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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">D8jGS8bXcZLNKHFcbqRGmjr</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2019000300260</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20190005</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Original Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Ideal Cardiovascular Health and Job Strain: A Cross-Sectional Study from the Amazon Basin</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Muniz</surname>
            <given-names>Davi Dantas</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Siqueira</surname>
            <given-names>Kamile Santos</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Cornell</surname>
            <given-names>Cristina Toledo</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Fernandes-Silva</surname>
            <given-names>Miguel Morita</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">4</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Muniz</surname>
            <given-names>Pascoal Torres</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5538-7455</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Silvestre</surname>
            <given-names>Odilson Marcos</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal do Acre</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Rio Branco</city>
          <state>AC</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), Rio Branco, AC - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal Fluminense</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Niter&#243;i</city>
          <state>RJ</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter&#243;i, RJ - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff3">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Harvard University</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">Brigham and Womens Hospital</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Boston</city>
          <state>Massachussets</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="US">USA</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Brigham and Womens Hospital - Harvard University, Boston, Massachussets - USA</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff4">
        <label>4</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Pontif&#237;cia Universidade Cat&#243;lica do Paran&#225;</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Curitiba</city>
          <state>PR</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Pontif&#237;cia Universidade Cat&#243;lica do Paran&#225;, Curitiba, PR - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Mailing Address: Odilson Marcos Silvestre &#8226;</bold> Cl&#237;nica Silvestre Sant&#233; - Rua Quintino Bocai&#250;va, 1108, Postal Code 69900-785; Rio Branco, AC - Brazil E-mail: <email>odilsonsilvestre@yahoo.com.br</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Author contributions</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Conception and design of the research: Muniz DD, Siqueira KS, Muniz PT, Silvestre OM; acquisition of data: Muniz DD, Siqueira KS, Muniz PT; analysis and interpretation of the data: Muniz DD, Cornell CT, Silva MMF, Silvestre OM; statistical analysis: Silva MMF, Silvestre OM; writing of the manuscript: Muniz DD, Cornell CT, Silvestre OM; critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual content: Muniz DD, Siqueira KS, Cornell CT, Silva MMF, Muniz PT, Silvestre OM.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold>
          </p>
          <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub">
        <day>07</day>
        <month>01</month>
        <year>2019</year>
      </pub-date>
      <pub-date pub-type="collection">
        <month>3</month>
        <year>2019</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>112</volume>
      <issue>3</issue>
      <fpage>260</fpage>
      <lpage>268</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>05</day>
          <month>03</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>18</day>
          <month>07</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>08</day>
          <month>08</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <title>Abstract</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Background:</title>
          <p>Ideal Cardiovascular (CV) Health is characterized by four ideal lifestyle parameters and absence of cardiovascular risk factors. The prevalence of ideal CV health in the Amazon Basin and the influence of job strain on CV health in this setting are uncertain.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Objective:</title>
          <p>To evaluate the prevalence of ideal CV health and its relationship with job strain in a secluded area from a developing country.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Methods:</title>
          <p>Job strain was evaluated in 478 employees from an university in the Amazon Basin by a questionnaire that classified participants as passive, active, low or high strain, according to the demand-control model. CV health was evaluated using the American Heart Association 7 health factors (diet, physical activity, body mass index (BMI), smoking, hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia). Participants were classified as having ideal, intermediate or poor CV health. The level of significance was set at p &lt; 0.05.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Results:</title>
          <p>The mean age was 44.3 &#177; 12 years, 65% were men, and 35% were faculty. No participant fulfilled the criteria for ideal CV health. Intermediate CV health was found in 44 (9%) and poor in 434 (91%) individuals. Considering low strain as a reference group, individuals classified as high strain, active and passive had a non-significant (p &gt; 0.05) increase in the chances of having poor CV health. When adjusting for possible confounders, high job strain was associated with poor BMI (&gt; 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), (OR 2.11, 95%CI 1.06-4.22; p = 0.034) and poor diet (OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.29-4.13; p = 0.005).</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclusion:</title>
          <p>Job strain was not associated with cardiovascular health, but high job strain was related to obesity and poor diet. Given the high prevalence of poor CV health and lack of participants with ideal CV health, policies focusing on health education and lifestyle interventions are paramount to this population.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords:</title>
        <kwd>Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology</kwd>
        <kwd>Risk Factors</kwd>
        <kwd>Prevention and Control</kwd>
        <kwd>Amazonian Ecosystem</kwd>
        <kwd>Stress,Psychological</kwd>
        <kwd>Obesity</kwd>
        <kwd>Eating Disorders</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <sec sec-type="intro">
      <title>Introduction</title>
      <p>Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of death in both the developed and developing world.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> In order to combat CVD, the American Heart Association (AHA) launched the 2020 impact goal and the Ideal Cardiovascular Health initiative.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> Ideal Cardiovascular (CV) Health is defined as the presence of both ideal health behaviors (nonsmoking, body mass index (BMI) &lt; 25 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, physical activity at goal levels, and pursuit of a diet consistent with current guideline recommendations) and ideal health factors (untreated total cholesterol &lt; 200 mg/dL, untreated blood pressure &lt; 120/80 mmHg, and fasting blood glucose &lt; 100 mg/dL). Subjects in ideal status have a lower incidence of CVD and an increased life expectancy when compared with those in poor status.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>
			</p>
      <p>CV health seems to be influenced by workplace conditions.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> In a study by Karasek et al.,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> high job strain was associated with higher chances of having CV disease.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> The authors proposed that demand and control at the workplace influence health status. Control is defined as how much leeway in decision making the employee has and how much intellectual skills are required when working. Demand is the intellectual pressure that can be either quantitative, for example, time and velocity to work, or qualitative, defined as conflicts between contradictory demands.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>
			</p>
      <p>Although few studies in this regard have been performed in developed countries, the relationship between job strain and CV health is not completely known in the setting of a developing country. Using the above framework, we hypothesized that ideal CV health has low prevalence in the Amazon Basin. Furthermore, we believe that job strain is associated with a higher prevalence of poor CV health.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec>
      <title>Objective</title>
      <p>The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of ideal CV health and its relationship with job strain in a secluded area from a developing country.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="methods">
      <title>Methods</title>
      <p>The study was performed between 2012 and 2013 in Rio Branco, Brazil. All 759 employees at the Federal University of Acre were invited to participate. Employees received a call or email to setup an appointment with two trained researchers. A total of 478 employees accepted to participate, including 166(35%) faculty professionals and 312(65%) non-faculty staff. A questionnaire was used to collect information regarding demographics, CV behavior and risk factors. Weight, height, waist circumference and blood pressure were measured twice at different appointments. The average of the two measurements was considered the final value. We excluded those subjects who declined to sign an informed consent. Twenty-seven participants with missing data regarding job strain were not included in the comparisons among CV health factors and job strain. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the Federal University of Acre.</p>
      <p>We used the validated Portuguese-language adapted Job Content Questionnaire based in Robert Karesek theoric model to assess job strain.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref> It is composed of 6 questions to evaluate control, 5 questions to assess demand, and 6 questions to assess social support. Each question was composed of 4 possible answers ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 4 (strongly agree). We defined as having high demand those participants with scores above the 50th percentile on the Portuguese-language adapted Job Content Questionnaire; low control when below the 50th percentile; High job strain was defined as the combination of high demand and low control; low job strain as low demand and high control; active as high demand and high control; passive as low demand and low control.</p>
      <p>This study selected seven health indicators proposed by the AHA as markers of CV health. These seven parameters include four lifestyle variables (smoking, physical activity, diet, and BMI) and three CV risk factors (diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and high blood pressure). Smoking status was classified as never smoker, former smoker and current smoker. Ideal physical activity was defined by more than 150 minutes/week of moderate intensity exercise, any physical activity lower than 150 minutes/week as intermediate and no physical exercise as poor. BMI was calculated as body weight in kilograms divided by the square of body height in meters (kg/m<sup>2</sup>). Values lower than 25 were considered ideal, between 25 and 29.9 intermediate, and greater than 30 were considered poor. Diabetes and hypercholesterolemia were self-reported in a questionnaire as yes or no responses. Blood pressure was obtained by trained researchers. High blood pressure was defined as a measured value greater than 140/90 mmHg or self-reported high blood pressure in use of anti-hypertensive medication or not. Systolic blood pressure between 120 and 139 or diastolic blood pressure between 80 and 89 were classified as intermediate. Blood pressure &lt; 120/80 was considered ideal. According to the AHA, an ideal diet pattern was defined as consumption of 4 portions or more of fruits and/or vegetables per day, less than 1 liter of sugar-sweetened beverages per week and more than two 3.5-oz servings per week of fresh fish. We used a food frequency questionnaire previously validated in a Brazilian cohort.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref> Sodium and fiber-rich whole grains consumption couldn&#8217;t be accessed by the questionnaire. Individuals were classified as having ideal CV health (ideal lifestyle and absence of CV risk factors), poor (when any of the seven factors was evaluated as poor) or intermediate (participants who did not belong to ideal or poor CV health group).</p>
      <p>The covariates used for data analysis were age, gender, income, education level and occupation, which were self-reported in a questionnaire. Income was measured in US dollars and subjects were split in two categories, more or less than $20,000/year. Occupation was classified as teaching and non-teaching staff. We modeled education as a dichotomous variable with subjects classified as college or more or high school or less. Low social support was considered for those participants bellow 50th percentile on the adapted Job Content Questionnaire.</p>
      <sec>
        <title>Statistical analysis</title>
        <p>The study was designed to detect a difference in the proportion of poor CV health of 15% between high strain (85%) and low strain (70%). Considering a power set at 0.8, an alpha level of 0.05, we estimated a sample size of at least 121 patients per group and a total of 424 participants. We planned including 478 individuals, allowing for non-respondents or incomplete responses up to 12% of participants.</p>
        <p>Categorical data was reported as percent frequencies and compared by chi-squared test. Continuous normally distributed variables were displayed as mean and standard deviation, and continuous non-normally distributed variables were displayed as median and 25th and 75th percentiles. Significant pairwise comparisons were adjusted for multiple testing using Bonferroni correction and are shown only for variables in which a significant global difference was detected using one-way ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests. The association between job strain and CV health was assessed using multivariable logistic regression using the low strain group as reference. We also used multivariable logistic regression to assess the association between job strain and CV risk factors. We built two models for analyses; the crude analyses without any covariate and the adjusted analyses, which controlled for age, sex, education, income, and occupation. Exposures included high job strain and also high demand and low control, separately. All statistical analyses were performed with STATA version 13.1 (Stata Corp., College Station, TX, USA). P-values &lt; 0.05 were considered statistically significant.</p>
