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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">SvWW6ffSZgZPdYtwPMTNVPt</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2019000500564</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="previous-pid">S0066-782X2019005006103</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20190054</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Original Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Disparities In The Use Of Drug-eluting Stents For Diabetic Patients With ST-elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction Assisted In the Public versus Private Network - VICTIM Register</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6782-8994</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira</surname>
            <given-names>Jussiely Cunha</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7291-1127</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira</surname>
            <given-names>La&#237;s Costa Souza</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3578-6379</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira</surname>
            <given-names>Jeferson Cunha</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7253-806X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Barreto</surname>
            <given-names>Ikaro Daniel de Carvalho</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">4</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-0622-6257</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Almeida-Santos</surname>
            <given-names>Marcos Antonio</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">5</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8022-3727</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Lima</surname>
            <given-names>Ticiane Clair Remacre Munareto</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7484-3260</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Arcelino</surname>
            <given-names>Larissa Andreline Maia</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">6</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-4047-2742</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Silva</surname>
            <given-names>Isadora Soares Bispo Santos</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">7</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-4158-9726</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Sousa</surname>
            <given-names>Ant&#244;nio Carlos Sobral</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">7</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">8</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">9</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-3552-6160</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Barreto-Filho</surname>
            <given-names>Jos&#233; Augusto Soares</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">7</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">8</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff9">9</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Sergipe</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">N&#250;cleo de P&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Aracaju</city>
          <state>SE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">N&#250;cleo de P&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, SE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Tiradentes</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Aracaju</city>
          <state>SE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Tiradentes, Aracaju, SE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff3">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Primavera</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Aracaju</city>
          <state>SE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital Primavera, Aracaju, SE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff4">
        <label>4</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">N&#250;cleo de P&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o em biometria e estat&#237;stica aplicada</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Recife</city>
          <state>PE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">N&#250;cleo de P&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o em biometria e estat&#237;stica aplicada da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff5">
        <label>5</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Tiradentes</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Programa de P&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o em Sa&#250;de e Ambiente</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Aracaju</city>
          <state>SE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Programa de P&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o em Sa&#250;de e Ambiente da Universidade Tiradentes, Aracaju, SE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff6">
        <label>6</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Faculdade Est&#225;cio de S&#225;</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Aracaju</city>
          <state>SE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Faculdade Est&#225;cio de S&#225;, Aracaju, SE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff7">
        <label>7</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Sergipe</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Departamento de Medicina</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Aracaju</city>
          <state>SE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, SE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff8">
        <label>8</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Funda&#231;&#227;o S&#227;o Lucas</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Centro de Ensino e Pesquisa</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Aracaju</city>
          <state>SE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Centro de Ensino e Pesquisa da Funda&#231;&#227;o S&#227;o Lucas, Aracaju, SE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff9">
        <label>9</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Sergipe</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Hospital Universit&#225;rio</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Divis&#227;o de Cardiologia</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Aracaju</city>
          <state>SE</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Divis&#227;o de Cardiologia do Hospital Universit&#225;rio da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, SE - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Mailing Address: Jos&#233; Augusto Soares Barreto-Filho,</bold> Av. Gon&#231;alo Prado Rollemberg, 211, sala 202 - Centro de Sa&#250;de Prof. Jos&#233; Augusto Barreto. Postal Code 49010-410, S&#227;o Jos&#233;, Aracaju, SE - Brazil. E-mail: <email>jasbf@cardiol.br</email>, <email>joseaugusto.se@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Author contributions</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Conception and design of the research: Oliveira JC, Oliveira JC, Barreto-Filho JAS; Acquisition of data: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Oliveira JC, Lima TCRM, Arcelino LAM, Silva ISBS, Barreto-Filho JAS; Analysis and interpretation of the data: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Barreto IDC, Almeida-Santos MA, Sousa ACS, Barreto-Filho JAS; Statistical analysis: Oliveira JC, Barreto IDC, Barreto-Filho JAS; Obtaining financing: Oliveira JC, Barreto-Filho JAS; Writing of the manuscript: Oliveira JC, Lima TCRM, Arcelino LAM, Silva ISBS, Sousa ACS, Barreto-Filho JAS; Critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Oliveira JC, Almeida-Santos MA, Lima TCRM, Barreto-Filho JAS.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold>
          </p>
          <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>14</day>
        <month>03</month>
        <year>2019</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <month>05</month>
        <year>2019</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>112</volume>
      <issue>5</issue>
      <fpage>564</fpage>
      <lpage>570</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>11</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>07</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>02</day>
          <month>10</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <title>Abstract</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Background:</title>
          <p>Primary angioplasty (PA) with placement of either bare metal or drug-eluting stents (DES) represents the main strategy in the treatment of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Diabetic patients, however, represent a special population in STEMI, with high rates of restenosis and unfavorable clinical outcomes, and with the use of DES, level of evidence A and indication class II, being indicated to reduce these damages.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Objectives:</title>
          <p>To evaluate the DES rate of use in patients with STEMI and in the subgroup of diabetics assisted in the public versus private health network in Sergipe.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Methods:</title>
          <p>This is a population-based, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach using the data from the VICTIM Register. These were collected in the only four hospitals with capacity to perform PA in Sergipe, from December 2014 to March 2017.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Results:</title>
          <p>A total of 707 patients diagnosed with STEMI were evaluated, of which 589 were attended at SUS and 118 at the private network. The use of DES in PA was lower in SUS compared to the private network in both the total sample (10.5% vs 82.4%, p&lt;0.001) and in subgroup diabetic patients (8.7% vs 90.6%, p &lt; 0.001), respectively. In all hypotheses tested, the level of significance was 5% (p &lt; 0.05).</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclusions:</title>
          <p>The study reveals a disparity in the use of DES during the performance of PA between the public and private network, both in the total sample and the subgroup for diabetics, with lower rates for SUS users, demonstrating the challenges that need to be overcome in order to achieve quality improvements of the services provided.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords:</title>
        <kwd>ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction</kwd>
        <kwd>Drug-Eluting</kwd>
        <kwd>Diabetes Mellitus</kwd>
        <kwd>Case-Control Studies</kwd>
        <kwd>Angioplasty</kwd>
        <kwd>Hospitals,Private</kwd>
        <kwd>Hospitals, Public</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec sec-type="intro">
      <title>Introduction</title>
