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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Arq Bras Cardiol</journal-id>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">abc</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia</journal-title>
        <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">Arq. Bras. Cardiol.</abbrev-journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">0066-782X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1678-4170</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - SBC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v3">vcd6RkdBtp4pjvkLSMfjXBj</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id" specific-use="scielo-v2">S0066-782X2018001700758</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.5935/abc.20180223</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Image</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>How Echocardiographic Deformation Indices Can Distinguish Different Types of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Pena</surname>
            <given-names>Jos&#233; Luiz Barros</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2">2</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c1"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Santos</surname>
            <given-names>Wander Costa</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ara&#250;jo</surname>
            <given-names>Stanley de Almeida</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Dias</surname>
            <given-names>Glauber Monteiro</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4">4</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Sternick</surname>
            <given-names>Eduardo Back</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1">1</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff1">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas de Minas Gerais</institution>
        <institution content-type="orgdiv1">P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Belo Horizonte</city>
          <state>MG</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas - Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff2">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Hospital Fel&#237;cio Rocho</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Belo Horizonte</city>
          <state>MG</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital Fel&#237;cio Rocho, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff3">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Ouro Preto</city>
          <state>MG</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Belo Horizonte, MG - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff4">
        <label>4</label>
        <institution content-type="orgname">Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia</institution>
        <addr-line>
          <city>Rio de Janeiro</city>
          <state>RJ</state>
        </addr-line>
        <country country="BR">Brazil</country>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia (INC), Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brazil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c1"><bold>Mailing Address: Jos&#233; Luiz Barros Pena,</bold> P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas - Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas de Minas Gerais - Postal Code 30130-110 Centro, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brazil. E-mail: <email>jlbpena@cardiol.br</email>, <email>jlpena.bh@terra.com.br</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Author contributions</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Conception and design of the research, acquisition of data and analysis and interpretation of the data: Pena JLB, Santos WC, Ara&#250;jo SA, Dias GM, Sternick EB; writing of the manuscript: Pena JLB, Santos WC; critical revision of the manuscript for intellectual contente: Ara&#250;jo SA, Dias GM, Sternick EB.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potential Conflict of Interest</bold>
          </p>
          <p>No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <pub-date pub-type="epub-ppub">
        <month>11</month>
        <year>2018</year>
      </pub-date>
      <volume>111</volume>
      <issue>5</issue>
      <fpage>758</fpage>
      <lpage>759</lpage>
      <history>
        <date date-type="received">
          <day>06</day>
          <month>04</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="rev-recd">
          <day>05</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
        <date date-type="accepted">
          <day>05</day>
          <month>09</month>
          <year>2018</year>
        </date>
      </history>
      <permissions>
