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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">8QQV9TqbdFRfz46nP6sctVD</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2019000700040</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20190131</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Short Editorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Biomarkers in Acute Myocardial Infarction Diagnosis and Prognosis</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-9477-3386</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Martinez</surname>
            <given-names>Paula F.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8895-9456</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira-Junior</surname>
            <given-names>Silvio A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-2875-9532</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Polegato</surname>
            <given-names>Bertha F.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8980-8839</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Okoshi</surname>
            <given-names>Katashi</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7728-4505</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Okoshi</surname>
            <given-names>Marina P.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Instituto Integrado de Sa&#250;de</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Campo Grande</city>
          <state>MS</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto Integrado de Sa&#250;de, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Estadual Paulista</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Departamento de Medicina Interna</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Botucatu</city>
          <state>SP</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - Departamento de Medicina Interna - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Mailing Address: Marina P. Okoshi &#8226;</bold> Departamento de Clinica Medica, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP. Rubi&#227;o Junior, S/N. Postal Code 18.618-687 Botucatu, SP - Brazil E-mail: <email>marina.okoshi@unesp.br</email>
				</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
        <day>08</day>
        <month>08</month>
        <year>2019</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date date-type="collection" publication-format="electronic">
        <month>07</month>
        <year>2019</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>113</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>40</fpage>
      <lpage>41</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords:</title>
        <kwd>Cardiovascular Diseases</kwd>
        <kwd>Diagnosis</kwd>
        <kwd>Prognosis</kwd>
        <kwd>Mortality</kwd>
        <kwd>Biomarkers</kwd>
        <kwd>Sirtuins</kwd>
        <kwd>Myocardial Infarction</kwd>
        <kwd>Molecular Biology</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <funding-group>
        <award-group>
          <funding-source>CNPq</funding-source>
          <award-id>310876/2018-4</award-id>
          <award-id>153424/2018-4</award-id>
        </award-group>
      </funding-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>Biomarkers have become a helpful tool for clinicians to establish acute and chronic diseases diagnosis and prognosis more accurately. The rapid expansion of researches in this field has been stimulated by molecular biology and omics techniques development.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>
		</p>
    <p>In cardiovascular disease, the release of the intracellular components into the bloodstream in higher concentrations than usual are related to pathological conditions, such as necrosis, inflammation, hemodynamic stress, and thrombosis, and considered potential biomarkers.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> Although a large number of cardiac biomarkers has been described, only a few of them were incorporated in clinical practice. Their usefulness depends on their specificity and sensitivity for detecting myocardial injury, reproducibility, accuracy, and the discriminatory limits to distinguish between pathologic from physiologic levels.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>
		</p>
    <p>Cardiac troponin (cTn) is a biomarker that has been established for diagnosis and that also provides robust prognostic information in acute myocardial infarction (AMI).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> It is still the most recommended biomarker for detecting myocardial injury, especially due to its sensibility and specificity, even though it does not indicate the underlying etiology and pathophysiological mechanism.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> On the Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction, myocardial infarction is defined when acute injury with abnormal cardiac biomarkers is detected (a rising and/or falling pattern of cTn values with at least one value above the 99<sup>th</sup> percentile upper reference limit) in association with evidence of acute myocardial ischaemia.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>
		</p>