      </sec>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="results">
      <title>Results</title>
      <p>Participants had a mean age of 44.3 &#177; 12 years, and 65% were men; In terms of job strain, the most prevalent group was low job strain with 144 (32%) individuals. A total of 86 (19%) participants were found to have high job strain, 93 (21%) were considered active, and 128 (28%) were considered to have passive work. Teaching professionals were less likely to be among the high strain job group. No significant differences were found between high strain and low strain group in terms of age, sex, and income. Passive participants were more likely to be older and low educated than low strain subjects. Active participants had higher income and were more likely to be professors than low strain participants (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t1">Table 1</xref>).</p>
      <table-wrap id="t1">
        <label>Table 1</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Characteristics of subjects according to job strain (active, passive, low strain, high strain)</title>
        </caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
          <colgroup>
            <col width="24%"/>
            <col width="19%"/>
            <col width="19%"/>
            <col width="19%"/>
            <col width="19%"/>
          </colgroup>
          <thead>
            <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid">
              <th align="left" rowspan="2">Parameters</th>
              <th align="center">Low strain</th>
              <th align="center">Active</th>
              <th align="center">Passive</th>
              <th align="center">High Strain</th>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid">
              <th align="center">n = 144 (32%)</th>
              <th align="center">n = 93 (21%)</th>
              <th align="center">n = 128 (28%)</th>
              <th align="center">n = 86 (19%)</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Age (years)</td>
              <td align="center">42.9 &#177; 11.9</td>
              <td align="center">43.6 &#177; 10.7</td>
              <td align="center">46.7 &#177; 13.2<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN02"><sup>&#8224;</sup></xref>
							</td>
              <td align="center">42.8 &#177; 13.3</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Gender - male n (%)</td>
              <td align="center">94 (65)</td>
              <td align="center">56 (60)</td>
              <td align="center">82 (64)</td>
              <td align="center">55 (64)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Income - &gt; $20.000/yr n (%)</td>
              <td align="center">57 (42)</td>
              <td align="center">62 (67)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN01"><sup>*</sup></xref>
							</td>
              <td align="center">42 (35)</td>
              <td align="center">31 (37)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Highly educated n (%)</td>
              <td align="center">112 (78)</td>
              <td align="center">82 (88)</td>
              <td align="center">63 (49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN02"><sup>&#8224;</sup></xref>
							</td>
              <td align="center">64 (76)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Occupation- professor n (%)</td>
              <td align="center">63 (44)</td>
              <td align="center">65 (70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN01"><sup>*</sup></xref>
							</td>
              <td align="center">10 (8)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN02"><sup>&#8224;</sup></xref>
							</td>
              <td align="center">18 (21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN03"><sup>&#8225;</sup></xref>
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Low social support N (%)</td>
              <td align="center">66 (40)</td>
              <td align="center">59 (66)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN01"><sup>*</sup></xref>
							</td>
              <td align="center">39 (31)</td>
              <td align="center">56 (66)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN03"><sup>&#8225;</sup></xref>
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>Smoking n (%)</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Poor</td>
              <td align="center">8 (6)</td>
              <td align="center">7 (8)</td>
              <td align="center">9 (7)</td>
              <td align="center">8 (9)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Intermediate</td>
              <td align="center">31 (22)</td>
              <td align="center">14 (15)</td>
              <td align="center">42 (33)</td>
              <td align="center">11 (13)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Ideal</td>
              <td align="center">105 (73)</td>
              <td align="center">72 (77)</td>
              <td align="center">77 (60)</td>
              <td align="center">67 (78)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Hypercholesterolemia n (%)</td>
              <td align="center">34 (24)</td>
              <td align="center">24 (26)</td>
              <td align="center">39 (30)</td>
              <td align="center">17 (20)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>Physical activity n (%)</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Poor</td>
              <td align="center">66 (46)</td>
              <td align="center">53 (57)</td>
              <td align="center">73 (57)</td>
              <td align="center">46 (54)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Intermediate</td>
              <td align="center">38 (26)</td>
              <td align="center">21 (23)</td>
              <td align="center">31 (24)</td>
              <td align="center">21 (24)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Ideal</td>
              <td align="center">40 (28)</td>
              <td align="center">19 (20)</td>
              <td align="center">24 (19)</td>
              <td align="center">19 (22)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>Diet n (%)</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Poor</td>
              <td align="center">71 (49)</td>
              <td align="center">45 (48)</td>
              <td align="center">72 (56)</td>
              <td align="center">58 (67)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN03"><sup>&#8225;</sup></xref>
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Intermediate</td>
              <td align="center">38 (26)</td>
              <td align="center">32 (34)</td>
              <td align="center">36 (28)</td>
              <td align="center">17 (20)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Ideal</td>
              <td align="center">35 (24)</td>
              <td align="center">16 (17)</td>
              <td align="center">20 (16)</td>
              <td align="center">11 (13)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Diabetes n (%)</td>
              <td align="center">8 (6)</td>
              <td align="center">6 (6)</td>
              <td align="center">11 (9)</td>
              <td align="center">5 (6)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>High blood pressure n (%)</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Poor</td>
              <td align="center">51 (35)</td>
              <td align="center">28 (30)</td>
              <td align="center">48 (38)</td>
              <td align="center">32 (37)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Intermediate</td>
              <td align="center">72 (50)</td>
              <td align="center">50 (54)</td>
              <td align="center">70 (55)</td>
              <td align="center">49 (57)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Ideal</td>
              <td align="center">21 (15)</td>
              <td align="center">15 (16)</td>
              <td align="center">10 (8)</td>
              <td align="center">5 (6)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Body mass index (kg/m<sup>2</sup>)</td>
              <td align="center">26.5 &#177; 3.8</td>
              <td align="center">26.4 &#177; 4.2</td>
              <td align="center">27.3 &#177; 4.6</td>
              <td align="center">27.5 &#177; 5.0</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <table-wrap-foot>
          <fn id="TFN01">
            <label>*</label>
            <p>
              <italic>p &lt; 0.05 active vs. low strain;</italic>
            </p>
          </fn>
          <fn id="TFN02">
            <label>
              <sup>&#8224;</sup>
            </label>
            <p>
              <italic>p &lt; 0.05 passive vs. low strain;</italic>
            </p>
          </fn>
          <fn id="TFN03">
            <label>
              <sup>&#8225;</sup>
            </label>
            <p>
              <italic>p &lt; 0.05 high strain vs low strain.</italic>
            </p>
          </fn>
        </table-wrap-foot>
      </table-wrap>
      <p>Ideal CV health was not found in this sample. Intermediate CV health was found in 44 (9%) and poor in 434 (91%) individuals. Poor physical activity (53%) and poor diet (55%) were the factors with the highest prevalence among the participants. Poor BMI was found in 22% of participants, smoking in 7%, hypertension in 36%, hypercholesterolemia in 26%, and diabetes in 7% (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1</xref>). Most participants had one to three CV health factors classified as poor (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t2">Table 2</xref>).</p>
      <p>
        <fig id="f1">
          <label>Figure 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Stacked bars showing the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. BMI: Body mass index (kg/m<sup>2</sup>).</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-112-03-0260-90005-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
      <table-wrap id="t2">
        <label>Table 2</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Distribution (count) of poor cardiovascular health factors according to job strain*</title>
        </caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
          <colgroup>
            <col width="21%"/>
            <col width="20%"/>
            <col width="20%"/>
            <col width="20%"/>
            <col width="20%"/>
          </colgroup>
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th align="left">Number of poor CV factors</th>
              <th align="center">Low strain n = 144(32%)</th>
              <th align="center">Active n = 93(21%)</th>
              <th align="center">Passive n = 128(28%)</th>
              <th align="center">High Strain n = 86(19%)</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">0</td>
              <td align="center">16 (11)</td>
              <td align="center">9 (10)</td>
              <td align="center">12 (9)</td>
              <td align="center">6 (7)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">1</td>
              <td align="center">52 (36)</td>
              <td align="center">31 (33)</td>
              <td align="center">27 (21)</td>
              <td align="center">18 (21)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">2</td>
              <td align="center">37 (26)</td>
              <td align="center">23 (25)</td>
              <td align="center">35 27)</td>
              <td align="center">27 (31)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">3</td>
              <td align="center">29 (20)</td>
              <td align="center">17 (18)</td>
              <td align="center">35 (27)</td>
              <td align="center">25 (29)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">4</td>
              <td align="center">5 (4)</td>
              <td align="center">9 (10)</td>
              <td align="center">13 (10)</td>
              <td align="center">8 (9)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">5</td>
              <td align="center">3 (2)</td>
              <td align="center">4 (4)</td>
              <td align="center">4 (3)</td>
              <td align="center">2 (2)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">6</td>
              <td align="center">2 (1)</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">2 (2)</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">7</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
              <td align="center">0</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Mean of poor CV factors (n)</td>
              <td align="center">1.8</td>
              <td align="center">2</td>
              <td align="center">2.2</td>
              <td align="center">2.2</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <table-wrap-foot>
          <fn id="TFN04">
            <p>
              <italic>p &gt;0.05 for all group comparisons. CV: cardiovascular.</italic>
            </p>
          </fn>
        </table-wrap-foot>
      </table-wrap>
      <p>Considering the outcome CV health and low strain as reference group for comparisons, we found that high strain, active and passive individuals have a non-significant increase in the chances of having poor CV health (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t3">Table 3</xref> and <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figure 2</xref>). Either high demand or low control category when analyzed separately or combined was not associated with poor CV health (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t3">Table 3</xref>). Individually, the active group had a trend to increase the odds of poor physical activity (OR 1.67, 95% CI 0.96-2.92; p = 0.07). High job strain increased the chance of poor diet by 2.3-fold in comparison with the low strain group (p = 0.005). Similarly, high job strain was associated with poor BMI (&gt; 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), OR 2.11, 95%CI 1.06-4.22; p = 0.034. We did not find an association between job strain and poor smoking, high blood pressure, hypercholesterolemia, or diabetes (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t4">Table 4</xref>). When demand and control categories were analyzed separately, low control was associated with poor diet. (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t5">Table 5</xref>)</p>
      <table-wrap id="t3">
        <label>Table 3</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Association between job demand, control, or strain with poor cardiovascular health</title>
        </caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
          <colgroup>
            <col width="14%"/>
            <col width="16%"/>
            <col width="17%"/>
            <col width="16%"/>
            <col width="17%"/>
            <col width="16%"/>
          </colgroup>
          <thead>
