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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">LsGbNY45b5gLNXCcRzcmyRt</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2019000300317</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20180241</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Viewpoint</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Medical Societies and Public Universities</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8838-199X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Mady</surname>
            <given-names>Charles</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff1">
          <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Faculdade de Medicina</institution>
          <institution content-type="orgdiv2">Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas</institution>
          <addr-line>
            <city>S&#227;o Paulo</city>
            <state>SP</state>
          </addr-line>
          <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
          <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o - Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo (HC-FMUSP), S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Mailing Address: Charles Mady,</bold> Av. Dr. En&#233;as de Carvalho Aguiar, 44. Postal Code 05403-000, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brazil. E-mail: <email>charles.mady@incor.usp.br</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Author contributions</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Conception and design of the research, writing of the manuscript and critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual contente: Mady C.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold>
          </p>
          <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
        <month>03</month>
        <year>2019</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>112</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>317</fpage>
      <lpage>318</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>14</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>05</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>05</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Societies, Medical/trends</kwd>
        <kwd>Universities/trends</kwd>
        <kwd>Education, Medical</kwd>
        <kwd>Public Health Policy</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>Medical societies are important and strong institutions in our country. We can take as an example the Brazilian Society of Cardiology (<italic>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia</italic>, SBC), of which most of those reading this text are members. I have never done corporate politics, but I follow it with interest. I am impressed by the determination observed in the fierce disputes between competitors at election time.</p>
    <p>These groups, which always include members of university faculties, spend a lot of energy to achieve command positions. Such is the game, which often drifts into tortuous paths. Therefore, the human resources of societies and universities have much in common, since they promote scientific and didactic activities, educating professionals all over the country, using both the face-to-face and the media modalities.</p>
    <p>The quality of the received information is directly proportional to that of the universities and their members. Thus, societies must have great interest in the intellectual evolution of our universities. Therefore, some questions should be asked: Are there constructive undertakings for the improvement of public universities by societies? Are these energies, after the elections are finished, used in their benefit? If they are not, what are the plans for greater interaction between these two universes? Would these projects be helpful in alleviating the steady decline in the quality of academies?</p>
    <p>The reasons for this decline are well known and financial bankruptcy is undoubtedly the primary cause of this decline. There are other, perhaps more serious causes for this crisis in academies, of which approach is hampered by powerful corporations. These are turning education and health into big businesses; <italic>Their</italic> power has an enormous influence in the absence of the political will to fight them. Could we, as members of a society, have well-defined and constructive positions, when trying to collaborate with the authorities regarding the referral of alleged solutions? How do societies associate with the public power? Is there any interest in this relationship?</p>