      <p>The early use of coronary reperfusion therapies is one of the main factors associated with the longer survival of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). In this context, primary angioplasty (PA) is the preferred option for this purpose, if started up to 90 minutes after confirmation of the diagnosis of infarction.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> Coronary stent implantation is considered the device of choice for the completion of angioplasty because its use reduces the rates of acute vessel occlusion, and the need for late surgical revascularization when compared to the procedure performed with balloon alone.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>
			</p>
      <p>However, diabetic patients diagnosed with STEMI represent a special population because of the greater difficulty of percutaneous treatment.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> This group shows high rates of restenosis and is associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes, even with the use of bare metal stents.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref> Thus, the Brazilian Society of Hemodynamics and Interventional Cardiology (SBHCI) recommends the preferential use of the drug-eluting stent in diabetics, with evidence level A and indication class II, since these devices release substances that inhibit intimal hyperplasia of the treated vessel, further reducing the chances of restenosis.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>
			</p>
      <p>A major obstacle faced with the use of drug-eluting stents (DES) is the high cost of the device when compared to the bare metal one, in addition to the expenses with prolonged double antiplatelet therapy, which further increases its treatment cost.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref> However, the cost-effectiveness ratio is attractive for the incorporation of this technology when it comes to diabetic patients, since they reflect a lower budget impact by avoiding late complications and the need for future reinterventions. Thus, this device was released for use in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) for the patients above mentioned in 2014, according to ordinance no. 29 of the Ministry of Health.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the rate of DES in patients with STEMI, and in the subgroup of diabetic patients assisted in the public versus private healthcare network in Sergipe.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="methods">
      <title>Methods</title>
      <p>The present analysis used data from the VICTIM Register (VIa Crucis for the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction), a study that aims to analyze and compare the access of STEMI patients to hospitals with capacity to perform angioplasty in the public and private networks of the state of Sergipe.</p>
      <p>This is a cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, developed from December 2014 to March 2017. Data collection was performed in the only four hospitals in the state of Sergipe with capacity to perform AP, all located in the capital city Aracaju. Among these, only one offers service through SUS, and does not have &#8220;open door&#8221; care, which requires that the patient be referenced from another health institution to be admitted to that hospital. The other three hospitals offer private service, either through health plans or private payment.</p>
      <p>To collect data, a study-specific tool, CRF (Case Report Form), was used; data includes information on socio-demographic conditions, onset of symptoms and clinical presentation, hospitalization data, angiographic procedure, patients&#8217; progression during hospitalization and up to 30 days after AMI. To be filled, the interview with the patient (or with the relative, when the patient had no clinical conditions) was used as source, besides the analysis of the medical record.</p>
      <p>Patients older than 18 years, with a history consistent with AMI, electrocardiographic confirmation of the STEMI according to the defining criteria of the V Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology on the treatment of STEMI,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> and who signed the Free Informed Consent Term (FIC) were included. Those unable to sign had their participation authorized by a person responsible for them; the illiterate patients gave permission by fingerprint.</p>
      <p>The following patients were excluded: those who died before the interview; who did not characterize the Via Crucis, that is, those who were hospitalized for other causes when they had STEMI; those who refused to participate in the survey; those whose acute STEMI event was characterized as reinfarction (occurring within 28 days of the incident infarction); those who had a change of diagnosis - that is, they entered the tertiary hospitals with an initial diagnosis of STEM, but after having undergone exams, another finding was observed; and those attended through a health plan in a philanthropic hospital.</p>
      <p>This research was submitted to the Research Ethics Committee of Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS) and approved with CAAE no. 23392313.4.0000.5546.</p>
      <sec>
        <title>Statistical analysis</title>
        <p>All STEMI patients, representing all the cases treated in the State, were included in the sample, since all the centers with a hemodynamic service were included in the study. To evaluate the association for categorical variables presented in absolute numbers and percentage, Pearson chi-square test was used. Continuous variables were presented by mean and standard deviation and the unpaired Student t-test was used to evaluate the means differences, and its adherence to the normal distribution was tested using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (p&gt;0.05). In all hypotheses tested, the level of significance was 5% (p&lt;0.05). The SPSS for Windows Version 17 software was used for statistical analysis.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="results">
      <title>Results</title>
      <sec>
        <title>Sociodemographic profile</title>
        <p>A total of 707 patients were analyzed, of which 83% were attended by the public service and 17% by the private network. In both services, most patients were male (67.1% vs 71.2%, p = 0.382), with a mean age of 61.2 &#177; 12.2 years vs. 62.3 &#177; 12.2 years (p = 0.332), respectively. Ethnicity was a variable collected based on the self-declaration of the patients involved. In this context, a statistically significant difference was observed when the two services are compared, with 68.7% of the SUS patients declaring being non-whites, while 60% of the patients in the private network declared themselves to be white (p &lt; 0.01) (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t1">Table 1</xref>).</p>
        <table-wrap id="t1">
          <label>Table 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Sociodemographic profile of STEMI patients attended at Sergipe State Hospitals with capacity to perform primary angioplasty (SUS x Private care)</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col width="25%"/>
              <col width="25%"/>
              <col width="25%"/>
              <col width="25%"/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">Demography</th>
                <th align="center">SUS (n = 589)</th>
                <th align="center">Private network (n = 118)</th>
                <th align="center">p value</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Age, years (mean &#177; SD)</td>
                <td align="center">61.2 &#177; 12.2</td>
                <td align="center">62.3 &#177; 12.2</td>
                <td align="center">0.332</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Gender, n (%)</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Male</td>
                <td align="center">395 (67.1)</td>
                <td align="center">84 (71.2)</td>
                <td align="center">0.382</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Female</td>
                <td align="center">194 (32.9)</td>
                <td align="center">34 (28.8)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Ethnicity, n (%)</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">White</td>
                <td align="center">179 (31.3)</td>
                <td align="center">69 (60.0)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Non-white</td>
                <td align="center">393 (68.7)</td>
                <td align="center">46 (40.0)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Social class, n (%)</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">A*</td>
                <td align="center">2 (0.4)</td>
                <td align="center">11 (9.8)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">B&#8224;</td>
                <td align="center">8 (1.5)</td>
                <td align="center">30 (26.8)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">C &#8225;</td>
                <td align="center">39 (7.1)</td>
                <td align="center">37 (33.0)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">D &#167;</td>
                <td align="center">163 (29.8)</td>
                <td align="center">24 (21.4)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">E //</td>
                <td align="center">334 (61.2)</td>
                <td align="center">10 (9.0)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Level of Education</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Never studied</td>
                <td align="center">161 (27.3)</td>
                <td align="center">6 (5.1)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Elementary School</td>
                <td align="center">335 (57.0)</td>
                <td align="center">29 (24.5)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">High School</td>
                <td align="center">78 (13.2)</td>
                <td align="center">31 (26.3)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Higher Education</td>
                <td align="center">12 (2.0)</td>
                <td align="center">36 (30.5)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Postgraduate studies</td>
                <td align="center">3 (0.5)</td>
                <td align="center">16 (13.6)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Marital status, n (%)</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Single</td>
                <td align="center">91 (15.5)</td>
                <td align="center">4 (3.4)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Married</td>
                <td align="center">298 (50.6)</td>
                <td align="center">84 (71.2)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Lives with a partner</td>
                <td align="center">92 (15.6)</td>
                <td align="center">4 (3.4)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Divorced</td>
                <td align="center">39 (6.6)</td>
                <td align="center">9 (7.6)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Widower</td>
                <td align="center">69 (11.7)</td>
                <td align="center">17 (14.4)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN1">