            <tr align="center" style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid">
              <th rowspan="2">
							</th>
              <th align="left">
							</th>
              <th align="left" colspan="2">Poor Cardiovascular Health (Crude)</th>
              <th align="left" colspan="2">Poor Cardiovascular Health (Adjusted<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN06">*</xref>)</th>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid">
              <th>n (%)</th>
              <th align="left">Odds Ratio (95% CI)</th>
              <th align="center">p</th>
              <th align="left">Odds Ratio (95% CI)</th>
              <th>p</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>Isolated parameters</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="left">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="left">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">High demand</td>
              <td align="center">180 (40)</td>
              <td align="left">1.24 (0.64-2.39)</td>
              <td align="center">0.52</td>
              <td align="left">1.49 (0.76-2.94)</td>
              <td align="center">0.24</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Low Control</td>
              <td align="center">229 (49)</td>
              <td align="left">1.29 (0.69-2.40)</td>
              <td align="center">0.43</td>
              <td align="left">1.09 (0.54-2.20)</td>
              <td align="center">0.81</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>Combined parameters</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="left">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="left">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Low strain</td>
              <td align="center">144 (32)</td>
              <td align="left">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="left">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Active</td>
              <td align="center">93 (21)</td>
              <td align="left">1.17 (0.49-2.76)</td>
              <td align="center">0.73</td>
              <td align="left">1.21 (0.49-2.97)</td>
              <td align="center">0.68</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Passive</td>
              <td align="center">128 (28)</td>
              <td align="left">1.21 (0.55-2.66)</td>
              <td align="center">0.64</td>
              <td align="left">0.91 (0.38-2.18)</td>
              <td align="center">0.84</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">High strain</td>
              <td align="center">86 (19)</td>
              <td align="left">1.67 (0.63-4.44)</td>
              <td align="center">0.31</td>
              <td align="left">1.79 (0.65-4.92)</td>
              <td align="center">0.26</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <table-wrap-foot>
          <fn id="TFN05">
            <p>
              <italic>CI: confidence interval;</italic>
            </p>
          </fn>
          <fn id="TFN06">
            <label>*</label>
            <p>
              <italic>Adjusted for age, sex, income, education and profession.</italic>
            </p>
          </fn>
        </table-wrap-foot>
      </table-wrap>
      <p>
        <fig id="f2">
          <label>Figure 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Bar graph with percentages of intermediate and poor cardiovascular health according to tob strain categories are low strain (low demand and high control), active (high demand and high control), passive (low demand and low control), and high strain (high demand and low control). Ideal cardiovascular health is not represented because none individual was in this group.</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-112-03-0260-90005-gf02.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
      <table-wrap id="t4">
        <label>Table 4</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Odds ratio for cardiovascular health factors according job demand, job control and job strain</title>
        </caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
          <colgroup>
            <col width="18%"/>
            <col width="14%"/>
            <col width="18%"/>
            <col width="14%"/>
            <col width="18%"/>
            <col width="14%"/>
          </colgroup>
          <thead>
            <tr>
              <th align="left">
							</th>
              <th align="center">n (%)</th>
              <th align="center">Crude Odds Ratio (95% CI)</th>
              <th align="center">p</th>
              <th align="center">Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN08">*</xref>
							</th>
              <th align="center">p</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>Poor physical activity</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Low strain</td>
              <td align="center">66 (46)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Active</td>
              <td align="center">53 (57)</td>
              <td align="center">1.57 (0.93-2.65)</td>
              <td align="center">0.09</td>
              <td align="center">1.67 (0.96-2.92)</td>
              <td align="center">0.07</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Passive</td>
              <td align="center">73 (57)</td>
              <td align="center">1.57 (0.97-2.53)</td>
              <td align="center">0.066</td>
              <td align="center">1.19 (0.70-2.04)</td>
              <td align="center">0.52</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">High strain</td>
              <td align="center">46 (53)</td>
              <td align="center">1.36 (0.80-2.32)</td>
              <td align="center">0.26</td>
              <td align="center">1.40 (0.80-2.46)</td>
              <td align="center">0.24</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>Poor diet</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Low strain</td>
              <td align="center">71 (49)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Active</td>
              <td align="center">45 (48)</td>
              <td align="center">0.96 (0.57-1.62)</td>
              <td align="center">0.89</td>
              <td align="center">0.95 (0.55-1.65)</td>
              <td align="center">0.86</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Passive</td>
              <td align="center">72 (56)</td>
              <td align="center">1.32 (0.82-2.13)</td>
              <td align="center">0.25</td>
              <td align="center">1.38 (0.81-2.35)</td>
              <td align="center">0.24</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">High strain</td>
              <td align="center">58 (67)</td>
              <td align="center">2.13 (1.22-3.18)</td>
              <td align="center">0.008</td>
              <td align="center">2.31 (1.29-4.13)</td>
              <td align="center">0.005</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>BMI &gt; 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup></bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Low strain</td>
              <td align="center">22 (15)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Active</td>
              <td align="center">21 (23)</td>
              <td align="center">1.62 (0.83-3.15)</td>
              <td align="center">0.16</td>
              <td align="center">1.75 (0.86-3.53)</td>
              <td align="center">0.12</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Passive</td>
              <td align="center">34 (26)</td>
              <td align="center">2.01 (1.10-3.65)</td>
              <td align="center">0.023</td>
              <td align="center">1.83 (0.94-3.57)</td>
              <td align="center">0.07</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">High strain</td>
              <td align="center">23 (27)</td>
              <td align="center">2.02 (1.05-3.91)</td>
              <td align="center">0.036</td>
              <td align="center">2.11 (1.06-4.22)</td>
              <td align="center">0.034</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>Smoking</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Low strain</td>
              <td align="center">8 (6)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Active</td>
              <td align="center">7 (8)</td>
              <td align="center">1.38 (0.48-3.95)</td>
              <td align="center">0.55</td>
              <td align="center">1.65 (0.53-5.11)</td>
              <td align="center">0.39</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Passive</td>
              <td align="center">9 (7)</td>
              <td align="center">1.29 (0.48-3.44)</td>
              <td align="center">0.62</td>
              <td align="center">1.01 (0.34-3.04)</td>
              <td align="center">0.98</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">High strain</td>
              <td align="center">8 (9)</td>
              <td align="center">1.74 (0.63 (4.83)</td>
              <td align="center">0.29</td>
              <td align="center">2.06 (0.69-6.12)</td>
              <td align="center">0.19</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>High blood pressure</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Low strain</td>
              <td align="center">51 (35)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Active</td>
              <td align="center">28 (30)</td>
              <td align="center">0.79 (0.45-1.37)</td>
              <td align="center">0.4</td>
              <td align="center">0.82 (0.44-1.51)</td>
              <td align="center">0.53</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Passive</td>
              <td align="center">48 (38)</td>
              <td align="center">1.09 (0.67-1.79)</td>
              <td align="center">0.72</td>
              <td align="center">0.72 (0.41-1.28)</td>
              <td align="center">0.27</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">High strain</td>
              <td align="center">32 (37)</td>
              <td align="center">1.08 (0.62-1.88)</td>
              <td align="center">0.78</td>
              <td align="center">0.93 (0.51-1.71)</td>
              <td align="center">0.82</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>Dyslipidemia</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Low strain</td>
              <td align="center">34 (24)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Active</td>
              <td align="center">24 (26)</td>
              <td align="center">1.13 (0.62-2.06)</td>
              <td align="center">0.7</td>
              <td align="center">1.23 (0.64-2.36)</td>
              <td align="center">0.53</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Passive</td>
              <td align="center">38 (31)</td>
              <td align="center">1.42 (0.83-2.43)</td>
              <td align="center">0.2</td>
              <td align="center">0.92 (0.50-1.69)</td>
              <td align="center">0.78</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">High strain</td>
              <td align="center">17 (19)</td>
              <td align="center">0.80 (0.41-1.53)</td>
              <td align="center">0.5</td>
              <td align="center">0.72 (0.36-1.45)</td>
              <td align="center">0.35</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>Diabetes</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Low strain</td>
              <td align="center">8 (6)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Active</td>
              <td align="center">6 (6)</td>
              <td align="center">1.17 (0.39-3.49)</td>
              <td align="center">0.78</td>
              <td align="center">1.05 (0.33-3.30)</td>
              <td align="center">0.94</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Passive</td>
              <td align="center">11 (9)</td>
              <td align="center">1.60 (0.62-4.11)</td>
              <td align="center">0.33</td>
              <td align="center">1.20 (0.42-3.49)</td>
              <td align="center">0.73</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">High strain</td>
              <td align="center">5 (6)</td>
              <td align="center">1.05 (0.33-3.32)</td>
              <td align="center">0.93</td>
              <td align="center">1.07 (0.32-3.56)</td>
              <td align="center">0.91</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <table-wrap-foot>
          <fn id="TFN07">
            <p>
              <italic>CI: confidence interval; BMI: body mass index;</italic>
            </p>
          </fn>
          <fn id="TFN08">
            <label>*</label>
            <p>
              <italic>Adjusted for age, sex, income, education and profession.</italic>
            </p>
          </fn>
        </table-wrap-foot>
      </table-wrap>
      <table-wrap id="t5">
        <label>Table 5</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Association between job demand or job control with cardiovascular health factors </title>
        </caption>
        <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
          <colgroup>
            <col width="16%"/>
            <col width="10%"/>
            <col width="16%"/>
            <col width="9%"/>
            <col width="9%"/>
            <col width="9%"/>
            <col width="17%"/>
            <col width="8%"/>
          </colgroup>
          <thead>
            <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid">
              <th align="center" colspan="4">Demand</th>
              <th align="left">
							</th>
              <th align="left">
							</th>
              <th align="left" colspan="2">Control</th>
            </tr>
            <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid">
              <th align="left">
							</th>
              <th align="center">n (%)</th>
              <th align="center">Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI)</th>
              <th align="center">p</th>
              <th align="center">
							</th>
              <th align="center">n (%)</th>
              <th align="center">Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN10">*</xref>
							</th>
              <th align="center">p</th>
            </tr>
          </thead>
          <tbody>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>Poor physical activity</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Low demand</td>
              <td align="center">99 (39)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="center">High control</td>
              <td align="center">121 (49)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">High demand</td>
              <td align="center">141 (59)</td>
              <td align="center">1.34 (0.90-1.98)</td>
              <td align="center">0.15</td>
              <td align="center">Low control</td>
              <td align="center">126 (51)</td>
              <td align="center">1.03 (0.68-1.56)</td>
              <td align="center">0.88</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>Poor diet</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Low demand</td>
              <td align="center">160 (61)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="center">High control</td>