    <p>In the university scenario, this situation has a deep impact on human resources, leading to disbelief and hopelessness of employees at all levels, even though there are highly qualified and productive professionals who are often undervalued because they are not accepted by the members of the current power systems. This hopelessness is the most destructive feeling, the greatest poison for the productivity of our institutions. The escape of brains, both to the private sector and to other countries, makes this evil equation an even worse one. No wonder our young people have so little interest in academic life.</p>
    <p>To make things even more complicated, career plans are attacked by corporatism, physiologism, and nepotism. Important political facts collaborate very much to keep high-level teachers away from our teaching centers. It is sad to see individuals who have dedicated decades of their lives, with exemplary university careers, being neglected, greatly diminishing their dedication to teaching, research, and extended education.</p>
    <p>This political side is an important cause of the intellectual decline of human resources. Many brilliant careers have been interrupted by this malignant association of factors. We, therefore, have the perfect recipe for decadence.</p>
    <p>Is there a solution or solutions? I believe there are, with the political will that creates changes in the current cultural pattern. Many opinions should be voiced and challenged through serious and healthy dialogues. These are my thoughts:</p>
    <p>On the academic side, teachers must and should be involved, humanly and professionally, with their institutions. Being a teacher is different from simply working as one. Being a teacher must and should be the primary mission in their professional life. They must fully meet the needs of their institutions, thus creating no conflicts of interest.</p>
    <p>Teachers must and should be appraised periodically on their merits, which should be the key factor for reaching the top of their careers. There should be more Full Professors, who would be impartially chosen among active, institutional teachers with heterogeneous profiles, thus reducing the risk of the formation of dominant oligarchies. They should take the university to the civil society, removing it from its crystal dome, while bringing a productive society to the university, as healthy associations for both. As an idea, medical societies could play an important role in this matter.</p>
    <p>Teachers should distance themselves from the utilitarian thinking. One should keep in mind the balance between personal and institutional achievements. Unfortunately, personal conveniences predominate, to the detriment of the entity advancement. This manner of thinking has become a cultural issue that has deep roots. If my institution prospers, I prosper. Cicero said: &#8220;Each one must, in all matters, have only one objective, that is to conform his own interest with the general interest&#8221;.</p>
    <p>Genevan Rousseau offered the same lesson, just like many other thinkers. These ideas have been with the human being for a long time. Medical societies would benefit. There would be an increase in the quality indexes of didactic and dissemination activities. The question remains, which I believe would be difficult to answer today: is it possible for medical societies to contribute to public universities? If so, which would these contributions be? What could be the participation of societies in future university reformations?<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>
		</p>
    <p>It is an effort that requires a dialogue between all who participate in these two universes. There are highly qualified human resources to carry out this task. There will be much disagreement, but this is the way to build something solid. This text does not intend to propose ideas, only to propose the dialogue. When the latter is present, the results appear. All sectors of this country are in need of healthy reformations, as are our societies and universities. I believe this approach could leave a magnificent legacy for the future, for our successors.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="financial-disclosure">
        <p>
          <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
        </p>
        <p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <bold>Study Association</bold>
        </p>
        <p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
    <ref-list>
      <title>Reference</title>
      <ref id="B1">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation>1 Mady C. O futuro das universidades p&#250;blicas. [Internet]. [Citado em 2018 jul 19]. Dispon&#237;vel em: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://jornal.usp.br/artigos/o-futuro-das-universidades-publicas/">https://jornal.usp.br/artigos/o-futuro-das-universidades-publicas/</ext-link>
				</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="webpage">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Mady</surname>