              <p>A: Above 20 minimum wages (*); B: 10 to 20 minimum wages (&#8224;); C: 4 to 10 minimum wages (&#8225;); D: 2 to 4 minimum wages (&#167;); E: Up to 2 minimum wages (//).</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>Other expressive data regarding the differences between the patients attended by SUS and the private network are related to social class and educational level. Regarding social class, it can be observed that in the public service 61.2% of the patients had family income consistent with class E (gross family income of up to two minimum wages), while in the private network 33% of the patients were class C (gross family income from 4 to 10 minimum wages) (p &lt; 0.001). Regarding the level of education, 57% of public service patients studied until elementary school, while 30.5% of the patients attended by the private network studied until higher education level (p &lt; 0.001). It is worth mentioning that about 27% of the public service patients never studied (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t1">Table 1</xref>).</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Cardiovascular risk factors</title>
        <p>The cardiovascular risk evaluated for patients from SUS and from the private network admitted to the study were: systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and smoking. In both services, hypertension was shown to be the most prevalent factor (39.2% vs 71.2%, p = 0.033), followed by dyslipidemia (33.6% vs 55.9%, p &lt; 0.001). Diabetes mellitus was third in prevalence in the private service (35.6%, p &lt; 0.001), while in the public service it was fourth (33.8%, p &lt; 0.001). Smoking was a factor of great disparity between the two care networks (34% vs 9.3%; p &lt; 0.001). Most patients presented the association of 2 risk factors in both services (35.1% vs 40.7%, p = 0.534) (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t2">Table 2</xref>).</p>
        <table-wrap id="t2">
          <label>Table 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Pathological background of STEMI patients attended at Sergipe State Hospitals with capacity to undergo primary angioplasty (SUS x Private care)</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col width="25%"/>
              <col width="25%"/>
              <col width="25%"/>
              <col width="25%"/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">Pathological background</th>
                <th align="center">SUS (n = 589)</th>
                <th align="center">Private network (n = 118)</th>
                <th align="center">p value</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Cardiovascular risk factors, n (%)</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Hypertension</td>
                <td align="center">358 (39.2)</td>
                <td align="center">84 (71.2)</td>
                <td align="center">0.033</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Diabetes</td>
                <td align="center">199 (33.8)</td>
                <td align="center">42 (35.6)</td>
                <td align="center">0.705</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Dyslipidemia</td>
                <td align="center">214 (36.3)</td>
                <td align="center">66 (55.9)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Smoking</td>
                <td align="center">200 (34.0)</td>
                <td align="center">11 (9.3)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Number of risk factors, n (%)</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">0</td>
                <td align="center">75 (12.7)</td>
                <td align="center">14 (11.9)</td>
                <td align="center">0.534</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">1</td>
                <td align="center">191 (32.5)</td>
                <td align="center">31 (26.2)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">2</td>
                <td align="center">207 (35.1)</td>
                <td align="center">48 (40.7)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#8805; 3</td>
                <td align="center">116 (19.7)</td>
                <td align="center">25 (21.2)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Previous coronary disease, n (%)</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">AMI</td>
                <td align="center">42 (7.1)</td>
                <td align="center">19 (16.1)</td>
                <td align="center">0.002</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Angina pectoris</td>
                <td align="center">94 (84.0)</td>
                <td align="center">22 (18.6)</td>
                <td align="center">0.472</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Previous Angioplasty</td>
                <td align="center">29 (4.9)</td>
                <td align="center">12 (10.2)</td>
                <td align="center">0.026</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Revascularization</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Previous</td>
                <td align="center">5 (0.8)</td>
                <td align="center">6 (5.1)</td>
                <td align="center">0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Family history of early CAD, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">173 (29.4)</td>
                <td align="center">52 (44.1)</td>
                <td align="center">0.002</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Stroke previous, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">41 (7.0)</td>
                <td align="center">7 (5.9)</td>
                <td align="center">0.685</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Peripheral vascular disease, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">31 (5.3)</td>
                <td align="center">18 (15.3)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN2">
              <p>AMI: acute myocardial infarction; CAD: coronary artery disease.</p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>When the characteristics related to the pathological history of both groups were evaluated, a prevalence of factors related to the patients attended by the private service was observed, with them being a previous history of AMI (7.1% vs 16.1%, p = 0.002), and previous angioplasty (4.9% vs 10.2%; p = 0.026), and prior coronary artery bypass grafting (0.8% vs 5.1%, p &lt; 0.001). The prevalence of family history of previous coronary artery disease (29.4% vs 44.1%, p = 0.002) and peripheral vascular disease (5.3% vs 15.3%; p &lt; 0.001) (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t2">Table 2</xref>) are also observed for the patients of the private service.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Coronary reperfusion</title>
        <p>During STEMI, there was a significant disparity between the results obtained by all patients attended at SUS and all those who sought private care regarding the use of PA. For the former, the reperfusion rate was 45.3% while for the latter it was 79.7% (p &lt; 0.001). In both services, the use of conventional and pharmacological stents was analyzed, and in this aspect an important discrepancy was also observed, since there was a predominance of the use of bare metal stents in SUS (89.5%, p &lt; 0.001), and DES in the private network (82.4%, p &lt; 0.001) (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t3">Table 3</xref>).</p>
        <table-wrap id="t3">
          <label>Table 3</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Percutaneous coronary angioplasty and use of stents in STEMI patients attended in tertiary Hospitals in the State of Sergipe (SUS x Private network)</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col width="25%"/>
              <col width="25%"/>
              <col width="25%"/>
              <col width="25%"/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">Coronary angioplasty</th>
                <th align="center">SUS (n = 589)</th>
                <th align="center">Private network (n = 118)</th>
                <th align="center">p value</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Door-to-balloon time, min</td>
                <td align="center">121.2 &#177; 107.1</td>
                <td align="center">129.8 &#177; 90.2</td>
                <td align="center">0.48</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Primary Angioplasty, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">267 (45.3)</td>
                <td align="center">94 (79.7)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Type of stent used, n (%)</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Bare metal</td>
                <td align="center">229 (89.5)</td>
                <td align="center">16 (17.6)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Drug-eluting</td>
                <td align="center">27 (10.5)</td>
                <td align="center">75 (82.4)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Non-Primary Angioplasty, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">193 (32.8)</td>
                <td align="center">21 (17.8)</td>
                <td align="center">0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Type of stent used, n (%)</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Bare metal</td>
                <td align="center">166 (90.7)</td>
                <td align="center">3 (14.3)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Drug-eluting</td>
                <td align="center">17 (9.3)</td>
                <td align="center">18 (85.7)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
        </table-wrap>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Coronary reperfusion in diabetic patients</title>
        <p>In view of the recommendation of guidelines<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> for the use of DES in diabetics, with level of evidence A and indication class II, these patients were grouped in a special subgroup to assess if the recommendations for stent placement are being followed during coronary angioplasty. A total of 199 diabetic patients were seen in the public service; of these, 47.7% had access to PA and, in most interventions (91.3%), bare metal stents were used, while only 8.7% used DES (p &lt; 0.001). In the private service, 42 diabetics were attended; of these, 78.6% had access to primary PCI, with placement of drug-eluting stent in 90.6% of this subgroup of patients (p &lt; 0.001) (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t4">Table 4</xref>). The mean and standard deviation of the port-balloon time of diabetics seen at SUS versus the private system were 114 (&#177; 91) and 133 (&#177; 67), respectively (p = 0.26).</p>
        <table-wrap id="t4">
          <label>Table 4</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Percutaneous coronary angioplasty and use of stents in diabetic STEMI patients attended in tertiary Hospitals in the State of Sergipe (SUS x Private network)</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col width="25%"/>
              <col width="25%"/>
              <col width="25%"/>
              <col width="25%"/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">Coronary angioplasty<break/>In diabetic patients</th>
                <th align="center">SUS (n = 199)</th>
                <th align="center">Private network (n = 42)</th>
                <th align="center">p value</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Primary Angioplasty, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">95 (47.7)</td>