              <td align="center">123 (47)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">High demand</td>
              <td align="center">103 (39)</td>
              <td align="center">1.21 (0.82-1.80)</td>
              <td align="center">0.34</td>
              <td align="center">Low control</td>
              <td align="center">140 (53)</td>
              <td align="center">1.70 (1.12-2.58)</td>
              <td align="center">0.012</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>BMI &gt; 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup></bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Low demand</td>
              <td align="center">45 (44)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="center">High control</td>
              <td align="center">59 (58)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">High demand</td>
              <td align="center">58 (56)</td>
              <td align="center">1.49 (0.93-2.41)</td>
              <td align="center">0.1</td>
              <td align="center">Low control</td>
              <td align="center">43 (42)</td>
              <td align="center">1.50 (0.91-2.49)</td>
              <td align="center">0.12</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>Smoking</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Low demand</td>
              <td align="center">18 (55)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="center">High control</td>
              <td align="center">18 (54)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">High demand</td>
              <td align="center">15 (45)</td>
              <td align="center">1.98 (0.91-4.29)</td>
              <td align="center">0.085</td>
              <td align="center">Low control</td>
              <td align="center">15 (45)</td>
              <td align="center">1.17 (0.52-2.65)</td>
              <td align="center">0.71</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>Hypertension</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Low demand</td>
              <td align="center">31 (61)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="center">High control</td>
              <td align="center">17 (32)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">High demand</td>
              <td align="center">20 (39)</td>
              <td align="center">0.70 (0.37-1.35)</td>
              <td align="center">0.29</td>
              <td align="center">Low control</td>
              <td align="center">36 (68)</td>
              <td align="center">0.78 (0.38-1.60)</td>
              <td align="center">0.5</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>Dyslipidemia</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Low demand</td>
              <td align="center">74 (64)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="center">High control</td>
              <td align="center">62 (52)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">High demand</td>
              <td align="center">42 (36)</td>
              <td align="center">1.00 (0.62-1.59)</td>
              <td align="center">0.99</td>
              <td align="center">Low control</td>
              <td align="center">58 (48)</td>
              <td align="center">0.83 (0.51-1.34)</td>
              <td align="center">0.44</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">
                <bold>Diabetes</bold>
              </td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
              <td align="center">
							</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">Low demand</td>
              <td align="center">19 (63)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
              <td align="center">High control</td>
              <td align="center">14 (44)</td>
              <td align="center">Ref</td>
              <td align="center">-</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
              <td align="left">High demand</td>
              <td align="center">11 (37)</td>
              <td align="center">1.01 (0.19-1.16)</td>
              <td align="center">0.98</td>
              <td align="center">Low control</td>
              <td align="center">18 (56)</td>
              <td align="center">1.21 (0.52-2.79)</td>
              <td align="center">0.66</td>
            </tr>
          </tbody>
        </table>
        <table-wrap-foot>
          <fn id="TFN09">
            <p>
              <italic>CI: confidence interval; BMI: body mass index;</italic>
            </p>
          </fn>
          <fn id="TFN10">
            <label>*</label>
            <p>
              <italic>Adjusted for age, sex, income, education and profession.</italic>
            </p>
          </fn>
        </table-wrap-foot>
      </table-wrap>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="discussion">
      <title>Discussion</title>
      <p>This study included 451 from an academic center and, to our knowledge, it is the first to describe the prevalence of CV health and explore a possible relationship with job strain in the Amazon Basin. Our main finding was a high prevalence of poor CV health with no individuals in ideal CV health. High job strain was associated with a poor diet and obesity. These findings highlight the influence of workplace condition in CV health of employees and the need to implement policies to improve their health.</p>
      <p>We found no individuals in our sample that would be classified as having ideal CV health as defined by the AHA guideline. More than 90% were classified as having poor CV health. Surprisingly, these findings are worse than those from studies in developed countries. In a United States community-based study with 1933 individuals, only one individual fulfilled criteria for ideal CV health. In the same study, 17% had intermediate CV health, and 83% had poor CV health.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref> We would expect a better CV health profile in our population since we recruited employees from an academic center with wide access to health information, particularly given the presence of nutrition, medicine and other health-related disciplines on campus. Furthermore, our sampled population was approximately 10 years younger than the population of other similar studies.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref> In an Asian study, the prevalence of ideal CV health was 0.2%, intermediate 21% and poor 79% among hospital workers.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref> Comparing this sample with the current study participants, the main difference of CV parameters can be explained by better blood pressure control and low index of overweight and obesity in the Asian population. Importantly, this worse scenario found in our sample could not be explained by differences in methodology among studies because we used similar definitions for CV health factors as defined by the AHA.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>
			</p>
      <p>In regards to the difference in job strain and CV health, no relationship between job strain and poor CV health was demonstrated. Previous studios with larger sample size than our study demonstrated that job strain was associated with CV health scores or established CV disease.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref> The current study included 451 participants which limits the power to find small differences. Moreover, socio-cultural differences between this study sample and other studies mainly from developing countries might influence to change the impact of job strain in CV health. Other authors explored individual CV health factors and found association between high job strain and physical inactivity,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref> diabetes, smoking and obesity.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>
			</p>
      <p>In the current study, diet pattern was associated with job strain, perhaps due to the fact that people with higher demand and lower control usually have less time to prepare or buy healthy food. We also found an association between job strain and obesity, which may be a consequence of a poor diet; it is reasonable to hypothesize that a poor diet is a mediator factor for the association between job strain and obesity. However, we did not found mediator effect for this association (data not shown). In addition, the control-demand model was built to evaluate psychosocial factors that affect mental health.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref> Participants with job strain are more prone to have eating disorders resulting in weight gain, which may explain our findings. In our questionnaires, we did not explore mental health disorders to add on this discussion. In the current study, physical inactivity was not associated with job strain, which is different from a previous publication that found it as the only risk factor associated with job strain.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref> Our data showed a trend towards worse CV health factors and job strain, albeit without statistical significance. This is likely due to the lack of sample power given the relatively small sample size. In addition, it is also possible that the busiest and healthiest employees may have declined to participate in the study, introducing a bias towards the null. On the other hand, job stress might determine less influence in CV health in an academic environment in the Amazon region because employees would work in a less competitive behavior.</p>
      <p>This study has some limitations. Data on diabetes and hypercholesterolemia were self-reported, which could introduce misclassification bias. On the other hand, self-reported questionnaires have low sensitivity for detecting these diseases<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref> and the prevalence of CV risk factors may have been underestimated, which increases the concern regarding the burden of CVD among employees at the University. Importantly, this need to be addressed at a larger scale, as it may reflect a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in Rio Branco, the Brazilian capital with the highest prevalence of obesity.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref> However, the prevalence of these cardiovascular factors in our study was similar to data on cardiovascular risk factors reported in the literature.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref> The food questionnaire used couldn&#8217;t capture sodium and fiber-rich whole grains consumption, which limited the food related factors to only three items of the diet guideline proposed by the AHA.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> Furthermore, some employees declined to respond the questionnaire, which could introduce bias, as employees who declined to fill out the survey could have different characteristics such as higher strain jobs and lower education compared to employees who filled out the survey. We considered that the current study sample is significant, since most part of employees responded the questionnaire (still representative of our community as most people invited to participate responded to the questionnaire). Moreover, unmeasured and residual confounding of the relationship between change job stress and CV health could not be completely addressed by multivariate modeling. Finally, as the design of the study is cross-sectional, only associations can be established. A further study with a longitudinal design would explore causality between job strain and CV health factors.</p>
    </sec>
    <sec sec-type="conclusions">
      <title>Conclusion</title>
      <p>The findings of high prevalence of poor CV health provide important information to public health officials in middle-income countries. Furthermore, a trend to worse CV health in high strain jobs is of interest as these factors could potentially worsen overtime with poor working conditions in developing countries. Strategies for promoting healthy behaviors such as healthier foods offered on campus restaurants, fitness projects, education campaigns, in conjunction with good primary care on campus could potentially have a great impact on life expectancy and improved CV health in this population.</p>
    </sec>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="financial-disclosure">
        <p>
          <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
        </p>
        <p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <bold>Study Association</bold>
        </p>
        <p>This study is not associated with any thesis or dissertation work.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <bold>Ethics approval and consent to participate</bold>
        </p>
        <p>This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Universidade Federal do Acre under the protocol number 23107.017363/2011-52. All the procedures in this study were in accordance with the 1975 Helsinki Declaration, updated in 2013. Informed consent was obtained from all participants included in the study.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
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  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Artigo Original</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Sa&#250;de Cardiovascular Ideal e Estresse no Trabalho: Um Estudo Transversal da Amaz&#244;nia Brasileira</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Muniz</surname>
            <given-names>Davi Dantas</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Siqueira</surname>
            <given-names>Kamile Santos</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">2</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Cornell</surname>
            <given-names>Cristina Toledo</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Fernandes-Silva</surname>
            <given-names>Miguel Morita</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">4</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Muniz</surname>
            <given-names>Pascoal Torres</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">0000-0002-5538-7455</contrib-id>
          <name>
            <surname>Silvestre</surname>
            <given-names>Odilson Marcos</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff5">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), Rio Branco, AC - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff6">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niter&#243;i, RJ - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff7">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Brigham and Womens Hospital - Harvard University, Boston, Massachussets - EUA</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff8">