              <given-names>C</given-names>
            </name>
          </person-group>
          <source>O futuro das universidades p&#250;blicas</source>
          <comment>Internet</comment>
          <date-in-citation content-type="access-date">2018 jul 19</date-in-citation>
          <comment>Dispon&#237;vel em: <ext-link ext-link-type="uri" xlink:href="https://jornal.usp.br/artigos/o-futuro-das-universidades-publicas/">https://jornal.usp.br/artigos/o-futuro-das-universidades-publicas/</ext-link>
					</comment>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Ponto de Vista</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>As Sociedades M&#233;dicas e as Universidades P&#250;blicas</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-8838-199X</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Mady</surname>
            <given-names>Charles</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="aff2">
          <institution content-type="original">Instituto do Cora&#231;&#227;o - Hospital das Cl&#237;nicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S&#227;o Paulo (HC-FMUSP), S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil</institution>
        </aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Charles Mady,</bold> Av. Dr. En&#233;as de Carvalho Aguiar, 44. CEP 05403-000, S&#227;o Paulo, SP - Brasil. E-mail: <email>charles.mady@incor.usp.br</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos autores</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa, reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito e revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante: Mady C.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potencial conflito de interesses</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Sociedades M&#233;dicas/tend&#234;ncias</kwd>
        <kwd>Universidades/tend&#234;ncias</kwd>
        <kwd>Educa&#231;&#227;o M&#233;dica</kwd>
        <kwd>Pol&#237;ticas P&#250;blicas de Sa&#250;de</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>As sociedades m&#233;dicas s&#227;o institui&#231;&#245;es importantes e fortes em nosso pa&#237;s. Tomo como exemplo, a Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia (SBC), da qual a maioria dos que est&#227;o lendo este texto faz parte. Nunca fiz pol&#237;tica societ&#225;ria, mas a acompanho com interesse. Impressiona a determina&#231;&#227;o nas acirradas disputas entre concorrentes em &#233;poca de elei&#231;&#227;o. Esses grupos, tendo sempre membros de corpos docentes de universidades, dispendem muita energia para se colocarem nas posi&#231;&#245;es de comando. Assim &#233; o jogo, que n&#227;o raro migra para caminhos tortuosos. Portanto, os recursos humanos de sociedades e universidades t&#234;m muito em comum, tendo em vista que promovem atividades cient&#237;ficas e did&#225;ticas, educando profissionais por todo o pa&#237;s, tanto na modalidade presencial, como pelos meios de comunica&#231;&#227;o. A qualidade das informa&#231;&#245;es recebidas &#233; diretamente proporcional &#224; das universidades e de seus membros. Por isso, as sociedades devem ter enorme interesse na evolu&#231;&#227;o intelectual de nossas universidades. Sendo assim, perguntas se imp&#245;em:</p>
      <p>H&#225; empreendimentos construtivos para a melhoria das universidades p&#250;blicas por parte das sociedades? S&#227;o essas energias, encerradas as elei&#231;&#245;es, utilizadas em seus benef&#237;cios? Se n&#227;o s&#227;o, quais seriam os projetos para haver uma maior intera&#231;&#227;o entre esses dois universos? Esses projetos seriam &#250;teis para atenuar a constante queda de qualidade das academias?</p>
      <p>As raz&#245;es dessa queda s&#227;o bem conhecidas e a fal&#234;ncia financeira &#233;, sem d&#250;vida, causa prim&#225;ria dessa decad&#234;ncia. H&#225; outras causas, talvez mais graves, para essa crise nas academias, cuja abordagem &#233; dificultada por corporativismos poderosos. Estes est&#227;o tornando a educa&#231;&#227;o e a sa&#250;de em um grande neg&#243;cio; <italic>Seu</italic> poder tem enorme influ&#234;ncia na aus&#234;ncia de vontade pol&#237;tica para enfrent&#225;-los. Poder&#237;amos, como membros de uma sociedade, ter posi&#231;&#245;es bem definidas e construtivas, tentando colaborar com as autoridades no encaminhamento de pretensas solu&#231;&#245;es? Como as sociedades se relacionam com o poder p&#250;blico? H&#225; interesse nesse relacionamento?</p>