                <td align="center">33 (78.6)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Type of stent used, n (%)</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Bare metal</td>
                <td align="center">84 (91.3)</td>
                <td align="center">3 (9.4)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Drug-eluting</td>
                <td align="center">8 (8.7)</td>
                <td align="center">29 (90.6)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Non-Primary Angioplasty, n (%)</td>
                <td align="center">63 (31.7)</td>
                <td align="center">10 (23.8)</td>
                <td align="center">0.314</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Type of stent used, n (%)</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Bare metal</td>
                <td align="center">52 (88.1)</td>
                <td align="center">0 (0)</td>
                <td align="center">&lt; 0.001</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Drug-eluting</td>
                <td align="center">7 (11.9)</td>
                <td align="center">10 (100)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
        </table-wrap>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="discussion">
      <title>Discussion</title>
      <p>A disparity between the public and private services regarding the performance of PA and the use of DES for patients with STEMI, especially for diabetics, is observed. It is also worth noting a remarkable overuse of bare metal stents with higher utility rates for the public service, which is in disagreement with the guidelines recommendations.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>
			</p>
      <p>The value found for performing PA at the Unified Health System (SUS) was below the expected average in relation to procedures performed in the North-Northeast (52.5%), according to a study by Nicolau et al. in 2012.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> Primary PCI with the use of stents is considered the gold standard in the treatment of STEMI,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> and these findings reflect the underuse of this therapy at SUS, which may directly contribute to these patients' prognosis.</p>
      <p>Although the proportion of patients undergoing PA is higher in the private network (79.7%, p &lt; 0.001), this result may still be suboptimal, since Sergipe is small in size, which should facilitate access to Primary Care. Therefore, there is a need to improve the quality of the service provided, with the training of multiprofessional teams for the rapid and adequate diagnosis of AMI both in the intra- and prehospital settings, so that access to reperfusion therapies for myocardial infarction is optimized.</p>
      <p>It is also observed that 82.4% of the patients seen at the private network received DES in the PA, while in the public network only 10.5% (p &lt; 0.001) received them. This result in Sergipe at SUS is below the rate of use of DES in the public network throughout Brazil (14%) between the years 2004 and 2005, when these devices were not yet released for use in SUS, according to data of the CENIC Registry.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref> The indication for use of DES follows specific criteria determined by the SBHCI, such as stenosis in the single remaining vessel, intra-stent restenosis, and diabetics with stenosis that can be treated with PA.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> The wide low use of DES in the public network, however, is justified by possible additional expenses inherent to the procedure. These devices have a much higher cost compared to bare metal ones, and require sustained dual antiplatelet therapy, which further increases their effective cost.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>
			</p>
      <p>On the other hand, the large use of these stents at the private network (in approximately 80% of the total analyzed) may suggest the lack of an adequate protocol of use instructions, extrapolating the classic and evidence-based indications. The high financial cost that this therapy entails is expressive; thus, the cost-effectiveness of DES is potentially questionable in such situations.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>
			</p>
      <p>An American study conducted in 2007 by Beohar et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref> showed that the use of DES in patients without formal indications that were not tested by clinical trials was related to more severe outcomes when compared to those patients who had a standard indication. Another more recent American study, conducted in 2017,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref> argues that the superiority of DES should not automatically translate into the end of the use of bare metal stents, since the latter still have a potential advantage in specific situations because of the short-term need for antiplatelet aggregation. Patients who will undergo another surgical procedure, either cardiac or not, or those who have high risk of bleeding strongly benefit from the use of metal prostheses. Therefore, DES should not be indiscriminately and randomly used.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Regarding the use of DES for diabetic patients, the results also revealed a disparity when the public and private networks were compared. During PA, the DES use rate in diabetics was 8.7% vs. 90.6%, p &lt; 0.001. It is worth mentioning that diabetes mellitus is one of the most common clinical conditions with increasing incidence. They represent a special group of patients facing coronary angioplasty, with large international randomized studies demonstrating high rates of late reintervention and restenosis during the use of conventional prostheses.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref> Because in such cases the cost-effectiveness ratio makes the use of the technology economically viable, with less impact on the budget, it is known that DES are allowed for use at SUS in these situations.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref> However, the data found in the present study also reveal a much lower use of this technology in the public service.</p>
      <p>These findings point to the fact that even after the creation of national legislation, recommendations for drug-eluting stent use have not been followed in Sergipe. In this scenario, diabetics receiving bare metal stents would not have the benefit of reducing morbidity and mortality when compared with the use of DES, as demonstrated in international studies, such as DIABETES, SCORPIUS and ISARDESIRE.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Thus, failure to follow the current recommendations triggers a warning signal for the need to monitor the adequate implementation of public health policies in Sergipe, as well as recommend the adoption of a system of governance in the use of stents according to criteria adopted by the guidelines in force.</p>
      <p>The present study has some limitations. First, it is an observational study, in the form of a record. Therefore, there is a possibility that other aspects, other than those found in the analysis, may have influenced the choice of the stent, including logistic phenomena, such as occasional lack of a given material. Secondly, the low level of education, especially in the SUS group, impaired self-information regarding personal medical history, with a tendency to underestimate risk factors and comorbidities. Third, late follow-up of patients was not performed. As a consequence, it was not possible to evaluate whether the disparity in the indication resulted in a significant impact on the restenosis rate.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="conclusions">
      <title>Conclusion</title>
      <p>The study reveals a disparity in the use of DES during coronary angioplasty among patients attended at SUS and at the private network, either in the total sample or in the subgroup of diabetic patients, since lower rates of DES use were observed at SUS in both populations. This fact shows failure to follow an adequate protocol in the use of DES and their classic indications, which increases treatment cost-effectiveness. In addition, the diabetics in the public network have been mostly receiving bare metal stents, even after legislation has been in place to regulate the use of DES in this special subgroup of patients. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor the proper implementation of health policies, and to reassess therapeutic strategies and their real cost-effectiveness.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="supported-by">
        <p>
          <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
        </p>
        <p>This study was funded by CNPq.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <bold>Study Association</bold>
        </p>
        <p>This article is part of the thesis of Doctoral submitted by Jussiely Cunha Oliveira, from Universidade Federal de Sergipe.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <bold>Ethics approval and consent to participate</bold>
        </p>
        <p>This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Universidade Federal de Sergipe under the protocol number 483.749. All the procedures in this study were in accordance with the 1975 Helsinki Declaration, updated in 2013. Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study.</p>
      </fn>
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  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Artigo Original</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Disparidades no Uso de Stents Farmacol&#243;gicos para Pacientes Diab&#233;ticos com Infarto Agudo do Mioc&#225;rdio com Supradesnivelamento do Segmento ST Assistidos na Rede P&#250;blica versus Privada - Registro VICTIM</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-6782-8994</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira</surname>
            <given-names>Jussiely Cunha</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff11">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7291-1127</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira</surname>
            <given-names>La&#237;s Costa Souza</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-3578-6379</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Oliveira</surname>
            <given-names>Jeferson Cunha</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff12">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7253-806X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Barreto</surname>
            <given-names>Ikaro Daniel de Carvalho</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff13">4</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-0622-6257</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Almeida-Santos</surname>
            <given-names>Marcos Antonio</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff14">5</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000 0002 8022 3727</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Lima</surname>
            <given-names>Ticiane Clair Remacre Munareto</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0001-7484-3260</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Arcelino</surname>
