolateral ST-segment elevation. Emergent coronary angiography showed a critical, calcific filling defect at the junction of the distal end of the short left mainstem and proximal-mid circumflex arteries (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1</xref>, Panel A). Through the radial access, a 6-French Cordis XB 3.5 guide catheter (Cardinal Health, Vaughan, ON, Canada) was used to cannulate the left main coronary artery. Heparin was administered to maintain ACT &gt; 250 seconds and clopidogrel 600mg was administered. The lesion resisted extensive attempts at balloon delivery. A 0.009&#8221; RotaWire Floppy guidewire was inserted to facilitate the 1.5 mm Rotablator Rotational Atherectomy System (Boston Scientific Corporation, Boston, MA, USA) burr passage at 180,000 rpm. Three passes were undertaken into the mid-circumflex artery (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1</xref>, Panel B). A 2.5 x 20 mm non-compliant balloon was subsequently inserted unimpeded in the left main coronary artery (post-RA and balloon dilatation-figure 1, panel C) extending into the proximal circumflex segment over a Pilot 50 guidewire (Abbott Vascular, Abbott Park, IL, USA). A 3.25 x 38 mm Xience Xpedition (Abbott Vascular, Abbott Park, IL, USA) drug-eluting stent was successfully deployed extending from the ostium of the left main coronary artery into the proximal-mid circumflex lesions and post-dilated with a 3.5 x 20 mm non-compliant balloon at high pressures with a good angiographic result (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1</xref>, Panel D) and resolution of electrocardiographic changes along with marked hemodynamic improvement. The patient subsequently recovered uneventfully in the intensive care unit and was extubated the following day and transferred to the ward uneventfully. Peak creatine kinase and high-sensitivity troponin T levels were 961 U/l and 1921 ng/l respectively.</p>
        <p>
          <fig id="f1">
            <label>Figure 1</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Percutaneous coronary intervention to circumflex artery lesion. A) Emergent coronary angiogram showing the new ostial left circumflex filling defect and prior mid&#8209;circumflex lesion. Inset view shows ostial left circumflex lesion at greater magnification. B) Rotablator 1.5 mm burr entering culprit ostial left circumflex artery lesion. C) Ostial left circumflex lesion after rotational atherectomy shows angiographic improvement. D) Final angiographic result after stent insertion and high-pressure post-dilatation.</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-113-06-1151-90235-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
        </p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="conclusions">
      <title>Comments</title>
      <p>PCI post-TAVI can be challenging. The case report describes emergency RA immediately after deployment of a transapical TAVI prosthesis and highlights the feasibility and challenges of complex, high-risk PCI in such patients.</p>
      <p>Choice of vascular access for PCI can be limited to only transradial in patients with severe PAD. Anatomical variants and tortuosity can impede guide manipulation. The valve prosthesis can obstruct coronary ostia or alter annular geometry and a trial with multiple guides might be necessary for selective engagement. Valves jailing the coronary ostia can make selective intubation more difficult.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> The Symetis Acurate TA TAVI prosthesis pulls the native valve leaflets away from the coronary ostia making coronary obstruction unlikely.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> However, coronary flow can be compromised by displacement of annular calcium into the ostium, as in our case (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figures 2</xref>-<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f4">4</xref>). Modification of coronary lesions may require RA to debulk calcific deposits permitting passage of stents and adequate expansion. The rate of major RA-related complications (in-hospital death, cardiac tamponade, and emergent surgery) was 1.3% according to a Japanese registry, increased with age and was approximately 4 times higher if RA was performed in an emergency setting of coronary artery disease per se.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref> Previous use of RA in TAVI patients have been in an elective setting unlike our report. RA in a TAVI setting poses additional challenges, particularly with suboptimal guide engagement.</p>
      <p>
        <fig id="f2">
          <label>Figure 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Baseline Coronary Angiogram. Baseline, pre-TAVI coronary angiogram showing calcified left coronary system, including calcified left main, ostial left circumflex and left anterior descending arteries.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-113-06-1151-90235-gf02.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
      <p>
        <fig id="f3">