        <label>4</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Pontif&#237;cia Universidade Cat&#243;lica do Paran&#225;, Curitiba, PR - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Odilson Marcos Silvestre &#8226;</bold> Cl&#237;nica Silvestre Sant&#233; - Rua Quintino Bocai&#250;va, 1108, CEP 69900-785; Rio Branco, AC - Brasil E-mail: <email>odilsonsilvestre@yahoo.com.br</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos autores</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa: Muniz DD, Siqueira KS, Muniz PT, Silvestre OM; obten&#231;&#227;o de dados: Muniz DD, Siqueira KS, Muniz PT; an&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados: Muniz DD, Cornell CT, Silva MMF, Silvestre OM; an&#225;lise estat&#237;stica: Silva MMF, Silvestre OM; reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito: Muniz DD, Cornell CT, Silvestre OM; revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante: Muniz DD, Siqueira KS, Cornell CT, Silva MMF, Muniz PT, Silvestre OM.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potencial conflito de interesses</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <abstract>
        <title>Resumo</title>
        <sec>
          <title>Fundamento:</title>
          <p>Sa&#250;de cardiovascular (CV) ideal &#233; caracterizada por quatro par&#226;metros de estilo de vida ideal e aus&#234;ncia de fatores de risco CV. A preval&#234;ncia da sa&#250;de CV ideal na Bacia Amaz&#244;nica e sua rela&#231;&#227;o com estresse no trabalho &#233; desconhecida.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Objetivo:</title>
          <p>Avaliar a preval&#234;ncia da sa&#250;de CV ideal e sua rela&#231;&#227;o com o estresse no trabalho em uma &#225;rea isolada de um pa&#237;s em desenvolvimento.</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>M&#233;todos:</title>
          <p>O estresse no trabalho foi avaliado em 478 funcion&#225;rios de uma universidade na Bacia Amaz&#244;nica atrav&#233;s de um question&#225;rio validado que classificou os participantes como passivos, ativos, baixa tens&#227;o ou alta tens&#227;o no trabalho, de acordo com o modelo de demanda e controle. A sa&#250;de CV foi avaliada usando os 7 par&#226;metros usados pela <italic>American Heart Association</italic> (dieta, atividade f&#237;sica, IMC, tabagismo, hipertens&#227;o, diabetes e hipercolesterolemia). Os participantes foram classificados em sa&#250;de CV ideal, intermedi&#225;ria ou ruim. O n&#237;vel de signific&#226;ncia adotado foi de 5% (p &lt; 0,05).</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Resultados:</title>
          <p>A idade m&#233;dia foi de 44,3 &#177; 12 anos, 65% eram homens e 35% eram professores. Nenhum participante preencheu os crit&#233;rios de sa&#250;de CV ideal. A sa&#250;de CV intermedi&#225;ria foi encontrada em 44 (9%) e ruim em 434 (91%) dos entrevistados. Considerando a baixa tens&#227;o como grupo de refer&#234;ncia, indiv&#237;duos classificados como de alta tens&#227;o, ativos e passivos tiveram um aumento n&#227;o significativo (p &gt; 0,05) nas chances de ter sa&#250;de CV ruim. Ao ajustar para poss&#237;veis fatores de confus&#227;o, a alta tens&#227;o no trabalho foi associada &#224; obesidade (IMC &gt; 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>): OR 2,11 (IC 95% 1,06-4,22; p = 0,034) e dieta inadequada: OR 2,31 (IC 95%: 1,29-4,13 p = 0,005).</p>
        </sec>
        <sec>
          <title>Conclus&#227;o:</title>
          <p>N&#227;o houve associa&#231;&#227;o entre sa&#250;de CV e estresse no trabalho, mas a obesidade e a m&#225; alimenta&#231;&#227;o foram relacionadas &#224; alta tens&#227;o. Dada a alta preval&#234;ncia de sa&#250;de CV ruim e aus&#234;ncia de participantes com sa&#250;de CV ideal, as pol&#237;ticas voltadas para a educa&#231;&#227;o em sa&#250;de e as interven&#231;&#245;es de estilo de vida s&#227;o primordiais para essa popula&#231;&#227;o.</p>
        </sec>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave:</title>
        <kwd>Doen&#231;as Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia</kwd>
        <kwd>Fatores de Risco</kwd>
        <kwd>Preven&#231;&#227;o e Controle</kwd>
        <kwd>Ecosistema Amaz&#244;nico</kwd>
        <kwd>Estresse Psicol&#243;gico</kwd>
        <kwd>Obesidade</kwd>
        <kwd>Transtornos da Alimenta&#231;&#227;o</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <sec sec-type="intro">
        <title>Introdu&#231;&#227;o</title>
        <p>As doen&#231;as cardiovasculares (DCV) s&#227;o a principal causa de morte nos pa&#237;ses desenvolvidos e tamb&#233;m naqueles em desenvolvimento.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B3">3</xref> Para combat&#234;-las, a <italic>American Heart Association</italic> (AHA) lan&#231;ou o &#8220;2020 impact Goal&#8221; e o conceito de sa&#250;de cardiovascular (CV) ideal.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> Esta &#233; definida como a presen&#231;a de comportamentos de sa&#250;de ideais (n&#227;o fumar, &#237;ndice de massa corporal (IMC) &lt; 25 kg/m,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B2">2</xref> pr&#225;tica de atividade f&#237;sica em n&#237;veis adequados e dieta de acordo com as recomenda&#231;&#245;es da diretriz) e fatores de sa&#250;de ideais (colesterol total &lt; 200 mg/dL (sem tratamento), press&#227;o arterial n&#227;o tratada &lt; 120/80 mmHg e glicemia em jejum &lt; 100 mg/dL). Os indiv&#237;duos em estado ideal de sa&#250;de CV apresentam menor incid&#234;ncia de DCV e aumento da expectativa de vida quando comparados aos que est&#227;o em situa&#231;&#227;o de sa&#250;de ruim.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B6">6</xref>
				</p>
        <p>A sa&#250;de CV parece ser influenciada pelas condi&#231;&#245;es do local de trabalho.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> Em um estudo realizado por Karasek et al.,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> a alta tens&#227;o no trabalho estava associada a maiores chances de desenvolver DCV.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B8">8</xref> Os autores propuseram que a demanda e o controle no local de trabalho influenciam o estado de sa&#250;de. O controle &#233; definido como a autonomia para tomada de decis&#227;o do empregado e a quantidade de habilidades intelectuais necess&#225;rias ao trabalhar. A demanda &#233; a press&#227;o intelectual que pode ser quantitativa, relacionada ao tempo e velocidade para realizar o trabalho, ou qualitativa, definida como conflito de demandas contradit&#243;rias.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref>
				</p>
        <p>Apesar de terem sido realizados poucos estudos sobre o assunto em pa&#237;ses desenvolvidos, a rela&#231;&#227;o entre tens&#227;o laboral e sa&#250;de CV n&#227;o &#233; completamente conhecida no cen&#225;rio de um pa&#237;s em desenvolvimento. De acordo com o cen&#225;rio exposto, n&#243;s hipotetizamos que a sa&#250;de CV ideal tem baixa preval&#234;ncia na Bacia Amaz&#244;nica. Al&#233;m disso, acreditamos que a tens&#227;o no trabalho est&#225; associada a uma maior preval&#234;ncia de sa&#250;de CV ruim.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec>
        <title>Objetivo</title>
        <p>O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a preval&#234;ncia da sa&#250;de CV ideal e sua rela&#231;&#227;o com o estresse no trabalho em uma &#225;rea isolada de um pa&#237;s em desenvolvimento.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="methods">
        <title>M&#233;todos</title>
        <p>O estudo foi realizado entre 2012 e 2013 em Rio Branco, Brasil. Todos os 759 funcion&#225;rios da Universidade Federal do Acre foram convidados a participar. Eles receberam uma liga&#231;&#227;o ou e-mail para marcar um encontro com os pesquisadores. Um total de 478 funcion&#225;rios aceitaram participar, incluindo 166 (35%) professores e 312 (65%) funcion&#225;rios n&#227;o docentes. Um question&#225;rio foi utilizado para coletar informa&#231;&#245;es sobre dados socioecon&#244;micos, sa&#250;de CV e fatores de risco. O peso, a altura, a circunfer&#234;ncia da cintura e a press&#227;o arterial foram medidos duas vezes em visitas diferentes. A m&#233;dia das duas medidas foi considerado o valor final. N&#243;s exclu&#237;mos aqueles sujeitos que se recusaram a assinar o termo de consentimento. Vinte e sete participantes com dados faltantes em rela&#231;&#227;o ao estresse no trabalho n&#227;o foram inclu&#237;dos nas compara&#231;&#245;es entre os fatores de sa&#250;de CV e a tens&#227;o no trabalho. Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comit&#234; de &#201;tica em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Acre.</p>
        <p>Utilizamos um question&#225;rio validado e adaptado para l&#237;ngua portuguesa baseado no modelo te&#243;rico de Robert Karesek para avaliar o estresse no trabalho.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B9">9</xref> O question&#225;rio &#233; composto de 6 quest&#245;es para avaliar o controle, 5 quest&#245;es para avaliar a demanda e 6 quest&#245;es para avaliar o apoio social. Cada pergunta foi composta por 4 respostas poss&#237;veis que variam de 1 (discorda totalmente) a 4 (concorda totalmente). N&#243;s definimos como alta demanda aqueles participantes com pontua&#231;&#245;es acima do percentil 50 no question&#225;rio adaptado em l&#237;ngua portuguesa; baixo controle quando abaixo do percentil 50; para as an&#225;lises, os participantes foram divididos em grupos, como segue: alta tens&#227;o: a combina&#231;&#227;o de alta demanda e baixo controle; baixa tens&#227;o: baixa demanda e alto controle; ativo: alta demanda e alto controle; passivo: baixa demanda e baixo controle.</p>
        <p>Consideramos os sete indicadores propostos pela AHA como fatores de sa&#250;de CV. Estes sete par&#226;metros incluem quatro vari&#225;veis de estilo de vida (tabagismo, atividade f&#237;sica, dieta e IMC) e tr&#234;s fatores de risco CV (diabetes, hipercolesterolemia e hipertens&#227;o arterial sist&#234;mica). O status de tabagismo foi classificado como nunca fumante, ex-fumante e fumante atual. A atividade f&#237;sica ideal foi definida como mais de 150 minutos/semana de exerc&#237;cio de intensidade moderada; qualquer atividade f&#237;sica inferior a 150 minutos/semana como intermedi&#225;ria; e o sedentarismo como ruim. O IMC foi calculado como peso corporal em quilogramas dividido pelo quadrado da altura em metros quadrados (kg/m<sup>2</sup>). Os valores inferiores a 25 foram considerados ideais, entre 25 e 29,9 intermedi&#225;rios, e maiores de 30 foram considerados ruins. Diabetes e hipercolesterolemia foram auto-referidos atrav&#233;s do question&#225;rio com pergunta de respostas sim ou n&#227;o. A press&#227;o arterial foi obtida seguindo as orienta&#231;&#245;es da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia. A press&#227;o arterial elevada foi definida como um valor m&#233;dio superior a 140/90 mmHg ou press&#227;o arterial alta auto-relatada, no uso ou n&#227;o de medica&#231;&#227;o anti-hipertensiva. A press&#227;o arterial sist&#243;lica entre 120 e 139 ou a press&#227;o arterial diast&#243;lica entre 80 e 89 foram classificadas como intermedi&#225;rias. A press&#227;o arterial &lt; 120/80 foi considerada ideal. De acordo com a AHA, um padr&#227;o de dieta ideal foi definido como o consumo de 4 por&#231;&#245;es ou mais de frutas e/ou verduras por dia, menos de 1 litro de bebidas industrializadas por semana e mais de duas por&#231;&#245;es de 100 gramas/semana de peixe. Usamos um question&#225;rio de frequ&#234;ncia alimentar previamente validado em uma coorte brasileira.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B10">10</xref> O question&#225;rio n&#227;o pode mensurar o consumo de gr&#227;os, fibras e s&#243;dio consumido. Os indiv&#237;duos foram classificados como tendo sa&#250;de CV ideal (estilo de vida ideal e aus&#234;ncia de fatores de risco CV), ruim (quando algum dos sete fatores foi avaliado como ruim) ou intermedi&#225;rio (participantes que n&#227;o pertenciam ao grupo de sa&#250;de CV ideal ou ruim).</p>
        <p>As covari&#225;veis utilizadas para an&#225;lise dos dados foram: idade, g&#234;nero, renda, n&#237;vel de educa&#231;&#227;o e ocupa&#231;&#227;o, que foram auto-relatadas no question&#225;rio. A renda foi mensurada em d&#243;lares americanos e os sujeitos foram divididos em duas categorias, de ganho maior ou menor de US $ 20.000/ano. A ocupa&#231;&#227;o foi classificada como servidor docente e n&#227;o-docente. N&#243;s dividimos o n&#237;vel de educa&#231;&#227;o como vari&#225;vel dicot&#244;mica com sujeitos classificados como ensino superior ou maior, ou ensino m&#233;dio ou menor. O suporte social foi definido como baixo quando abaixo do percentil 50 no question&#225;rio adaptado.</p>
        <sec>
          <title>An&#225;lise estatistica</title>
          <p>O estudo foi desenhado para detectar uma diferen&#231;a de 15% na frequ&#234;ncia de sa&#250;de CV ruim entre os grupos de alta tens&#227;o (85%) e baixa tens&#227;o (70%). Considerando um erro alfa = 0,05, poder de 80%, a amostra m&#237;nima seria de 121 participantes em cada grupo, resultando em um tamanho m&#237;nimo da amostra de 424 participantes (assumindo quatro grupos balanceados). Previmos a inclus&#227;o de 478 indiv&#237;duos, permitindo uma taxa de n&#227;o resposta ou respostas incompletas em at&#233; 12% dos participantes.</p>
          <p>Os dados categ&#243;ricos foram avaliados como frequ&#234;ncias percentuais e comparados pelo teste do qui-quadrado. As vari&#225;veis cont&#237;nuas de distribui&#231;&#227;o normal foram apresentadas como m&#233;dia e desvio padr&#227;o, e as vari&#225;veis cont&#237;nuas de distribui&#231;&#227;o n&#227;o-normal foram exibidas com mediana e percentis 25&#186; e 75&#186;. As compara&#231;&#245;es parciais significativas foram ajustadas para testes m&#250;ltiplos usando a corre&#231;&#227;o de Bonferroni e s&#227;o mostradas apenas para vari&#225;veis nas quais uma diferen&#231;a significativa global foi detectada usando testes ANOVA unidirecionais ou Kruskal-Wallis. A associa&#231;&#227;o entre a tens&#227;o do trabalho e a sa&#250;de CV foi avaliada atrav&#233;s de regress&#227;o log&#237;stica multivariada, usando o grupo de baixa tens&#227;o como refer&#234;ncia. Tamb&#233;m usamos regress&#227;o log&#237;stica multivariada para avaliar a associa&#231;&#227;o entre a tens&#227;o do trabalho e os fatores de risco CV. Constru&#237;mos dois modelos para an&#225;lises; as an&#225;lises brutas sem covari&#225;vel e as an&#225;lises ajustadas, com ajuste para idade, sexo, educa&#231;&#227;o, renda e ocupa&#231;&#227;o. As vari&#225;veis de exposi&#231;&#227;o (independentes) inclu&#237;ram alta tens&#227;o no trabalho e tamb&#233;m alta demanda e baixo controle, separadamente. Todas as an&#225;lises estat&#237;sticas foram realizadas com a STATA vers&#227;o 13.1 (Stata Corp., College Station, TX, EUA). Os valores de p &lt; 0,05 foram considerados estatisticamente significantes.</p>
        </sec>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="results">
        <title>Resultados</title>
        <p>Os participantes tinham idade m&#233;dia de 44,3 &#177; 12 anos e 65% eram homens; em rela&#231;&#227;o &#224; tens&#227;o no trabalho, o grupo mais prevalente apresentou baixa tens&#227;o no trabalho com 144 (32%) indiv&#237;duos. Um total de 86 (19%) participantes apresentaram alta tens&#227;o no trabalho, 93 (21%) foram considerados ativos e 128 (28%) passivos. Os professores foram menos propensos a estar entre o grupo de trabalho com alta tens&#227;o. N&#227;o foram encontradas diferen&#231;as significativas entre o grupo de alta tens&#227;o e de baixa tens&#227;o em termos de idade, sexo e renda. Os participantes passivos eram mais propensos a serem mais velhos e de baixa escolaridade do que indiv&#237;duos de baixa tens&#227;o. Os participantes ativos tinham maior renda e eram mais propensos a serem professores do que participantes de baixa tens&#227;o (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t6">Tabela 1</xref>).</p>