            <given-names>Larissa Andreline Maia</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff15">6</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-4047-2742</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Silva</surname>
            <given-names>Isadora Soares Bispo Santos</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff16">7</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-4158-9726</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Sousa</surname>
            <given-names>Ant&#244;nio Carlos Sobral</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff16">7</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17">8</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff18">9</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0003-3552-6160</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Barreto-Filho</surname>
            <given-names>Jos&#233; Augusto Soares</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff10">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff16">7</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff17">8</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff18">9</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff10">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="original">N&#250;cleo de P&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o em Ci&#234;ncias da Sa&#250;de da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, SE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff11">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Tiradentes, Aracaju, SE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff12">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital Primavera, Aracaju, SE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff13">
        <label>4</label>
        <institution content-type="original">N&#250;cleo de P&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o em biometria e estat&#237;stica aplicada da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff14">
        <label>5</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Programa de P&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o em Sa&#250;de e Ambiente da Universidade Tiradentes, Aracaju, SE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff15">
        <label>6</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Faculdade Est&#225;cio de S&#225;, Aracaju, SE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff16">
        <label>7</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Departamento de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, SE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff17">
        <label>8</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Centro de Ensino e Pesquisa da Funda&#231;&#227;o S&#227;o Lucas, Aracaju, SE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff18">
        <label>9</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Divis&#227;o de Cardiologia do Hospital Universit&#225;rio da Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracaju, SE - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Jos&#233; Augusto Soares Barreto-Filho,</bold> Av. Gon&#231;alo Prado Rollemberg, 211, sala 202 - Centro de Sa&#250;de Prof. Jos&#233; Augusto Barreto. CEP 49010-410, S&#227;o Jos&#233;, Aracaju, SE - Brasil. E-mail: <email>jasbf@cardiol.br</email>, <email>joseaugusto.se@gmail.com</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos autores</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa: Oliveira JC, Oliveira JC, Barreto-Filho JAS; Obten&#231;&#227;o de dados: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Oliveira JC, Lima TCRM, Arcelino LAM, Silva ISBS, Barreto-Filho JAS; An&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Barreto IDC, Almeida-Santos MA, Sousa ACS, Barreto-Filho JAS; An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica: Oliveira JC, Barreto IDC, Barreto-Filho JAS; Obten&#231;&#227;o de financiamento: Oliveira JC, Oliveira JC, Barreto-Filho JAS; Reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito: Oliveira JC, Lima TCRM, Arcelino LAM, Silva ISBS, Sousa ACS, Barreto-Filho JAS; Revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante: Oliveira JC, Oliveira LCS, Oliveira JC, Almeida-Santos MA, Lima TCRM, Barreto-Filho JAS.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potencial conflito de interesses</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <abstract>
        <title>Resumo</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Fundamento:</title>
          <p>A angioplastia prim&#225;ria (AP) com coloca&#231;&#227;o de stent, seja ele convencional ou farmacol&#243;gico, representa a principal estrat&#233;gia no tratamento do infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAMCSST). Os pacientes diab&#233;ticos, entretanto, representam popula&#231;&#227;o especial no IAMCSST, com altas taxas de reestenose e desfechos cl&#237;nicos desfavor&#225;veis, devendo-se indicar o uso de stents farmacol&#243;gicos (SF), n&#237;vel de evid&#234;ncia A e classe de indica&#231;&#227;o II, para redu&#231;&#227;o destes danos.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Objetivo:</title>
          <p>Avaliar a taxa de uso de SF em pacientes com IAMCSST e no subgrupo dos diab&#233;ticos assistidos na rede p&#250;blica versus privada de sa&#250;de em Sergipe.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>M&#233;todos:</title>
          <p>Trata-se de um estudo populacional, transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, que utilizou os dados do Registro VICTIM. Estes foram coletados nos quatro &#250;nicos hospitais com capacidade para realizar AP em Sergipe, no per&#237;odo de dezembro de 2014 a mar&#231;o de 2017. Em todas as hip&#243;teses testadas, o n&#237;vel de signific&#226;ncia adotado foi de 5% (p &lt; 0,05).</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Resultados:</title>
          <p>Foram avaliados 707 pacientes diagnosticados com IAMCSST, dos quais 589 foram atendidos pelo SUS e 118 pela rede privada. O uso de SF na AP foi menor no SUS em compara&#231;&#227;o com a rede privada, tanto no total da amostra (10,5% vs 82,4%; p &lt; 0,001) quanto no subgrupo dos pacientes diab&#233;ticos (8,7% vs 90,6%; p &lt; 0,001), respectivamente.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclus&#245;es:</title>
          <p>O estudo revela disparidade no uso de SF durante a realiza&#231;&#227;o de AP entre a rede p&#250;blica e privada, tanto na amostra total quanto no subgrupo dos diab&#233;ticos, com menores taxas para usu&#225;rios do SUS, demonstrando os desafios que necessitam ser vencidos para se atingir melhorias na qualidade dos servi&#231;os prestados.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave:</title>
        <kwd>Infarto do Mioc&#225;rdio com Supradesn&#237;vel do Segmento ST</kwd>
        <kwd>Stents Farmacol&#243;gicos</kwd>
        <kwd>Diabetes Mellitus</kwd>
        <kwd>Estudos de Casos e Controle</kwd>
        <kwd>Angioplastia</kwd>
        <kwd>Hospitais Privados</kwd>
        <kwd>Hospitais P&#250;blicos</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec sec-type="intro">
        <title>Introdu&#231;&#227;o</title>
        <p>A utiliza&#231;&#227;o precoce das terapias de reperfus&#227;o coronariana constitui um dos principais fatores associados &#224; maior sobrevida dos pacientes com infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAMCSST). Nesse contexto, a angioplastia prim&#225;ria (AP) &#233; a op&#231;&#227;o preferencial para este fim, se iniciada at&#233; 90 minutos ap&#243;s a confirma&#231;&#227;o do diagn&#243;stico de infarto.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> O implante de stent coron&#225;rio &#233; considerado o dispositivo de escolha para finaliza&#231;&#227;o da angioplastia, pois sua utiliza&#231;&#227;o reduz as taxas de oclus&#227;o aguda do vaso e a necessidade de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o cir&#250;rgica tardia, quando comparado ao procedimento realizado apenas com bal&#227;o.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Os pacientes diab&#233;ticos diagnosticados com IAMCSST, entretanto, representam popula&#231;&#227;o especial pela maior dificuldade de tratamento percut&#226;neo.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> Esse grupo apresenta altas taxas de reestenose e est&#225; associado a desfechos cl&#237;nicos desfavor&#225;veis, mesmo com o uso de <italic>stents</italic> convencionais (SC).<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B5">5</xref> Assim, a Sociedade Brasileira de Hemodin&#226;mica e Cardiologia Intervencionista (SBHCI) recomenda a utiliza&#231;&#227;o preferencial do <italic>stent</italic> farmacol&#243;gico (SF) em diab&#233;ticos, com n&#237;vel de evid&#234;ncia A e classe de indica&#231;&#227;o II, uma vez que esses dispositivos liberam subst&#226;ncias que inibem a hiperplasia intimal do vaso tratado, reduzindo ainda mais as chances de reestenose.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Um importante obst&#225;culo enfrentado em rela&#231;&#227;o ao uso dos SF &#233; o alto custo do dispositivo quando comparado ao SC, al&#233;m dos gastos com terapia antiplaquet&#225;ria dupla prolongada, o que aumenta ainda mais seu custo de tratamento.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref> Entretanto, a rela&#231;&#227;o custo-efetividade torna-se atraente para a incorpora&#231;&#227;o dessa tecnologia quando se trata de pacientes diab&#233;ticos, pois refletem menor impacto no or&#231;amento ao evitar complica&#231;&#245;es tardias e necessidade de reinterven&#231;&#245;es futuras. Desta maneira, esse dispositivo foi liberado para uso no SUS nessa parcela de doentes desde o ano de 2014, segundo a portaria n&#186; 29 do Minist&#233;rio da Sa&#250;de.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Diante disso, este estudo objetiva avaliar a taxa de uso de SF em pacientes com IAMCSST e no subgrupo dos diab&#233;ticos assistidos na rede p&#250;blica versus privada de sa&#250;de em Sergipe.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="methods">
        <title>M&#233;todos</title>
        <p>A presente an&#225;lise utilizou os dados do Registro VICTIM (VIa Crucis para o Tratamento do Infarto do Mioc&#225;rdio), estudo que visa a analisar e comparar o acesso de pacientes com IAMCSST aos hospitais com capacidade para realizar angioplastia nas redes p&#250;blica e privada do estado de Sergipe.</p>
        <p>Trata-se de um estudo transversal, com abordagem quantitativa, desenvolvido no per&#237;odo de dezembro de 2014 a mar&#231;o de 2017. A coleta de dados foi realizada nos quatro &#250;nicos hospitais do estado de Sergipe com capacidade para realizar AP, todos situados na capital Aracaju. Dentre esses, apenas um oferece servi&#231;o pelo SUS e n&#227;o possui o atendimento de &#8220;porta-aberta&#8221;, o que exige que o paciente seja referenciado de outra institui&#231;&#227;o de sa&#250;de para ser admitido nesse hospital. Os demais tr&#234;s hospitais oferecem servi&#231;o privado, seja por meio de planos de sa&#250;de ou de desembolso particular.</p>