          <label>Figure 3</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Cardiac CT. Pre-TAVI cardiac CT showing heavy calcification (arrow) extending into the left main ostium, left anterior descending artery and left circumflex artery as well as annular calcium.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-113-06-1151-90235-gf03.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
      <p>
        <fig id="f4">
          <label>Figure 4</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Annular calcium. Pre-TAVI cardiac CT demonstrating heavy aortic valve annular calcification.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-113-06-1151-90235-gf04.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="conclusions">
      <title>Conclusion</title>
      <p>This case highlights the complexity of coronary obstruction following TAVI and the need for availability of alternate arterial access (i.e. radial) and various modalities of revascularization (i.e. RA). Importantly, it highlights the necessity of a heart team approach with the seamless and unencumbered transition from a surgical domain (transapical TAVI) to the interventional realm (PCI with RA). Pre-procedural CT guided planning in terms of prosthesis selection, implantation technique, and bailout strategy in case of coronary compromise is also of critical importance.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="supported-by">
        <p>
          <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
        </p>
        <p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <bold>Study Association</bold>
        </p>
        <p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <bold>Ethics approval and consent to participate</bold>
        </p>
        <p>This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
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  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Relato de Caso</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Aterectomia Rotacional Percut&#226;nea Emergencial para Dar Suporte ao Implante Cir&#250;rgico Transapical da V&#225;lvula A&#243;rtica: Um Caso Bem Sucedido de Reviravolta da Equipe Card&#237;aca</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-9775-1657</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Choudhury</surname>
            <given-names>Tawfiq</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8040-1557</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Bakar</surname>
            <given-names>Shahrukh N.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Kiaii</surname>
            <given-names>Bob</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Teefy</surname>
            <given-names>Patrick</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <institution content-type="original">1London Health Sciences Centre - Interventional Cardiology, London, Ontario - Canad&#225;</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Tawfiq Choudhury,</bold> London Health Sciences Centre - Interventional Cardiology - 339 Windermere Rd London London, Ont&#225;rio N6A 5W9 - Canad&#225; E-mail: <email>tawfiqc@hotmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con" id="fn6">
          <p><bold>Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos autores</bold> Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa e Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante: Choudhury T, Bakar S, Kiaii B, Teefy P ; Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados, An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados e Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito: Choudhury T, Bakar S.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict" id="fn7">
          <p><bold>Potencial conflito de interesses</bold> Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <abstract>
        <title>Resumo</title>
        <p>O implante valvar a&#243;rtico transcateter (TAVI) &#233; um tratamento estabelecido para estenose a&#243;rtica grave (EA) em pacientes com risco cir&#250;rgico elevado. Doen&#231;a arterial coronariana concomitante afeta 55-70% dos pacientes com EA grave. A interven&#231;&#227;o coron&#225;ria percut&#226;nea em pacientes com TAVI pode ser um desafio. Relatamos um caso de obstru&#231;&#227;o coronariana aguda imediatamente ap&#243;s o implante de TAVI transapical, exigindo aterectomia rotacional emergencial.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Estenose A&#243;rtica</kwd>
        <kwd>Aterectomia Coron&#225;ria</kwd>
        <kwd>Aterectomia</kwd>
        <kwd>Doen&#231;a Arterial Perif&#233;rica</kwd>
        <kwd>Angiografia Coron&#225;ria</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec sec-type="intro">
        <title>Introdu&#231;&#227;o</title>