    <p>Several other biomarkers representing different pathophysiological axes have been considered as a potential tool for diagnosis and risk stratification in AMI patients. These emerging biomarkers, including suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2), galectin-3, copeptin, myeloperoxidase (MPO), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP), pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), growth-differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), and others, have been studied individually or using a multimarker strategy.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref> However, further studies are still required to determine their usefulness for AMI diagnosis and prognosis.</p>
    <p>More recently, sirtuins have attracted great interest for their protective roles against inflammation, cancer, cardiovascular disease, vascular aging, and glucose homeostasis changes. Sirtuins were first discovered in the 1970s; their main action is the removal of acetylated groups from histone and non-histone proteins in the presence of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD<sup>+</sup>).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref> Members of the sirtuin family are widely distributed throughout nature; this family has seven isoforms in the human body (Sirtuin1-7).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref> Among sirtuins, the isoforms 1, 3, and 6 are the best characterized; they exert important effects in the cardiovascular system against atherosclerosis, myocyte hypertrophy, ischemia/reperfusion injury, oxidative stress, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref> Therefore, several studies have focused on the modulation of sirtuins with pharmacological and natural dietary compounds.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref>
		</p>
    <p>In this issue of the Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, K&#305;z&#305;ltun&#231; et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref> published an interesting study in which they hypothesized serum sirtuin 1, 3 and 6 levels as possible biomarkers of myocardial infarct size and prognosis in AMI patients. Temporal levels of serum sirtuin 1, 3 and 6 and their association with AMI prognostic markers were examined. Patients with AMI (n = 40) and patients with normal coronary arteries (n = 40) were included and evaluated regarding left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), serum proBNP, CRP, and serum levels of sirtuin1, sirtuin 3, and sirtuin 6. Peak troponin T, GRACE score, and first day/second-day sirtuin levels were recorded for AMI patients. The authors found that sirtuin 1, 3 and 6 levels in AMI were similar to those in normal coronary patients, and no temporal change in sirtuins levels was observed during infarction course. Furthermore, there was no significant correlation between sirtuins levels and traditional markers of infarct size such as proBNP, peak troponin T, or LVEF. However, baseline sirtuin 1 and 6 levels were positively correlated with reperfusion duration, and baseline sirtuin 3 was negatively correlated with GRACE score. As pointed out by the authors, the negative correlation between sirtuin 3 and GRACE score suggests a possible role of sirtuin 3 for risk assessment in AMI patients.</p>
    <p>In this study, it should be pointed out that 95% of AMI patients were classified as Killip I functional class. Therefore, although the authors have observed similar sirtuins levels in AMI and normal coronary patients, further investigation is needed to clarify whether serum sirtuin levels modify in AMI patients with worse cardiac function.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>
		</p>
    <p>In the literature, experimental artery occlusion-mediated infarction was combined with decreased sirtuin 3 expression in rats.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref> Furthermore, sirtuin 3 knockout induced coronary microvascular dysfunction and cardiac remodeling impairment, while sirtuin 3 upregulation improved cardiac function in post-infarction mice.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> On the other hand, sirtuin 3 deficiency did not change infarction size or cardiac function.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref> Therefore, additional studies are needed to clarify the role of sirtuins in the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <italic>Short Editorial related to the article: Serum Sirtuin 1, 3 and 6 Levels in Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients</italic>
        </p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
    <ack>
      <title>Acknowledgment</title>
      <p>Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient&#237;fico e Tecnol&#243;gico (CNPq), process number 310876/2018-4 and 153424/2018-4).</p>
    </ack>
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  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Minieditorial</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Biomarcadores no Diagn&#243;stico e Progn&#243;stico do Infarto Agudo do Mioc&#225;rdio</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-9477-3386</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Martinez</surname>