        <table-wrap id="t6">
          <label>Tabela 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Caracter&#237;sticas dos funcion&#225;rios de acordo com estresse no trabalho (ativo, passivo, baixa tens&#227;o, alta tens&#227;o)</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col width="24%"/>
              <col width="19%"/>
              <col width="19%"/>
              <col width="19%"/>
              <col width="19%"/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid">
                <th align="left" rowspan="2">Vari&#225;veis</th>
                <th align="center">Baixa Tens&#227;o</th>
                <th align="center">Ativo</th>
                <th align="center">Passivo</th>
                <th align="center">Alta Tens&#227;o</th>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid">
                <th align="center">n = 144 (32%)</th>
                <th align="center">n = 93 (21%)</th>
                <th align="center">n = 128 (28%)</th>
                <th align="center">n = 86 (19%)</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Idade (anos)</td>
                <td align="center">42,9 &#177; 11,9</td>
                <td align="center">43,6 &#177; 10,7</td>
                <td align="center">46,7 &#177; 13,2<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN12"><sup>&#8224;</sup></xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">42,8 &#177; 13,3</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">G&#234;nero Masculino n(%)</td>
                <td align="center">94 (65)</td>
                <td align="center">56 (60)</td>
                <td align="center">82 (64)</td>
                <td align="center">55 (64)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Renda - &gt; $ 20.000/ano n(%)</td>
                <td align="center">57 (42)</td>
                <td align="center">62 (67)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN11"><sup>*</sup></xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">42 (35)</td>
                <td align="center">31 (37)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Educa&#231;&#227;o (n&#237;vel superior) n(%)</td>
                <td align="center">112 (78)</td>
                <td align="center">82 (88)</td>
                <td align="center">63 (49)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN12"><sup>&#8224;</sup></xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">64 (76)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Profiss&#227;o- professor n(%)</td>
                <td align="center">63 (44)</td>
                <td align="center">65 (70)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN11"><sup>*</sup></xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">10 (8)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN12"><sup>&#8224;</sup></xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">18 (21)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN13"><sup>&#8225;</sup></xref>
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Suporte social baixo n(%)</td>
                <td align="center">66 (40)</td>
                <td align="center">59 (66)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN11"><sup>*</sup></xref>
								</td>
                <td align="center">39 (31)</td>
                <td align="center">56 (66)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN13"><sup>&#8225;</sup></xref>
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Tabagismo n(%)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ruim</td>
                <td align="center">8 (6)</td>
                <td align="center">7 (8)</td>
                <td align="center">9 (7)</td>
                <td align="center">8 (9)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Intermedi&#225;rio</td>
                <td align="center">31 (22)</td>
                <td align="center">14 (15)</td>
                <td align="center">42 (33)</td>
                <td align="center">11 (13)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ideal</td>
                <td align="center">105 (73)</td>
                <td align="center">72 (77)</td>
                <td align="center">77 (60)</td>
                <td align="center">67 (78)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Hipercolesterolemia n(%)</td>
                <td align="center">34 (24)</td>
                <td align="center">24 (26)</td>
                <td align="center">39 (30)</td>
                <td align="center">17 (20)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Atividade F&#237;sica n(%)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ruim</td>
                <td align="center">66 (46)</td>
                <td align="center">53 (57)</td>
                <td align="center">73 (57)</td>
                <td align="center">46 (54)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Intermedi&#225;ria</td>
                <td align="center">38 (26)</td>
                <td align="center">21 (23)</td>
                <td align="center">31 (24)</td>
                <td align="center">21 (24)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ideal</td>
                <td align="center">40 (28)</td>
                <td align="center">19 (20)</td>
                <td align="center">24 (19)</td>
                <td align="center">19 (22)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Dieta n(%)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ruim</td>
                <td align="center">71 (49)</td>
                <td align="center">45 (48)</td>
                <td align="center">72 (56)</td>
                <td align="center">58 (67)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN13"><sup>&#8225;</sup></xref>
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Intermedi&#225;ria</td>
                <td align="center">38 (26)</td>
                <td align="center">32 (34)</td>
                <td align="center">36 (28)</td>
                <td align="center">17 (20)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ideal</td>
                <td align="center">35 (24)</td>
                <td align="center">16 (17)</td>
                <td align="center">20 (16)</td>
                <td align="center">11 (13)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Diabetes n(%)</td>
                <td align="center">8 (6)</td>
                <td align="center">6 (6)</td>
                <td align="center">11 (9)</td>
                <td align="center">5 (6)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Press&#227;o arterial n(%)</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ruim</td>
                <td align="center">51 (35)</td>
                <td align="center">28 (30)</td>
                <td align="center">48 (38)</td>
                <td align="center">32 (37)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Intermedi&#225;ria</td>
                <td align="center">72 (50)</td>
                <td align="center">50 (54)</td>
                <td align="center">70 (55)</td>
                <td align="center">49 (57)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ideal</td>
                <td align="center">21 (15)</td>
                <td align="center">15 (16)</td>
                <td align="center">10 (8)</td>
                <td align="center">5 (6)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">&#205;ndice de massa corporal (kg/m<sup>2</sup>)</td>
                <td align="center">26,5 &#177; 3,8</td>
                <td align="center">26,4 &#177; 4,2</td>
                <td align="center">27,3 &#177; 4,6</td>
                <td align="center">27,5 &#177; 5,0</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN11">
              <label>*</label>
              <p>
                <italic>p &lt; 0,05 ativo vs. baixa tens&#227;o;</italic>
              </p>
            </fn>
            <fn id="TFN12">
              <label>
                <sup>&#8224;</sup>
              </label>
              <p>
                <italic>p &lt; 0,05 passivo vs. baixa tens&#227;o;</italic>
              </p>
            </fn>
            <fn id="TFN13">
              <label>
                <sup>&#8225;</sup>
              </label>
              <p>
                <italic>p &lt; 0,05 alta tens&#227;o vs baixa tens&#227;o.</italic>
              </p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>Nenhum indiv&#237;duo dessa amostra foi classificado no grupo sa&#250;de CV ideal. A sa&#250;de CV intermedi&#225;ria foi encontrada em 44 (9%) e pobre em 434 (91%) dos entrevistados. O sedentarismo (53%) e a m&#225; alimenta&#231;&#227;o (55%) foram os fatores com maior preval&#234;ncia entre os participantes. O IMC ruim foi encontrado em 22% dos participantes, tabagismo em 7%, hipertens&#227;o em 36%, hipercolesterolemia em 26% e diabetes em 7% (<xref ref-type="fig" rid="f3">Figura 1</xref>). A maioria dos participantes teve de um a tr&#234;s fatores de sa&#250;de CV classificados como ruim (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t7">Tabela 2</xref>).</p>
        <p>
          <fig id="f3">
            <label>Figura 1</label>
            <caption>
              <title>Barras empilhadas que mostram a preval&#234;ncia de fatores de risco cardiovasculares. IMC: &#237;ndice de massa corporal (kg/m<sup>2</sup>).</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-112-03-0260-90005-gf01-pt.jpg"/></fig>
        </p>
        <table-wrap id="t7">
          <label>Tabela 2</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Distribui&#231;&#227;o (contagem) de fatores cardiovasculares ruins de acordo com a tens&#227;o do trabalho</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col width="21%"/>
              <col width="19%"/>
              <col width="20%"/>
              <col width="20%"/>
              <col width="20%"/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">N&#250;mero de fatores CV ruins</th>
                <th align="center">Baixa tens&#227;o n = 144 (32%)</th>
                <th align="center">Ativo n = 93 (21%)</th>
                <th align="center">Passivo n = 128 (28%)</th>
                <th align="center">Alta tens&#227;o n = 86 (19%)</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">0</td>
                <td align="center">16 (11)</td>
                <td align="center">9 (10)</td>
                <td align="center">12 (9)</td>
                <td align="center">6 (7)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">1</td>
                <td align="center">52 (36)</td>
                <td align="center">31 (33)</td>
                <td align="center">27 (21)</td>
                <td align="center">18 (21)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">2</td>
                <td align="center">37 (26)</td>
                <td align="center">23 (25)</td>
                <td align="center">35 27)</td>
                <td align="center">27 (31)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">3</td>
                <td align="center">29 (20)</td>
                <td align="center">17 (18)</td>
                <td align="center">35 (27)</td>
                <td align="center">25 (29)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">4</td>
                <td align="center">5 (4)</td>
                <td align="center">9 (10)</td>
                <td align="center">13 (10)</td>
                <td align="center">8 (9)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">5</td>
                <td align="center">3 (2)</td>
                <td align="center">4 (4)</td>
                <td align="center">4 (3)</td>
                <td align="center">2 (2)</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">6</td>
                <td align="center">2 (1)</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">2 (2)</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">7</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
                <td align="center">0</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">M&#233;dia de fatores CV ruins (n)</td>
                <td align="center">1,8</td>
                <td align="center">2</td>
                <td align="center">2,2</td>
                <td align="center">2,2</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN14">
              <p>
                <italic>p &gt; 0,05 para toda compara&#231;&#227;o de grupo. CV: cardiovascular.</italic>
              </p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>Considerando o desfecho sa&#250;de CV e baixa tens&#227;o como grupo de refer&#234;ncia para compara&#231;&#245;es, verificamos que indiv&#237;duos de alta tens&#227;o, ativos e passivos t&#234;m um aumento n&#227;o significativo nas chances de ter sa&#250;de CV ruim (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t8">Tabela 3</xref> e <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f4">Figura 2</xref>). A alta demanda ou baixo controle, quando analisados combinados ou separadamente, n&#227;o foram associados &#224; sa&#250;de CV ruim (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t8">Tabela 3</xref>). Individualmente, o grupo ativo teve uma tend&#234;ncia de aumento da chance de sedentarismo (OR 1,67, IC 95% 0,96-2,92; p = 0,07). A alta tens&#227;o no trabalho aumentou a chance em 2,3 vezes de ter uma dieta ruim em compara&#231;&#227;o com o grupo de baixa tens&#227;o (p = 0,005). Da mesma forma, a alta tens&#227;o no trabalho foi associada ao IMC ruim (&gt; 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), OR 2,11, IC 95% 1,06-4,22; p = 0,034. N&#227;o encontramos uma associa&#231;&#227;o entre tens&#227;o no trabalho e tabagismo, hipertens&#227;o arterial, hipercolesterolemia ou diabetes (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t9">Tabela 4</xref>). Quando demanda e controle s&#227;o analisados separadamente, h&#225; associa&#231;&#227;o entre baixo controle e dieta ruim. (<xref ref-type="table" rid="t10">Tabela 5</xref>)</p>
        <table-wrap id="t8">
          <label>Tabela 3</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Associa&#231;&#227;o entre demanda, controle ou tens&#227;o no trabalho com Sa&#250;de Cardiovascular Ruim</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col width="17%"/>
              <col width="15%"/>
              <col width="16%"/>
              <col width="16%"/>
              <col width="16%"/>
              <col width="16%"/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid">
                <th align="left" rowspan="2">
								</th>
                <th align="center">
								</th>
                <th align="center" colspan="2">Sa&#250;de Cardiovascular Ruim (Bruto)</th>
                <th align="center" colspan="2">Sa&#250;de Cardiovascular Ruim (Ajustado<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN16">*</xref>)</th>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid">