        <p>O implante valvar a&#243;rtico transcateter (TAVI) &#233; um tratamento estabelecido para estenose a&#243;rtica grave (EA) em pacientes com risco cir&#250;rgico elevado. Doen&#231;a arterial coronariana concomitante afeta 55-70% dos pacientes com EA grave.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> A interven&#231;&#227;o coron&#225;ria percut&#226;nea em pacientes com TAVI pode ser um desafio. Aterectomia rotacional (AR) antes ou depois do TAVI tem sido descrita em um ambiente eletivo, mas n&#227;o como um procedimento emergencial.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> A oclus&#227;o ou obstru&#231;&#227;o da art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria &#233; uma complica&#231;&#227;o rara, mas grave, do TAVI. Relatamos um caso de obstru&#231;&#227;o coron&#225;ria aguda imediatamente ap&#243;s o implante de TAVI transapical, exigindo AR emergente para restaurar a perfus&#227;o adequada.</p>
        <sec>
          <title>Relato de caso</title>
          <p>Um homem de 86 anos de idade, com cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica pr&#233;via e doen&#231;a arterial perif&#233;rica grave (DAP ), apresentou dispneia de esfor&#231;o classe III da New York Heart Association. O ecocardiograma revelou EA aguda calcificada com fun&#231;&#227;o sist&#243;lica ventricular esquerda normal. A tomografia computadorizada (TC) card&#237;aca mostrou altura coron&#225;ria adequada esquerda (14 mm) e direita (21 mm).</p>
          <p>A angiografia coronariana pr&#233;via havia demonstrado doen&#231;a coronariana triarterial n&#227;o oclusiva, com enxerto funcional de art&#233;ria mam&#225;ria interna esquerda para a art&#233;ria descendente anterior esquerda e uma art&#233;ria circunflexa esquerda dominante. Uma pr&#243;tese TAVI Symetis Acurate 'Large' (Boston Scientific, Boston, MA, EUA) foi implantada transapicamente na sala de opera&#231;&#245;es h&#237;brida. Imediatamente depois, o paciente tornou-se hipotenso e desenvolveu supradesnivelamento do segmento ST p&#243;stero-lateral. A angiografia coronariana emergencial mostrou um defeito cr&#237;tico de preenchimento calcificado na jun&#231;&#227;o da extremidade distal das art&#233;rias centrais esquerda curta e circunflexa proximal-m&#233;dia (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f5">Figura 1</xref>, Painel A). Atrav&#233;s do acesso radial, um cateter guia 6 Cordis XB 3.5 franc&#234;s (Cardinal Health, Vaughan, ON, Canad&#225;) foi usado para canular o tronco da coron&#225;ria esquerda. A heparina foi administrada para manter o TCA &gt; 250 segundos e o clopidogrel 600 mg foi administrado. A les&#227;o resistiu a tentativas extensas de introdu&#231;&#227;o de bal&#227;o. Um fio-guia de 0,009 "RotaWire Floppy foi inserido para facilitar a passagem da broca do Sistema de Aterectomia Rotacional Rotablator de 1,5 mm (Boston Scientific Corporation, Boston, MA, EUA) a 180.000 rpm. Tr&#234;s passagens foram realizadas na art&#233;ria circunflexa m&#233;dia (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f5">Figura 1</xref>, Painel B). Um bal&#227;o n&#227;o complacente de 2,5 x 20 mm foi subsequentemente inserido sem impedimento na art&#233;ria coron&#225;ria principal esquerda (p&#243;s-AR e bal&#227;o-dilata&#231;&#227;o-figura 1, painel C) estendendo-se para o segmento circunflexo proximal sobre um guia Pilot 50 (Abbott Vascular, Abbott Park, IL, EUA). Um stent farmacol&#243;gico de 3.25x38 mm Xience Xpedition (Abbott Vascular, Abbott Park, IL, EUA) foi implantado com sucesso, estendendo-se do &#243;stio do tronco da coron&#225;ria esquerda para as les&#245;es circunflexas proximal-m&#233;dia e p&#243;s-dilatada com bal&#227;o n&#227;o complacente de 3,5x20 mm a altas press&#245;es com bom resultado angiogr&#225;fico (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f5">Figura 1</xref>, Painel D) e resolu&#231;&#227;o de altera&#231;&#245;es eletrocardiogr&#225;ficas, al&#233;m de melhora hemodin&#226;mica acentuada. O paciente subsequentemente se recuperou sem intercorr&#234;ncias na unidade de terapia intensiva e foi extubado no dia seguinte e transferido para a enfermaria sem intercorr&#234;ncias. O pico de creatina quinase e os n&#237;veis de troponina T de alta sensibilidade foram 961 U/l e 1921 ng/l, respectivamente.</p>
          <p>
            <fig id="f5">
              <label>Figura 1</label>
              <caption>
                <title>Interven&#231;&#227;o coron&#225;ria percut&#226;nea para les&#227;o da art&#233;ria circunflexa. A) Angiograma coron&#225;rio emergencial mostrando o novo defeito de preenchimento circunflexo ostial esquerdo e les&#227;o pr&#233;via circunflexa anterior. Vista de baixo mostra les&#227;o circunflexa ostial esquerda com maior amplia&#231;&#227;o. B) Broca Rotablator de 1,5 mm sendo introduzida na les&#227;o da art&#233;ria circunflexa ostial culpada. C) A les&#227;o circunflexa ostial esquerda ap&#243;s aterectomia rotacional mostra melhora angiogr&#225;fica. D) Resultado angiogr&#225;fico final ap&#243;s inser&#231;&#227;o do stent e p&#243;s-dilata&#231;&#227;o em alta press&#227;o</title>
              </caption>
              <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-113-06-1151-90235-gf01-pt.jpg"/></fig>
          </p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="conclusions">