      <p>No universo universit&#225;rio, essa situa&#231;&#227;o gera profundo impacto sobre os recursos humanos, levando descren&#231;a e desesperan&#231;a aos funcion&#225;rios de todos os n&#237;veis, mesmo havendo entre eles profissionais altamente qualificados e produtivos, muitas vezes desvalorizados por n&#227;o serem aceitos pelos membros dos atuais sistemas de poder. Essa desesperan&#231;a &#233; o sentimento mais destrutivo, o maior veneno para a produtividade de nossas institui&#231;&#245;es. A evas&#227;o de c&#233;rebros, tanto para o setor privado como para outros pa&#237;ses, piora essa equa&#231;&#227;o maligna. N&#227;o causa surpresa o pouco interesse que nossos jovens t&#234;m pela vida acad&#234;mica.</p>
      <p>Complicando ainda mais, os planos de carreira s&#227;o agredidos pelos corporativismos, fisiologismos e nepotismos. Fatos pol&#237;ticos importantes colaboram muito para afastar professores de elevado n&#237;vel humano e profissional de nossos centros de ensino. &#201; triste observar indiv&#237;duos que dedicaram d&#233;cadas de suas vidas, com carreiras universit&#225;rias exemplares, serem preteridos, diminuindo muito sua dedica&#231;&#227;o ao ensino, pesquisa e extens&#227;o. Esse lado pol&#237;tico &#233; causa importante da decad&#234;ncia intelectual dos recursos humanos. Muitas carreiras brilhantes foram interrompidas por essa associa&#231;&#227;o maligna de fatores. Temos, portanto, a receita perfeita para a decad&#234;ncia.</p>
      <p>H&#225; solu&#231;&#227;o ou solu&#231;&#245;es? Acredito que sim, com vontade pol&#237;tica que gere mudan&#231;as no padr&#227;o cultural hoje vigente. Muitas opini&#245;es dever&#227;o ser colocadas e confrontadas, em s&#233;rios e saud&#225;veis di&#225;logos. Vamos aos meus pensamentos:</p>
      <p>Pelo lado acad&#234;mico, o professor deve e dever&#225; se envolver, humana e profissionalmente, &#224; sua institui&#231;&#227;o. &#201; diferente ser ou estar professor. Deve e dever&#225; ser a miss&#227;o primordial em sua vida profissional. Deve preencher integralmente as necessidades de suas institui&#231;&#245;es, n&#227;o criando, assim, conflitos de interesse. O professor deve e dever&#225; ser julgado periodicamente por seu m&#233;rito, que deveria ser o fator fundamental para se atingir o topo da carreira. Dever&#237;amos ter mais titulares, que seriam imparcialmente escolhidos entre os docentes atuantes, institucionais, com perfis heterog&#234;neos, assim diminuindo o risco da forma&#231;&#227;o de oligarquias dominantes. Deve levar a universidade &#224; sociedade civil, retir&#225;-la de seu domo de cristal, e trazer a sociedade produtiva para a universidade, em associa&#231;&#245;es saud&#225;veis para ambos. Como ideia, as sociedades m&#233;dicas poderiam desempenhar papel importante nessa quest&#227;o.</p>
      <p>Os professores devem se distanciar do pensamento utilit&#225;rio. Deve ter em mente o equil&#237;brio entre realiza&#231;&#227;o pessoal e institucional. Infelizmente, predomina o conveniente pessoal, em detrimento do avan&#231;o da entidade. Essa forma de pensar se tornou cultural, com ra&#237;zes profundas. Se minha institui&#231;&#227;o avan&#231;a, eu avan&#231;o. Disse C&#237;cero: &#8220;<italic>Cada um deve, em todas as mat&#233;rias, ter um s&#243; objetivo, qual seja, conformar o seu pr&#243;prio interesse com o interesse geral</italic>&#8221;. O genebrino Rousseau deu a mesma li&#231;&#227;o, assim como muitos outros pensadores. S&#227;o ideias presentes com o ser humano h&#225; muito tempo. As sociedades m&#233;dicas seriam beneficiadas. Haveria aumento nos &#237;ndices de qualidade nas atividades did&#225;ticas e de divulga&#231;&#227;o. Fica a pergunta que, acredito, seja hoje de dif&#237;cil resposta: &#233; poss&#237;vel as sociedades m&#233;dicas contribu&#237;rem com as universidades p&#250;blicas? Se sim, qual ou quais seriam essas contribui&#231;&#245;es? Qual poderia ser a participa&#231;&#227;o das sociedades em futuras reformas universit&#225;rias?<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref>
			</p>
      <p>&#201; um trabalho que necessita di&#225;logo entre todos que participam destes dois universos. H&#225; recursos humanos altamente qualificados para levar essa tarefa adiante. As diverg&#234;ncias ser&#227;o muitas, mas este &#233; o caminho para se construir algo s&#243;lido. Este texto n&#227;o tem a inten&#231;&#227;o de propor ideias, apenas o de propor o di&#225;logo. Quando este se faz presente, os resultados surgem. Todos os setores deste pa&#237;s est&#227;o necessitando de reformas saud&#225;veis, assim como nossas sociedades e universidades. Acredito que essa aproxima&#231;&#227;o poderia deixar uma magn&#237;fica heran&#231;a para o futuro, para os nossos sucessores.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="financial-disclosure">
          <p>
            <bold>Fontes de financiamento</bold>
          </p>
          <p>O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica</bold>
          </p>
          <p>N&#227;o h&#225; vincula&#231;&#227;o deste estudo a programas de p&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