                <th align="center">n (%)</th>
                <th align="center">Odds Ratio (95% IC)</th>
                <th align="center">p</th>
                <th align="center">Odds Ratio (95% IC)</th>
                <th align="center">p</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Par&#226;metros isolados</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Alta demanda</td>
                <td align="center">180 (40)</td>
                <td align="center">1,24 (0,64-2,39)</td>
                <td align="center">0,52</td>
                <td align="center">1,49 (0,76-2,94)</td>
                <td align="center">0,24</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Baixo Controle</td>
                <td align="center">229 (49)</td>
                <td align="center">1,29 (0,69-2,40)</td>
                <td align="center">0,43</td>
                <td align="center">1,09 (0,54-2,20)</td>
                <td align="center">0,81</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Par&#226;metros combinados</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Baixa tens&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">144 (32)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ativo</td>
                <td align="center">93 (21)</td>
                <td align="center">1,17 (0,49-2,76)</td>
                <td align="center">0,73</td>
                <td align="center">1,21 (0,49-2,97)</td>
                <td align="center">0,68</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Passivo</td>
                <td align="center">128 (28)</td>
                <td align="center">1,21 (0,55-2,66)</td>
                <td align="center">0,64</td>
                <td align="center">0,91 (0,38-2,18)</td>
                <td align="center">0,84</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Alta tens&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">86 (19)</td>
                <td align="center">1,67 (0,63-4,44)</td>
                <td align="center">0,31</td>
                <td align="center">1,79 (0,65-4,92)</td>
                <td align="center">0,26</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN15">
              <p>
                <italic>IC: intervalo de confian&#231;a;</italic>
              </p>
            </fn>
            <fn id="TFN16">
              <label>*</label>
              <p>
                <italic>Ajustado por idade, sexo, renda, educa&#231;&#227;o e profiss&#227;o.</italic>
              </p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <p>
          <fig id="f4">
            <label>Figura 2</label>
            <caption>
              <title>O gr&#225;fico de barras com porcentagens de sa&#250;de cardiovascular intermedi&#225;ria e pobre de acordo com tens&#227;o no trabalho: baixa tens&#227;o (baixa demanda e alto controle), ativo (alta demanda e alto controle), passivo (baixa demanda e baixo controle) e alta tens&#227;o (alta demanda e baixo controle). A sa&#250;de cardiovascular ideal n&#227;o &#233; representada porque nenhum indiv&#237;duo estava neste grupo.</title>
            </caption>
            <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-112-03-0260-90005-gf02-pt.jpg"/></fig>
        </p>
        <table-wrap id="t9">
          <label>Tabela 4</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Associa&#231;&#227;o entre fatores de sa&#250;de cardiovascular e categorias de estresse no trabalho</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col width="18%"/>
              <col width="14%"/>
              <col width="18%"/>
              <col width="14%"/>
              <col width="18%"/>
              <col width="14%"/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr>
                <th align="left">
								</th>
                <th align="center">n (%)</th>
                <th align="center">Odds Ratio Bruto (95% IC)</th>
                <th align="center">p</th>
                <th align="center">Odds Ratio Ajustado (95% IC)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN18">*</xref>
								</th>
                <th align="center">p</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Sedentarismo</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Baixa Tens&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">66 (46)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ativo</td>
                <td align="center">53 (57)</td>
                <td align="center">1,57 (0,93-2,65)</td>
                <td align="center">0,09</td>
                <td align="center">1,67 (0,96-2,92)</td>
                <td align="center">0,07</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Passivo</td>
                <td align="center">73 (57)</td>
                <td align="center">1,57 (0,97-2,53)</td>
                <td align="center">0,066</td>
                <td align="center">1,19 (0,70-2,04)</td>
                <td align="center">0,52</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Alta Tens&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">46 (53)</td>
                <td align="center">1,36 (0,80-2,32)</td>
                <td align="center">0,26</td>
                <td align="center">1,40 (0,80-2,46)</td>
                <td align="center">0,24</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Dieta Pobre</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Baixa Tens&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">71 (49)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ativo</td>
                <td align="center">45 (48)</td>
                <td align="center">0,96 (0,57-1,62)</td>
                <td align="center">0,89</td>
                <td align="center">0,95 (0,55-1,65)</td>
                <td align="center">0,86</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Passivo</td>
                <td align="center">72 (56)</td>
                <td align="center">1,32 (0,82-2,13)</td>
                <td align="center">0,25</td>
                <td align="center">1,38 (0,81-2,35)</td>
                <td align="center">0,24</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Alta Tens&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">58 (67)</td>
                <td align="center">2,13 (1,22-3,18)</td>
                <td align="center">0,008</td>
                <td align="center">2,31 (1,29-4,13)</td>
                <td align="center">0,005</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>IMC &gt; 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup></bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Baixa Tens&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">22 (15)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ativo</td>
                <td align="center">21 (23)</td>
                <td align="center">1,62 (0,83-3,15)</td>
                <td align="center">0,16</td>
                <td align="center">1,75 (0,86-3,53)</td>
                <td align="center">0,12</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Passivo</td>
                <td align="center">34 (26)</td>
                <td align="center">2,01 (1,10-3,65)</td>
                <td align="center">0,023</td>
                <td align="center">1,83 (0,94-3,57)</td>
                <td align="center">0,07</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Alta Tens&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">23 (27)</td>
                <td align="center">2,02 (1,05-3,91)</td>
                <td align="center">0,036</td>
                <td align="center">2,11 (1,06-4,22)</td>
                <td align="center">0,034</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Tabagismo</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Baixa Tens&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">8 (6)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ativo</td>
                <td align="center">7 (8)</td>
                <td align="center">1,38 (0,48-3,95)</td>
                <td align="center">0,55</td>
                <td align="center">1,65 (0,53-5,11)</td>
                <td align="center">0,39</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Passivo</td>
                <td align="center">9 (7)</td>
                <td align="center">1,29 (0,48-3,44)</td>
                <td align="center">0,62</td>
                <td align="center">1,01 (0,34-3,04)</td>
                <td align="center">0,98</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Alta Tens&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">8 (9)</td>
                <td align="center">1,74 (0,63 (4,83)</td>
                <td align="center">0,29</td>
                <td align="center">2,06 (0,69-6,12)</td>
                <td align="center">0,19</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Hipertens&#227;o</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Baixa Tens&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">51 (35)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ativo</td>
                <td align="center">28 (30)</td>
                <td align="center">0,79 (0,45-1,37)</td>
                <td align="center">0,4</td>
                <td align="center">0,82 (0,44-1,51)</td>
                <td align="center">0,53</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Passivo</td>
                <td align="center">48 (38)</td>
                <td align="center">1,09 (0,67-1,79)</td>
                <td align="center">0,72</td>
                <td align="center">0,72 (0,41-1,28)</td>
                <td align="center">0,27</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Alta Tens&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">32 (37)</td>
                <td align="center">1,08 (0,62-1,88)</td>
                <td align="center">0,78</td>
                <td align="center">0,93 (0,51-1,71)</td>
                <td align="center">0,82</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Dislipidemia</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Baixa Tens&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">34 (24)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ativo</td>
                <td align="center">24 (26)</td>
                <td align="center">1,13 (0,62-2,06)</td>
                <td align="center">0,7</td>
                <td align="center">1,23 (0,64-2,36)</td>
                <td align="center">0,53</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Passivo</td>
                <td align="center">38 (31)</td>
                <td align="center">1,42 (0,83-2,43)</td>
                <td align="center">0,2</td>
                <td align="center">0,92 (0,50-1,69)</td>
                <td align="center">0,78</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Alta Tens&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">17 (19)</td>
                <td align="center">0,80 (0,41-1,53)</td>
                <td align="center">0,5</td>
                <td align="center">0,72 (0,36-1,45)</td>
                <td align="center">0,35</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Diabetes</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Baixa Tens&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">8 (6)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Ativo</td>
                <td align="center">6 (6)</td>
                <td align="center">1,17 (0,39-3,49)</td>
                <td align="center">0,78</td>
                <td align="center">1,05 (0,33-3,30)</td>
                <td align="center">0,94</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Passivo</td>
                <td align="center">11 (9)</td>
                <td align="center">1,60 (0,62-4,11)</td>
                <td align="center">0,33</td>
                <td align="center">1,20 (0,42-3,49)</td>
                <td align="center">0,73</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Alta Tens&#227;o</td>
                <td align="center">5 (6)</td>
                <td align="center">1,05 (0,33-3,32)</td>
                <td align="center">0,93</td>
                <td align="center">1,07 (0,32-3,56)</td>
                <td align="center">0,91</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN17">
              <p>
                <italic>IC: intervalo de confian&#231;a; IMC: &#237;ndice de massa corporal;</italic>
              </p>
            </fn>
            <fn id="TFN18">
              <label>*</label>
              <p>
                <italic>Ajustado para idade, sexo, renda, educa&#231;&#227;o e profiss&#227;o.</italic>
              </p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
        <table-wrap id="t10">
          <label>Tabela 5</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Associa&#231;&#227;o entre demanda ou controle com os fatores de sa&#250;de cardiovascular</title>
          </caption>
          <table frame="hsides" rules="groups">
            <colgroup>
              <col width="15%"/>
              <col width="10%"/>
              <col width="16%"/>
              <col width="9%"/>
              <col width="11%"/>
              <col width="9%"/>
              <col width="16%"/>
              <col width="10%"/>
            </colgroup>
            <thead>
              <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid">
                <th align="left">
								</th>
                <th align="left">
								</th>
                <th align="left" colspan="2">Demanda</th>
                <th align="left">
								</th>
                <th align="left">
								</th>
                <th align="left" colspan="2">Controle</th>
              </tr>
              <tr style="border-bottom-width:thin;border-bottom-style:solid">
                <th align="left">
								</th>
                <th align="center">n (%)</th>
                <th align="left">Odds Ratio Ajustado (IC 95%)</th>
                <th align="center">p</th>
                <th align="center">
								</th>
                <th align="center">n (%)</th>
                <th align="left">Odds Ratio Ajustado (IC 95%)<xref ref-type="table-fn" rid="TFN20">*</xref>
								</th>
                <th align="center">p</th>
              </tr>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Sedentarismo</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Baixa Demanda</td>
                <td align="center">99 (39)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">Alto Controle</td>
                <td align="center">121 (49)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Alta Demanda</td>
                <td align="center">141 (59)</td>
                <td align="center">1,34 (0,90-1,98)</td>
                <td align="center">0,15</td>
                <td align="center">Baixo Controle</td>
                <td align="center">126 (51)</td>
                <td align="center">1.03 (0.68-1.56)</td>
                <td align="center">0,88</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Dieta Pobre</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Baixa Demanda</td>
                <td align="center">160 (61)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">Alto Controle</td>