            <given-names>Paula F.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8895-9456</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira-Junior</surname>
            <given-names>Silvio A.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-2875-9532</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Polegato</surname>
            <given-names>Bertha F.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-8980-8839</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Okoshi</surname>
            <given-names>Katashi</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7728-4505</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Okoshi</surname>
            <given-names>Marina P.</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">2</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff3">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto Integrado de Sa&#250;de, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff4">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - Departamento de Medicina Interna - Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Marina P. Okoshi &#8226;</bold> Departamento de Clinica Medica, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP. Rubi&#227;o Junior, S/N. CEP 18618-687 Botucatu, SP - Brasil E-mail: <email>marina.okoshi@unesp.br</email>
				</corresp>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave:</title>
        <kwd>Doen&#231;as Cardiovasculares</kwd>
        <kwd>Diagn&#243;stico</kwd>
        <kwd>Progn&#243;stico</kwd>
        <kwd>Mortalidade</kwd>
        <kwd>Biomarcadores</kwd>
        <kwd>Sirtu&#237;nas</kwd>
        <kwd>Infarto do Mioc&#225;rdio</kwd>
        <kwd>Biologia Molecular</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
      <funding-group>
        <award-group>
          <funding-source>CNPq</funding-source>
          <award-id>310876/2018-4</award-id>
          <award-id>153424/2018-4</award-id>
        </award-group>
      </funding-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Os biomarcadores se tornaram uma ferramenta &#250;til para os m&#233;dicos estabelecerem o diagn&#243;stico e o progn&#243;stico das doen&#231;as agudas e cr&#244;nicas com maior precis&#227;o. A r&#225;pida expans&#227;o das pesquisas nesse campo tem sido estimulada pelo desenvolvimento de t&#233;cnicas de biologia molecular e &#244;micas.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Na doen&#231;a cardiovascular, a libera&#231;&#227;o de componentes intracelulares na corrente sangu&#237;nea em concentra&#231;&#245;es mais elevadas que as usuais est&#225; relacionada a condi&#231;&#245;es patol&#243;gicas, como necrose, inflama&#231;&#227;o, estresse hemodin&#226;mico e trombose, que s&#227;o considerados potenciais biomarcadores.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> Embora um grande n&#250;mero de biomarcadores card&#237;acos tenha sido descrito, apenas alguns deles foram incorporados na pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica. Sua utilidade depende de sua especificidade e sensibilidade para detectar les&#245;es mioc&#225;rdicas, reprodutibilidade, precis&#227;o e limites discriminat&#243;rios para distinguir entre n&#237;veis patol&#243;gicos e fisiol&#243;gicos.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref>
			</p>
      <p>A troponina card&#237;aca (cTn) &#233; um biomarcador que foi estabelecido para o diagn&#243;stico e que tamb&#233;m fornece informa&#231;&#245;es progn&#243;sticas robustas no infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio (IAM).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> Ela ainda &#233; o biomarcador mais recomendado para detectar les&#245;es mioc&#225;rdicas, especialmente devido &#224; sua sensibilidade e especificidade, ainda que n&#227;o indique a etiologia subjacente e o mecanismo fisiopatol&#243;gico.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> Na Quarta Defini&#231;&#227;o Universal de Infarto do Mioc&#225;rdio, este &#233; definido quando uma les&#227;o aguda com biomarcadores card&#237;acos anormais &#233; detectada (um padr&#227;o crescente e/ou decrescente de valores de cTn com pelo menos um valor acima do limite de refer&#234;ncia superior do percentil 99) associado com evid&#234;ncia de isquemia mioc&#225;rdica aguda.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>
			</p>
      <p>V&#225;rios outros biomarcadores representando diferentes eixos fisiopatol&#243;gicos t&#234;m sido considerados uma ferramenta potencial para o diagn&#243;stico e estratifica&#231;&#227;o de risco em pacientes com IAM. Esses biomarcadores emergentes, incluindo a supress&#227;o de tumorigenicidade 2 (ST2), galectina-3, copeptina, mieloperoxidase (MPO), prote&#237;na C-reativa de alta sensibilidade (PCR-hs), prote&#237;na A plasm&#225;tica associada &#224; gesta&#231;&#227;o (PAPP-A), fator de diferencia&#231;&#227;o de crescimento -15 (GDF-15), e outros, foram estudados individualmente ou usando uma estrat&#233;gia multimarcador.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref> No entanto, mais estudos ainda s&#227;o necess&#225;rios para determinar sua utilidade para o diagn&#243;stico e progn&#243;stico do IAM.</p>