        <p>Para a coleta dos dados foi utilizado um instrumento pr&#243;prio do estudo, o CRF (<italic>Case Report Form</italic>) composto por vari&#225;veis que compreendem informa&#231;&#245;es sobre condi&#231;&#245;es s&#243;cio demogr&#225;ficas, in&#237;cio dos sintomas e forma de apresenta&#231;&#227;o cl&#237;nica, dados da hospitaliza&#231;&#227;o, procedimento angiogr&#225;fico, evolu&#231;&#227;o dos pacientes durante a interna&#231;&#227;o hospitalar e at&#233; 30 dias ap&#243;s o IAM. Para o preenchimento, foi utilizada como fonte a entrevista com o paciente (ou com o familiar, quando da aus&#234;ncia de condi&#231;&#245;es cl&#237;nicas daquele) al&#233;m de an&#225;lise do prontu&#225;rio.</p>
        <p>Foram inclu&#237;dos no estudo pacientes maiores de 18 anos, com hist&#243;ria cl&#237;nica compat&#237;vel com IAM, confirma&#231;&#227;o eletrocardiogr&#225;fica do IAMCSST de acordo com os crit&#233;rios definidores da V Diretriz da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia sobre tratamento do IAMCSST,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> e que assinaram o TCLE (Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido). Aqueles impossibilitados de assinar tiveram sua participa&#231;&#227;o autorizada por um respons&#225;vel; j&#225; os pacientes analfabetos deram autoriza&#231;&#227;o mediante impress&#227;o digital.</p>
        <p>Foram exclu&#237;dos os pacientes que: evolu&#237;ram a &#243;bito antes de realizar a entrevista; n&#227;o caracterizaram a Via Crucis - ou seja, aqueles que se encontravam internados por outras causas quando apresentaram quadro de IAMCSST -; os que se recusaram a participar da pesquisa; aqueles cujo evento agudo de IAMCSST foi caracterizado como reinfarto (ocorre dentro de 28 dias do infarto incidente); os que apresentaram mudan&#231;a de diagn&#243;stico - ou seja, deram entrada nos hospitais terci&#225;rios com diagn&#243;stico inicial de IAMCSST, mas ap&#243;s a realiza&#231;&#227;o de exames, ficou constatado outro acometimento; e os atendidos por conv&#234;nio em hospital filantr&#243;pico.</p>
        <p>Esta pesquisa foi submetida ao comit&#234; de &#201;tica em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS) e aprovado sob o n&#250;mero da CAAE: 23392313.4.0000.5546.</p>
        <sec>
          <title>An&#225;lise estat&#237;stica</title>
          <p>Foram inclu&#237;dos na amostra todos os pacientes com IAMCSST, representando a totalidade de casos tratados no Estado, uma vez que todos os centros de atendimento com servi&#231;o de hemodin&#226;mica foram inseridos no estudo. Para avaliar a associa&#231;&#227;o para vari&#225;veis categ&#243;ricas apresentadas em n&#250;mero absoluto e porcentagem, foi utilizado o teste de qui-quadrado de Pearson. Vari&#225;veis cont&#237;nuas foram apresentadas mediante m&#233;dia e desvio-padr&#227;o e, para avaliar diferen&#231;as de m&#233;dias, foi utilizado o teste <italic>t</italic> de Student n&#227;o pareado, cuja ader&#234;ncia &#224; distribui&#231;&#227;o normal foi testada por meio do teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov (p &gt; 0,05). Em todas as hip&#243;teses testadas, o n&#237;vel de signific&#226;ncia adotado foi de 5% (p &lt; 0,05). O programa SPSS for Windows Vers&#227;o 17 foi utilizado para a an&#225;lise estat&#237;stica.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="results">
        <title>Resultados</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Perfil sociodemogr&#225;fico</title>
          <p>Foram analisados 707 pacientes, dos quais 83% foram atendidos pelo servi&#231;o p&#250;blico e 17% pela rede privada. Em ambos os servi&#231;os a maioria dos pacientes era do sexo masculino (67,1% vs 71,2%; p = 0,382), com m&#233;dia de idade de 61,2 &#177; 12,2 anos vs 62,3 &#177; 12,2 anos (p = 0,332), respectivamente. A etnia foi uma vari&#225;vel coletada com base na autodeclara&#231;&#227;o dos pacientes envolvidos. Neste contexto observa-se um dado com expressiva diferen&#231;a quando comparados os dois servi&#231;os no sentido de que 68,7% dos pacientes do SUS declararam-se n&#227;o brancos, ao passo que 60% dos pacientes da rede privada declararam-se brancos (p &lt; 0,01) (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t5">Tabela 1</xref>).</p>
          <table-wrap id="t5">
            <label>Tabela 1</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Perfil sociodemogr&#225;fico dos pacientes com IAMCSST atendidos nos Hospitais do Estado de Sergipe com capacidade para realizar angioplastia prim&#225;ria (SUS x Privado)</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <colgroup>
                <col width="25%"/>
                <col width="25%"/>
                <col width="25%"/>
                <col width="25%"/>
              </colgroup>
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th align="left">Demografia </th>
                  <th align="center">SUS (n = 589)</th>
                  <th align="center">Privado (n = 118)</th>
                  <th align="center">Valor de p</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Idade, anos (m&#233;dia &#177; DP)</td>
                  <td align="center">61,2&#177;12,2</td>
                  <td align="center">62,3&#177;12,2</td>
                  <td align="center">0,332</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">
                    <bold>Sexo, n (%)</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Masculino</td>
                  <td align="center">395 (67,1)</td>
                  <td align="center">84 (71,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,382</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Feminino</td>
                  <td align="center">194 (32,9)</td>
                  <td align="center">34 (28,8)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">
                    <bold>Etnia, n (%)</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Branco</td>
                  <td align="center">179 (31,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">69 (60,0)</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">N&#227;o branco</td>
                  <td align="center">393 (68,7)</td>
                  <td align="center">46 (40,0)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">
                    <bold>Classe social, n (%)</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">A*</td>
                  <td align="center">2 (0,4)</td>
                  <td align="center">11 (9,8)</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">B&#8224;</td>
                  <td align="center">8 (1,5)</td>
                  <td align="center">30 (26,8)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">C &#8225;</td>
                  <td align="center">39 (7,1)</td>
                  <td align="center">37 (33,0)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">D &#167;</td>
                  <td align="center">163 (29,8)</td>
                  <td align="center">24 (21,4)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">E //</td>
                  <td align="center">334 (61,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">10 (9,0)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">
                    <bold>Escolaridade</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Nunca estudou</td>
                  <td align="center">161 (27,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">6 (5,1)</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Fundamental</td>
                  <td align="center">335 (57,0)</td>
                  <td align="center">29 (24,5)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">M&#233;dio</td>
                  <td align="center">78 (13,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">31 (26,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Superior</td>
                  <td align="center">12 (2,0)</td>
                  <td align="center">36 (30,5)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">P&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o</td>
                  <td align="center">3 (0,5)</td>
                  <td align="center">16 (13,6)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">
                    <bold>Estado civil, n (%)</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Solteiro</td>
                  <td align="center">91 (15,5)</td>
                  <td align="center">4 (3,4)</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Casado</td>
                  <td align="center">298 (50,6)</td>
                  <td align="center">84 (71,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Mora com Companheiro</td>
                  <td align="center">92 (15,6)</td>
                  <td align="center">4 (3,4)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Divorciado</td>
                  <td align="center">39 (6,6)</td>
                  <td align="center">9 (7,6)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Vi&#250;vo</td>
                  <td align="center">69 (11,7)</td>
                  <td align="center">17 (14,4)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
            <table-wrap-foot>
              <fn id="TFN3">
                <p>A: Acima de 20 sal&#225;rios m&#237;nimos (*); B: 10 a 20 sal&#225;rios m&#237;nimos(&#8224;); C: 4 a 10 sal&#225;rios m&#237;nimos(&#8225;); D: 2 a 4 sal&#225;rios m&#237;nimos(&#167;); E: At&#233; 2 sal&#225;rios m&#237;nimos(//). SUS: Sistema &#218;nico de Sa&#250;de.</p>
              </fn>
            </table-wrap-foot>
          </table-wrap>
          <p>Outros dados expressivos no que concerne a diferen&#231;as entre os pacientes atendidos pelo SUS e pela rede privada est&#227;o relacionados &#224; classe social e ao n&#237;vel de escolaridade. No primeiro, observa-se que no servi&#231;o p&#250;blico 61,2% dos pacientes possu&#237;am renda familiar compat&#237;vel com a classe E (renda bruta familiar de at&#233; dois sal&#225;rios m&#237;nimos), enquanto na rede privada 33% dos pacientes possu&#237;am classe C (renda bruta familiar de 4 a 10 sal&#225;rios m&#237;nimos) (p &lt; 0,001). No que tange &#224; escolaridade, 57% dos pacientes do servi&#231;o p&#250;blico estudaram at&#233; o ensino fundamental, enquanto 30,5% dos pacientes atendidos pela rede privada estudaram at&#233; o ensino superior (p &lt; 0,001). Vale destacar que cerca de 27% dos pacientes do servi&#231;o p&#250;blico nunca estudaram (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t5">Tabela 1</xref>).</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Fatores de risco cardiovasculares</title>
          <p>Foram avaliados como risco cardiovascular para os pacientes do SUS e da rede privada admitidos no estudo: hipertens&#227;o arterial sist&#234;mica, diabetes melittus, dislipidemia e tabagismo. Em ambos os servi&#231;os, a hipertens&#227;o arterial mostrou-se como fator mais prevalente (39,2% vs 71,2%; p = 0,033), seguida pela dislipidemia (33,6% vs 55,9%; p &lt; 0,001). O diabetes mellitus configura em terceiro lugar em preval&#234;ncia no servi&#231;o privado (35,6%; p &lt; 0,001), enquanto que no servi&#231;o p&#250;blico aparece em quarto lugar (33,8%; p &lt; 0,001). O tabagismo foi um fator de grande disparidade entre as duas redes de atendimento (34% vs 9,3%; p &lt; 0,001). A maioria dos pacientes apresentou a associa&#231;&#227;o de 2 fatores de risco em ambos os servi&#231;os (35,1% vs 40,7%, p = 0,534) (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t6">Tabela 2</xref>).</p>