                <td align="center">123 (47)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Alta Demanda</td>
                <td align="center">103 (39)</td>
                <td align="center">1,21 (0,82-1,80)</td>
                <td align="center">0,34</td>
                <td align="center">Baixo Controle</td>
                <td align="center">140 (53)</td>
                <td align="center">1,70 (1,12-2,58)</td>
                <td align="center">0,012</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>IMC &gt; 30 kg/m<sup>2</sup></bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Baixa Demanda</td>
                <td align="center">45 (44)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">Alto Controle</td>
                <td align="center">59 (58)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Alta Demanda</td>
                <td align="center">58 (56)</td>
                <td align="center">1,49 (0,93-2,41)</td>
                <td align="center">0,1</td>
                <td align="center">Baixo Controle</td>
                <td align="center">43 (42)</td>
                <td align="center">1,50 (0,91-2,49)</td>
                <td align="center">0,12</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Tabagismo</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Baixa Demanda</td>
                <td align="center">18 (55)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">Alto Controle</td>
                <td align="center">18 (54)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Alta Demanda</td>
                <td align="center">15 (45)</td>
                <td align="center">1,98 (0,91-4,29)</td>
                <td align="center">0,085</td>
                <td align="center">Baixo Controle</td>
                <td align="center">15 (45)</td>
                <td align="center">1,17 (0,52-2,65)</td>
                <td align="center">0,71</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Hipertens&#227;o</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Baixa Demanda</td>
                <td align="center">31 (61)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">Alto Controle</td>
                <td align="center">17 (32)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Alta Demanda</td>
                <td align="center">20 (39)</td>
                <td align="center">0,70 (0,37-1,35)</td>
                <td align="center">0,29</td>
                <td align="center">Baixo Controle</td>
                <td align="center">36 (68)</td>
                <td align="center">0,78 (0,38-1,60)</td>
                <td align="center">0,5</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Dislipidemia</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Baixa Demanda</td>
                <td align="center">74 (64)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">Alto Controle</td>
                <td align="center">62 (52)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Alta Demanda</td>
                <td align="center">42 (36)</td>
                <td align="center">1,00 (0,62-1,59)</td>
                <td align="center">0,99</td>
                <td align="center">Baixo Controle</td>
                <td align="center">58 (48)</td>
                <td align="center">0,83 (0,51-1,34)</td>
                <td align="center">0,44</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">
                  <bold>Diabetes</bold>
                </td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
                <td align="center">
								</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Baixa Demanda</td>
                <td align="center">19 (63)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
                <td align="center">Alto Controle</td>
                <td align="center">14 (44)</td>
                <td align="center">Ref</td>
                <td align="center">-</td>
              </tr>
              <tr>
                <td align="left">Alta Demanda</td>
                <td align="center">11 (37)</td>
                <td align="center">1,01 (0,19-1,16)</td>
                <td align="center">0,98</td>
                <td align="center">Baixo Controle</td>
                <td align="center">18 (56)</td>
                <td align="center">1,21 (0,52-2,79)</td>
                <td align="center">0,66</td>
              </tr>
            </tbody>
          </table>
          <table-wrap-foot>
            <fn id="TFN19">
              <p>
                <italic>OR: odds ratio; IC: intervalo de confian&#231;a; IMC: &#237;ndice de massa corporal;</italic>
              </p>
            </fn>
            <fn id="TFN20">
              <label>*</label>
              <p>
                <italic>Ajustado para idade, sexo, renda, educa&#231;&#227;o e profiss&#227;o.</italic>
              </p>
            </fn>
          </table-wrap-foot>
        </table-wrap>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="discussion">
        <title>Discuss&#227;o</title>
        <p>Este estudo incluiu 451 indiv&#237;duos de um centro acad&#234;mico e, ao nosso conhecimento, &#233; o primeiro a descrever a preval&#234;ncia de sa&#250;de CV e explorar uma poss&#237;vel rela&#231;&#227;o com a tens&#227;o no trabalho na Bacia Amaz&#244;nica. Nosso principal achado foi uma alta preval&#234;ncia de sa&#250;de CV ruim e aus&#234;ncia de entrevistados com sa&#250;de CV ideal. A alta tens&#227;o no trabalho foi associada com dieta pobre e obesidade. Esses achados destacam a influ&#234;ncia da condi&#231;&#227;o do local de trabalho na sa&#250;de CV dos funcion&#225;rios e a necessidade de implementar pol&#237;ticas para melhoria da sa&#250;de.</p>
        <p>N&#227;o encontramos indiv&#237;duos com sa&#250;de CV ideal conforme definido pela diretriz da AHA. Mais de 90% foram classificados como sa&#250;de CV ruim. Isso mostra um cen&#225;rio pior do que aquele de estudos em pa&#237;ses desenvolvidos. Em um estudo na comunidade realizado nos Estados Unidos com 1.933 indiv&#237;duos, apenas um indiv&#237;duo preenchia crit&#233;rios para sa&#250;de CV ideal.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref> No mesmo estudo, 17% apresentaram sa&#250;de CV intermedi&#225;ria e 83% apresentaram sa&#250;de CV pobre. Esper&#225;vamos um melhor perfil de sa&#250;de CV em nossa popula&#231;&#227;o haja vista que entrevistamos funcion&#225;rios de um centro acad&#234;mico com amplo acesso a informa&#231;&#245;es de sa&#250;de, particularmente dada a presen&#231;a dos cursos de nutri&#231;&#227;o, medicina e outros cursos relacionados &#224; sa&#250;de no campus. Al&#233;m disso, a popula&#231;&#227;o de nossa amostra era aproximadamente 10 anos mais jovem do que a popula&#231;&#227;o de outros estudos similares.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B11">11</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B12">12</xref> Em um estudo asi&#225;tico, a preval&#234;ncia de sa&#250;de CV ideal foi de 0,2%, intermedi&#225;ria de 21% e ruim de 79% entre trabalhadores hospitalares.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B13">13</xref> Comparando esta amostra com os participantes do presente estudo, a principal diferen&#231;a de par&#226;metros CVs pode ser explicada por um melhor controle da press&#227;o arterial e baixo &#237;ndice de sobrepeso e obesidade na popula&#231;&#227;o asi&#225;tica. Esse cen&#225;rio desfavor&#225;vel encontrado em nossa amostra n&#227;o pode ser explicado por diferen&#231;as na metodologia entre os estudos porque usamos defini&#231;&#245;es similares para fatores de sa&#250;de CV como definidos pela AHA.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref>
				</p>
        <p>No que diz respeito &#224; tens&#227;o no trabalho e &#224; sa&#250;de CV, n&#227;o houve associa&#231;&#227;o entre alta tens&#227;o e sa&#250;de CV ruim. Diferentemente, estudos anteriores ao nosso demonstraram associa&#231;&#227;o entre estresse no trabalho e escores de sa&#250;de CV e mesma associa&#231;&#227;o com DCV estabelecida.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B14">14</xref> O nosso resultado negativo pode ser relacionado &#224; limita&#231;&#227;o no tamanho da amostra (n = 451 participantes) al&#233;m de haver poss&#237;veis peculiaridades socioculturais n&#227;o detectadas no presente estudo da Amaz&#244;nia que podem influenciar a rela&#231;&#227;o entre estresse no trabalho e a sa&#250;de CV. Outros autores exploraram a associa&#231;&#227;o entre tens&#227;o no trabalho e fatores de sa&#250;de CV individualmente e acharam associa&#231;&#227;o entre tens&#227;o no trabalho e inatividade f&#237;sica,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref><sup>,</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref> diabetes, tabagismo e obesidade.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B16">16</xref>
				</p>
        <p>No presente estudo, o padr&#227;o de dieta ruim foi associado &#224; alta tens&#227;o no trabalho, possivelmente devido ao fato de que as pessoas com maior demanda e menor controle costumam ter menos tempo para preparar ou comprar alimentos saud&#225;veis. Tamb&#233;m encontramos uma associa&#231;&#227;o entre alta tens&#227;o no trabalho e a obesidade, o que pode ser consequ&#234;ncia de uma dieta pobre; &#233; razo&#225;vel formular uma hip&#243;tese de que uma dieta pobre &#233; um fator mediador para a associa&#231;&#227;o entre alta tens&#227;o no trabalho e a obesidade. No entanto, n&#227;o encontramos efeito mediador para esta associa&#231;&#227;o (dados n&#227;o apresentados). Al&#233;m disso, o modelo de demanda-controle foi constru&#237;do para avaliar os fatores psicossociais que afetam a sa&#250;de mental.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B7">7</xref> Os participantes com alta tens&#227;o no trabalho s&#227;o mais propensos a ter transtornos alimentares, resultando em ganho de peso, o que pode explicar nossos achados. Em nossos question&#225;rios, n&#227;o exploramos dist&#250;rbios de sa&#250;de mental para adicionar nesta discuss&#227;o. No estudo atual, o sedentarismo n&#227;o foi associado &#224; tens&#227;o no trabalho, diferente de uma publica&#231;&#227;o anterior que encontrou como o &#250;nico fator de risco associado &#224; alta tens&#227;o no trabalho.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B15">15</xref> Nossos dados mostraram uma tend&#234;ncia para piores fatores de sa&#250;de CV em trabalhadores de alta tens&#227;o no trabalho, embora sem signific&#226;ncia estat&#237;stica. Isto &#233; provavelmente devido &#224; falta de poder da amostra, dado o tamanho relativamente pequeno. Al&#233;m disso, tamb&#233;m &#233; poss&#237;vel que os funcion&#225;rios mais ocupados e os mais saud&#225;veis &#8203;&#8203;tenham se recusado a participar do estudo, introduzindo um vi&#233;s com tend&#234;ncia a aceitar a hip&#243;tese nula. Por outro lado, o estresse no trabalho poderia determinar menor influ&#234;ncia na sa&#250;de CV em um ambiente acad&#234;mico na regi&#227;o amaz&#244;nica porque os funcion&#225;rios trabalhariam em um ambiente menos competitivo.</p>
        <p>Esse estudo tem algumas limita&#231;&#245;es. Os dados sobre diabetes e hipercolesterolemia foram auto-relatados, o que poderia introduzir o vi&#233;s de defini&#231;&#227;o das doen&#231;as. Por outro lado, os question&#225;rios auto-relatados apresentam baixa sensibilidade para detectar essas doen&#231;as,<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B17">17</xref> assim, a preval&#234;ncia de fatores de risco CV podem ter sido subestimados, o que aumenta a preocupa&#231;&#227;o acerca das DCV entre os funcion&#225;rios da universidade. &#201; importante ressaltar que isto precisa ser abordado, pois pode refletir uma alta preval&#234;ncia de fatores de risco CV em Rio Branco, a capital brasileira com maior taxa de obesidade.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref> Por fim, a preval&#234;ncia desses fatores CVs em nosso estudo foi semelhante aos dados sobre fatores de risco CV relatados na literatura.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B18">18</xref><sup>-</sup><xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B20">20</xref> O question&#225;rio alimentar utilizado n&#227;o conseguiu mensurar o consumo de gr&#227;os integrais, fibras e s&#243;dio, o que limitou os fatores alimentares a apenas tr&#234;s itens da dieta proposta pela AHA.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B4">4</xref> Al&#233;m disso, alguns funcion&#225;rios se recusaram a responder o question&#225;rio, o que poderia introduzir vi&#233;s, uma vez que os funcion&#225;rios que se recusaram a preencher a pesquisa poderiam ter caracter&#237;sticas diferentes, como empregos de tens&#227;o mais elevada e n&#237;vel educacional inferior em compara&#231;&#227;o com os funcion&#225;rios que participaram da pesquisa. Mesmo assim, consideramos que a amostra atual do estudo &#233; expressiva, pois a maioria dos funcion&#225;rios respondeu ao question&#225;rio. Al&#233;m disso, os fatores de confus&#227;o residuais ou fatores n&#227;o medidos para a rela&#231;&#227;o entre estresse no trabalho e sa&#250;de CV n&#227;o foram completamente eliminados no modelo de regress&#227;o. Finalmente, como o desenho do estudo &#233; transversal, apenas associa&#231;&#245;es podem ser estabelecidas. Um estudo mais aprofundado com um desenho longitudinal exploraria a causalidade entre a tens&#227;o do trabalho e os fatores de sa&#250;de CV.</p>
      </sec>
      <sec sec-type="conclusions">
        <title>Conclus&#227;o</title>
        <p>N&#227;o houve associa&#231;&#227;o entre sa&#250;de CV e estresse no trabalho. Obesidade e m&#225; alimenta&#231;&#227;o foram relacionadas a alta tens&#227;o. Os achados de alta preval&#234;ncia de sa&#250;de CV ruim fornecem informa&#231;&#245;es importantes para autoridades de sa&#250;de p&#250;blica em pa&#237;ses em desenvolvimento. As estrat&#233;gias para promover comportamentos saud&#225;veis, como alimenta&#231;&#227;o saud&#225;vel oferecida em restaurantes do campus, projetos de atividades f&#237;sicas, campanhas de educa&#231;&#227;o, em conjunto com uma boa aten&#231;&#227;o prim&#225;ria no campus, poderiam ter um grande impacto na expectativa de vida e na melhoria da sa&#250;de CV nessa popula&#231;&#227;o.</p>
      </sec>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="financial-disclosure">
          <p>
            <bold>Fontes de financiamento</bold>
          </p>
          <p>O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica</bold>
          </p>
          <p>N&#227;o h&#225; vincula&#231;&#227;o deste estudo a programas de p&#243;s-gradua&#231;&#227;o.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <bold>Aprova&#231;&#227;o &#233;tica e consentimento informado</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Este estudo foi aprovado pelo Comit&#234; de &#201;tica da Universidade Federal do Acre sob o n&#250;mero de protocolo 23107.017363/2011-52. Todos os procedimentos envolvidos nesse estudo est&#227;o de acordo com a Declara&#231;&#227;o de Helsinki de 1975, atualizada em 2013. O consentimento informado foi obtido de todos os participantes inclu&#237;dos no estudo.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