        <license license-type="open-access" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xml:lang="en">
          <license-p>This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited</license-p>
        </license>
      </permissions>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Speckle Tracking</kwd>
        <kwd>PRKAG2 Mutation</kwd>
        <kwd>Deformation Indices</kwd>
        <kwd>Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, Cardiomegaly</kwd>
        <kwd>Echocardiography/diagnosis</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
  <body>
    <p>We present cases of athlete&#8217;s heart, idiopathic HCM, and glycogen storage cardiomyopathy (PRKAG2).</p>
    <p>The two non-athlete patients (Pts) underwent genetic studies and myocardial biopsies.</p>
    <p>Echocardiography showed moderate to severe LVH in all cases.</p>
    <p><bold>Case 1,</bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1-A</xref><bold>,</bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">A-3</xref> - Athlete, male, 26, intense exercise practice. Automated function imaging: 2D LV strain bullseye map showing normal Longitudinal Regional Myocardial Deformation (LRMD), despite LVH. GLS (global longitudinal strain) -20.4%.</p>
    <p>
      <fig id="f1">
        <label>Figure 1</label>
        <caption>
          <title>Two-dimensional echocardiography (A, B, C), endomyocardial biopsies (B1, B2, C1, C2) and bullseye maps (A3, B3, C3).</title>
        </caption>
        <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-111-05-0758-80223-gf01.jpg"/></fig>
    </p>
    <p><bold>Case 2,</bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1-B</xref><bold>,</bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">B-1</xref><bold>,</bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">B-2</xref><bold>,</bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">B-3</xref> - Male, 26, tachycardia and palpitations with myosin essential light chain 3 mutation. LRMD is typically reduced where hypertrophy is more accentuated. GLS -14.0%.</p>
    <p><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure B-1</xref> - Section of RV ventricular myocardium in HCM, demonstrating marked myocyte hypertrophy and disorganization (HE-stained).</p>
    <p><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure B-2</xref> - Gomoritrichrome stain (GS) showing intense fibrosis in extracellular matrix (blue) and cardiomyocyte architecture disarray.</p>
    <p><bold>Case 3,</bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure 1-C</xref><bold>,</bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">C-1</xref><bold>,</bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">C-2</xref><bold>,</bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">C-3</xref> - Male, 22, palpitations and tachycardia. Genetic analysis found missense mutation, a heterozygous pathogenic variant for PRKAG2 c.905g &gt; A p.(Arg302Gln). LRMD shows deformation levels in a striped pattern. GLS -10.5%.</p>
    <p><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure C1</xref> - HE-stained RV showing myofiber vacuolization with gross granular glycogen inclusions within vacuoles, without cardiomyocyte architecture disarray.</p>
    <p><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f1">Figure C2</xref>-GS showing intense myofiber vacuolization (white) and extracellular matrix collagen fibers without fibrosis (blue).</p>
    <p>STE (speckle tracking echocardiography) differentiates LVH and infiltrative disorders. We tried to instantaneously identify disease-related patterns.</p>
    <p>To our knowledge, we present the first pattern in a PRKAG2 mutation Pt bullseye map, differentiated from other causes of LVH.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> We recommend GLS polar map analysis to improve accuracy in echocardiographic examinations involving moderate LVH. STE can suggest the etiology, critically important to improve therapeutic strategies.</p>
  </body>
  <back>
    <fn-group>
      <fn fn-type="financial-disclosure">
        <p>
          <bold>Sources of Funding</bold>
        </p>
        <p>There were no external funding sources for this study.</p>
      </fn>
      <fn fn-type="other">
        <p>
          <bold>Study Association</bold>
        </p>
        <p>This article is part of the thesis of master submitted by Wander Costa Santos, from Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas de Minas Gerais.</p>
      </fn>
    </fn-group>
    <ref-list>
      <title>Reference</title>
      <ref id="B1">
        <label>1</label>
        <mixed-citation>1 Sternick EB, Oliva A, Gerken LM, Magalh&#227;es L, Scarpelli R, Correia FS, et al. Clinical, electrocardiographic, and electrophysiologic characteristics of patients with a fasciculoventricular pathway: the role of PRKAG2 mutation. Heart Rhythm. 2011;8(1):58-64.</mixed-citation>