      <p>Mais recentemente, as sirtu&#237;nas t&#234;m atra&#237;do grande interesse por seus pap&#233;is protetores contra a inflama&#231;&#227;o, c&#226;ncer, doen&#231;as cardiovasculares, envelhecimento vascular e altera&#231;&#245;es da homeostase da glicose. As sirtu&#237;nas foram descobertas pela primeira vez na d&#233;cada de 70; sua principal a&#231;&#227;o &#233; a remo&#231;&#227;o de grupos acetilados das prote&#237;nas histonas e n&#227;o histonas na presen&#231;a de Dinucle&#243;tido de Nicotinamida e Adenina (NAD+).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref> Os membros da fam&#237;lia das sirtu&#237;nas est&#227;o amplamente distribu&#237;dos pela natureza; essa fam&#237;lia possui sete isoformas no corpo humano (Sirtuin1-7).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref> Entre as sirtu&#237;nas, as isoformas 1, 3 e 6 s&#227;o as mais bem caracterizadas; eles exercem efeitos importantes no sistema cardiovascular contra a aterosclerose, hipertrofia de mi&#243;citos, les&#227;o de isquemia-reperfus&#227;o, estresse oxidativo, inflama&#231;&#227;o e estresse do ret&#237;culo endoplasm&#225;tico.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref> Portanto, v&#225;rios estudos t&#234;m se concentrado na modula&#231;&#227;o de sirtu&#237;nas com compostos diet&#233;ticos naturais e farmacol&#243;gicos.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Nessa edi&#231;&#227;o dos Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia, K&#305;z&#305;ltun&#231; et al.,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref> publicaram um estudo interessante no qual hipotetizaram o uso do n&#237;vel s&#233;rico das sirtu&#237;nas 1, 3 e 6 como poss&#237;veis biomarcadores do tamanho do infarto do mioc&#225;rdio e progn&#243;stico em pacientes com IAM. Os n&#237;veis temporais das sirtu&#237;nas s&#233;ricas 1, 3 e 6 e sua associa&#231;&#227;o com os marcadores progn&#243;sticos do IAM foram examinados. Pacientes com IAM (n = 40) e pacientes com coron&#225;rias normais (n = 40) foram inclu&#237;dos e avaliados quanto &#224; fra&#231;&#227;o de eje&#231;&#227;o do ventr&#237;culo esquerdo (FEVE), e n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de pro-BNP, PCR e sirtu&#237;nas 1, 3 e 6. O pico de troponina T, o escore GRACE e os n&#237;veis de sirtu&#237;na no primeiro/segundo dia foram registrados para pacientes com IAM. Os autores verificaram que os n&#237;veis das sirtu&#237;nas 1, 3 e 6 no IAM eram semelhantes aos dos pacientes com coron&#225;rias normais e que n&#227;o houve altera&#231;&#227;o temporal nos n&#237;veis de sirtu&#237;nas durante o curso do infarto. Al&#233;m disso, n&#227;o houve correla&#231;&#227;o significativa entre os n&#237;veis de sirtu&#237;nas e os marcadores tradicionais de tamanho do infarto, como pro-BNP, pico de troponina T ou FEVE. Entretanto, os n&#237;veis basais das sirtu&#237;nas 1 e 6 foram positivamente correlacionados com a dura&#231;&#227;o da reperfus&#227;o, e a sirtu&#237;na 3 basal foi negativamente correlacionada com o escore GRACE. Como salientado pelos autores, a correla&#231;&#227;o negativa entre a sirtu&#237;na 3 e o escore GRACE sugere um poss&#237;vel papel da sirtu&#237;na 3 na avalia&#231;&#227;o de risco em pacientes com IAM.</p>
      <p>Neste estudo, deve-se salientar que 95% dos pacientes com IAM foram classificados como classe funcional Killip I. Portanto, embora os autores tenham observado n&#237;veis semelhantes de sirtu&#237;nas em pacientes com infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio e pacientes com coron&#225;rias normais, &#233; necess&#225;ria uma investiga&#231;&#227;o mais aprofundada para esclarecer se os n&#237;veis s&#233;ricos de sirtu&#237;nas apresentam modifica&#231;&#245;es em pacientes com IAM e pior fun&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Na literatura, infarto mediado por oclus&#227;o arterial experimental foi combinado com a diminui&#231;&#227;o da express&#227;o de sirtu&#237;na 3 em ratos.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref> Al&#233;m disso, o <italic>knockout</italic> da sirtu&#237;na 3 induziu disfun&#231;&#227;o microvascular coron&#225;ria e comprometimento da remodela&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca, enquanto a upregula&#231;&#227;o da sirtu&#237;na 3 melhorou a fun&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca em camundongos p&#243;s-infarto.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> Por outro lado, a defici&#234;ncia de sirtu&#237;na 3 n&#227;o alterou o tamanho do infarto ou a fun&#231;&#227;o card&#237;aca.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref> Assim, estudos adicionais s&#227;o necess&#225;rios para esclarecer o papel das sirtu&#237;nas na fisiopatologia do infarto do mioc&#225;rdio.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <italic>Minieditorial referente ao artigo: N&#237;veis de Sirtu&#237;na 1, 3 e 6 em Pacientes com Infarto Agudo do Mioc&#225;rdio</italic>
          </p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
      <ack>
        <title>Agradecimentos</title>
        <p>Ao Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient&#237;fico e Tecnol&#243;gico (CNPq), processo n&#250;mero 310876/2018-4 and 153424/2018-4).</p>
      </ack>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