          <table-wrap id="t6">
            <label>Tabela 2</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Antecedentes patol&#243;gicos dos pacientes com IAMCSST atendidos nos Hospitais do Estado de Sergipe com capacidade de realizar angioplastia prim&#225;ria (SUS X Privado)</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <colgroup>
                <col width="25%"/>
                <col width="25%"/>
                <col width="25%"/>
                <col width="25%"/>
              </colgroup>
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th align="left">Antecedentes patol&#243;gicos</th>
                  <th align="center">SUS (n = 589)</th>
                  <th align="center">Privado (n = 118)</th>
                  <th align="center">Valor de p</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">
                    <bold>Fatores de risco cardiovascular, n (%)</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Hipertens&#227;o</td>
                  <td align="center">358 (39,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">84 (71,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,033</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Diabetes</td>
                  <td align="center">199 (33,8)</td>
                  <td align="center">42 (35,6)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,705</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Dislipidemia</td>
                  <td align="center">214 (36,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">66 (55,9)</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Tabagismo</td>
                  <td align="center">200 (34,0)</td>
                  <td align="center">11 (9,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">
                    <bold>N&#250;mero de fatores de risco, n (%)</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">0</td>
                  <td align="center">75 (12,7)</td>
                  <td align="center">14 (11,9)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,534</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">1</td>
                  <td align="center">191 (32,5)</td>
                  <td align="center">31 (26,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">2</td>
                  <td align="center">207 (35,1)</td>
                  <td align="center">48 (40,7)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">&#8805; 3</td>
                  <td align="center">116 (19,7)</td>
                  <td align="center">25 (21,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">
                    <bold>Doen&#231;a coronariana pr&#233;via, n (%)</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">IAM</td>
                  <td align="center">42 (7,1)</td>
                  <td align="center">19 (16,1)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,002</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Angina de peito</td>
                  <td align="center">94 (84,0)</td>
                  <td align="center">22 (18,6)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,472</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Angioplastia pr&#233;via</td>
                  <td align="center">29 (4,9)</td>
                  <td align="center">12 (10,2)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,026</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">
                    <bold>Revasculariza&#231;&#227;o</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Pr&#233;via</td>
                  <td align="center">5 (0,8)</td>
                  <td align="center">6 (5,1)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,001</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Hist&#243;ria familiar de DAC precoce, n (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">173 (29,4)</td>
                  <td align="center">52 (44,1)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,002</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">AVC pr&#233;vio, n (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">41 (7,0)</td>
                  <td align="center">7 (5,9)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,685</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Doen&#231;a vascular perif&#233;rica, n (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">31 (5,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">18 (15,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
            <table-wrap-foot>
              <fn id="TFN4">
                <p>SUS: Sistema &#218;nico de Sa&#250;de; IAM: infarto agudo do mioc&#225;rdio; DAC: doen&#231;a arterial coronariana; AVC: acidente vascular cerebral.</p>
              </fn>
            </table-wrap-foot>
          </table-wrap>
          <p>Quando avaliadas as caracter&#237;sticas relacionadas &#224; hist&#243;ria patol&#243;gica de ambos os grupos, observa-se uma preval&#234;ncia de fatores relacionados aos pacientes atendidos pelo servi&#231;o privado, sendo eles hist&#243;ria pr&#233;via de IAM (7,1% vs 16,1%; p = 0,002) e consequentemente de angioplastia pr&#233;via (4,9% vs 10,2%; p = 0,026) e cirurgia de revasculariza&#231;&#227;o do mioc&#225;rdio pr&#233;via (0,8% vs 5,1%; p &lt; 0,001). Observa-se ainda para os pacientes do servi&#231;o privado uma preval&#234;ncia de hist&#243;ria familiar de doen&#231;a arterial coronariana pr&#233;via (29,4% vs 44,1%; p = 0,002) e doen&#231;a vascular perif&#233;rica (5,3% vs 15,3%; p &lt; 0,001) (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t6">Tabela 2</xref>).</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Reperfus&#227;o coronariana</title>
          <p>Na vig&#234;ncia do quadro de IAMCSST, observou-se importante disparidade entre os resultados obtidos por todos os pacientes atendidos pelo SUS e todos os que buscaram o atendimento privado no que tange ao uso da AP. Para os primeiros, a taxa de reperfus&#227;o foi de 45,3% enquanto que para os &#250;ltimos, a taxa foi de 79,7% (p &lt; 0,001). Em ambos os servi&#231;os foi analisado o uso dos <italic>stents</italic> convencionais e farmacol&#243;gicos e tamb&#233;m neste aspecto foi constatada importante discrep&#226;ncia, uma vez que houve predom&#237;nio da utiliza&#231;&#227;o de <italic>stent</italic> convencional no SUS (89,5%, p &lt; 0,001) e SF na rede privada (82,4%, p &lt; 0,001) (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t7">Tabela 3</xref>).</p>
          <table-wrap id="t7">
            <label>Tabela 3</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Angioplastia coronariana percut&#226;nea e utiliza&#231;&#227;o de <italic>stents</italic> em pacientes com IAMCSST atendidos em Hospitais terci&#225;rios no Estado de Sergipe (SUS x Privado)</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <colgroup>
                <col width="25%"/>
                <col width="25%"/>
                <col width="25%"/>
                <col width="25%"/>
              </colgroup>
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th align="left">Angioplastia coronariana</th>
                  <th align="center">SUS (n = 589)</th>
                  <th align="center">Privado (n = 118)</th>
                  <th align="center">Valor de p</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Tempo porta-bal&#227;o, min</td>
                  <td align="center">121,2 &#177; 107,1</td>
                  <td align="center">129,8 &#177; 90,2</td>
                  <td align="center">0,48</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Angioplastia Prim&#225;ria, n (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">267 (45,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">94 (79,7)</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">
                    <bold>Tipo de <italic>stent</italic> utilizado, n (%)</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Convencional</td>
                  <td align="center">229 (89,5)</td>
                  <td align="center">16 (17,6)</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Farmacol&#243;gico</td>
                  <td align="center">27 (10,5)</td>
                  <td align="center">75 (82,4)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Angioplastia N&#227;o Prim&#225;ria, n (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">193 (32,8)</td>
                  <td align="center">21 (17,8)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,001</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">
                    <bold>Tipo de stent utilizado, n (%)</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Convencional</td>
                  <td align="center">166 (90,7)</td>
                  <td align="center">3 (14,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Farmacol&#243;gico</td>
                  <td align="center">17 (9,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">18 (85,7)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </table-wrap>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Reperfus&#227;o coronariana nos pacientes diab&#233;ticos</title>
          <p>Tendo em vista a recomenda&#231;&#227;o das diretrizes<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> para utiliza&#231;&#227;o do SF em diab&#233;ticos, com n&#237;vel de evid&#234;ncia A e classe de indica&#231;&#227;o II, esses pacientes formaram um subgrupo especial a fim de avaliar se durante a angioplastia coronariana as recomenda&#231;&#245;es para a coloca&#231;&#227;o de <italic>stents</italic> est&#227;o sendo seguidas. Foram atendidos 199 pacientes diab&#233;ticos no servi&#231;o p&#250;blico; destes, 47,7% tiverem acesso &#224; AP e na grande maioria das interven&#231;&#245;es (91,3%) utilizou-se SC, ao passo que apenas 8,7% utilizaram SF (p &lt; 0,001). No servi&#231;o privado, foram atendidos 42 diab&#233;ticos; destes, 78,6% tiveram acesso &#224; ICP prim&#225;ria, com coloca&#231;&#227;o de SF em 90,6% deste subgrupo de pacientes (p &lt; 0,001) (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t8">Tabela 4</xref>). A m&#233;dia e desvio-padr&#227;o do tempo porta-bal&#227;o de diab&#233;ticos atendidos no SUS versus sistema privado foi 114 (&#177; 91) e 133 (&#177; 67), respectivamente (p = 0,26).</p>
          <table-wrap id="t8">
            <label>Tabela 4</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Angioplastia coronariana percut&#226;nea e utiliza&#231;&#227;o de <italic>stents</italic> em pacientes diab&#233;ticos com IAMCSST atendidos em Hospitais terci&#225;rios no Estado de Sergipe (SUS x Privado)</title>
            </caption>
            <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
              <colgroup>
                <col width="25%"/>
                <col width="25%"/>
                <col width="25%"/>
                <col width="25%"/>
              </colgroup>
              <thead>
                <tr>
                  <th align="left">Angioplastia coronarianaEm pacientes diab&#233;ticos</th>
                  <th align="center">SUS (n = 199)</th>
                  <th align="center">Privado (n = 42)</th>
                  <th align="center">Valor de p</th>
                </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Angioplastia Prim&#225;ria, n (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">95 (47,7)</td>