        <element-citation publication-type="journal">
          <person-group person-group-type="author">
            <name>
              <surname>Sternick</surname>
              <given-names>EB</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Oliva</surname>
              <given-names>A</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Gerken</surname>
              <given-names>LM</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Magalh&#227;es</surname>
              <given-names>L</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Scarpelli</surname>
              <given-names>R</given-names>
            </name>
            <name>
              <surname>Correia</surname>
              <given-names>FS</given-names>
            </name>
            <etal/>
          </person-group>
          <article-title>Clinical, electrocardiographic, and electrophysiologic characteristics of patients with a fasciculoventricular pathway: the role of PRKAG2 mutation</article-title>
          <source>Heart Rhythm</source>
          <year>2011</year>
          <volume>8</volume>
          <issue>1</issue>
          <fpage>58</fpage>
          <lpage>64</lpage>
        </element-citation>
      </ref>
    </ref-list>
  </back>
  <sub-article article-type="translation" id="s1" xml:lang="pt">
    <front-stub>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Imagem</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Como os &#205;ndices de Deforma&#231;&#227;o Ecocardiogr&#225;fica podem Distinguir Diferentes Tipos de Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Pena</surname>
            <given-names>Jos&#233; Luiz Barros</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">1</xref>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff6">2</xref>
          <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="c2"/>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Santos</surname>
            <given-names>Wander Costa</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">1</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Ara&#250;jo</surname>
            <given-names>Stanley de Almeida</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff7">3</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Dias</surname>
            <given-names>Glauber Monteiro</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff8">4</xref>
        </contrib>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Sternick</surname>
            <given-names>Eduardo Back</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff5">1</xref>
        </contrib>
      </contrib-group>
      <aff id="aff5">
        <label>1</label>
        <institution content-type="original">P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas - Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff6">
        <label>2</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Hospital Fel&#237;cio Rocho, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff7">
        <label>3</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, MG - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <aff id="aff8">
        <label>4</label>
        <institution content-type="original">Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia (INC), Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brasil</institution>
      </aff>
      <author-notes>
        <corresp id="c2"><bold>Correspond&#234;ncia: Jos&#233; Luiz Barros Pena,</bold> P&#243;s-Gradua&#231;&#227;o Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas - Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas de Minas Gerais - CEP 30130-110 Centro, Belo Horizonte, MG - Brasil. E-mail: <email>jlbpena@cardiol.br</email>, <email>jlpena.bh@terra.com.br</email>
				</corresp>
        <fn fn-type="con">
          <p>
            <bold>Contribui&#231;&#227;o dos autores</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Concep&#231;&#227;o e desenho da pesquisa, obten&#231;&#227;o de dados e an&#225;lise e interpreta&#231;&#227;o dos dados: Pena JLB, Santos WC, Ara&#250;jo SA, Dias GM, Sternick EB; reda&#231;&#227;o do manuscrito: Pena JLB, Santos WC; revis&#227;o cr&#237;tica do manuscrito quanto ao conte&#250;do intelectual importante: Ara&#250;jo SA, Dias GM, Sternick EB.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="conflict">
          <p>
            <bold>Potencial conflito de interesses</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Declaro n&#227;o haver conflito de interesses pertinentes.</p>
        </fn>
      </author-notes>
      <kwd-group xml:lang="pt">
        <title>Palavras-chave</title>
        <kwd>Speckle Tracking</kwd>
        <kwd>Muta&#231;&#227;o PRKAG2</kwd>
        <kwd>&#205;ndices de Deforma&#231;&#227;o Mioc&#225;rdica</kwd>