        <title>Coment&#225;rios</title>
        <p>ICP p&#243;s-TAVI pode ser um desafio. O relato de caso descreve a AR de emerg&#234;ncia imediatamente ap&#243;s a implanta&#231;&#227;o de uma pr&#243;tese TAVI transapical e destaca a viabilidade e os desafios da ICP complexa e de alto risco nesses pacientes.</p>
        <p>A escolha do acesso vascular para ICP pode ser limitada a apenas radial em pacientes com DAP grave. Variantes anat&#244;micas e tortuosidade podem impedir a manipula&#231;&#227;o do guia. A pr&#243;tese valvular pode obstruir os &#243;stios coronarianos ou alterar a geometria anular, e um teste com m&#250;ltiplos guias pode ser necess&#225;rio para o engate seletivo. V&#225;lvulas enclausurando os &#243;stios coron&#225;rios podem dificultar a intuba&#231;&#227;o seletiva.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> A pr&#243;tese Symetis Acurate TA TAVI afasta os folhetos valvares nativos dos &#243;stios coron&#225;rios, tornando improv&#225;vel a obstru&#231;&#227;o coron&#225;ria.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> No entanto, o fluxo coronariano pode ser comprometido pelo deslocamento do c&#225;lcio anular para o &#243;stio, como no nosso caso (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f6">Figuras 2</xref>-<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f8">4</xref>). A modifica&#231;&#227;o de les&#245;es coronarianas pode exigir que a AR elimine os dep&#243;sitos calcificados, permitindo a passagem de stents e expans&#227;o adequada. A taxa de complica&#231;&#245;es graves relacionadas &#224; AR (morte hospitalar, tamponamento card&#237;aco e cirurgia emergente) foi de 1,3% de acordo com um registro japon&#234;s, aumentou com a idade e foi aproximadamente 4 vezes maior se a AR fosse realizada em um ambiente emergencial de doen&#231;a arterial coronariana propriamente dito.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref> O uso pr&#233;vio de AR em pacientes com TAVI ocorreu em um ambiente eletivo, diferentemente do nosso relat&#243;rio. A AR em um cen&#225;rio TAVI apresenta desafios adicionais, particularmente com o envolvimento de guias abaixo do ideal.</p>
        <p>
          <fig id="f6">
            <label>Figura 2</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Angiograma coronariano basal. Linha de base, angiograma coron&#225;rio pr&#233;-TAVI mostrando sistema coronariano esquerdo calcificado, incluindo principal esquerdo calcificado, circunflexo ostial esquerdo e art&#233;rias descendentes anteriores esquerdas.</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-113-06-1151-90235-gf02-pt.jpg"/></fig>
        </p>
        <p>
          <fig id="f7">
            <label>Figura 3</label>
            <caption>
              <title>TC card&#237;aca. TC card&#237;aca pr&#233;-TAVI mostrando forte calcifica&#231;&#227;o (seta) que se estende para o &#243;stio principal esquerdo, art&#233;ria descendente anterior esquerda e art&#233;ria circunflexa esquerda, al&#233;m de calcifica&#231;&#227;o anular</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-113-06-1151-90235-gf03-pt.jpg"/></fig>
        </p>
        <p>
          <fig id="f8">
            <label>Figura 4</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Calcifica&#231;&#227;o anular. TC card&#237;aca pr&#233;-TAVI demonstrando calcifica&#231;&#227;o anular pesada de v&#225;lvula a&#243;rtica.</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-113-06-1151-90235-gf04-pt.jpg"/></fig>
        </p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="conclusions">
        <title>Conclus&#227;o</title>
        <p>Este caso destaca a complexidade da obstru&#231;&#227;o coronariana ap&#243;s o TAVI e a necessidade de disponibilidade de acesso arterial alternativo (ou seja, radial) e v&#225;rias modalidades de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o (ou seja, AR). &#201; importante ressaltar que destaca a necessidade de uma abordagem da equipe card&#237;aca com a transi&#231;&#227;o cont&#237;nua e sem &#244;nus de um dom&#237;nio cir&#250;rgico (TAVI transapical) para o dom&#237;nio da interven&#231;&#227;o (ICP com AR). O planejamento pr&#233;-processual guiado por TC em termos de sele&#231;&#227;o de pr&#243;tese, t&#233;cnica de implante e estrat&#233;gia de resgate em caso de comprometimento coronariano tamb&#233;m &#233; de import&#226;ncia cr&#237;tica.</p>
      </sec>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="supported-by">
          <p>
            <bold>Fontes de financiamento</bold>
          </p>
          <p>O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica</bold>
          </p>
          <p>N&#227;o h&#225; vincula&#231;&#227;o deste estudo a programas de p&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <bold>Aprova&#231;&#227;o &#233;tica e consentimento informado</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Este artigo n&#227;o cont&#233;m estudos com humanos ou animais realizados por nenhum dos autores.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