                  <td align="center">33 (78,6)</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">
                    <bold>Tipo de <italic>stent</italic> utilizado, n (%)</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Convencional</td>
                  <td align="center">84 (91,3)</td>
                  <td align="center">3 (9,4)</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Farmacol&#243;gico</td>
                  <td align="center">8 (8,7)</td>
                  <td align="center">29 (90,6)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Angioplastia N&#227;o Prim&#225;ria, n (%)</td>
                  <td align="center">63 (31,7)</td>
                  <td align="center">10 (23,8)</td>
                  <td align="center">0,314</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">
                    <bold>Tipo de <italic>stent</italic> utilizado, n (%)</bold>
                  </td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Convencional</td>
                  <td align="center">52 (88,1)</td>
                  <td align="center">0 (0)</td>
                  <td align="center">&lt; 0,001</td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                  <td align="left">Farmacol&#243;gico</td>
                  <td align="center">7 (11,9)</td>
                  <td align="center">10 (100)</td>
                  <td align="center">
									</td>
                </tr>
              </tbody>
            </table>
          </table-wrap>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="discussion">
        <title>Discuss&#227;o</title>
        <p>Observa-se uma disparidade entre os servi&#231;os p&#250;blico e privado quanto &#224; realiza&#231;&#227;o de AP e utiliza&#231;&#227;o de <italic>stents</italic> farmacol&#243;gicos (SF) para os pacientes com IAMCSST, e em especial para os diab&#233;ticos. Vale salientar ainda um not&#225;vel uso excessivo dos <italic>stents</italic> convencionais com taxas de uso maiores para o servi&#231;o p&#250;blico em desacordo com as recomenda&#231;&#245;es das diretrizes.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref>
				</p>
        <p>O valor encontrado para a realiza&#231;&#227;o da AP no SUS permaneceu abaixo da m&#233;dia esperada em rela&#231;&#227;o aos procedimentos realizados no Norte-Nordeste (52,5%), segundo estudo realizado por Nicolau e colaboradores em 2012.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> A ICP prim&#225;ria com utiliza&#231;&#227;o de <italic>stent</italic> ainda &#233; considerada o padr&#227;o ouro no tratamento do IAMCSST,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> e tais achados refletem o subuso dessa terapia no SUS, que pode contribuir diretamente para o progn&#243;stico desses pacientes.</p>
        <p>Embora a parcela de doentes submetidos &#224; AP seja maior na rede privada (79,7%; p &lt; 0,001), esse resultado ainda pode estar aqu&#233;m do idealmente desej&#225;vel, uma vez que Sergipe apresenta pequena dimens&#227;o, o que deveria facilitar o acesso &#224; AP. Nota-se, portanto, a necessidade de melhoria da qualidade do servi&#231;o prestado, com capacita&#231;&#227;o de equipes multiprofissionais para o diagn&#243;stico r&#225;pido e adequado do IAM tanto no ambiente intra como no pr&#233;-hospitalar, para que cada vez mais o acesso &#224;s terapias de reperfus&#227;o mioc&#225;rdica seja agilizado.</p>
        <p>Observa-se ainda que 82,4% dos pacientes atendidos pela rede privada receberam SF na AP, ao passo que rede p&#250;blica foram apenas 10,5% (p &lt; 0,001). Esse resultado em Sergipe no SUS encontra-se abaixo da taxa de uso de <italic>stents</italic> farmacol&#243;gicos na rede p&#250;blica em todo o Brasil (14%) entre os anos de 2004 a 2005, quando esses dispositivos ainda nem eram liberados para uso no SUS, segundo dados do Registro CENIC.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref> A indica&#231;&#227;o para uso de SF segue crit&#233;rios espec&#237;ficos determinados pela SBHCI, como estenose em vaso derradeiro, reestenose intrastent e diab&#233;ticos com estenoses pass&#237;veis para a AP.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> A baixa utiliza&#231;&#227;o do SF de maneira ampla na rede p&#250;blica, entretanto, justifica-se em poss&#237;veis gastos adicionais inerentes ao procedimento. Esses dispositivos apresentam custo muito mais elevado que os convencionais, al&#233;m de necessitarem de dupla antiagrega&#231;&#227;o plaquet&#225;ria prolongada, o que aumenta ainda mais o seu custo efetivo.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Em contrapartida, a grande utiliza&#231;&#227;o desses <italic>stents</italic> na rede privada (em aproximadamente 80% do total analisado) pode sugerir aus&#234;ncia de um protocolo adequado de orienta&#231;&#227;o na sua utiliza&#231;&#227;o, extrapolando as indica&#231;&#245;es cl&#225;ssicas e baseadas em evid&#234;ncias. O elevado gasto financeiro que essa conduta acarreta &#233; expressivo, e assim, a custo-efetividade dos SF &#233; potencialmente question&#225;vel em tais situa&#231;&#245;es.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Um estudo americano realizado em 2007 por Beohar et al.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref> demonstrou que a utiliza&#231;&#227;o de SF em pacientes sem indica&#231;&#245;es formais e n&#227;o testadas por ensaios cl&#237;nicos foi relacionada a desfechos mais severos, quando comparados &#224;queles pacientes que tinham indica&#231;&#227;o padr&#227;o. Outro estudo americano mais recente, realizado em 2017,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref> defende que a superioridade do SF n&#227;o deve automaticamente traduzir-se no fim do uso dos SC, pois estes &#250;ltimos ainda apresentam vantagem potencial em situa&#231;&#245;es espec&#237;ficas pela curta necessidade de antiagrega&#231;&#227;o plaquet&#225;ria. Pacientes que ser&#227;o submetidos a outro procedimento cir&#250;rgico, seja card&#237;aco ou n&#227;o, ou aqueles que apresentam elevado risco de sangramento beneficiam-se fortemente do uso das pr&#243;teses met&#225;licas. Assim, os SF n&#227;o devem ser utilizados de maneira indiscriminada e aleat&#243;ria.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Quanto &#224; utiliza&#231;&#227;o de SF para os pacientes diab&#233;ticos, os resultados revelaram tamb&#233;m disparidade ao comparar as redes p&#250;blica e privada. Durante a AP, a taxa de utiliza&#231;&#227;o de SF nos diab&#233;ticos foi de 8,7% vs 90,6%, p &lt; 0,001. Vale ressaltar que o diabetes mellitus &#233; uma das afec&#231;&#245;es mais comuns na pr&#225;tica cl&#237;nica e com incid&#234;ncia crescente. Eles representam grupo especial de pacientes frente &#224; angioplastia coronariana, com grandes estudos randomizados internacionais demonstrando altas taxas de reinterven&#231;&#227;o tardia e reestenose durante a utiliza&#231;&#227;o das pr&#243;teses convencionais.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref> Como nesses casos a rela&#231;&#227;o custo-efetividade torna economicamente vi&#225;vel a utiliza&#231;&#227;o para a incorpora&#231;&#227;o dessa tecnologia, com menor impacto no or&#231;amento, sabe-se que o SF &#233; liberado para uso no SUS nessas situa&#231;&#245;es.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref> Entretanto, os dados encontrados no presente estudo revelam ainda uso muito inferior ao esperado dessa tecnologia no servi&#231;o p&#250;blico.</p>
        <p>Tais achados apontam para o fato de que mesmo ap&#243;s a cria&#231;&#227;o de uma legisla&#231;&#227;o nacional, as recomenda&#231;&#245;es para utiliza&#231;&#227;o de SF n&#227;o t&#234;m sido seguidas em Sergipe. Nesse cen&#225;rio, diab&#233;ticos que recebem SC n&#227;o teriam o benef&#237;cio de redu&#231;&#227;o de morbimortalidade quando comparados com o uso de SF, conforme demonstrado em estudos internacionais, tais como DIABETES, SCORPIUS e ISARDESIRE.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B19">19</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Assim, o n&#227;o seguimento das recomenda&#231;&#245;es atuais aciona um sinal de alerta para a necessidade de vigil&#226;ncia da implementa&#231;&#227;o adequada das pol&#237;ticas de sa&#250;de p&#250;blica em Sergipe, al&#233;m de tamb&#233;m recomendar a ado&#231;&#227;o de um sistema de governan&#231;a no uso de <italic>stents</italic> de acordo com crit&#233;rios adotados pelas diretrizes vigentes.</p>
        <p>O presente estudo apresenta algumas limita&#231;&#245;es. Primeiramente, trata-se de estudo observacional, sob a forma de registro. Portanto, existe a possibilidade de que outros aspectos, que n&#227;o os encontrados na an&#225;lise, possam ter influenciado a escolha do <italic>stent</italic>, incluindo fen&#244;menos log&#237;sticos, como eventual falta de determinado material. Em segundo lugar, o baixo n&#237;vel de escolaridade, especialmente no grupo SUS, comprometeu a autoinforma&#231;&#227;o em rela&#231;&#227;o ao hist&#243;rico m&#233;dico pessoal, com tend&#234;ncia a subestimar fatores de risco e comorbidades. Em terceiro lugar, n&#227;o se realizou acompanhamento tardio dos pacientes. Em consequ&#234;ncia, n&#227;o foi poss&#237;vel avaliar se a disparidade na indica&#231;&#227;o resultou em impacto significativo na taxa de reestenose.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="conclusions">
        <title>Conclus&#227;o</title>
        <p>O estudo revela disparidade no uso de SF durante a realiza&#231;&#227;o da angioplastia coronariana entre pacientes atendidos pelo SUS e pela rede privada, seja no total da amostra, seja no subgrupo dos pacientes diab&#233;ticos, uma vez que menores taxas no uso do SF foram observadas no SUS em ambas as popula&#231;&#245;es. Tal fato demonstra um n&#227;o seguimento de protocolo adequado em sua utiliza&#231;&#227;o e das indica&#231;&#245;es cl&#225;ssicas, o que eleva a custo-efetividade do tratamento. Al&#233;m disso, os diab&#233;ticos da rede p&#250;blica seguem em sua maioria recebendo SC, mesmo ap&#243;s a cria&#231;&#227;o de uma legisla&#231;&#227;o que regulamenta a utiliza&#231;&#227;o de SF nesse subgrupo especial de doentes. H&#225; necessidade, portanto, de vigil&#226;ncia da implementa&#231;&#227;o adequada das pol&#237;ticas de sa&#250;de, al&#233;m de reavalia&#231;&#227;o das estrat&#233;gias terap&#234;uticas e de sua real custo-efetividade.</p>
      </sec>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="supported-by">
          <p>
            <bold>Fontes de financiamento</bold>
          </p>
          <p>O presente estudo foi financiado pelo CNPq.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Este artigo &#233; parte de tese de Doutorado de Jussiely Cunha Oliveira pela Universidade Federal de Sergipe.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <bold>Aprova&#231;&#227;o &#233;tica e consentimento informado</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comit&#234; de &#201;tica da Universidade Federal de Sergipe sob o n&#250;mero de protocolo 483.749. Todos os procedimentos envolvidos nesse estudo est&#227;o de acordo com a Declara&#231;&#227;o de Helsinki de 1975, atualizada em 2013. O consentimento informado foi obtido de todos os participantes inclu&#237;dos no estudo.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