        <kwd>Hipertrofia Ventricular Esquerda</kwd>
        <kwd>Ecocardiografia/diagn&#243;stico</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </front-stub>
    <body>
      <p>Apresentamos casos de cora&#231;&#227;o de atleta, CMH idiop&#225;tica e cardiomiopatia de armazenamento de glicog&#234;nio (PRKAG2).</p>
      <p>Os dois pacientes n&#227;o atletas (Pcs) foram submetidos a estudos gen&#233;ticos e bi&#243;psias mioc&#225;rdicas.</p>
      <p>O ecocardiograma mostrou HVE moderada a grave em todos os casos.</p>
      <p><bold>Caso 1,</bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figura 1-A</xref><bold>,</bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">A-3</xref> - Atleta, sexo masculino, 26 anos, pr&#225;tica intensa de exerc&#237;cios. Fun&#231;&#227;o de imagem automatizada: 2D bullseye do VE mostrando Deforma&#231;&#227;o Mioc&#225;rdica Regional Longitudinal normal (DMRL), apesar de HVE. GLS (strain longitudinal global) -20,4%.</p>
      <p>
        <fig id="f2">
          <label>Figura 1</label>
          <caption>
            <title>Ecocardiograma bidimensional (A, B, C), biopsias endomioc&#225;rdicas (B1, B2, C1, C2) e mapa bullseye (A3, B3, C3).</title>
          </caption>
          <graphic xlink:href="1678-4170-abc-111-05-0758-80223-gf01-pt.jpg"/></fig>
      </p>
      <p><bold>Caso 2,</bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figura 1-B</xref><bold>,</bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">B-1</xref><bold>,</bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">B-2</xref><bold>,</bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">B-3</xref> - Sexo masculino, 26, taquicardia e palpita&#231;&#245;es com muta&#231;&#227;o da cadeia leve essencial da miosina 3. DMRL &#233; tipicamente reduzida onde a hipertrofia &#233; mais acentuada. GLS -14,0%.</p>
      <p><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figura B-1</xref> - Corte do mioc&#225;rdio ventricular do VD na CMH, demonstrando hipertrofia e desorganiza&#231;&#227;o acentuadas dos mi&#243;citos (colora&#231;&#227;o HE).</p>
      <p><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figura B-2</xref><bold>-</bold> Colora&#231;&#227;o de tricromo de Gomori (GS) mostrando intensa fibrose na matriz extracelular (azul) e desarranjo da arquitetura de cardiomi&#243;citos.</p>
      <p><bold>Caso 3,</bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figura 1-C</xref><bold>,</bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">C-1</xref><bold>,</bold><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">C-2</xref>, <xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">C-3</xref> - Sexo masculino, 22, palpita&#231;&#245;es e taquicardia. A an&#225;lise gen&#233;tica encontrou muta&#231;&#227;o missense, uma variante patog&#234;nica heterozig&#243;tica para PRKAG2 c.905 g &gt; A p. (Arg302Gln). DMRL mostra n&#237;veis de deforma&#231;&#227;o em um padr&#227;o listrado. GLS -10,5%.</p>
      <p><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figura C1</xref><bold>-</bold> VD corado com HE mostrando vacuoliza&#231;&#227;o de miofibras com inclus&#245;es macrosc&#243;picas de glicog&#234;nio granular dentro de vac&#250;olos, sem desarranjo da arquitetura de cardiomi&#243;citos.</p>
      <p><xref ref-type="fig" rid="f2">Figura C2</xref><bold>-</bold> GS mostrando intensa vacuoliza&#231;&#227;o de miofibras (branca) e fibras de col&#225;geno da matriz extracelular sem fibrose (azul).</p>
      <p>O STE (ecocardiograma por rastreamento de pontos) diferencia HVE e dist&#250;rbios infiltrativos. Tentamos identificar instantaneamente padr&#245;es relacionados com doen&#231;as.</p>
      <p>At&#233; onde sabemos, apresentamos o primeiro padr&#227;o em um mapa bullseye de muta&#231;&#227;o de PRKAG2 do Pc, diferenciado de outras causas de HVE.<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="B1">1</xref> Recomendamos a an&#225;lise do mapa polar GLS para melhorar a precis&#227;o nos exames ecocardiogr&#225;ficos envolvendo HVE moderada. O STE pode sugerir a etiologia, criticamente importante para melhorar as estrat&#233;gias terap&#234;uticas.</p>
    </body>
    <back>
      <fn-group>
        <fn fn-type="financial-disclosure">
          <p>
            <bold>Fontes de financiamento</bold>
          </p>
          <p>O presente estudo n&#227;o teve fontes de financiamento externas.</p>
        </fn>
        <fn fn-type="other">
          <p>
            <bold>Vincula&#231;&#227;o acad&#234;mica</bold>
          </p>
          <p>Este artigo &#233; parte de disserta&#231;&#227;o de Mestrado de Wander Costa Santos pela Faculdade de Ci&#234;ncias M&#233;dicas de Minas Gerais.</p>
        </fn>
      </fn-group>
    </back>
  </sub-article>
</article>
